A Purdue University study reveals that cancer drug decitabine combats cell damage by taking the place of nucleotide cytosine, restoring 'meaning' to garbled gene messages. An uptick in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels could indicate cancer treatment success.
A study found a strong correlation between breast arterial calcification and coronary artery calcification, suggesting that mammography could help identify women at risk of heart disease. The presence of BAC was linked to an increased CAC score, highlighting its potential as a preventive measure.
A new study found that people with more challenging jobs may live up to three years longer than those with less skilled jobs after developing frontotemporal dementia. The cognitive reserve theory suggests that higher occupational levels build connections in the brain, creating a buffer against disease.
Researchers identified 422 structural clusters of naturally-derived fragments with diverse properties, suitable for chemical biology and drug discovery. These fragments could serve as the starting point for a highly diverse library with minimal structural complexity.
Researchers found that targeted programs significantly reduced stress, anxiety, and depression in college students, while also enhancing academic adjustment and psychosocial assets. Effective skill-training programs can help prevent emotional distress and promote mental well-being in higher education settings.
Researchers at George Washington University and Case Western Reserve University have discovered two drugs that effectively treat multiple sclerosis by reversing the immune system's attack on nerve insulation, leading to increased remyelination. The study found that miconazole and clobetasol can promote myelination and enhance repair of...
Researchers from Universities of Hamburg and Aarhus decode molecular structure of two promising drug candidates from Spiegelmers for the first time. The results provide a deeper understanding of the mode of action of these substances that have already entered clinical trials.
Asteroids formed by capturing millimeter-sized chondrules with gravitational force, which then accumulated like sand in a storm. This process could also explain the formation of protoplanets and terrestrial planets, including Earth.
Researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new type of graphene aerogel using direct ink writing. The 3D printed aerogels exhibit high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and supercompressibility, making them suitable for applications such as energy storage and sensors.
Researchers discovered soy lecithin can break down oil into small droplets that bacteria can degrade, reducing toxicity. The natural surfactant outperformed commercial dispersants in lab tests.
Researchers from UTMB and Tekmira Pharmaceuticals have developed a post-exposure treatment effective against a specific strain of Ebola. The treatment uses siRNA to target and neutralize the virus, demonstrating potential benefits beyond improved survival rates.
Researchers use statistical analysis to predict the spread of invasive European earthworm species Dendrobaena octaedra into Canada's boreal forest, forecasting it will expand from 3% to 39% of the forest floor by 2056. The worms are entering the forest via roadways, altering soil pH and decomposition rates.
A recent study found that polarization in Congress has worsened, leading to a decline in cross-party cooperation and stagnated policy innovation. The analysis of over five million pairs of members revealed that the rate of cross-party cooperation decreased steadily since 1983, while same-party cooperation increased.
A recent study found that sugary drinks increase risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young, healthy adults. The research demonstrated a direct correlation between the amount of added sugar consumed and increased risk factors, including high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.
A new study suggests that cloth masks used by healthcare workers in Vietnam increased their risk of contracting respiratory illnesses. The trial found that cloth masks allowed almost 97% of particles to pass through, compared to medical masks with 44%. Experts warn against the use of cloth masks in healthcare settings.
A study of disease dynamics in a California grassland reveals fundamental principles underlying the spread of pathogens among species. The researchers found that the amount of disease on each species depended on how common it was, as well as on the abundance of its close relatives.
Researchers discovered that netrin-1 regulates the blood-brain barrier by promoting tight junction proteins. Delivering netrin-1 to mice with MS improved symptoms, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have discovered a new method to detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a bacterium that has contaminated oyster beds and sickened consumers in the Northeast. The detection platform uses genome sequencing and analysis to identify specific genes found only in the invasive strain.
Researchers have identified the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) as the potential root cause of asthma, a disease affecting 300 million people globally. Calcilytics, originally developed for osteoporosis, show promise in reversing asthma symptoms by manipulating CaSR.
Scientists at Northwestern University invented fluorescent inks that can be used as multicolored barcodes to authenticate products. The inks are invisible under normal light but visible under ultraviolet light, making them difficult for counterfeiters to mimic.
