Researchers found that victims of bullying fare worse in the long run than maltreated children, with those who experienced both facing increased risk of depression and self-harm. The study suggests a need for more efforts by schools and policymakers to address bullying.
Scientists have identified two new species of creeping water bugs, Ambrysus cayo and Procryphocricos pilcopata, found in streams in western Belize and southeastern Peru. The discovery highlights the vast unexplored world of aquatic insects, with many still to be discovered before it's too late due to habitat destruction.
A University of Iowa team is working on a minimally invasive approach to repairing damaged cartilage and preventing osteoarthritis. They have created an injectable, bioactive hydrogel that encourages self-healing of cartilage damage.
Research finds artificial light from coastal communities and shipping alters marine invertebrate communities, affecting fouling and ecosystem services. The study warns of potential impacts on coral reefs and other sensitive environments.
A study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that many teens who have experienced child sexual abuse engage in sexting, receive online solicitations, and meet with strangers they met online. This increases their risk of revictimization.
A new study by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found that social and psychological problems caused by drinking generally trump physically hazardous drinking behaviors when it comes to overall mortality rates. Light drinkers reported surprisingly high percentages of problems, with 48% experiencing some issue with alcohol in t...
A new IVF technique uses open microwell setup to screen embryos before implantation, potentially increasing success rates. The method allows researchers to select the most viable embryos on a case-by-case basis, reducing the number of cycles and costs.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal found that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly increases the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Researchers discovered a 34% increased risk overall and an almost doubling of SCD risk after five years of diagnosis.
A new USGS study tracked 19 wild-caught Burmese pythons to reveal their home range and habitat use patterns. The research found that pythons share common areas within the park, which may be optimal locations for control efforts, and provides insights into the snakes' movement patterns during wet and dry seasons.
A new study found that childhood obesity has distinct causes depending on the age of the child. In toddlers, weight gain is largely influenced by parental factors, while adolescents experience weight gain across the entire age group, regardless of parentage. The study suggests that public health strategies may need to be tailored accor...
Chemists have designed four new atomic arrangements of gold nanoparticle clusters, exhibiting lower potential energy and greater stability than previous configurations. The arrangements could inform the use of these nanoparticles in transporting pharmaceutical drugs and removing pollutants from industrial byproducts.
A new genetic mutation in the GLP1R gene has been found to decrease the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by 14 percent. The discovery could lead to personalized treatment and prevention strategies for millions of diabetics worldwide.
Researchers found that male flour beetles can detect chemical cues on females indicating sperm competition and adjust their courtship efforts accordingly. When females exhibit the scent of one to three rival males, males increase their reproductive investment.
Researchers used high-throughput sequencing to analyze fecal DNA of saddleback tamarins, identifying 20 families and genera of invertebrates consumed. This study complements behavioral observations and ecological sampling, providing insight into the monkeys' foraging strategies.
Caltech scientists develop nanodevices that can measure the mass of individual molecules and reveal their three-dimensional spatial distribution, crucial for identifying large protein complexes. This technology enhances protein identification and analysis, improving odds in discovery mode.
A recent study published in Geology has shown that parrotfish play a pivotal role in providing the sands necessary to build and maintain coral reef islands. The research found that parrotfish produced over 85% of the new sand-grade sediment on reefs around island communities in the Maldives.
A team of Brazilian and English zoologists has developed a comprehensive guide to identifying 19 species of planktonic copepods from the 'de la Plata' basin, the second largest river basin in South America. The study provides detailed information on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationships, and identification keys for each sex.
Researchers focus on olfactory and cognitive optimization to improve canines' scent recognition and memory. The goal is to expand their recognition of odors within diverse elements and in what ratios, as well as determine how long they retain scent memory.
Researchers developed a powerful new model to help decision makers choose cost-effective barrier removal projects, doubling habitat accessible to migratory fish. The study found that coordinated efforts across the entire basin are nine times more cost-effective than local or county-level efforts.
