A study among the Makushi people in Guyana reveals that men are more likely to pursue long-term relationships when women are in short supply. The researchers found that when women are abundant, men tend to seek multiple short-term partners, but when they are scarce, men value and attempt to maintain a single partner.
Weed control in conventional farming methods has a negative impact on the environment. Research from the University of Copenhagen reveals that crops like corn, grains, and beans can suppress weed growth when sown in tighter grid patterns. This results in up to 72% reduction in weed biomass and a 45% increase in grain yields.
A Brigham Young University study found that switching recess before lunch increases fruit and vegetable consumption in children by 54%. This simple, no-cost trick has the potential to improve long-term health effects and make school meal programs more successful.
A mid-level M5.6-class solar flare occurred on January 12, 2015, emitting powerful bursts of radiation. The flare's intense energy affected Earth's atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel.
A new study reveals that dinosaurs remained diverse in European ecosystems until the end of the Cretaceous period. Fossils from Spain, France, and other countries show that meat-eating and plant-eating species were present and thriving during the final few hundred thousand years before the asteroid impact.
A study published in JAMA found that US episiotomy rates decreased significantly between 2006 and 2012, from 17.3% to 11.6%, with notable variations based on insurance coverage and hospital characteristics. The decline was attributed to the restrictive use of episiotomy due to its risks and unclear benefits.
Sepsis can be a complication of almost any type of infection, including influenza. Mayo Clinic expert Dr. Steve Peters explains the difference between severe sepsis and septic shock, symptoms to watch for, and treatment options.
The first Northwestern Pacific tropical depression has formed, bringing moderate to heavy rainfall to the region. NASA's TRMM satellite observed two large bands of thunderstorms with rainfall rates of 1 inch per hour near the storm's center.
A new study suggests that the social cost of carbon is not $37 per ton as previously estimated, but $220 per ton. This higher estimate justifies rapid and early mitigation efforts to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius. The research also explores the impact on developing countries, suggesting that delaying emissions redu...
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that children whose mothers consistently supported their autonomy had higher executive functioning skills. The mother's ability to teach problem-solving skills and take her child's perspective was crucial in shaping the child's cognitive abilities.
A new study shows that cold atmospheric pressure plasma significantly reduced the number of virus particles in norovirus samples, making it a promising method for continuous disinfection of contaminated surfaces. The technology is environmentally friendly and effective against viruses with high tenacity, like noroviruses.
A new research project funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation will investigate why some diabetes patients develop painful neuritis, while others do not. The study aims to identify key factors and potentially develop preventive or inhibiting medicine.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a novel microfluidic device that allows for electroporation of adherent stem cells during differentiation, enabling the delivery of molecules in a non-destructive manner. This breakthrough has the potential to advance fundamental knowledge and state-of-the-art in stem cell research.
Scientists have discovered a novel interaction between AEG-1 and Akt2 proteins that regulates malignant characteristics of GBM, offering new therapeutic potential. Disrupting this interaction in preclinical experiments showed reduced GBM cell survival and invasion.
Experts argue that widespread hepatitis C screening may not lead to net clinical benefit, citing potential harms and a lack of strong evidence. Many patients infected with hepatitis C will not develop end-stage liver disease, rendering unnecessary treatment.
Participants with asthma had a higher risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea compared to those without asthma. Asthma duration was also found to be related to the development of new OSA and habitual sleepiness.
Researchers at Rice University found that optimizing the process of turning clinkers into cement can save a significant amount of energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. By analyzing the crystal and atomic structures of clinkers, they identified areas where defects and internal stresses affect the grinding process.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have discovered a new glass material that can store more energy than traditional lithium-ion batteries. The vanadate-borate glass exhibits improved charging capacity and stability, paving the way for more efficient electric vehicles and longer-lasting portable electronics.
A lack of regulation puts clinical physiologists at risk of causing harm to patients. Clinical physiologists must be properly regulated to ensure patient safety.
The Protein Society recognizes Chih-Chia Su and Minttu Virkki as the 2015 Best Paper Award winners for their research on Campylobacter jejuni CmeC outer membrane channel and aquaporin 1 folding, respectively. The award honors exemplary work of first authors and supports the next generation of protein scientists.