Research from Concordia University and Memorial University of Newfoundland found that the introduction of foreign species has resulted in an increase in prey per predator, which could lead to a decrease in prey species. This study sheds light on the impact of invasive mammals on the island's food web.
A Cooper's hawk in Greater Vancouver has been found with the highest levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) ever recorded, significantly higher than levels in California or China.
The Association for Molecular Pathology compiles current research on liquid biopsy approaches for cancer diagnostics. The review supports the notion that these minimally invasive tests allow for earlier diagnosis, faster and more targeted treatment, reduced costs, and increased quality of life.
Researchers found evidence supporting the idea that the last common bilaterian ancestor had tentacular appendages, a concept favored by the Russian zoological school. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of chordate animals and could help refine the classification system.
Continuous glucose monitoring may help pregnant women with diabetes give birth to healthier children by detecting changes in glucose levels throughout the day. The study found that this technology can reveal distinct patterns of glucose associated with large-for-gestational-age infants.
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute are working on a three-year NIH-funded study to analyze how mechanical forces and cellular growth factors affect human heart valve biology. The goal is to develop more natural and longer-lasting replacement valves.
Researchers discovered that birds with complex courtship displays have muscles sensitive to testosterone, enabling them to perform impressive acrobatics. This groundbreaking study sheds light on how hormones control social behavior in birds, paving the way for further research into the evolution of bird brawn.
A UK National Cancer Research Institute trial suggests that a PET scan after chemotherapy can identify patients who don't need additional radiotherapy, reducing late effects. The study found that 90.8% of patients without further treatment remained disease-free compared to 94.6% in the radiotherapy group.
A new report by the Seismological Society of America estimates that 143 million Americans are exposed to potentially damaging ground shaking from earthquakes. The average long-term value of building losses from earthquakes is $4.5 billion per year, with California, Oregon, and Washington accounting for roughly 80% of losses.
Researchers found that a toxic mushroom-based drug can suppress the POLR2A gene in cancer cells, resulting in complete tumor regression and reduced toxicity. The study's findings provide a new therapeutic approach for human cancers with common genomic alterations.
Researchers at Empa use computer simulations and 3D X-ray imaging to study back pain caused by mechanical issues. They aim to identify misalignments in the spinal column and develop personalized therapy recommendations.
Researchers found that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is not more effective than maintenance antidepressant medication in preventing depression relapse. However, MBCT may offer similar protection against depressive relapse for people with a history of multiple episodes, with no significant cost difference.
Researchers at Drexel University are exploring new spintronic materials to create more energy-efficient computing memories. By understanding the physical principles behind spintronics, they hope to develop a framework to unlock new possibilities in data storage and processing.
A recent study by the University of Liverpool suggests that the hepatitis B drug entecavir can be mass-produced for £24 ($36) per person per year, making it more accessible to developing countries. This could lead to significant reductions in liver cancer and cirrhosis cases, as well as lower death rates from Hepatitis B.
A fruit-based micronutrient and fiber-dense supplement bar improved metabolism, reduced chronic inflammation, and initiated weight loss in overweight/obese individuals. The CHORI-bar's composition is complex and required years of clinical trials to develop.
Iowa State researchers used EEG to measure brain activity and found people with high self-control took longer to contemplate high-risk situations. The study suggests that organizations should focus on internal security measures to protect sensitive information.
A team of researchers has found a new connection between physical forces and limb development in embryos, using live imaging and computer models. Their study could lead to simulations that help repair deformed limbs, potentially creating a drug to alter mechanical stress on cells.
The new chip features a data structure known as a tree, where every address is randomly assigned to a path through the tree -- a sequence of nodes stretching from the top of the tree to the bottom, with no backtracking. This approach improves efficiency by minimizing extra data needed between the chip and memory.
A new study by Tel Aviv University researchers found that an insulin-like hormone, IGF-1, increases lithium sensitivity in blood cells of patients who do not respond to traditional treatment. This breakthrough may pave the way for improving the efficacy of lithium in treating bipolar disorder.