A recent UM study found that oil and gas development has transformed vast areas of North America's rangelands and croplands, leading to vegetation loss and fragmentation of wildlife habitats. The research estimates that over half a million acres of land are lost annually, equivalent to 120.2 million bushels of wheat.
Scientists at University of Otago challenge traditional understanding of enzyme evolution, finding evidence of rapid evolution and ancient catalysts. The research has implications for designing proteins with biomedical applications.
A new study published in the International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy found that diphenhydramine, an active ingredient in Dr. Cocoa's Nighttime formula, significantly inhibits cough reflex sensitivity in adults with acute pathological cough, commonly known as a cold.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine finds that children with ADHD are significantly more likely to develop an eating disorder akin to binge eating. The research suggests a common biological mechanism linking the two disorders, highlighting the need for developing new treatment strategies.
Theoretical work suggests water vapor could have existed in pockets of space a billion years after the Big Bang, with temperatures around 80 degrees Fahrenheit allowing for its formation. The team found equilibrium levels similar to those seen in our local universe.
Diran Apelian, Worcester Polytechnic Institute professor, received the Audubon Society's Joan Hodges Queneau Palladium Medal for his work on sustainable resource recovery and recycling. The medal recognizes his efforts to encourage cooperation between engineers and environmentalists.
Scientists capture first high-res images of flaring magnetic structures known as solar flux ropes, providing insights into massive eruptions on the Sun's surface. The images were taken with NJIT's newly commissioned 1.6m New Solar Telescope at Big Bear Observatory.
A clinical trial by Joslin Diabetes Center found that adjustable gastric band surgery and intensive group-based medical diabetes and weight management program achieved similar improvements in controlling blood sugar levels after one year. Participants experienced significant weight loss and better quality of life with both approaches.
Northwestern Medicine researchers have identified a specific bacteria as the cause of a rare and deadly lung transplant infection. The bacteria can be successfully treated with antibiotics, saving other patients who had contracted the infection.
Researchers found that simultaneous inhibition of multiple Class 1 HDACs led to improved memory restoration and synaptic growth in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests a promising new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder.
A study by New York University researchers found that small high school reform leads to improved graduation rates and test scores in both new and existing larger schools. The reform resulted in a 13 percentage point increase in graduation rates among students in small high schools compared to those in continuously operating schools.
The New York Botanical Garden is supporting the creation of World Flora Online, a global effort to create an authoritative online resource about all known plant species. The project aims to protect Earth's biodiversity and provide free access to verified data on over 350,000 plant species.
Researchers used mathematical equations to study how flowing fluid hinders bacterial movement in search of food. The findings suggest that slender bacteria get trapped in high shear regions, affecting their ability to find food but potentially aiding surface colonization.
A recent study found that over 50% of National Forest land in the northern Sierra Nevada is designated to promote mature, closed-canopy forest, while many bird species prefer undergrowth and habitat outside reserves. The study suggests a need to balance old-growth forest management with diverse forest habitats for all species.
Researchers have discovered a salty aquifer beneath the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica, which could provide insights into ancient climate change and the potential for microbial life. The discovery was made using a novel sensor system that penetrated below the surface of large areas of terrain.
A retrospective review of 633 patients found that younger age, small body weight, and certain valve types significantly increased the risk of re-intervention. Patients under 18 years old had a five times greater risk than adults, with younger children being more likely to require surgical or cardiac catheterization re-interventions.
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission successfully launched a unique formation of four identical spacecraft to study magnetic reconnection, driving space weather events that disrupt Earth's orbit. The Goddard-developed Navigator GPS receiver enabled precise navigation and tracking in weak signal areas.
A WSU study will place microphones in popular gathering spots of traumatized Washington State communities to determine effective journalism that respects community members. The project aims to provide a platform for community voices and handle the emotional trauma faced by journalists covering disasters.
