A new implantable device can carry small doses of multiple drugs to treat cancer, allowing researchers to measure their effectiveness in a tumor. The device was tested on mice with human prostate, breast, and melanoma tumors, showing promise in identifying the most effective treatment for each patient.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals breast milk's immune-boosting properties prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating intestinal disorder. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) blocks the activation of a protein responsible for NEC, promoting gut healing.
A genetic test that can identify desirable and undesirable bee subspecies has been created to improve biosecurity of honey bees worldwide. The test uses 95 genetic mutations that distinguish between African and European honey bees.
Scientists have discovered the first invasive lionfish in Brazilian waters, raising alarm for Atlantic reefs and native species. The discovery highlights the need for urgent control measures to protect coral reefs from the voracious invaders.
The eardrum evolved independently in mammals and diapsids, depending on lower jaw formation in mammals and upper jaw development in diapsids. The study used developmental biology techniques to overcome the lack of fossil evidence for eardrum evolution.
Scientists have developed a method to introduce non-native chromatin into cells, allowing them to systematically interrogate transcriptional signaling pathways. This approach enables researchers to propose mechanistic pathways and validate hypotheses in vivo, paving the way for potential therapeutic applications.
A patented technology called CIVO enables simultaneous testing of multiple cancer drugs in a patient's tumor, accurately predicting systemic response. This innovation has shown positive findings using multiple cancer drugs tested in xenografted mouse models and canine patients.
The Carnegie Airborne Observatory-3 (CAO-3) is a cutting-edge aircraft-based mapping system that can gather global data on ecosystem structure, biomass, and biodiversity. The new laboratory features advanced sensor capabilities, allowing for more flights and increased flexibility in operational decisions.
Researchers use geological features to predict seismic activity in regions with low historical earthquake records. Experts warn that even seemingly quiet areas can harbor significant quake risks, highlighting the need for increased preparedness and monitoring.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have found a way to alter the thermal conductivity of widely used material PZT using a small electric voltage. This breakthrough could lead to new technologies where controlling phonons is necessary, and has potential applications in computing, global communications, and other fields.
Scientists at the University of Manchester have made a groundbreaking discovery that could lead to an early test for kidney disease. They found significant differences in protein composition and structure between mice with different genetic backgrounds and sexes, which may contribute to susceptibility to kidney disease.
Researchers discovered structural brain abnormalities in white matter among those experiencing loss of consciousness due to mTBI, linked to decreased verbal memory performance. The study highlights the importance of diffusion tensor imaging in detecting subtle white matter changes associated with mild TBI.
Researchers at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Dentistry have identified Adseverin as a key driver behind bone loss associated with periodontitis and other inflammatory diseases. The protein plays a critical role in generating larger osteoclasts, leading to rapid bone loss.
The new guidelines provide a broader scope of therapeutic options for pediatric patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, aiming to limit aggressive therapy when it's unlikely to offer benefit. The guidelines specifically address the differences in biological behavior and management of these entities in children.
A team of researchers from Arizona State University found that Tau Ceti, a popular candidate for supporting life, is unlikely to have planets in the habitable zone. The star's high magnesium-to-silicon ratio could lead to unique planetary compositions and potentially habitable worlds with different geological processes.
The ADSA Foundation will publish a third edition of 'Large Dairy Herd Management' with new content, available in e-book and print-on-demand options. The book will be updated annually and distributed directly by ADSA.
Researchers found high levels of certain flame retardants in cats with hyperthyroidism, hinting at a possible link between the compounds and the hormonal disorder. The study suggests that exposure to these substances through dust accumulation on fur could be contributing factor for this condition.
Researchers at RIKEN have developed a novel method for preserving donor livers, significantly extending their viability and improving transplant outcomes. By cooling organs to 22°C and supplementing with red blood cells, the team achieved remarkable success rates, even with organs obtained after cardiac arrest.
Researchers are investigating whether plasma from Ebola survivors can help treat patients with the disease. The study aims to determine if protective antibodies in the plasma can be used safely to reduce deaths in current and future outbreaks.
A McGill research team identified over 460 Arctic beetle species, showing clear differences in feeding habits and ecological roles along latitude gradients. This suggests that beetles may quickly reflect changes in climate on soil, plants, and animals.