Research reveals a gap between healthcare professionals' emphasis on dignity and patients' expectations for hands-on care. Healthcare professionals view dignity as an ideal to be delivered through everyday care, while patients focus on specific tasks such as washing, dressing, and feeding.
Researchers found that verbal updating reduced intrusive memories and distress by half compared to exposure groups. Updating also led to significant decreases in physical arousal when confronted with trauma reminders.
Scientists develop enzymes that can catalyze brand-new chemical reactions by mimicking natural evolution and optimizing active site amino acids. This breakthrough enables the creation of novel chemicals, such as aziridines, which have potential applications in pharmaceuticals.
Scientists at Walailak University and Hokkaido University report the first full 3D scan of a single biological cell, achieving micron resolution with picosecond ultrasonics. This technique allows for nondestructive imaging of living cells, opening new avenues for studying their physical properties.
A study on identical and non-identical twin pairs found that genetic mechanisms may play a role in human attractiveness to mosquito bites. The level of heritability was similar to height and IQ, indicating a strong genetic component.
A new library of authenticated canine cancer cell lines, FACC-29, has been established to aid in research and drug development. The panel includes 29 cell lines from various cancers, allowing researchers to test new treatments and predict responses.
The study found a 18% decline in recorded acts of violence against children and adolescents. Serious violence affecting all age groups decreased by 10% in 2014 compared to 2013.
Researchers found that tall and wide-plated Stegosaurus individuals were actually male and female of the same species. The differences in plate height and width were not due to growth, but rather sexual dimorphism, providing new insights into Stegosaurus behavior.
A survey of 10,000 respondents across eight Arctic states reveals major differences on cooperation with Russia and military conflict. Majorities support diplomatic approaches over strengthening military presence in the region.
Experts in British Journal of Sports Medicine say regular exercise is key to staving off serious disease, but calorie-laden diets generate more ill health than physical inactivity. The evidence suggests up to 40% of those within a normal weight range harbor harmful metabolic abnormalities.
Researchers discovered that combining artemisinins with a low dose of an anti-cancer drug can increase the effectiveness of anti-malarial drugs and overcome the parasite's defences. This finding has the potential to combat resistant malaria parasites, which are currently spreading globally.
A new study found a significant decline in hospital mortality rates among patients with cirrhosis and liver failure. The study analyzed over 780,000 hospitalizations and found that inpatient mortality decreased steadily during the period, despite increases in patient age and medical complexity.
A study published in Diagnosis found that a computer-assisted diagnosis tool, VisualDx, was used by physicians without an increase in dermatology consultations. The tool aids in diagnosing skin conditions by generating possible diagnoses accompanied by photographs from a database of over 1,300 pediatric and adult conditions.
A field study by Lund University has shown that neonicotinoid pesticides harm wild bees, affecting their growth and reproduction. Researchers found no negative impact on honeybees, but warned of the need for new evaluation methods to predict risks in real landscapes.
Invasive species can spread rapidly due to rapid evolution, contradicting previous predictions. This accelerated invasion rate is crucial for understanding ecological and socio-economic impacts of invasive species.
Researchers identified specific genetic markers in African American women with triple negative breast cancer, associated with improved survival rates. The study suggests that these molecular differences may hold the key to improving treatment outcomes for this high-risk population.
Researchers found a common genetic link between child prodigies and autism, specifically on chromosome 1. The study identified shared genetic markers in five prodigies and their family members with autism, suggesting a potential genetic component to exceptional abilities.
A new implantable device can carry small doses of multiple drugs to treat cancer, allowing researchers to measure their effectiveness in a tumor. The device was tested on mice with human prostate, breast, and melanoma tumors, showing promise in identifying the most effective treatment for each patient.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals breast milk's immune-boosting properties prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating intestinal disorder. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) blocks the activation of a protein responsible for NEC, promoting gut healing.
A genetic test that can identify desirable and undesirable bee subspecies has been created to improve biosecurity of honey bees worldwide. The test uses 95 genetic mutations that distinguish between African and European honey bees.
Scientists have discovered the first invasive lionfish in Brazilian waters, raising alarm for Atlantic reefs and native species. The discovery highlights the need for urgent control measures to protect coral reefs from the voracious invaders.