Researchers at the University of Montreal found a complex link between feelings of being unsafe, poverty, and childhood obesity. Youth who experienced chronic poverty were more likely to be overweight despite higher levels of physical activity, suggesting a key role for feeling unsafe in perpetuating obesity.
A successful UK programme reducing salt content added to foods was derailed due to changes in the coalition government. Salt reduction led to a decrease in blood pressure and death from stroke and ischaemic heart disease.
Researchers have successfully detected cyclotron radiation from single electrons, a phenomenon predicted in 1904, and developed a new method to measure the energy of electrons. This technique has the potential to determine the mass of neutrinos, which are essential for understanding the universe's large-scale structure.
A new study reveals that species migrations between North and South America began around 20 million years ago, contradicting a long-held assumption that the Isthmus of Panama formed 3 million years ago. This finding has significant implications for understanding how biodiversity in the Americas developed.
Researchers investigated wood supply and demand in Bavaria by 2035, finding that using wood as a building material first reduces ecological benefits. Wood scarcity could lead to increased imports and substitute products, affecting jobs and carbon balance.
A randomized trial by Yale researchers found that patients given buprenorphine in the emergency department were more likely to engage in addiction treatment and reduce illicit opioid use. They also had fewer resources used, compared to those who received only referrals or brief interventions.
A new study has identified a temporary, but potentially troublesome unintended consequence of male circumcision: an increased risk of infecting female sexual partners while the wound heals. The study found that nearly 30% of HIV-positive men were shedding the virus two weeks after surgery, compared to less than 10% before circumcision.
Scientists propose whitening Arctic Ocean to restore sea ice, but research shows it would not effectively cool the climate or prevent methane release. The study found that ocean whitening could lead to wetter and milder winter conditions in some regions.
A study found that early separation of cow and calf has long-term effects on social behavior, stress responses, and motivation in dairy cows. Animals raised with maternal contact showed improved heart rate regulation and higher activity during isolation.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that the protein dDsk2, a ubiquitin receptor, plays a key role in regulating gene expression. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the link between dDsk2 and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's.
A recent study by Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research has made a significant breakthrough in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind Parkinson's disease. The researchers discovered that disruption of a developmental mechanism, Lmx1b, leads to the death of dopamine-producing neurons, resulting in the symptoms of PD.
Researchers proposed a new constitutive model to accurately describe the thermo-elasto-plasticity deformation of metal crystals at various temperatures. The model uses a simple and efficient approach, considering thermal expansion and its effects on plastic behavior.
A study by Ohio State University found that people with low self-esteem related to their weight are more likely to have visible food in their homes, eat unhealthy foods, and experience depression. The home environment may contribute to obesity, but it's not a clear cause-and-effect relationship.
A new computerized vision-screening test, the Jaeb Visual Acuity Screener (JVAS), has been developed to identify children with subnormal visual acuity. The test uses a set testing algorithm to minimize subjective tester bias and provides simple pass/fail results for four age groups.
A novel liquid crystal technology allows displays to flip between transparent and opaque states, increasing visibility while reducing the need for power. The new design remedies previous problems with scattering and absorption, providing a faster response time and improved energy efficiency.
Rates of C. difficile infection were highest in the Northeast region and during the spring season over the last decade, according to a study published in the American Journal of Infection Control. The study found that adults and older adults followed overall trends, with pediatric CDI being highest in winter.
Researchers developed real-time sensors that can detect trace amounts of heavy metals and bacteria in private well water. The technology has been licensed to six companies, including three Wisconsin-based firms, for use in water equipment and treatment processes.
A new study found that lung cancer surgery patients have a higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTEs) than previously thought. The study, which analyzed data from 157 patients, showed that the incidence rate was 12.1%, with most events occurring after discharge from the hospital and without symptoms.
A new study reveals that diverse sea creatures have evolved to swim with elongated fins using the same mechanical motion, maximizing speed and ensuring survival. The researchers found a consistent ratio of 20, known as the optimal specific wavelength (OSW), which is a key finding in understanding convergent evolution.
