A large international study has identified genetic factors that modify the age of onset for Huntington's disease symptoms. The research, supported by the NIH, used precision medicine to analyze over 4,000 patients' DNA and found associations with genes involved in DNA repair and mitochondrial function.
A new algorithm developed by InSilico Medicine has the potential to improve the effectiveness of targeted therapy for cancer patients. The algorithm predicts whether a specific drug will work for an individual patient based on activation of intracellular regulatory pathways.
Researchers at UMass Medical School found that Google Glass can effectively extend toxicology consults to remote hospitals, improving patient diagnosis and management. The device enables physicians to consult with remote specialists in real-time, validating bedside exams and diagnosing specific poisonings.
A team of University of Miami researchers conducted an airborne experiment on low-lying clouds in the Pacific Ocean to better understand their effects on global climate. The project uses advanced technologies like Doppler cloud radar and aerosol lidar to study cloud structure, aerosols, and precipitation.
A new INFORMS study reveals that responding to customer complaints on Twitter can actually trigger more complaints, improving the initial customer relationship but increasing expectations and complaint propensity.
Researchers developed a terahertz imaging system using COC substrates, enabling the detection of objects hidden under clothing or skin, and improving image resolution. The system has potential applications in airport security, medical diagnostics and food industry inspection.
A new study suggests that dietary carbohydrate, particularly in the form of starch, was critical for the accelerated expansion of the human brain over the last million years. The research, led by Dr. Karen Hardy, highlights the importance of cooked starchy foods and higher salivary amylase genes in fueling brain growth.
A new initiative to add price tags to medicines worth over £20 in England may have unintended consequences, warns an editorial in the Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin (DTB). The move could lead vulnerable patients to worry about being a burden on society, while others may view cheaper drugs as less important. Furthermore, the added cost ...
A study reveals that thymus atrophy may stem from a decline in its ability to protect against DNA damage from free radicals. Common dietary antioxidants may slow thymus atrophy and represent a promising treatment strategy for protecting older adults from infections.
Researchers have identified two species of Brazilian frogs that are venomous, using their heads as a weapon to deliver toxic secretions. The discovery sheds light on the biology of amphibians and their interactions with predators in the wild.
Researchers have found a way to capture high-energy electrons from plasmonic metals, opening a new pathway to efficient solar energy conversion. By coupling nano-rods of cadmium selenide with gold nanoparticles, they can harness the energy and use it to fuel chemical reactions.
The BMJ will publish the Journal of Investigative Medicine (JIM), owned by the American Federation for Medical Research, starting in January 2016. JIM adds to the BMJ's portfolio of world-leading medical journals, covering the latest scientific developments in all medical research specialties.
Ethicists warn that patient-funded trials threaten scientific rigor, relevance, efficiency, and fairness. The model lacks mechanisms to ensure research is grounded in good science, potentially delaying innovation and harming patients.
Astronomers have discovered a self-regulating cycle between black holes, jets, and newborn stars in giant elliptical galaxies. The process, observed using Hubble Space Telescope data, controls the rate of star formation by heating and cooling gas halos around these galaxies.
A recent study published in the Journal of Sex Research found that abusive and controlling men are more likely to expose their female partners to sexually transmitted infections. The research highlights the need for a broader understanding of sexual behaviors in domestic violence prevention programs.
A single dose of the experimental Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine VSV-EBOV has been shown to completely protect cynomolgus macaques against the current EBOV outbreak strain, EBOV-Makona. The vaccine triggers both innate and adaptive immunity, providing partial protection if given three days prior to exposure.
A review of the available data concludes that there is very little evidence to recommend a low FODMAP diet as an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. While some studies suggest potential benefits, such as changes in gut bacteria profiles, more research is needed to establish its efficacy and long-term effects.
Astronomers have detected a self-regulating cycle of star births within elliptical galaxies, with black holes controlling the rate of gas cooling and star formation. The unique capabilities of space telescopes like Hubble allowed researchers to directly observe 'showers' of star formation linked to galaxy jets.
Researchers in China have independently transformed skin cells from humans and mice into neurons using chemical cocktails. The studies show that the reprogrammed cells exhibit similar gene expression and neuronal activity as those generated through traditional methods.
Researchers developed a new tool called SpDamID that precisely marks where regulatory proteins bind DNA in living cells. This allows scientists to track the combined action of multiple transcription factors and identify differences between healthy and diseased cells.
