Researchers used fMRI to analyze brain activity in response to speech in ASD toddlers, finding distinct neural substrates for good and poor language outcomes. The study's findings may lead to more individualized treatments for the heterogeneous condition.
A new study finds that effective new hepatitis C drugs are extremely costly, with some treatments costing between $94,500 and $189,000. The state of Rhode Island would need to spend almost twice its entire prison health budget to treat all its chronically infected inmates.
Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital scientists successfully used amniotic stem cells to promote blood vessel growth in hydrogels, enhancing tissue repair for infants with birth defects. The study paves the way for biocompatible patches for congenital heart defects.
Natural language processing can help track quality of care at individual provider, service line, and health-care systems levels. The Regenstrief Institute's Center for Biomedical Informatics is utilizing natural language processing to improve care and provide information to those who need it.
A new study found that serious life events in childhood, such as death or illness in the family, divorce/separation, and conflicts, can triple the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that psychological stress may be a key factor in this increased risk.
UT Arlington researchers have developed a way to fabricate nanoscale pillars that can lead to more energy-efficient transistors in electronic devices. The innovation could result in a tenfold reduction in energy consumption, reducing the need for frequent battery charging.
A DNA study of bacteria samples from the 2012 Edinburgh outbreak found four subtypes of Legionella that probably existed at the source for months. The genetic diversity of these bacteria suggests that tracing future infections may be challenging, with possible influences on disease severity.
A team of researchers from Plymouth University is studying a protein called Bim, which causes cell death in the brain and regulates autophagy and apoptosis. They aim to understand how Bim levels increase in Huntington's disease and test the effectiveness of a Bim-derived peptide in treating the disease.
Researchers have calculated the size of Mars' glaciers using radar observations and ice flow modeling. The ice is found in belts around the planet, between latitudes 300-500, and is equivalent to covering the entire surface with 1.1 meters of ice.
A study of over 13,000 twins found that genetic inheritance can explain 40-50% of the differences in children's motivation to learn. The results suggest that personality differences inherited from parents have a major impact on motivation, challenging the idea that environment is solely responsible.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have gained a clearer understanding of the origin recognition complex (ORC), a protein complex that directs DNA replication. The crystal structure shows how ORC's main body has five subunits, including one that protrudes from the core to contact another subunit.
A new study reveals that gay and lesbian job seekers are 5% less likely to receive job interview invitations in the UK compared to heterosexual applicants. The study found significant disparities in job offers across various sectors, with gay men facing the most challenges in traditionally male-dominated occupations.
A new study found that combining traditional assessment tools with data from nurses' assessments significantly improves the ability to predict survival in cirrhosis patients. This may help improve patient outcomes by identifying patients who can benefit from rehabilitation and intensifying their nutritional support.
A study using agent-based modeling found that providing systems to low-income households at little or no cost would have done more to stimulate rooftop solar system adoption than the current incentive-based approach. Increasing economic benefits and peer influence also showed modest effects on adoption rates.
Researchers at MIT and Whitehead Institute discover that glioblastoma cells rely on enzyme GLDC to break down glycine, which can be exploited to kill cancer cells. Blocking GLDC activity could offer a new approach to combating brain tumors.
Researchers found a negative relation between atmospheric nitrogen emissions and plant diversity in Switzerland, with a 19% loss in phylogenetic diversity. High nitrogen deposition favors few highly competitive species, leading to decreased overall plant diversity.
A new study by Heather Mattila reveals that inadequate access to pollen during larval development has lasting effects on adult honey bees' performance and productivity. The study found that pollen-stressed bees were lighter, died younger, and had impaired foraging and waggle dancing abilities.
A new suite of interactive mini-apps called Intellicare provides personalized therapy for depression and anxiety. The app uses a recommender system to suggest tailored apps based on user feedback and preferences.
A team of researchers used various techniques to study niobium diselenide, a material that exhibits short-range charge density wave order and pseudogap behavior across large temperature ranges. They found that increasing temperature or doping leads to the loss of coherent electronic excitations and the emergence of an energy gap.
A single infusion of the experimental 3BNC117 antibody significantly reduced HIV levels in infected individuals, with some remaining sensitive to the antibody for up to 28 days. The study's findings suggest that 3BNC117 is safe and potentially effective in controlling HIV levels.