A new study published in Behavioural Ecology found that elderly crickets' behavior becomes more entrenched with age, making them less responsive to changing environmental conditions. This suggests that older individuals may struggle to adapt to changes in climate, habitat, or diet, potentially affecting their survival prospects.
Scientists have discovered that uncertainty in causal relationships is the main factor in determining one-shot learning. The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex evaluates such uncertainty and activates one-shot learning when needed. This finding could lead to new approaches for helping people learn more efficiently.
Researchers present strong evidence for the coronal heating theory, suggesting that tiny explosive bursts of heat called nanoflares are responsible for heating the sun's atmosphere. The new findings come from NASA's EUNIS sounding rocket mission and NuSTAR X-ray observations, providing insight into the solar corona.
Research during the Beijing Olympics found a correlation between reduced air pollution and higher birth weights among pregnant women. The study suggests that pollution may interfere with fetal growth, particularly in late pregnancy.
Researchers have identified five new species of blueberry relatives in Colombia, showcasing the country's rich biodiversity. The newly discovered species exhibit unique morphological characteristics and are found primarily in the Western Cordillera and Chocó biogeographic region.
A UCL-led team used high-energy synchrotron X-rays and thermal imaging to track lithium-ion battery damage in real-time. The study found that internal structural damage can spread to neighboring batteries, causing severe failure.
A comprehensive survey of resources used and removed in the world's largest metropolitan areas reveals that megacities consume significantly more energy and produce more solid waste than other regions. Despite having a relatively small percentage of the global population, megacities generate a substantial proportion of global GDP.
A study by Rutgers University-Newark researchers found that emotional disclosure reduces victim blaming, with witnesses who express disturbing thoughts and feelings blaming victims less than those who suppress their emotions. The research suggests people can best help victims by addressing their own emotional needs.
A study found girls with ASD were diagnosed at a mean age of 4 years compared to 3.8 years for boys, while girls with Asperger's syndrome were diagnosed at 7.6 years versus 7.1 years for boys. Girls struggled more with social cognition and had less severe mannerisms.
A prospective multicentre observational study examined the relationship between polygamy and cardiovascular health. Men with multiple wives had a higher risk of coronary artery disease, left main disease, and multivessel disease, with risks increasing by up to 4-fold.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study found that nearly 14% of chlamydia infections and over 30% of gonorrhea infections in women would be missed with standard genital-only screening. Extragenital rates were significant, particularly among younger women.
A team of scientists from UT Knoxville has discovered extensive salty groundwater networks in Antarctica using SkyTEM technology. This finding supports the presence of subsurface microbial ecosystems and provides insights into glacial dynamics and ancient climate change.
A Cancer Research UK study found that only a third of bowel cancer patients received physical activity advice, despite evidence showing its link to better survival rates. Most patients who received advice were more likely to be physically active than those who didn't.
By using a superconducting island to mediate interaction, researchers increased radiation pressure coupling by a millionfold, enabling observation of quantum phenomena in larger structures. This breakthrough paves the way for studying mechanical oscillations at the level of a single photon.
A study of over 8000 patients found that surgeons with higher volumes are less likely to perform high-risk pneumonectomies, leading to better long-term survival. The researchers suggest that surgeon experience is an important factor in determining surgical outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer patients.
A study found that wound healing and lower plasma viral loads are associated with less HIV shedding from male circumcision wounds. The likelihood of viral shedding increases initially but decreases as wounds heal.
The world's largest science experiment is expected to start proton collisions in early June, with no significant signs of new physics yet observed. Physicists are eager for anomalies and unexpected results that could change our understanding of the Standard Model.
A recent study compared cardiac surgery residents to attending physicians performing coronary artery bypass grafting and found similar patient outcomes and graft patency. Residents acted as primary surgeon in majority of surgeries, but with proper supervision, they achieved comparable results to attendings.
Researchers at TU Wien and MedUni Vienna have developed artificial blood vessels that are biocompatible and can be broken down by the body. The new material has excellent mechanical properties and allows for the growth of natural tissue, making it a promising solution for bypass operations.
