A long-lived patch of warm water off the West Coast has been wreaking havoc on US weather patterns, causing droughts, unusual fish sightings, and altering marine ecosystems. The study also explores its connection to the 'polar vortex' and finds a link between the Pacific Ocean's surface temperatures and extreme winter conditions.
Researchers found that mice lacking the estrogen-related receptor alpha gene exhibit abnormal behaviors related to eating and social interactions. The study identifies ESRRA as a key gene contributing to the risk of anorexia nervosa, with implications for treating the disorder.
Researchers have discovered that the skull of a Daspletosaurus, a large tyrannosaurine dinosaur, suffered numerous injuries during life and also after death. The injuries included bites that healed, as well as those inflicted after death by another tyrannosaur, indicating evidence of combat between two large carnivores.
Researchers at the University of York have found a potential new treatment for organ-confined prostate cancer using low-temperature plasmas. The study, published in the British Journal of Cancer, suggests LTPs may be a viable alternative to current radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy treatments.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center found that administering selenide intravenously after cardiac arrest significantly protects heart tissue, reducing damage by 88%. The nutrient selenium is taken up by injured tissues and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress.
A new study by University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that executives in strong business networks are more likely to overpay their colleagues. The researchers conducted three experiments with 520 students and found that larger networks can lead to a greater tendency for deception.
Researchers found that combining mental practice with physical therapy significantly improves sensation and motor function scores in stroke survivors. The treatment helps regain motor behaviors by recruiting new neurons and compensating for damaged brain cells.
A new clinical trial results show that ibrutinib continues to control Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, with a median overall response rate of 91% after 19 months of treatment. The disease shows sustained benefit in patients who survived for two years.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that gratitude was associated with better mood, sleep, and reduced inflammation in patients with asymptomatic heart failure. Writing down things for which they were thankful daily also showed reductions in inflammatory biomarkers and improved heart rate variability.
Women with ductal carcinoma in situ breast cancer underwent axillary lymph node evaluation at high rates, defying guidelines. The study found that 17.7% of women undergoing breast-conserving surgery and 63% of those who had mastectomy underwent axillary evaluation.
Research demonstrates dynamic nature of fecal microbiota in FMT donors and recipients, with healthy changes sustained for up to 21 weeks after transplant. The study's findings have implications for the regulation of treatment and could influence the use of fecal transplants for a range of diseases associated with microbial imbalance.
Researchers found that a gene affecting breast milk production influences gut bacteria development in infants. Breast milk sugars nourish specific bacteria, shaping the infant's gut microbiota.
Researchers created a highly efficient automated tool to deliver nanoparticles and other large cargo into mammalian cells at a rate of 100,000 cells per minute. This breakthrough enables new scientific research and potential medical applications, such as studying disease development and understanding cell responses.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum discovered that Hedione, a magnolia scent molecule, activates the human pheromone receptor VN1R1, triggering sex-specific brain activities. This effect differs from traditional olfactory perception and may be related to the release of sex hormones.
In April 2015, NASA's MODIS instrument detected areas of high temperature indicative of bushfires in Western Australia. The fires were up to 24 hours old and occurred during the region's long dry summer, highlighting the region's fire-prone landscape.
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) has ended its 17-year mission, providing critical rainfall data for tropical cyclone monitoring, flood detection, drought monitoring, and disease monitoring. TRMM's legacy lives on through the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, which succeeds and improves upon the TRMM project.
A team of researchers from The University of Texas at Arlington is exploring ways to use geothermal energy to make bridges and overpasses safer during winter weather. By pumping groundwater through a circulation pipe, they can warm the bridge deck to melt ice and snow, reducing treacherous road conditions.
The Indian government's spending cuts will exacerbate inadequate health services, according to experts. The cuts will lead to delays in achieving universal access to healthcare and will persist huge shortfalls in healthcare staff and infrastructure.
A group of scientists, economists, and agriculture experts is working together to develop sustainable farming practices that minimize environmental pollution. The goal is to increase food production while ensuring farmers can make a living and the environment remains healthy.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered G proteins signaling on membranes inside cells, controlling Golgi trafficking and enzyme secretion. Inhibition of protein GIV was shown to delay enzyme secretion and inhibit key cancer-driving signals.
Researchers found a decrease in pediatric melanoma cases in the US from 2000-2010, with an overall decline of 12% per year. The number of new cases decreased in boys and adolescents, particularly those with good prognostic indicators.
A University of Illinois Chicago study found that a neighborhood's small yards have a greater impact on the variety of native birds than larger landscape features. The researchers identified bird-friendly landscaping features such as fruit-bearing trees and shrubs to increase bird diversity in backyards.
A study published in BMC Health Services Research found that early physical therapy following an initial episode of acute low back pain resulted in lower healthcare costs and reduced use of resources. Patients who received physical therapy within 14 days had significantly lower costs for advanced imaging, injections, surgery, and opioids.
A new stem cell disease model reveals how a protein known to prevent tumor growth in most cases may drive bone cancer when genetic changes cause its overproduction. The study focused on rare genetic disease Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, which increases the risk of many cancers, including osteosarcoma.