Researchers have identified a never-before-seen tick-borne illness transmitted by the taiga tick, which may be common in areas where the tick resides. The new species of bacteria, Anaplasma capra, causes symptoms like fever and muscle aches and can be successfully treated with antibiotics.
Intruding magma interacting with regional tectonics sparks micro-earthquakes in Chiles and Cerro Negro volcanoes. The largest quake recorded was magnitude 5.6 in October 2014, causing damage to local houses and prompting residents to seek shelter.
Physicists at University of Warsaw successfully image indistinguishable photons forming pairs through Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. The achievement enables direct observation of spatial optical phenomena involving single photons, a crucial result for quantum optics.
Scientists study the spread of diseases in plant communities by analyzing relationships between plant species and estimating individual numbers. This approach allows for community-level predictions, shedding light on why some species are more vulnerable to disease.
A team of scientists has captured live images of taste cells on a mouse tongue, showing that each taste bud contains cells for different tastes. This breakthrough complements recent studies on the brain areas associated with taste and may lead to new experiments to monitor brain activity while imaging the tongue.
Researchers discovered a gene candidate that plays a key role in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The study found a robust association between the CLEC16A gene region and common variable immunodeficiency disorder.
A new study suggests that the Garlock fault in southern California experiences 'super-cycle' changes in strain over thousand-year timescales, leading to clustered earthquakes. The findings indicate a potential large-scale coordination of earthquakes along a single fault system.
Researchers found that the butterfly's wing surface features irregular nanopillars with a random height, causing low reflection. This phenomenon allows the butterfly to evade predators and has potential applications in displays and lenses.
Recent studies confirm that NAFLD worsens heart disease and increases serum levels of cardiovascular risk markers. Additionally, a large population sample found a significant association between psychological distress and liver disease mortality. Meanwhile, inpatient mortality for cirrhosis patients has decreased by 41% in the U.S., at...
A recent study by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found a strong genetic component to how attractive individuals are to mosquitoes, linked to body odour. The research used identical and non-identical twin pairs to demonstrate this connection.
A recent study has identified a correlation between human head size, pelvis shape and childbirth difficulties. The research found that women with larger heads tend to have shorter birth canals, which may ease the obstetric dilemma.
A new study from Finland's Aalto University reveals that alternative variations from popular artists' videos may reach an audience of millions on YouTube. Researchers found three primary types of music video content: traditional, user-appropriated, and derivative music videos.
New research matches underwater volcanic eruptions with their sound signatures to better detect seafloor emissions. Shale boom is linked to increased ozone pollution concentrations in Texas areas. Titan's atmosphere changes fluctuate according to the Sun's magnetic cycle, affecting methane levels.
A study found that doctors struggle with end-of-life conversations, particularly with patients from different ethnic backgrounds, due to cultural and language differences. The survey revealed that medical interpretation is a significant barrier, and the researchers recommend training physicians to address these issues.
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to develop loss of control eating syndrome (LOC-ES), which can lead to obesity and other health problems. The study found that odds of having LOC-ES were 12 times higher for children with ADHD, suggesting a common biological mechanism linking the two disorders.
A major study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that treatments for alcoholic hepatitis, including prednisolone and pentoxifylline, are ineffective at increasing patient survival. The study involved over 1,000 patients and found that mortality rates remained high despite treatment.
A new approach has reversed Parkinson's-like symptoms in rats by delivering dopamine via biodegradable nanoparticles that crossed the blood-brain barrier without side effects. This breakthrough could lead to a new treatment for human patients.
A Case Western Reserve University researcher has won a $500,000 NSF CAREER grant to develop tiny sensors capable of detecting insecticides in Lake Erie or determining subtypes of human cancers. The technology combines antibodies with plant viruses to create a large surface area for targeting pollutants or cancer cells.
A breakthrough study published in The Journal of Neuroscience reveals the critical role of a gene associated with a rare disease in pain processing. Lmx1b mutations cause reduced pain responses in patients, but removing this gene only in the spinal cord allows mice to survive, yet results in reduced sensitivity to stimuli.
Researchers discover that artemisinin treatment can be effective against resistant malaria parasites by extending treatment duration or using proteasome inhibitors, which cause cellular stress and damage protein degradation. The study provides new hope for preventing the spread of drug resistance in Southeast Asia.
