The new open access journal aims to connect biological and social sciences for evidence-based discussions in educational practice, policy, and theory. It provides a forum for interaction between neurocognitive researchers and educators.
A new review article analyzes five interventional approaches to gallbladder disease, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, NOTES, and endoscopic transmural drainage. The authors highlight the potential benefits of these minimally invasive procedures, which offer alternatives to traditional surgery and can improve patient outcomes.
Scientists have developed a method to produce arrays of semiconductor junctions within a single, nanometer-thick crystal using pulsed laser deposition and commercial electron-beam lithography techniques. This breakthrough enables the creation of ultrathin electronics with tunable bandgaps for various applications.
A University of Pittsburgh study finds that late- and post-menopausal women have more fat around their hearts than pre-menopausal counterparts, increasing the risk of heart disease. Hormonal changes during menopause may be to blame for this shift in fat deposits.
A new study suggests that warmer air and reduced sea ice in the Arctic may lead to lower levels of toxic methylmercury in fish and humans. The EarthQuiz challenge allows users to explore virtual field locations with interactive imagery and puzzles.
Scientists discover new bat species from Lonchophylla genus in Brazil, with distinct characteristics including paler fur and skull differences. The unexpected finding sheds light on previously misidentified specimens, preserved in renowned collections.
A new study from Stanford University School of Medicine suggests that low levels of vasopressin, a hormone involved in social behavior, are associated with social deficits in children with autism. Researchers found that autistic children who had the lowest vasopressin levels in their blood also displayed greater social impairment.
The MD Anderson Cancer Center has been selected as a Genome Characterization Center to analyze patient samples from multiple NCI programs. The center will focus on functional proteomics, enabling the study of protein expression and modification in cancer tumors.
EPFL scientists develop a highly accurate detection system using firefly-inspired biotechnology, enabling quick diagnosis of cancer and protein interactions without requiring expensive equipment. The system utilizes a chemically-tweaked enzyme to produce light signals that can be seen with the naked eye.
Research found that people use their neighborhoods as a gauge of wealth distribution, influencing wealthy individuals' perceptions of the broader population's wealth. The study also revealed a chain-like relationship between household income, social-circle income, and perceived fairness.
More adults are visiting doctors for anticoagulant treatment due to the popularity of new direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which have fewer food and drug interactions than warfarin. The study found that DOACs have risen to nearly match the use of warfarin, with 57% of anticoagulant visits related to warfarin use in 2014.
Researchers identified the earliest example of small-scale cultivation in the world at a 23,000-year-old site in the Galilee. The team found evidence of repeated sowing and harvesting of domesticated cereals, including wheat and barley, as well as proto-weeds that grew alongside them.
Researchers have determined the structure of a simple bacterial cell membrane pump that controls protein passage, offering new insight into bacterial manipulation. The PCAT pump, a single-protein machine, recognizes and processes cargo before pumping it out of the cell.
Two new battery technologies, sodium-ion and lithium-sulfur, are poised to compete with lithium-ion batteries in the electric car market. Faradion's sodium-ion version and Oxis Energy's lithium-sulfur technology aim to match lithium-ion performance, safety, and costs within the next two to four years.
A study by the University of Cambridge found that individuals' musical preferences reflect their cognitive style, with those scoring high on empathy preferring mellow music and those scoring high on systemizing favoring intense music. The research used a dataset of over 4,000 participants and found consistent results across genres.
Researchers have identified a single amino acid difference in the mu-opioid receptor that affects behavior and addiction susceptibility. Individuals with the G variant exhibit improved resilience to stress, reduced susceptibility to alcoholism, and increased ability to quit smoking and heroin use.
A study of over 1,800 Vietnam veterans found that approximately 271,000 have current full or subthreshold PTSD and major depressive disorder, with 4.5-11.2% prevalence rates among male and female veterans. The findings highlight the long-term impact of combat service on mental health.
Researchers found that normal-weight carriers of the PNPLA3 mutant genotype are at higher risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and renal function dysfunction. The study suggests this mutation may be used to identify individuals at high-risk for NAFLD, regardless of weight status.
Ralph A. Nixon, a renowned neuroscientist, received the prestigious Zaven Khachaturian Award for his groundbreaking research on early brain changes associated with Alzheimer's disease. His work has helped scientists better understand the process of Alzheimer's development and progression.
