A new study found that administering antibiotics within the first hour of injury can significantly reduce infection rates in trauma patients. The study, published in the Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, included 137 patients with open fractures and found that those who received antibiotics early had much lower infection rates.
Neurons generate brain waves at distinct frequencies to communicate between brain regions, reinforcing correct guesses and weakening incorrect ones. Researchers found that beta (9-16 Hz) and theta (2-6 Hz) frequencies are used in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex during learning tasks.
Researchers found that warning signs with greater movement evoke a higher perception of risk, leading to earlier attention and stopping. Dynamic signs, such as those depicting figures running or sprinting, are more effective at grabbing drivers' attention.
Researchers at Hiroshima University developed a prototype called Sensorimotor Enhancing Suit (SEnS) to support human motion. SEnS reduces muscle load on the upper limbs, improving sensorimotor functions and enhancing the quality of life for both elderly individuals and healthy people working under extreme conditions.
A recent analysis published in CMAJ argues that Canada must ensure fair pricing of all orphan drugs to allow patient access. The study examines the case of trientine, a life-saving therapy for Wilson disease, which saw its price increase 13-fold before being rescinded.
The JIKI clinical trial found encouraging signs of efficacy for favipiravir in individuals with high or moderate viral replication and less severe visceral lesions. In contrast, patients with very high viral loads and serious visceral involvement showed no efficacy from the treatment. These findings have implications for Ebola virus di...
Researchers have discovered nearly 3,400 new microRNA-generating loci in the human genome, more than tripling existing numbers. The newly found miRNAs are tissue- and human-specific, with significant implications for understanding disease causes.
Researchers identify thiocillin as an antibiotic that activates biofilm formation in a way unrelated to its killing ability, suggesting that antibiotics may evolve to produce biofilms rather than kill other bacteria.
Scientists from GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel reconstructed pH values of northern Pacific ocean over past 120 years with monthly resolution. The study found that the pH value has been declining since late 19th century, coinciding with rising carbon dioxide levels in atmosphere.
Researchers at the University of Sydney and Regensburg found that oxytocin prevents alcohol from accessing specific brain sites causing intoxication effects, leading to improved coordination in rats. Oxytocin may help reduce alcohol's impairing effects on speech and cognition after high consumption levels
A team of researchers analyzed 49 fungal genomes, revealing that mycorrhizal fungi evolved independently in many fungal lineages. The study also found that up to 40% of symbiosis-induced genes were restricted to a single mycorrhizal species.
Scientists at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin have discovered a surprising high-spin ground state in the cationic cousin of dichromium, Cr2+, using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The team found complete localization of all ten valence electrons and maximum spin coupling, transforming an antiferromagnet into ferromagnetic.
Researchers developed 3D printed guides to help damaged nerves repair naturally by guiding the nerve ends towards each other. Successful repairs were demonstrated in a mouse model, showing promise for treating nerve injuries with reduced surgery and improved results.
Fox Chase Cancer Center has received a one-year grant from the National Breast Cancer Foundation to provide mammography screening and navigation services to underserved women. The program aims to increase access to care by bringing cancer screening into community settings via its mobile unit.
Researchers at University of Tokyo develop wearable fever alarm armband with built-in temperature sensor and power supply circuit using organic components. The device can detect high body temperatures and provide audible alerts, enhancing healthcare monitoring in infant, elderly, and patient care settings.
A study of 62 preteen girls found that those who experimented showed stronger connections between the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior insula/putamen, linked to exploring actions and body state, respectively. This could help identify teens at risk for risky behaviors.
A new approach to tackling alphavirus infections has been developed using the protein pentraxin 3, which plays a crucial role in promoting virus infection and disease. This breakthrough discovery paves the way for improved vaccine and drug development.
Research by Henry Ford Hospital reveals that breastfeeding and early exposure to bacteria stimulate the immune system, boosting protection against allergies and asthma. The study found distinct gut microbiome compositions in breastfed vs non-breastfed infants, with breastfed babies at lower risk of developing allergies.
Researchers at Nanjing University have developed a standard operation procedure to detect dietetically absorbed plant miRNAs in human plasma. The study identified six plant miRNAs with dynamic physiological patterns and kinetic absorption curves, suggesting they can exert physiological functions.
The discovery of newborn neurons in adulthood challenges dogma, but their role in behavior and cognition is unclear. Environmental factors influence the birth of new neurons, which may aid adaptation to changing environments.