A WCS study tracked guanacos in Karukinka Natural Park, Chile, revealing their seasonal movements and conflicts with livestock. The research suggests a limited science-based harvest may help conserve this species.
A new model developed by ecologists at the University of Georgia and Pennsylvania State University projects that the Ebola epidemic in Liberia can be largely contained by June if an 85% hospitalization rate is achieved. The model takes into account various factors such as infection location, treatment, hospital capacity, and safe buria...
A recent study found that trying to suppress anger about crucial negotiation topics can lead negotiators to lose focus. In contrast, bottling up emotions related to incidental matters does not negatively impact performance.
A new study published in PeerJ found an inverse relationship between oxygen concentration and lung cancer incidence, with counties at higher elevations experiencing lower rates. The association was consistent across population subgroups and demographic variables, suggesting that inhaled oxygen may be a human carcinogen.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz aim to build a new map of human genetic variation with a $1 million grant from the Simons Foundation. The Human Genome Variation Map will provide a critical resource for both medical and basic research in the life sciences, overcoming limitations of current models.
Researchers have documented Brazilian scarab beetles living in termite nests for the first time. The beetles' larvae likely feed on the nest structure rather than roots, allowing them to survive undetected.
A Concordia University study found that bilingual children are more likely to believe that traits arise from experience, while monolinguals tend to think they're innate. This discovery has important social implications, as it suggests early second language education could promote acceptance of human diversity.
A study of nearly 375,000 US women with invasive breast cancer found that racial and ethnic groups had different rates of early-stage diagnosis and survival. Biological factors, such as tumor aggressiveness and metastatic potential, played a significant role in determining stage at diagnosis.
Research from Ghent University demonstrates a high willingness of consumers to pay premiums for GMOs with health benefits, ranging from 20% to 70%. The study highlights the potential market share of these nutritionally improved crops in regions such as China and Brazil, where nutrient deficiencies are prevalent.
A new model developed by ecologists at the University of Georgia and Pennsylvania State University predicts that the Ebola epidemic in Liberia can be largely contained by June 2015 if hospitalization rates and safe burial practices are maintained. The model, which includes factors such as location of infection and treatment, hospital c...
Scientists have found a connection between early Stone Age slaughtering tools and the emergence of modern human communication. The study suggests that teaching and perhaps even proto-language occurred around 1.8 million years ago.
Leading cardiac specialists have proposed new guidelines for donor heart allocation to increase patient survival rates. The revised system considers factors such as illness severity, waiting list mortality, and geographic variations in allocations.
China's enormous aquaculture sector is under scrutiny for its impact on global seafood supplies. The Stanford-led study suggests a more sustainable alternative using processing waste to reduce pressure on wild fisheries.
A survey of 1,465 Asian physicians found that most reported withholding life-sustaining treatment for patients with little chance of meaningful recovery. Attitudes towards end-of-life care varied widely across countries and regions, influenced by economic, cultural, religious, and legal factors.
A new study reveals that nutrient additions in vitamin waters and energy drinks are often excessive and unnecessary. The research found that most commonly consumed nutrients are already met by young Canadian adults' diets.
The Georgia State University School of Public Health has received a five-year contract to coordinate Youth Mental Health First Aid Training (YMHFA) and other professional development efforts. The program will teach citizens to support adolescents experiencing behavioral health or addiction challenges.
Researchers at Washington State University have found a brain protein called AcPb that helps regulate sleep and speeds up animal recovery from influenza. The study reveals that without this protein, animals develop more severe symptoms of infection and die at higher rates.
Researchers at TSRI have developed a more effective nicotine vaccine by targeting only the left-handed version of nicotine, eliciting four times as many antibodies. The new vaccine has shown promise in animal studies and could lead to treatments for smoking addiction.
A recent NIH report warns of dose-dependent risks of long-term opioid therapy, while an ACP policy paper tackles clinical documentation in electronic health records. These guidelines aim to improve care and documentation practices among healthcare professionals.
A team of scientists has identified the nature of fish's 'sixth sense', which allows them to detect flows of water. The research found that a unique layout of flow sensors on the surface of fish is nearly universal across species, enabling them to retrieve signals about water flow and use this information in different behaviors.
