Researchers found elevated cytokine levels in blood and brain of individuals with suicidality, distinguishing them from non-suicidal patients. This study contributes to understanding the role of immune system dysfunction in major psychiatric disorders, potentially leading to more personalized medicine.
Tropical Depression Kujira made landfall in northeastern Vietnam on June 24, as NASA's Aqua satellite captured visible images of the storm. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center reported the storm's weakened maximum sustained winds of 30 knots.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed segmented, screw-like spikes to improve material bonding in industrial coatings and 3-D printing. The new structure, mimicking marine sponge spines, offers a stronger internal structure lasting longer than previous approaches.
A new study suggests that vaccinated people who are infectious but symptom-free may be transmitting whooping cough multiple times throughout their lives, exacerbating the outbreak. The research highlights the importance of getting vaccinated, especially for children, as the primary source of protection against severe disease and death.
Astronomers detect faint radio signals of ionized carbon in distant galaxies, suggesting these ancient systems were less chemically evolved than expected. The findings reveal that even normal-sized galaxies in the early Universe can exist, but with lower dust concentrations and higher velocities.
A new study finds that having a supportive best friend can positively contribute to resilience and self-reliance in young people from disadvantaged backgrounds. The research also reveals significant gender differences in how boys and girls cope with adversity through their friendships.
A tiny tooth plate fossil, dated to over 40 years of neglect, has revealed new insights into the earliest origins of teeth in vertebrates. The study's findings suggest that teeth evolved from body scales in primitive fishes, pushing back their origin on the evolutionary tree.
Researchers from the University of Southampton and international partners discovered glowing corals with a range of fluorescent colours in deep waters of the Red Sea. The team hopes that these pigments could be developed into new imaging tools for medical applications.
A new polymer-piezoelectric hybrid material has been designed to perform computations based on changes in the environment or movement, potentially responding to human vital signs. The material system is small and flexible, allowing it to be integrated into fabrics or shoes.
Researchers at Wayne State University aim to determine contaminant prevalence in urban agriculture soil, identify risk factors and develop guidance for safe and sustainable gardening. The project will provide urgently needed information on physical, chemical and biological contamination in urban agricultural environments.
A MU researcher team assessed 16 nursing homes' HIE readiness and found most used technology within the home, not to communicate with external units. The researchers developed a more integrated system to streamline communication and identify key players' needs.
Astronomers have discovered a massive cloud of hydrogen, dubbed 'The Behemoth,' evaporating from a warm Neptune-sized planet orbiting a nearby star. The phenomenon may help explain the existence of Hot Super-Earths and provide insights into how planets lose their outer layers.
Stem cell transplantation has been shown to accelerate healing in laboratory rats with severe burns. The treatment uses bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which enhanced local blood supply, modulated the immune system, and secreted growth factors with anti-inflammatory properties.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute are accelerating development of anti-diabetic compounds, focusing on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARG) and overcoming glitazone safety concerns. The new grant aims to inform clinical development and assess effects on bone.
The study provides a powerful tool for guiding strain design and protocol optimization, facilitating the development of next-generation biofuels. It elucidates the complex system-level orchestration of metabolic reactions, gene regulation, and environmental cues during clostridial ABE fermentation.
Research presented at EHRA EUROPACE - CARDIOSTIM 2015 found that uninterrupted NOAC therapy during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was not associated with periprocedural bleeding or thromboembolic complications. The study included 549 patients and showed similar results for continued NOACs versus vitamin K antagonists.
A meta-analysis published in The BMJ found that women who experience a stillbirth have up to a fourfold increased risk of stillbirth in a second pregnancy. Pregnancies should be closely monitored, and antenatal interventions offered for women at high risk. Improved care and research are needed to address this major public health concern.
A study examining cesarean section delivery and autism spectrum disorder found an initial association between the two, but further analysis of sibling pairs revealed no causal link. The study suggests that unknown genetic or environmental factors may contribute to the increased risk of both cesarean section and autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers found that weight loss in combination with vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced chronic inflammation. The study, which involved over 200 postmenopausal women, showed that those who lost 5-10% of their baseline weight saw a 37% reduction in inflammatory biomarkers compared to the placebo group.
Researchers have identified a key mechanism behind diabetes-related heart damage and developed a potential treatment strategy. By targeting the movement of sugar molecules and enzymes inside heart cells, they were able to restore normal function in diabetic rat hearts.
