In a study of Australian dune ecosystems, researchers identified diverse plant strategies to acquire phosphorus from soil. As soils age and phosphorus declines, these strategies increase, enabling plants to survive in impoverished conditions.
Researchers at the IRCM have discovered a new mechanism affecting AID, a crucial enzyme for the immune response, which could lead to improved treatment for the common flu, as well as lymphoma and leukemia. The study identified a protein eEF1a that retains AID in the cell's cytoplasm, allowing it to access the nucleus and boost activity.
Researchers found that patients with anti-TP53 autoantibodies can detect ovarian cancer up to 13 months before rising CA125 levels. The study suggests a novel assay method for earlier detection of the disease.
The 2013 guidelines recommend delivering universal donor plasma to critically injured patients as part of optimized treatment with red blood cell transfusions. This approach can be consistently implemented and rapidly delivered in high-volume trauma centers without excessive wastage.
Researchers analyzed 2,028 antimalarials from Cambodia and Tanzania, finding no evidence of fake medicines, but substandard drugs were present in 31% of samples in Cambodia and 12% in Tanzania. The study highlights the importance of surveillance to protect patients and prevent drug resistance.
A new study found a 19% drop in prescription opioid supply and a 20% decrease in overdose rates following the introduction of abuse-deterrent OxyContin and propoxyphene's removal from the market. The drop was partially offset by an increase in heroin overdose deaths.
A new guideline from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Epilepsy Society aims to help doctors treat the millions of people who experience their first seizure each year. The guideline found that taking epilepsy drugs immediately after a first seizure may reduce the risk of having another seizure.
A common nerve protein, neuropeptide Y (NPY), is elevated in the blood of patients with aggressive neuroblastomas, associated with adverse prognostic factors and worse survival rates. NPY may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this pediatric cancer.
A collaborative study by the University of Colorado Cancer Center and National Cancer Institute reports TERT gene promoter alterations in 69% of bladder cancers. The study suggests these alterations may be an early precursor to the disease and could lead to genetic testing for screening.
Research finds that thinner slice thicknesses of 0.5-1 mm can accurately measure coronary artery calcium with isotropic data acquisition at the same radiation dose. This method reduces inaccuracies caused by partial volume averaging errors found in standard 3 mm slices.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center are part of two new Stand Up to Cancer Dream Teams focused on lung cancer driven by KRAS mutations and preventing high-risk ovarian cancer. The teams aim to test combination therapies and launch prevention efforts.
Researchers have described the process of blood vessel pruning on a cellular level, revealing that cells can fuse with themselves to close vessels and prevent blood leakage. This discovery sheds light on the vascular system's ability to regulate itself through plasticity.
Researchers found that global changes in cancer cells' epigenome, which control gene expression, contribute to treatment resistance. The study suggests that these changes can be predicted using biopsies taken before and after treatment.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have uncovered a novel mechanism by which the tumor suppressor gene p53 regulates PD-L1, allowing non-small cell lung cancer to grow. MicroRNA delivery with existing treatments may represent a new therapeutic approach for lung cancer.
A new study suggests statins could be a cost-effective tool for preventing heart attacks and other cardiovascular incidents in adults over age 75. However, potential side effects such as muscle weakness and cognitive impairment need to be considered.
Patrick Matthew described large-scale evolution through natural selection decades before Darwin, with some differing ideas but equal validity
A global pandemic of fake medicines threatens decades of progress in combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. Up to 41% of drug samples studied failed to meet quality standards, highlighting the urgent need for improved surveillance and detection methods.
A team from the University of Birmingham identified a novel pathway regulating immune cell movement during inflammation. The study shows that beneficial effects are lost in diseases such as diabetes and arthritis, and during normal aging. This discovery may lead to new therapies targeting this pathway.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic method called spectral histopathology that facilitates marker-free detection of individual subtypes of lung cancers. The accuracy of this method is higher than traditional histopathology, reaching over 92%, allowing for more precise diagnosis and personalized treatment options.
Researchers at University of Maryland School of Medicine discovered a key mechanism for thiazide drugs' failure in some patients, leading to the development of new treatments. The study found nearly 400 genes change their activity to help regulate salt retention, shedding light on how the body counteracts thiazides.