Tropical Cyclone Ikola's winds decreased to 35 knots after being affected by strong northwesterly vertical wind shear. The storm's dissipation was predicted by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, with its maximum sustained winds weakening rapidly.
Researchers have identified a new compound produced by freshwater bacteria that is effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis and other infections. The discovery provides a promising alternative to current treatments and could help combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that pesticide exposure contributes to heightened cardiovascular disease risk and inflammation in premenopausal women. The research suggests that endocrine-disrupting chemicals like DDT can aggravate complications of obesity, including...
Astronomers have detected large amounts of complex organic molecules, including methyl cyanide, in the protoplanetary disc surrounding young star MWC 480. This discovery suggests that these molecules are common in the universe and may be delivered to environments nurturing life.
A new study simulates Cabo Verde's public health using a computer model to predict the spread of disease and the efficacy of interventions. The results suggest that accelerating four efforts already underway across the country could reduce annual new HIV cases below 10 per 10,000 residents.
Researchers at UCSF have visualized the TRPA1 protein, also known as the 'wasabi receptor', at near-atomic resolution. This discovery provides valuable insight into how anti-inflammatory pain drugs can be designed to target this receptor.
A new computer simulation approach found that muscles play a bigger role in injury risk and prevention than previously thought. The study shows that individual pitchers can be at high or low risk of elbow injury depending on their muscle strength, highlighting the importance of targeted training and accurate assessments.
A study of 32,501 melanoma cases found that 1 in 5 patients experienced a delay of surgery lasting longer than 1.5 months. Surgical delays were more common among older patients and those with prior melanoma or multiple medical conditions.
A test for 77 genetic risk factors showed a significant link between a woman's polygenic risk score and her breast cancer risk, with those in the top 20% being 1.8 times more likely to develop breast cancer than average women.
A study published in PLOS ONE created a 3D model of the Chinese giant salamander's bite, revealing its feeding mechanism involves capturing prey in front and biting quickly to the side when approaching. The analysis shows the salamander's unique skull architecture may be related to this ability.
A nationwide study in Sweden found that men convicted of sex crimes are more likely to have relatives who also commit similar offenses due to genetic factors. The study suggests a substantial family risk increase and may inform preventive treatment strategies.
Scientists discover complex organic molecules in a protoplanetary disk surrounding a young star, hinting at the universality of prebiotic chemistry. The presence of these molecules, particularly methyl cyanide, suggests that protoplanetary disks are efficient factories for forming complex organic compounds.
The Maternal and Child Health Handbook helped increase antenatal care visits, identify pregnancy complications earlier, and reduce passive smoking in Mongolia. The study found that 82% of women attended clinics 6 times or more, with a significant impact on maternal and child health.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center opinion argues that announcing the causality could save lives. The link between UV tanning and skin cancer is supported by eight out of nine criteria used to determine a causal relationship in disease, including strength of association, consistency of association, and temporality.
Coral reefs can recover if a minimum target of 500 kilograms of fish biomass per hectare is maintained. The study found that most degraded reefs lack key species and require time for recovery, with estimated times ranging from 35 to 59 years.
A new study published in the Genetics journal estimated that humans carry an average of one to two recessive disease mutations, which can cause severe genetic disorders or prenatal death. The study used a unique community's detailed family histories and genealogical records to estimate the number of mutations per person.
A new variety of broccoli, enriched with glucoraphanin, has been shown to reduce blood LDL-cholesterol levels by an average of 6%. The compound is converted into sulphuraphane in the body, which activates genes that help balance metabolism and reduce cholesterol production.
Researchers at University of Maryland generate new isotopic fingerprint of the moon, reconciling accepted model with surprisingly similar Earth and moon fingerprints. The findings suggest a thorough mixing of debris before forming the moon, supporting an explosive and interconnected past.
A study by Professor Rama Khokha found that genetically modified mice without TIMP1 and TIMP3 experienced youthful breast tissue, with stem cells remaining functional throughout their lifetime. The results challenge the assumption that large numbers of stem cells increase cancer risk.