Researchers studied snake and lizard movement through sand, finding the snake's elongated shape and slippery skin reduce friction and increase energy efficiency. The study provides insights into evolutionary pressures on body shape among sand-dwelling animals.
A new pipeline combines multiple gene-finding tools to identify genetic markers for phylogenetic study from limited genomic data. The approach, MAKER2, was used to develop loci useful for phylogenetic study in the flowering plant genus Penstemon.
A hybrid of two malaria mosquito species has been found to be highly resistant to insecticide-treated bed nets, threatening efforts to control malaria in Africa. The discovery highlights the urgent need for new and effective vector control strategies.
Dr. Smylie will focus on improving access to effective treatments for illnesses disproportionately affecting Indigenous peoples, such as diabetes and tuberculosis. Her research prioritizes community partnerships and integrates Indigenous approaches to health and well-being.
Tufts researchers discovered a link between the ubiquitin and calpain pathways, leading to protein degradation and clouding of the lens that causes cataract. The study may provide insights into developing pharmaceutical and dietary approaches to delay cataract onset.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have identified how a promising drug, amlexanox, improves sugar metabolism by generating a new signal between fat cells and the liver. The findings suggest a new pathway for future treatments for obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease.
Researchers have discovered that targeting a cell 'survival' protein could help treat some lymphomas, including those cancers with genetic defects that make them resistant to many existing therapies. Removing MCL-1 causes the death and elimination of lymphoma cells that had become resistant to conventional cancer treatments.
A new study estimates that up to two-thirds of never-smoking teens are exposed to secondhand smoke inside and outside their homes, highlighting the need for smoke-free environments. The study, published in Journal of Adolescent Health, analyzed data from over 350,000 teens across 168 countries.
The Helmsley Charitable Trust has awarded over $6.4 million to three nonprofit organizations: Sage Bionetworks, the Hypothes.is Project, and the Mozilla Foundation. The grants will support innovative research infrastructure solutions that promote collaboration, data management, and open science.
A review on Urotensin II has shown its ability to modulate biologic activities in the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and central nervous system. The peptide can constrict and dilate blood vessels, making it a promising candidate for treating various cardiovascular diseases.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley have developed a new method to synthesize graphene nanoribbons from pre-designed molecular building blocks, enabling the creation of width-varying nanoribbons with enhanced properties. This breakthrough represents progress towards controllably assembling molecules into desired shapes.
A recent study by Ria Ghai has identified three genetically distinct groups of whipworms, with only one being transmissible between humans and non-human primates. This discovery has significant public health implications and highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect endangered species.
A study of 7,191 fatal accidents involving young drivers in the US found that half were under the influence of alcohol or marijuana. The researchers found no significant substitution effect between alcohol and marijuana use, suggesting increased availability may lead to concurrent use.
Only 2.2% of American physicians have DEA waivers for prescribing buprenorphine-naloxone, a treatment for opioid use disorder, with most practicing in urban counties. This scarcity limits treatment options in rural areas, leaving over 30 million persons without access to this life-saving medication.
Researchers found that sexually reproducing species are healthier and less likely to accumulate deleterious mutations over time. The study used the evening primrose plant as a model, comparing 30 pairs of species with different reproductive methods, revealing strong support for the theory that sex is beneficial for health in plants.
A Johns Hopkins study finds that protein BDNF maintains heart muscle vitality and may link depression to heart disease. The research suggests a possible biochemical explanation for the relationship between mental and physical well-being.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation identified hyaluronon as a critical substance made by the body that protects against premature births from infection. The findings suggest that HA plays a crucial role in epithelial barrier function and offers cervical protection against bacterial infections.
Researchers from RIKEN Brain Science Institute have made significant strides in understanding the mechanism of dynein's movement along microtubules. The study found that specific amino acid residues on the microtubule structure play a crucial role in activating the dynein motor, enabling directional movement and cargo transport.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified sulforaphane's ability to selectively kill cancer cells and alter gene expression in metasticized prostate cancer. The compound may work alongside existing approaches to treat advanced prostate cancer, with potential for therapeutic value.
A new study reveals a vast network of little-understood rivers and streams on Greenland's ice sheet, which could contribute significantly to sea-level rise. The researchers found that the Isortoq River's discharge was 25% less than predicted by climate models.