A study by University of Montreal and University of Western Australia scientists reveals that plants in Australian bushland use an array of root strategies to obtain nutrients from poor soils, defying expectations.
DECT imaging enhances pancreatic cancer assessment through improved lesion detection and characterization, potentially improving patient outcomes. The technique has shown promise in detecting and evaluating pancreatic tumors, offering a more comprehensive analysis than traditional single-energy CT imaging.
Researchers at UC Davis may have discovered a new way to regenerate beta cells in the pancreas, which could potentially lead to a cure for juvenile diabetes. The study's findings suggest that immature beta cells can arise from alpha cells, offering a new paradigm shift in the treatment of the disease.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a previously unknown signaling pathway in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The pathway involves protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPD2, which regulates abnormal cell growth when the HER2 pathway is activated.
New retrieval methods significantly increase filter removal success, addressing complications and long dwell times. These advancements now make retrievable IVC filters a routine procedure for pulmonary embolism prevention.
Researchers have tested an experimental immune system drug, MPDL3280A, in a preliminary human study and found it to be generally safe and well-tolerated. The therapy aims to restore the immune system's ability to recognize and attack cancer cells, with promising results in controlling disease in some patients.
A study published in Cerebral Cortex found that brain activity differs between people who improve at tapping out their heartbeat and those who don't. The researchers also discovered a correlation between brain activity and subjective performance, suggesting that brain signals can provide a marker of objective performance.
The $20 million SU2C-American Cancer Society Lung Cancer Dream Team will focus on targeting KRAS mutant lung cancer using a three-pronged approach. The team aims to develop novel therapies that combine targeted drug therapies with immunotherapies to improve patient outcomes.
Climate models assume plants will absorb more CO2 as carbon dioxide levels rise, but a new study suggests limited soil nutrients may curb this growth. The research found that nitrogen limitation could reduce plant uptake of CO2 by 19%, while combined limitations would decrease it by 25%.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found no genome-wide significant associations between genetic variants and autism spectrum disorder. Instead, the researchers suggest that clinical variability in autism may be due to factors such as epigenetic changes or environmental responses. The study's results have implications for f...
Sepsis, a life-threatening condition causing widespread inflammation and organ failure, is poorly understood despite being one of the best-known medical disorders. The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commission recommends prioritizing biomarkers, education, and public awareness to improve diagnosis and treatment.
According to a study by University of the Pacific researchers, schools are better at counting homeless students to receive federal funds but often fail to provide tailored services. The study found that increased funding led to more backpacks, school supplies, and bus vouchers than counseling or other academic support.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center identified three subsets of lung cancer with KRAS gene mutations, each with unique signaling patterns and susceptibility to different therapeutic strategies. These subsets may offer new approaches for treating lung adenocarcinoma, the most common form of lung cancer.
A study has identified molecular changes that occur in tissue after chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. The researchers found that these changes could be potential targets for new, more personalized drugs. The findings have the potential to advance treatments for ovarian cancer.
Research reveals FGFR1 amplification in 22.7% of small cell lung cancer tumors, implying applicability to non-small cell lung cancer treatments
Researchers from Yale-NUS, NUS and UT Austin develop a theoretical framework to understand the elastic and electronic properties of graphene. The findings provide insights into creating hybrid materials with band gaps necessary for semiconductors.
A phase I trial found a new combination of immunotherapy drugs to be safe and effective in shrinking tumors in patients with metastatic melanoma. The dual treatments, which target the immune system's 'brakes' and 'gas,' resulted in an overall response rate of 27% and median progression-free survival of 2.5 months.
Researchers successfully migrated immune cells to tumor sites in patients with mesothelin-expressing tumors. The treatment showed no major adverse events, suggesting patients tolerated it well, with T cells targeting and surviving at tumor sites for up to 28 days.
Researchers found that long-time consumption of soyfoods boosts immune response against breast tumors, reducing cancer recurrence. Genistein in soyfoods activates anti-tumor immune responses and reduces immunosuppressive mechanisms.
Researchers have found that broccoli sprout extract can protect against oral cancer in mice and has shown protective changes in the lining of the mouths of healthy human volunteers. A human clinical trial is underway to explore its potential in preventing head and neck cancer recurrence.