Research identifies structural and functional brain differences between children with dyslexia and dysgraphia and typical language learners. The study suggests that providing instruction tailored to each specific learning disability is essential.
A vaccine targeting the viral protein Tat shows promise in boosting an HIV-infected patient's immune system, increasing CD4+ T cell count and reducing latent virus DNA load. The results suggest a new treatment scenario to investigate intensified antiretroviral therapy with a vaccine.
The Mississippi Delta is facing an uncertain future due to the combined effects of sea-level rise and land subsidence. The study uses precise GPS data and tide gauge records to measure subsidence rates, revealing that parts of the delta may not be viable in the long term.
Recent research on 5G has systematically overviewed latest progress on network architecture and promising techniques, including NOMA, MIMO, and cognitive radio. The study highlights potential key areas of research to overcome the spectrum crisis in global wireless communications.
Scientists at NPL have developed a new optical method for directly measuring sound pressure, providing direct traceability to fundamental SI base units. This method can be used to calibrate any acoustic device without assumptions regarding geometry and sound field characteristics.
A new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution suggests that technological innovations in hunting weapons may not have been a driving force behind the colonization of Europe by anatomically modern humans. The researchers found that stone tools used by humans around 40,000 years ago appeared in Europe earlier than previously th...
The Cal-BRAIN program awards $1.92 million in seed grants to 16 interdisciplinary teams at 10 UC campuses and other institutions to advance neurotechnology research. The projects focus on measuring brain activity through various strategies, aiming to improve treatments for brain disorders.
Genetic markers have been identified for large offspring syndrome (LOS) in cattle, a condition that can cause physical abnormalities and fatalities in newborn calves. This discovery may lead to safer assisted reproduction procedures by allowing breeders to avoid genetically predisposed embryos.
A two-week international diet swap study found that changing from a Westernized to an African high-fiber, low-fat diet reduced biomarkers of cancer risk in both African-American and rural South African volunteers. Increasing fiber intake and reducing animal fat and proteins may help lower colon cancer risk.
Researchers have made significant progress in cell transplantation therapy, demonstrating improved outcomes for patients with complete spinal cord injury and potential treatments for Parkinson's disease. Studies also show that human pluripotent stem cells hold promise for treating the disease.
Researchers mapped human genes triggered by soy phytonutrients, revealing a complex role in breast cancer prevention and promotion. Soy flour stimulates tumor-suppressing genes, while purified isoflavones stimulate oncogenes, promoting tumor growth.
Researchers challenge previous convention that males were much larger than females in the early hominid species Australopithecus afarensis. The study uses Lucy and Kadanuumuu as templates to determine size variation and finds moderate levels of sexual dimorphism within human-like species
A new study describes the benefits of an active post-discharge intervention program for patients who have undergone thoracic surgery. The program resulted in shorter hospital stays, fewer emergency room visits, cost savings, and no increase in adverse outcomes.
Physicists at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München use game theory to explain how bosons, which like to cluster together, form multiple groups. This understanding has led to insights into superfluidity and technologies like superconductivity.
Researchers from Finland and Europe have discovered a method to convert heat into spin current in magnetic superconductors, enabling faster data writing processes. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize memory technology, making it more efficient and faster.
A church-based education program led by trained community members helped Latino adults with diabetes adopt healthier lifestyles, including reduced high-fat food consumption and increased exercise. Participants reported significant improvements six months after the program concluded.
Severe thunderstorms swept through central Texas on April 26, 2015, generating heavy rainfall and large hail. The GPM Core Observatory satellite captured a 3D view of the storms, revealing some reaching altitudes above 7.7 miles.
A study found that women who breastfed their babies had a lower risk of breast cancer recurrence, with the strongest effect seen in those who breastfed for 6 months or more. The protective effect was most pronounced for tumors of specific genetic subtypes.