Scientists at the University of Chicago have successfully aligned over 99% of nuclear spins in silicon carbide, a crucial step towards developing practical spintronic devices. The breakthrough uses infrared light to cool and align spins, allowing for operation at room temperature.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool for early pancreatic cancer detection. Glypican-1-enriched circulating exosomes were found to be present in small amounts of serum from patients with pancreatic cancer, showing high specificity and sensitivity. Early detection of pancreati...
Researchers from UiT The Arctic University of Norway have imaged deep Arctic Ocean methane seeps for the first time using a custom-designed system. The images reveal over 1000 active seep sites at depths of over 1000 m, providing valuable insights into gas hydrate and climate change.
A new $20,000 grant from the National Geographic Society will support Chan Kin Onn's research on revealing the hidden diversity and riverscape genetics of reptiles and amphibians in Malaysia. Through genetic analysis and ecological niche modeling, Chan aims to catalog and conserve species threatened by habitat destruction.
Researchers at Columbia University found that students who wrote about values important to them showed improved academic performance and challenged negative stereotypes. The study used text mining to analyze thousands of essays written by middle school and college students.
Scientists have developed nanoscale hybrid materials for noninvasive cancer diagnosis, offering improved image resolution and minimal toxicity. These hybrid materials combine strong fluorescence, high photostability, and great biocompatibility, making them promising for clinical bioimaging applications.
The first species of Yeti Crab, Kiwa tyleri, has been discovered in the East Scotia Ridge hydrothermal vents of Antarctica. This unique crab thrives in high densities at extremely low temperatures and relies on bacteria for nutrition.
A multimillion-dollar research partnership at the University of Alberta is developing small molecules that can reactivate a patient's immune system to fight cancer. The team plans to have a 'lead structure' drug ready by the end of the second year, with the potential for human trials by 2020.
Girls are at a higher risk of overuse injuries in high school sports, with girls track, field hockey, and lacrosse showing the highest rates. Varying movement and prioritizing rest and nutrition can help prevent these injuries.
A QUT study found that compulsive snacking when not hungry is a major cause of weight gain. Volunteers who were offered extra chocolate snacks despite feeling full consumed more, with those eating most being heavier and more impulsive. Repeated snacking without hunger poses a risk factor for weight gain.
Scientists at the University of South Carolina and University of Florida have created a new system for studying gas flow in narrow tubes with single-file atom movement. By comparing these nanotubes to wider tubes, researchers aim to understand fundamental processes involved in gas separation and membrane technology.
A study found that ERs misdiagnosed UTIs and STIs in women nearly half the time, resulting in unnecessary antibiotic use. The misdiagnoses were often due to similar symptoms and abnormal urinalysis results.
Researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have discovered a way to design nanowires for LEDs that use less energy and provide better light. By using X-ray microscopy, they can pinpoint the optimal structure of these tiny wires, leading to more efficient core/shell designs.
A new study suggests that virtual reality therapy may help people with alcohol dependence reduce their craving for alcohol. The therapy involves exposing patients to situations that trigger fear and anxiety, then teaching them to manage those situations in real life.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed a new device that can track chemical signals within cells, allowing for faster and more accurate detection of cancerous growth. The device uses digital microfluidics to deliver rapid sequences of chemicals, enabling scientists to study cell responses in unprecedented detail.
A new laser-based technique called multi-exposure speckle imaging (MESI) aims to provide accurate blood flow measurements during neurosurgery. The technology has the potential to transform images and enable surgeons to distinguish healthy arteries from blocked ones, allowing for better assessment of problem areas.
The BMJ investigation reveals a sharp divide within the public health community regarding e-cigarettes and 'harm reduction'. Experts debate the products' potential to help smokers quit and the tobacco industry's true intentions. Some argue for collaboration with the industry, while others fear it may be a Trojan horse.
Scientists successfully identified tumor DNA shed into the blood and saliva of patients with head and neck cancer, offering a promising new screening test. Saliva tests fared better for oral cavity cancers, while blood tests excelled in detecting cancers in the larynx, hypopharynx, and oropharynx.
Plant breeders are developing salt-tolerant grass to conserve water, using treated wastewater in turf grass cultivation. The research found that additive genetic effects play a crucial role in salt tolerance, allowing breeders to select for desirable traits.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have created an organic bioelectronic device that can receive chemical signals and relay them to human cells, mimicking the function of a human nerve cell. This innovation has the potential to improve treatments for neurological disorders by bypassing damaged nerve cells.