A team of researchers from the University of Cambridge has proposed that electromagnetic waves are generated by symmetry breaking in dielectric materials. This discovery could enable ultra-small antennas for wireless communications and aid understanding of electromagnetism and quantum mechanics crossover.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that people who participated in arts, crafts, and social activities in middle and old age were less likely to develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to those who did not. Computer use was also associated with a reduced risk of MCI.
A study found that the PIK3CA gene mutation, previously thought to be a promising target for breast cancer treatment, may not drive the disease. Instead, it appears to be associated with benign proliferation. This new information will impact future drug development and replication studies.
Researchers found that northern Europeans rejected farming during the Neolithic period, unlike southern and central regions which adopted it. This discovery reveals two cultural trajectories in Europe thousands of years ago.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine found that Wolbachia can block dengue virus infection in mosquitoes, leading to a significant reduction in transmission. The discovery has the potential to improve strategies for controlling dengue outbreaks, particularly in regions with low or moderate intensity of transmission.
A National Institutes of Health study found that an over-the-counter allergy medication, chlorcyclizine HCl (CCZ), limits hepatitis C virus activity in infected mice. The results suggest CCZ could be used to treat the virus in people, potentially providing an affordable alternative to costly options.
Researchers have successfully slowed down light to 180 km/h using a glass fiber, allowing for the storage of photons and potentially enabling quantum communication over long distances. This breakthrough technology uses cesium atoms coupled to an ultrathin glass fiber to transfer photon information in a controlled manner.
A study by San Diego State University scientists found that children with autism have overdeveloped connections between the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, affecting brain function. This early development leads to muscle in on brain real estate for higher cognitive functions.
A study found that butterflies, such as Oakblue butterflies, use various chemical strategies to mimic plants and avoid ant attacks. The larvae are able to survive on specific plant species without being attacked by the ants.
The study of over 160,000 postmenopausal women revealed no significant link between lung cancer risk and reproductive history or hormone therapy. However, some subgroups showed reduced risks for specific types of lung cancer, emphasizing the need for further research into complex relationships.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found a direct link between shorter height and higher risk of coronary heart disease. The research, led by Professor Sir Nilesh Samani, used genetic data to show that every 2.5 inches change in height increased the risk by 13.5%.
Scientists investigate how cheese affects gut health and cholesterol levels, finding a link between high cheese consumption and reduced 'bad' cholesterol. Recent studies have cast doubt on the notion that saturated fats are harmful, and this research further supports a role for dairy products in maintaining heart health.
A new study led by Monash researcher Dr Pascal Molenberghs found that brain activity in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex increases with guilt when participants imagine unjustified violence, but not when imagining justified violence. The research provides insights into how people justify extreme violence in certain situations, such as war.
Osteoporosis-related fractures in China are expected to double by 2035, with costs rising to approximately US$25.58 billion by 2050. The study also found that women account for 73% of total costs, sustaining three times more fractures than men.
Researchers using brain-controlled prosthetics can gain real-time feedback on neural activity, allowing for the study of how the brain encodes information and changes with learning. This technology holds promise for developing new treatments for epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological disorders.
A new study estimates that using a diagnostic test for candidemia can reduce hospital costs by up to $5,858,448 per year. The T2Candida Panel provides species-specific Candida detection and identification directly from whole blood in 3-5 hours.
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based screening program identified pancreatic lesions in 40% of high-risk patients, with 5 requiring surgery. The study suggests that MRI can detect cancer or premalignant lesions with good accuracy, reducing costs and increasing availability compared to more aggressive methods.
Researchers from CSIC have determined the orbit of Annama, a new characterized meteorite, and found similarities with a potentially dangerous asteroid. The study suggests that Annama may be linked to an asteroid of about 400 meters in diameter, posing a potential threat to Earth.
A study by Umea University found that stroke patients have a double risk of attempted suicide compared to the general population. The risk is highest among those under 55 years old and those with low education or income.
A study by UNSW medical researchers found that maternal exercise during pregnancy reduced offspring's body weight, insulin and blood glucose levels in male rats. Female offspring showed only modest improvements, highlighting the sex-specific effects of maternal exercise on metabolism.
A study found that individuals on insulin experienced significantly higher levels of inflammation compared to those living in lower traffic areas. People taking oral diabetes medications did not show the same increase in inflammation, suggesting a potential protective effect.