A new web application developed by AU Professor Michael Bader and colleagues uses Google Street View technology to speed up researchers' data collection for sociological studies on aging in place. The app eliminates costly and time-consuming aspects of conducting research, providing a reliable tool for large-scale research.
Researchers found that C2H2-ZF transcription factors evolved to defend the genome from self-replicating parasitic DNA, known as selfish DNA. These proteins eventually took control of genes, including those involved in brain and heart development.
The draft U-M report examines seven chapters of policy options for hydraulic fracturing in Michigan, including public participation, water resources, and chemical use. The report presents information on likely strengths and outcomes to support informed decision-making.
The phase II study results indicate that palbociclib can extend disease control and produce tumor shrinkage in ER+ breast cancer patients. Researchers observed significantly longer progression-free survival in hormone receptor-positive patients compared to those with HR-negative breast cancer.
The FASEB MARC Program has selected four students and postdoctorates from underrepresented groups to receive travel awards. The awards totaled $7,400 and aim to promote diversity in the biomedical research community. The recipients include Hamid Hussaini, Ibrahim Osumanu, Isavannah Reyes, and Kimberly Herard.
A survey shows that postmenopausal women with VVA report improved satisfaction with VagiCap, a vaginal estrogen treatment. The study found that 63% of women on TX-004HR VagiCap reported an improved quality of life after just two weeks of therapy.
Tropical Cyclone Lam brought heavy rain to the Northern Territory, causing flooding in low-lying areas and river rises over the central Top End. The cyclone made landfall as a Category Four storm, with sustained winds near 55 kph.
The study found that Listeria monocytogenes adapts its metabolism specifically to the host genotype, correlating with the severity of symptoms in infected mice. Bacteria retain a 'memory effect' that reverts to a common metabolic fingerprint after laboratory cultivation.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine have identified a critical protein called C protein that enables heart muscle fibers to contract synchronously. This discovery could lead to new treatments for severe arrhythmias that cause sudden death, affecting millions worldwide.
A new injection approach shows promise as a potential weight-loss therapy by making muscles less energy efficient and increasing calorie burning. This could help people overcome their body's natural resistance to weight loss, especially for those with limited mobility.
Dr. Juan Martinez and his team are studying Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, RMSF, and MSF to identify proteins that play a role in pathogenesis and develop strategies to inhibit their function.
Scientists studied lake cores in Greenland to understand the ice sheet's response to a warm period 8,000-5,000 years ago. They found that during this time, the ice sheet was losing mass at a rate of 100 Gigaton per year, delivering an equivalent 16 cm of global sea-level rise.
A new study suggests that education 'experts' with substantial media presence but little background in education and policy research may be more influential than those with empirical expertise. Researchers found experts associated with organizations like the American Enterprise Institute received nearly 2.5 times more citations.
A study published in Journal of Biological Chemistry identifies CCL28 as a key player in inducing asthma pathology even without a viral infection. This finding opens the door for developing potent and specific CCL28 inhibitors to prevent post-viral asthma in young children.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and the University of Oslo have identified a molecule that transforms normal pancreatic cells into duct-like structures, which can become cancerous. Inhibiting this gene, PKD1, may halt progression and spread of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers discovered that DPP-4 inhibitors stimulate insulin production and increase glucagon levels, providing protection against hypoglycaemia in mice. This finding could lead to new areas of application for existing diabetes drugs.
A study investigated how GPs negotiate sick notes with patients presenting with physical vs. mental health issues. The results showed stronger doctor endorsement and patient entitlement for physical symptoms, but weaker endorsement for mental health issues.
The FASEB MARC Program has awarded $2,000 to two students from underrepresented groups to attend the American College of Sports Medicine Northwest Regional Chapter Meeting. The program aims to increase diversity in biomedical research by promoting participation and engagement among young scientists.
A recent study of YouTube videos involving alcohol intoxication found that these videos often juxtapose intoxication with humor and attractiveness, but rarely depict negative clinical outcomes. The videos frequently feature male characters, liquor brands, and positive sentiment, while less common are depictions of negative consequences.
A study on ancient settlements in the Basin of Mexico found that larger settlements were more productive and efficient, exhibiting similar urban scaling trends as modern cities. The research team analyzed data from over 2000 years and four cultural eras to estimate populations and site use intensity.