The report highlights the urgent need to scale up AIDS efforts, get serious about HIV prevention, and continue expanding access to treatment in countries most affected by HIV. The Commission recommends increasing resources for HIV prevention, treatment, and research, as well as robust governance and accountability.
Astronomers discover active galactic nuclei (AGN) exhibit flickering behavior, switching on and off every 200,000 years. This phenomenon affects star formation in host galaxies, with radiation from AGN potentially delaying or preventing the collapse of gas clouds.
Researchers discover a giant cloud of hydrogen gas being burnt off from the atmosphere of GJ 436b, an exoplanet orbiting a warm red dwarf star. The cloud forms a comet-like tail as ultraviolet light pushes hydrogen into spiral motion, with 1000 metric tonnes being lost every second.
A new study finds that as smoking declines overall, remaining smokers are actually less likely to smoke and more likely to quit. The study challenges the need to promote e-cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy, suggesting that current tobacco control policies have been successful in reducing smoking prevalence.
The University of Illinois will lead a $3.1 million project to develop all-terrain automated ground rovers for high-throughput field phenotyping. These rovers will measure crop growth using 3-D reconstruction and various sensors, enabling faster breeding of energy sorghum and other bioenergy crops.
A national cancer study has found that a tumor's DNA, not just tumor stage, is key to determining if a lower-grade malignant brain tumor may rapidly progress to glioblastoma. The findings could lead to earlier and more aggressive treatment for those tumors projected to be on the fast path.
A team of scientists has discovered a massive cloud of hydrogen escaping from the atmosphere of GJ436b, a Neptune-sized exoplanet located 33 light years away. This phenomenon may help explain the formation of hot and rocky 'super-earths' and potentially detect extrasolar oceans.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh found that the primary visual cortex controls fast responses to animal images, contradicting previous theories. The brain categorizes scenes based on small areas of shape and texture before using complex processing to identify objects.
Researchers have evaluated the best potential sources for adult stem cells to be used for treating diabetic retinopathy. They found that cells taken from donors without diabetes are more effective than those from patients' own bodies. This discovery provides a crucial framework for evaluating stem cells for future treatments.
A study published in Liver Transplantation identified younger patients and those with more severe liver disease as more likely to have potential living liver donors. In contrast, older, single, divorced, or low-income patients were less likely to have a live donor volunteer for liver donation.
Scientists at the Salk Institute discovered that telomeres play a more central role in a self-destruct program in cells that prevents tumors than previously thought. This process, called crisis, can be exploited to improve cancer therapies by targeting telomeres and making cells more susceptible to chemotherapy.
A recent study published in Research Involvement and Engagement found that research on treatments for health problems like diabetes and schizophrenia is not focused on the most important treatments considered by patients and clinicians. The study reveals marked differences between the types of treatments highlighted as priorities by pa...
Researchers reconstructed dinosaur tracks at a 154-million-year-old quarry site, suggesting carnivorous dinosaurs hunted herbivorous island-dwelling dinosaurs. The digital model reveals that the predators could have immigrated via a land bridge as sea levels dropped.
A new study conducted at the University of Iowa's National Advanced Driving Simulator found that drivers who use both alcohol and marijuana together weaved more on a virtual roadway than those using either substance independently. The study, which analyzed the effects of inhaled cannabis on driving performance, also found no double eff...
Researchers found that patients who had undergone vagotomy were protected against developing Parkinson's disease, with a risk halved after 20 years. The study suggests that Parkinson's disease begins in the gut and spreads via the vagus nerve to the brain.
Researchers discovered that the protein structure of a key membrane protein differs from a previously postulated model, providing a basis for new treatments. The study reveals how the protein pore opens and closes in response to substrate binding, offering insights into the pathogen's attachment mechanism.
A study on butterfly-coevolution with cabbage plants has provided new insights into the genetic basis of this ancient dynamic. Over 80 million years, advances in plant defense led to counter-tactics from butterflies, driving rapid species diversification.
Research aims to understand how Antarctic fish will respond to rising ocean temperatures, which could impact the food web and ecosystem. The study will focus on embryo viability, development rate, and temperature stress response in two species, and provide data for informing climate change strategies.
A months-long literature search uncovered evidence that a microscopic aquatic parasite, Blastulidium paedophthorum, is a widespread and virulent multi-host parasite in southeastern Michigan lakes. The research found that the parasite significantly impacts host fecundity without reducing Daphnia lifespan.
A study found that household contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) patients were 44% less likely to contract tuberculosis than those of drug-susceptible cases. The researchers suggest this may be due to a lower relative fitness of MDRTB strains.