Psychologists at Cardiff University developed a reliable adult self-assessment test to measure repetitive behaviors in autism. Adults with an autism diagnosis consistently scored higher on this measure than those without an autism diagnosis, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic tool.
Australian scientists predict that many tropical mountain plant species will be unable to survive their current locations by 2080 due to high-altitude climate changes. The Wet Tropics World Heritage Area in Queensland is at risk of losing its endemic plants.
A study found that 10.3% of patients tested positive for HCV, with 70% confirmed as chronically infected, while only 24% had prior knowledge of the infection. Hepatitis C is a leading cause of end-stage liver disease and liver cancer.
A study found that over 40% of participants increased their supplement use over time and 22% replaced regular meals with supplements. The research also revealed alarming rates of concern and hospitalization due to supplement-related health issues, highlighting the need for psychological assessment and treatment.
Researchers developed a cross-linked polymer nanocomposite containing boron nitride nanosheets, which can operate at high temperatures, store electricity, and be photo-patterned. The material has higher voltage capability, heat resistance, and bendability.
A web-based programme to encourage frequent handwashing reduces respiratory tract infections in UK households, with a 14% risk reduction and lower demand for consultations and antibiotic prescriptions. The study suggests PRIMIT could play an important role in reducing flu spread and strain on NHS services during winter months.
Typhoon Soudelor's heavy rainfall and powerful feeder bands were detected by NASA's GPM satellite, showing a strong impact on the storm's structure. The typhoon reached maximum sustained winds near 90 knots and is expected to intensify again before making landfall in Taiwan.
Researchers found that compromises and reasoning are most effective for immediate behavior improvements, while punishments like timeouts can be effective when used consistently. Longer-term effects reveal a different pattern, with compromises being less effective but reasoning more effective over time.
Tropical Storm Hilda formed early on August 6 in the Eastern Pacific, with the GOES-West satellite capturing its development. The storm strengthened into a tropical storm by 11 a.m. EDT and is expected to reach hurricane strength by Saturday.
A family of transcription factors regulates the formation of caveolae, a crucial component in cell function and disease. This discovery provides insight into understanding cell behavior and combatting diseases caused by lack of invaginations.
Researchers from LMU Munich have discovered that human DNA repair enzymes employ a 'pincer' strategy to target damaged DNA, using a sugar molecule as a key component. This finding sheds new light on the complex process of DNA repair and its importance in maintaining genome stability.
Tropical Storm Guillermo is experiencing strong vertical wind shear, leading to a wedge-shaped storm. The system is expected to weaken further as it encounters dry air and continues moving west-northwest towards the Hawaiian Islands.
Worcester Polytechnic Institute researcher Amity Manning is awarded $747,000 from the National Institutes of Health to explore molecular mechanisms driving genetic instability in cancer cells. The goal is to turn the genetic tables against cancer by understanding how specific molecules affect DNA packaging and organization.
A new research study found that people often feel embarrassed when buying sensitive healthcare products privately and online, such as home test kits and medications for incontinence and sexual dysfunction. This discovery has important ramifications for retailers who offer online environments for these purchases.
Researchers analyzed copy number variation across 236 genomes from 125 populations to identify patterns of ancestry and genetic subpopulations. DNA deletions are more reflective of selection, while duplications highlight these variations.
Researchers at the University of Newcastle have developed a method to generate large and pure populations of human Schwann cells using small molecules, which support nerves and play a crucial role in nerve repair. These cells exhibit characteristics similar to those found in the body and can interact with nerves in vitro.
Researchers have identified an interaction between proteins that helps organize chromosomes to protect vital genetic information during mitosis. This discovery provides a molecular basis for understanding chromosome segregation and its role in diseases characterized by chromosome instability.
The International Dose-Response Society's official journal, Dose-Response, is now published by SAGE, covering experimental findings and non-linear dose-relationships. The journal aims to expand the reach of its research on hormone-like effects in low doses.
Researchers found that people over 80 years old take over 10 hours to clear amyloid beta 42 from the brain, leading to rising levels and increased Alzheimer's disease risk. The study suggests age-related changes in brain clearance may drive the disease.
Scientists discovered that the size of particles doesn't matter for ring formation and that the abundance of larger particles drops off due to surface forces. The team's model showed that the size distribution in planetary rings is universal, supporting a hypothesis that it follows the same laws as Saturn's rings.