USF scientists found that statins produce a significant reduction in cholesterol levels but have failed to substantially improve cardiovascular outcomes. The researchers argue that advocates for statins have used statistical deception to inflate their effectiveness and downplay adverse effects.
A University of Pittsburgh analysis of 70 YouTube videos depicts drunkenness found little portrayal of negative outcomes, with humor often juxtaposed. The study suggests targeting men in future interventions debunking alcohol-related myths on social media.
Pushpa Pandiyan's research reveals that uncontrolled Th17 cells can lead to inflammation and health issues. Her study uses immunodeficient mice to model the process, which could lead to new treatments for infections like Candida albicans.
Astronomers have used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to capture the most detailed edge-on picture yet of a large disk of gas and dust encircling Beta Pictoris. The disk is distorted by the gravitational pull of an embedded giant planet, allowing scientists to study the effects of planetary formation on young star systems.
A new study found that lower IQ is associated with greater and riskier drinking among young adult men in Sweden. Intelligence may come before behavior, and poor performance on IQ tests may be linked to other disadvantages.
Researchers develop a new relationship between soil magnetic properties and precipitation, doubling the potential range of terrestrial paleoclimate applications. This improves understanding of hydrologic conditions in the deep past, leading to more accurate predictions of water availability and ecosystem stability in a warmer world.
A team of researchers found that T-helper cells can retain information on the specific cytokine needed to produce in response to an infection. This memory allows them to activate and release the pre-determined quantity of cytokine when faced with a new infection.
The FASEB MARC Program has awarded travel grants to 1 recipient, Chih Ching Wu from San Jose State University, totaling $1,850. The program aims to increase diversity in biomedical and behavioral research by supporting underrepresented groups.
A recent NYU study found that socioeconomically disadvantaged adults are more likely to use crack cocaine over powder cocaine, leading to higher arrest risks. The study highlights the need for fairer sentencing laws and acknowledges racial minorities' disproportionate incarceration rates.
A new review finds that people with mild cognitive impairment are 65% more likely to develop dementia if they have diabetes and over twice as likely if they have psychiatric symptoms. Lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and regular exercise may help prevent dementia.
A potent dengue-neutralizing antibody, 5J7, has been identified with a tiny amount needed to stop the infection of dengue serotype 3 virus (DENV-3). This breakthrough finding offers hope for developing effective dengue treatments.
A special issue of Biopreservation and Biobanking Journal explores China's biobanking strategy, highlighting its role in accelerating translational research. The articles discuss the country's biosample collection, analysis capabilities, and ethical management guidelines.
The HPV vaccine has been shown to be highly effective in preventing cervical cancers caused by nine high-risk HPV types. If populations are vaccinated, approximately 90% of all cervical cancers worldwide can be prevented. The vaccine was found to be safe with no significant health concerns.
A severe cold snap hit the Eastern US, with temperatures plummeting to record lows. The NASA Terra satellite captured an image of snow-covered states that appeared like they were sitting in a freezer due to Arctic and Siberian air masses.
Researchers at the University of Vermont have discovered that myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) is essential for maintaining precise tuning in the heart's muscle cells. The protein plays a crucial role in controlling the interaction between myosin and actin, allowing for synchronized contraction and efficient pumping of blood.
The TRMM Precipitation Radar observed Marcia's rapid intensification to category 5 before its expected landfall in Queensland, Australia. The satellite's data revealed a powerful hot tower at the storm's eyewall, which is associated with increased intensification.
Researchers have discovered a new role for the Cas9 enzyme in bacterial immune systems, revealing how bacteria form memories of past viral threats. By analyzing the interactions between Cas9 and other enzymes, scientists have gained insight into the mysterious process by which bacteria encode viral DNA in their genomes.
A new study found that Hispanics are more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease at a younger age than Caucasians, and are also more frequently obese and diabetic. Ethnicity is a major factor in the severity of different subtypes of ALD.
A study by University of Chicago Booth School of Business researchers found that job candidates rated as more competent and intelligent when their voice was heard or read aloud, not just when they spoke. This is because their speech conveys fundamental thinking capacity, including reasoning and thoughtfulness.
Tropical Cyclone Marcia made landfall along Queensland's coast with intense storms dropping rain at 225 mm/hour. The TRMM satellite captured a 3-D view of the cyclone, showing thunderstorm tops reaching heights of over 15.2 km.