A new study by NYU Steinhardt found that an educational app can accelerate learning and improve phonological awareness in low-income preschoolers. The app, Learn with Homer, was effective in boosting school readiness skills, closing the 'app gap' in access to technology for disadvantaged children.
A new study by University of the Pacific researchers finds that foster youth need formal programs for financial and academic assistance to improve their college graduation rates. The study highlights the challenges faced by former foster kids in college, including limited computer skills and lack of financial support.
Research shows obesity is a key shared risk factor for cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, contributing to 20% of cancers and 58% of type 2 diabetes. Collaboration between researchers from different disciplines could lead to better understanding of how these factors drive diseases.
According to TALIS survey results, US teachers work largely in isolation, reporting less engagement in collaborative efforts. This lack of collaboration may hinder student learning and teacher development.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, shrank or stabilized tumors in most patients with pleural mesothelioma. The medication was safe and showed promise for treating this rare and deadly form of cancer.
A gene expression model called COXEN predicts canine osteosarcoma response to doxorubicin, potentially allowing veterinary oncologists to choose the most effective drug. The approach validates human models used to predict drug response in clinical trials.
African-American women with ER+ breast cancer experience poorer outcomes due to increased activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, reducing sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. Strategies targeting this pathway could improve therapy effectiveness.
TOPOFEN, a proprietary gel formulation of ketoprofen, has demonstrated greater improvement in pain assessments and faster time to pain response compared to placebo in moderate and severe migraine sufferers. The study results suggest that TOPOFEN can be a safe and effective alternative treatment for patients suffering from acute migraine.
Canada's Province of Ontario has implemented successful education reform initiatives through cooperation and experimentation, with an emphasis on inclusivity. Key findings include the importance of feedback from diverse stakeholders, inclusive policies for native peoples, and addressing out-of-school problems.
Education researchers say college rankings may be doing more harm than good, with institutions criticizing their methods and influence on choice trends. Experts are proposing a research agenda to better understand rankings methodologies and their impact on consumers and institutions.
A NYU study found that high-impact college experiences like internships and studying abroad have a relatively small influence on career outcomes immediately after graduation. Instead, attending a selective institution and pursuing a job-related major significantly improve earnings and attitudinal outcomes.
Margaret Foti, AACR CEO, will receive the Children's Champion Award for her outstanding pediatric cancer advocacy efforts. The award recognizes her leadership in advancing research and treatment for children with cancer.
A new study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine has reevaluated the safety of droperidol for sedating emergency patients with acute behavioral disturbance. The study found that droperidol is effective and safe when used alone, but combinations with benzodiazepines may increase adverse effects.
A team from Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University have devised a 3D printer that layers together laser-cut sheets of fabric to form soft, squeezable objects with complex geometries and integrated circuitry. The printer combines fabrics and wiring to create interactive objects such as bunnies, doll clothing, and phone cases.
A survey of French people aged 40-75 found that many incorrectly believed low cigarette consumption was risk-free for lung cancer. Only half of current smokers considered themselves at higher risk than the average population.
A new study found that students are more likely to intervene and defend a fellow student based on values of altruism, leadership, courage, having LGBT friends, and beliefs in justice. With up to 28% of LGBT students reporting threats or injuries at school, the findings can help shape new programs to make schools safer.
David Baltimore is being recognized for his groundbreaking discoveries in immunology, virology, and cancer research. He will present a lecture on microRNAs, leukemia, and hematopoietic stem cells homeostasis at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015.
A new DNA blood test can identify EGFR mutations in lung cancer patients without accessible tumor tissue, showing an 89% agreement rate with tissue testing. The test's sensitivity was found to be around half of that of traditional tissue testing.
A new study published in Psychology of Women Quarterly found that young women who spend more time reading magazines and on Facebook are more likely to experience self-objectification. The researchers discovered that Facebook users tend to compare their appearance most often to peers, rather than family members or celebrities.
A new study by the University of Sheffield identified six distinct groups of obese individuals, each requiring unique strategies for weight loss and healthy lifestyle promotion. The research suggests that targeting interventions according to an individual's 'type' could lead to more effective and efficient use of NHS services.