A workgroup published five primary recommendations to maximize health information exchange value in emergency departments, including physician involvement and standardized data elements. Seven secondary recommendations aimed to improve HIE for emergency physicians, focusing on data quality and access.
Researchers developed a biosensor to measure Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC) activity in malignant cells, finding low MPC activity compared to healthy cells. Treating cancer cells with a new compound restored normal MPC activity, suggesting the carrier's dysfunction is responsible for its inactivity.
Researchers developed software to analyze colors and patterns as animals see them, useful for studying animal and plant signaling, camouflage, and predation. The software converts digital photos to animal vision, providing a user-friendly solution for scientists.
A recent study found that sex differences in mate preferences are much larger than previously appreciated and stable across cultures. Men generally favor younger, physically attractive mates, while women seek older, financially secure partners. These findings highlight the significant role of gender in shaping human mating behavior.
Women with early-stage breast cancer who receive a shorter course of whole breast radiation therapy experience less toxicity and improved quality of life compared to those who undergo a longer course of treatment. The study suggests that hypofractionated treatment should be considered as a starting point for discussion between patients...
Scientists used Darwinian selection to evolve robot controllers that enable efficient self-organization of tasks. The new method allows the evolution of complex behaviors, surpassing previous complexity achieved in swarm robotics.
Researchers have developed a yeast model to investigate a gene mutation that causes massive DNA damage and allows cells to continue dividing. The study reveals how cells ignore genetic damage and form micronuclei, which are commonly found in cancer cells.
Researchers have identified a protein, NFIX, that promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells into oligodendrocytes, a type of glial cell crucial for protecting neurons. This finding has implications for the development of stem cell-based therapies for brain injury and demyelinating diseases.
A preclinical study found that a new Ebola vaccine, VSV-EBOV, provides complete protection against the disease when given 7 days before infection in macaques. The vaccine also induces a strong innate immune response, helping to limit virus replication and eventually clearing the virus.
University at Buffalo chemist Jason Benedict is investigating why light-activated MOF crystals lose their sponging capabilities over time. He hopes his research will provide insight into how scientists can extend the crystals' lives and utilize them for future high-tech applications.
Researchers have found two different types of fat cells in bone marrow, regulated and constitutive, which store different types of fat molecules. The discovery paves the way for more research on how marrow fat influences the body and its role in diseases like osteoporosis.
A new letter published in the journal Science suggests that a controversial terminal project in the Skeena River estuary poses far-reaching risks, including harm to juvenile salmon populations. The study found that the proposed development area supports unusually high abundances of juvenile salmon from over 40 populations.
Researchers have discovered that protein Hsp90 triggers cancer cell metabolism, providing a potential therapeutic target. The modified protein is toxic to cells in neurodegenerative disorders but acts as a pro-survival agent in tumor cells.
A new method developed by Empa researchers could lead to the production of biodegradable motorcycle helmets made from carrot waste fibers. The 'MPAS' approach assesses market potential and ecological impact, identifying six possible customer segments for the Scottish manufacturer Cellucomp.
A $1.3 million grant from AHRQ supports a demonstration project to track and analyze data on pharmacies' naloxone rescue kit distribution to develop best practices for a national program. The study aims to increase naloxone distribution in Massachusetts and Rhode Island to combat opioid addiction and overdose.
A new study by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons finds that imaging studies necessary to diagnose traumatic injuries in pregnant women are generally safe. The radiation doses from these studies are well below thresholds considered risky. However, multiple scans and repeated exposure increase the likelihood of a harmful effect.
Two studies found hypofractionated radiation therapy to have substantially lower rates of acute and short-term toxic effects compared to conventionally fractionated therapy, with improved patient-reported outcomes. The treatment also showed comparable tumor control and lower costs.
A new genus of water mites has been discovered in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, with the species found only in bromeliad tank environments. The research reveals that these mites are top predators in their aquatic microcosms.
The study provides the first complete account of the Gorkha earthquake's physical process, revealing a contained rupture at depth. The findings suggest that while the earthquake did not cause widespread destruction, it increased stress on an adjacent portion of the fault, potentially leading to future earthquakes.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara improve a small molecule called siderophore cyclic trichrysobactin (CTC) to create an adhesive that sticks well in aqueous environments. The discovery reveals the importance of lysine and catechol in creating a favorable environment for adhesion.