A RIKEN-led team has developed a large-scale map of primary cell-to-cell interactions, revealing common signaling routes between cells and new insights into receptor evolution. This data can contribute to the development of medical treatments by identifying potential targets for therapies in various diseases.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University and international partners uncover proof of trial plant cultivation 11 millennia earlier than conventional ideas suggest. The study reveals early humans had gathered over 140 species of plants, including weeds mixed with edible cereals, indicating basic knowledge of agriculture and foresight.
Mint research aims to unlock their chemical diversity to develop new medicines, fragrances and synthetic molecules. The study will map the mint genome to identify key genes driving their unique properties.
Researchers urge caution when using biodiversity offsets to compensate for development damage, as it can lead to 'stealth' reneging on existing conservation goals. Properly designed offsets can help reconcile development with conservation, but improper use can cause more harm than good.
A new study by University of Washington and Columbia University researchers found significant security weaknesses in journalists' technological tools and ad-hoc workarounds. Despite the importance of protecting sensitive information, many journalists use insecure methods to organize notes and communicate with sources.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that a high-soybean-oil diet caused significant weight gain, diabetes, and insulin resistance in mice compared to diets high in coconut oil or fructose. The researchers used mice fed different diets containing various types of fats to investigate the effects on obesity and metabolic syndrome.
A team of researchers has advanced new modeling technology to quantify human dependence on nature and its impact on human well-being. The study found that people who depended on multiple types of ecosystem services fared better than those with limited resources.
Researchers at UTMB discovered a key mechanism behind developing allergic asthma and seasonal nasal allergies after exposure to airborne pollens like ragweed. The study found that neutrophils, white blood cells, attract in response to allergens, trigger inflammation and oxidative stress in the airways.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine reports that an experimental compound, AVI-7288, protected nonhuman primates against the deadly Marburg virus. The compound showed efficacy even when administered after exposure to the virus. Phase I clinical trial results also indicated safety and tolerability.
Researchers at Lawson Health Research Institute have identified LKB1 as a key player in promoting and surviving ovarian cancer cells. This discovery contradicts previous studies, which suggested that LKB1 acts as a tumour suppressor in ovarian cancer.
A new study at Case Western Reserve University's Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing found that coping by avoidance when making decisions for relatives in ICU can lead to PTSD. The study surveyed 77 people and found 42% had clinically significant PTSD symptoms, with death of the patient being a strong predictor.
The Passages Project aims to foster social norms supporting healthy behaviors, like equal rights in family planning. Researchers will develop and test scalable approaches to promote collective change through media, advocacy, and community campaigns.
Researchers are developing a cancer vaccine to combat Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD), a contagious cancer killing Tasmanian devils. The vaccine aims to save the species by targeting proteins unique to the tumour cells, with hopes for eventual release into the wild.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) have developed a new genetic technique using CRISPR-Cas9 to improve the nutritional value of feed for livestock. The method generates specific yeast that combine protein with digestive enzymes, reducing the need for supplements.
The Geological Society of America recognized James W. Head, Jerry X. Mitrovica, Brandon Schmandt, and others for their groundbreaking contributions to geology. The GSA also honored individuals for their public service, outstanding achievements in science, and dedication to the profession.
Research found that people with diabetes taking glitazone medications had a 28% lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The study, conducted by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine researchers, also found that current users of the medication experienced a significant reduction in PD risk.
A new study by Houston Methodist researchers finds that artificially added phosphates in dairy and cereal products cause bigger spikes in blood phosphorus levels than natural phosphates. This can lead to increased kidney function problems and heart damage, especially for people with healthy kidneys.
A Stanford study reveals that juvenile inmates are more likely to be hospitalized for mental health problems and have longer hospital stays compared to non-incarcerated young people. Mental health diagnoses, particularly depressive disorders, substance abuse, and conduct disorders, were common among detained youth.
A new computer program called Sketch-a-Net can correctly identify the subject of sketches up to 74.9% of the time, outperforming human accuracy of 73.1%. The program has potential applications in police forensics and image retrieval, leveraging touchscreen technology.
A new study demonstrates that non-invasive DNA sampling from hair can yield entire genome data, expanding the field of conservation genomics. This technique opens up new avenues for inquiry in adapting to changing environments.
Researchers at UT Arlington are developing a new ceramic material that can withstand both extreme heat and collisions, making it suitable for use in spacecraft, power plants, and other applications. The advanced material is created by blending different ceramics within the same family, resulting in added strength.