Researchers at TUM and IME identified a protein complex on rubber particles responsible for the formation of polyisoprene, the main component of rubber. The study found two key proteins necessary for natural rubber biosynthesis in dandelion plants. This discovery brings biotechnological manufacturing of rubber closer.
A study of over 1,300 women service members and veterans found that fewer than a third sought post-assault health care, despite growing awareness and efforts to deter sexual crimes. Researchers identified embarrassment, confidentiality concerns, and adverse career impacts as key factors preventing servicewomen from seeking care.
Researchers found that measuring time in days instead of years can make future events feel closer and prompt people to start planning earlier. Participants planned to save four times sooner when considering time in days compared to years, even after accounting for age, income, and education.
Researchers using airborne imaging system SkyTEM detect extensive, interconnected aquifers deep beneath glaciers and lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. The findings provide evidence for previously unknown microbial life and challenge assumptions about liquid water's presence beneath ice sheets.
New research finds that childhood bullying has a greater negative impact on teenager's mental health than being maltreated, with bullied children five times more likely to experience anxiety and nearly twice as likely to report depression and self-harm at age 18.
A new study from Loyola University Medical Center found that female infants tend to do better than males when born prematurely, achieving independent oral feeding at 36 weeks and four days on average. Researchers also discovered that being born before 29 weeks of pregnancy negatively influences the ability to eat independently.
A recent study found that women are at a higher risk of persistent memory impairment after a concussion, with brain scans revealing reduced activation in working memory circuits. The study's findings suggest that female gender may be a risk factor for working memory impairment after mild traumatic brain injury.
Researchers developed a hybrid approach combining core-loss spectroscopy and ultrafast four-dimensional electron microscopy to visualize structural dynamics of atomic-scale materials. The technique revealed tiny electronic changes in individual atoms within a material on ultrafast time scales.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found that administering neuregulin from birth can stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation and improve heart function in infants with congenital heart disease. The study suggests that early treatment may prevent long-term damage and symptoms of heart failure later in childhood.
A recent survey of Caribbean reefs found that overfishing removes the predators of sponges, resulting in a greater than threefold increase in coral overgrowth by sponges. This is particularly concerning for corals already threatened by warming seawater temperatures and diseases.
Difficulty paying medical bills is a significant predictor of foregone medical and prescription drug care. The study examines how unaffordable medical expenses can lead to cyclical relationships between health, employment status, and financial resources.
A leading public health doctor argues that calorie counts should be mandatory on all alcoholic drinks to address obesity concerns. The Royal Society for Public Health supports this move, as a recent survey found that many consumers are unaware of the calorie content in common drinks.
A study by Lisa White and colleagues found that parasite half-life is a key predictor of artemisinin-resistant malaria, but the current definition of resistance is inaccurate. The researchers suggest refining the definition to account for parasite load at the start of treatment.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that children who experienced bullying had worse long-term mental health problems than those who were maltreated by adults. The research, led by Professor Dieter Wolke, analyzed data from over 5,000 participants and found that being both bullied and maltreated increased the risk of o...
A new study found that living liver donors experienced lower sexual function at evaluation phase and three months after surgery. Donor education prior to surgery may help ease concerns and improve recovery.
Researchers analyzed data from 20 states to determine the average cost of saving electricity through utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs. The study found that efficiency programs and participants split the cost almost equally, with home lighting programs driving costs down.
Researchers observe complex biochemical interactions between nerves and cancer cells, challenging conventional wisdom on perineural invasion. This dance-like movement allows cancer cells to invade nerves, leading to poor patient survival and severe complications.
Research highlights silicon's importance in rice production, enhancing resistance to pests, pathogens, and abiotic stresses. Recycling of rice straw is crucial for maintaining silicon availability, particularly in regions with low soil weathering.
Research reveals that selectively-logged tropical forests, which account for 30% of global rainforests, contain up to 64% dead wood, leading to increased carbon emissions. This study suggests that a large proportion of forests worldwide are less sinks and more sources of carbon dioxide.