Researchers have identified a key role for Gli1+ stem cells in skull development and facial bone repair. Transplanting these stem cells into injured areas may help restore normal anatomy and facilitate brain growth, offering potential treatment options for infants with craniosynostosis and patients with facial disfigurement.
A recent study by Evan Saitta found that Stegosaurus had two types of plates: tall and wide. Contrary to previous claims, these were not separate species or ages, but rather males and females. The plates likely played a role in attracting mates and displaying sex.
Researchers at University of Queensland discovered a molecule called C5aR exacerbates inflammation and tissue damage after spinal cord injury. Administering an experimental drug that inhibits C5aR can improve recovery when given early after injury, potentially treating patients with spinal cord trauma.
A new therapeutic strategy has been identified for treating colorectal cancer with the BRAF mutated gene, which is associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of endosomal activity and P45-IKKα enzyme inhibition show promise in preventing tumour growth and metastasis.
Scientists discovered that surface oxidation significantly impacts thermal conductivity in silicon nanostructures, allowing for a huge reduction of heat conduction. Removing native oxide improves thermal conductivity, while successive re-oxidation lowers it again.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System identified a surprising contributor to Rett syndrome: immune cells bearing a mutated MeCP2 gene. These macrophages amplify disease progression by failing to maintain tissue homeostasis, highlighting the immune system as a promising therapeutic target.
A SMU-led seismology team reveals that high volumes of wastewater injection combined with saltwater extraction from natural gas wells is the most likely cause of earthquakes occurring near Azle, Texas. The study used a sophisticated 3D model to assess fluid pressure changes in the affected area.
A 24-week parent training program significantly reduced disruptive and noncompliant behavior in children with autism, compared to a parent education program. The study found that parent training led to greater reductions in behavioral problems, including tantrums and aggression.
Researchers studying sleep apnea aim to understand the link between breathing patterns and blood pressure control in the brain. The IUPUI study may lead to innovative treatments for hypertension.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found that maternal stress can increase the risk of fetal neuroblastoma in mice. The study showed that even non-stressed handling of the animals led to a faster development of cancer, suggesting that prenatal stress may exacerbate genetic mutations that promote tumor growth.
Research at University of Chicago Medical Center reveals how immune system shapes gut microbiota to limit infections, providing a potential new approach to prevent bacterial infections without antibiotics. The study identifies a critical protein ID2 that plays a key role in this process.
Researchers have successfully completed the first step in developing an insulin vaccine to prevent type 1 diabetes. The Pre-POINT study showed a positive immune response in children at high risk for the disease, with no adverse reactions observed.
A new fabrication technique allows for direct production of polycrystalline silicon on flexible surfaces, enabling the creation of wearable electronics and other applications. The method bypasses a traditional thermal annealing step, making it more suitable for use with flexible substrates.
A University of Chicago research team describes the precise mechanism used by carotid body cells to detect oxygen levels and regulate breathing rates. The primary sensor is heme oxygenase-2, which induces synthesis of carbon monoxide to stimulate or relax breathing.
A new study by Patricia Logan-Greene and Annette Semanchin Jones found that parents who chronically neglect their children are more likely to develop aggressive and delinquent tendencies in adolescence. The study suggests that improving social skills can help prevent these behaviors, particularly for boys.
A new study suggests global warming is not as fast as predicted, with natural variability accounting for recent temperature changes. This 'middle-of-the-road' scenario could result in 11-year hiatuses in warming, making it more plausible than the most severe IPCC projections.
A major trial has shown that olaparib can effectively treat advanced prostate cancer in men with defects in DNA repair genes. The results suggest that up to 30% of patients with terminal prostate cancer may benefit from the drug, which could become a treatment option if replication is confirmed in further trials.
A newly formed high-level commission, in partnership with The Lancet, focuses on law's role in addressing pressing global health concerns. The Commission seeks to define the current landscape of law affecting global health and safety and highlight opportunities for improvement.
The BMC protocol provides a set of predetermined guidelines for processing and preserving forensic evidence in surgical specimens after a terrorist attack. Key findings include the importance of identifying a team to handle all surgical specimens, obtaining labeled photographs and x-rays, and storing forensic evidence securely.
Researchers have identified the specific molecules involved in skin fusion during wound healing, using fruit fly embryos as a model system. The study reveals a complex process involving molecular machines and cellular components that work together to fuse the skin, with microtubules playing a crucial role in this process.