A joint association between low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyle in adulthood increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. Research suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent most cases of this condition.
Research found that controlled burning increases the growth of an aggressive species of invasive grass, Microstegium vimineum, particularly in moist soil conditions. Burning can promote seed production and spread, making eradication difficult.
Researchers found that repeated exposure to stimuli can lead to recurring mast cell degranulation and long-term pathological eye changes. Inhibiting this release with substances like disodium cromoglycate may offer new ways to treat serous retinal detachment.
A new study by the American Psychological Association found that violent and sexual media content may decrease advertising effectiveness and deter purchasing. The research suggests that ads with G-rated content might be more effective than those with violent or sexual themes.
A clinical trial conducted by Griffith University found that an elderberry supplement can provide some protection from cold and flu-like symptoms following long-haul flights. The study involved 312 economy class passengers who completed a daily diary and surveys before, during, and after travel.
A meta-analysis of 53 studies involving nearly 8,500 people found that programs featuring violence and sex don't improve advertising effectiveness, while some nuances were discovered, such as improved ad recall when the content matches the media.
A recent breakthrough by Tel Aviv University and Antwerp University researchers has identified the mutation of a neuroprotective protein as the probable cause of ADNP-related autism syndrome. This discovery provides new insights into the condition and offers potential avenues for diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving the lives ...
A new study finds that a moderate amount of stress stimulates mellow dogs, while hyperactive dogs perform poorly under increased stimulation. Researchers tested pet and assistance dogs, finding that their baseline temperament plays a crucial role in determining optimal stress levels.
A new study reveals that Louisiana's colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates would drop significantly if the state had the same risk factors, screening rates, and survival rates as New Jersey. With these changes, Louisiana's rates would be lower than those in New Jersey, essentially reversing recent trends.
Researchers have discovered a potential new class of antibiotics inspired by sugar molecules produced by bacteria, offering a new hope in the fight against drug-resistant superbugs. The modified sugar molecules target a crucial part of the bacterial cell wall, killing the bacteria without developing resistance.
Researchers discovered microalgae meal is a promising feedstuff for growing beef cattle, providing high energy and nutrients. The study found that cattle readily consumed algae meal at all concentrations, and its inclusion in diets increased average daily gain and dry matter intake.
Researchers have developed a hybrid photocatalyst using titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silver, and reduced graphene oxide that can break down BPA under visible light. This new material has significantly improved photocatalytic activity compared to traditional TiO2 nanoparticles.
A new model suggests that evolutionary pressures from healthy tissue keep cells with cancerous mutations in check. The study proposes that the ecosystem of a healthy tissue landscape allows healthy cells to outcompete those with cancerous mutations, but when this balance changes due to aging or stressors, cancer cells can thrive.
Two studies found increased use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillators, and improved survival rates among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Neurologically intact survival increased significantly with bystander defibrillation and chest compressions.
A study published in the Journal of Internet Medicine Research found that over 90% of low-income inner-city pregnant and postpartum women use smartphones to give and get information. The researchers suggest using cellphone interventions to improve health outcomes among this population.
Researchers at NYU develop a virtual IPE curriculum that improves collaboration and care delivery among nursing and medical students. The study finds that virtual learning is an effective and efficient tool for IPE, with no disadvantages over blended-learning approaches.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine suggests that taking diabetes medication glitazones may lower the risk of developing Parkinson's disease by 28%. Researchers analyzed data from over 160,000 diabetes patients and found a significant association between glitazone use and reduced incidence of Parkinson's.
Researchers adapted rock imaging methods to study fungi on paper, revealing that fungi grow similarly to mushrooms and can be embedded within paper fibers. This new insight enables conservators to develop effective conservation strategies for paper artefacts.
Two new Hoya species, H. ruthiae and H. bakoensis, have been discovered in Borneo, showcasing the island's rich plant diversity. The study highlights their unique characteristics, such as H. ruthiae's lack of colored sap and H. bakoensis' epiphytic growth habit.
Researchers have identified two proteins in blood and cerebrospinal fluid that increase significantly after traumatic brain injury, suggesting they could be used to detect trauma-related brain damage. These biomarkers, UCH-L1 and GFAP, correlate with direct evidence of brain damage and may aid in assessing brain injury following TBI.