Research published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology suggests that being underweight in middle age is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. In contrast, obese middle-aged individuals are nearly 30% less likely to develop dementia than those of a healthy weight, contradicting previous research findings.
A genetic mutation associated with an increased risk of developing eating disorders in humans has been found to cause obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors and social impairments in mice. The study identified estrogen-related receptor alpha as a contributing gene to the risk of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.
UGA researchers have identified a hormone receptor that plays a key role in regulating female mosquito reproduction, enabling them to produce eggs after consuming blood. The discovery fills a major gap in understanding how mosquitoes reproduce and could potentially lead to strategies for controlling mosquito populations.
New zircon dating evidence challenges accepted theories on the rise of the Isthmus of Panama and its impact on global climate change. The closure of the Central American Seaway is now dated to 13-15 million years ago, contradicting previous estimates.
UMass Medical School scientists are developing a novel technology using CRISPR gene editing to excise latent HIV virus from infected cells. The goal is to create a functional cure by precisely cutting the DNA of the latent virus out of an infected cell.
Researchers have created tiny gold nanoparticles that exhibit nature's most intricate patterns, marking the first time a nanoparticle of this size has been crystallized and its structure mapped out atom by atom. These patterns are responsible for the high stability of the particles.
Researchers discovered that cancerous tumor cells in soft-shell clams are contagious and can spread from one animal to another. The study found that the cancer originated from a single lineage of tumor cells and has persisted ever since.
Human beings learn from both statistical associations and communication, with communication playing a vitally important factor in the learning process. Infants as young as 18 months can learn to associate objects with actions through verbal and non-verbal cues.
Greater variability in neural activity may reflect more flexible information processing, supporting better cognitive performance in aging adults. Researchers found that greater BOLD variability was associated with improved memory and fluid intelligence tasks.
A USC research team led by Cheng-Ming Chuong has discovered that plucking hair in a specific pattern can trigger the growth of new hairs in mice. The study used quorum sensing to understand how the hair follicle system responds to injury and found that it recruits immune cells to secrete signaling molecules that promote hair growth.
Researchers have identified six chemical compounds that inhibit HuR, a protein promoting tumor growth. The findings hold promise for treating various cancers and could lead to a novel class of cancer therapies.
Researchers at NIFS and Kyushu University have discovered a new mechanism that stops plasma flow when the magnetic flux surface is disturbed. This observation is significant for nuclear fusion research and has implications for understanding plasma behavior in the universe.
A new study found that Google image search results for CEO and other professions underrepresented women, affecting perceptions of professionalism and competence. The study suggests that image search algorithms should be changed to counter occupational stereotypes and raise awareness among designers.
Researchers identified proteins and DNA regions binding to epigenetic changes in melanoma progression. Knocking out these proteins made the tumor less aggressive and more responsive to existing treatments.
A team of scientists created a microscope that can examine a full working battery in action, revealing how recharging leads to microscopic debris and cracks. The study aims to design cheaper and more powerful rechargeable batteries using metals like magnesium or aluminum.
A new priority program funded by the German Research Foundation will develop next-generation optogenetic tools with higher light sensitivity. The program aims to expand optogenetics' application in basic research and medicine, particularly for treating vision and hearing impairments, Parkinson's disease, and cardiac diseases.
INRS Professors Patrizio Antici and Tiago Falk have been appointed to the Global Young Academy for their groundbreaking research in health, materials science, and cultural heritage. Their work aims to develop new technologies and solutions for society's pressing challenges.
A study published in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery found that facial rejuvenation surgery can improve perceptions of likeability, social skills, attractiveness, and femininity in women. The study measured changes in personality perception after surgical procedures, including face-lifts and eyelid surgeries.
NASA's RapidScat instrument provided data on Tropical Cyclone Joalane's surface winds, revealing that the strongest sustained winds consolidated over a 24-hour period. The cyclone intensified, developing an eye with maximum sustained winds of 92 mph/148.2 kph.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical are exploring a novel mechanism for Filovirus detection using llama antibodies, which could lead to more sensitive diagnostic tools for Marburg and Ebola viruses. The goal is to develop streamlined tests that can detect all known and emerging strains of these viruses.
The international collaboration measured lawrencium's first ionization potential with a novel technique, achieving excellent agreement with theoretical calculations that include relativistic effects. This validation confirms Lr's position in the Periodic Table and opens new perspectives for studying superheavy elements.
Engineers can now predict how complex carbon nanostructures form through a new understanding of the forces involved. By analyzing these structures, designers can create nanotube forests with desired mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, leading to breakthroughs in various industries.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a wealth of genetic diversity in pancreatic cancer, including multiple mutated genes that were previously unknown. The study also revealed potential diagnostic biomarkers and defined cases where certain drugs are selectively effective against specific mutations.
Researchers have discovered that manipulating porosity in processed foods can increase the release of salt during chewing, allowing for reduced salt content without sacrificing flavor. By controlling pore size and number, food manufacturers may be able to create lower-sodium alternatives to popular snacks.
Researchers have identified various ways that HER2-positive breast cancer tumors resist therapy and discovered a potential combination therapy to overcome multiple mechanisms of resistance. A novel combination of lapatinib and a BET bromodomain inhibitor was found to block the growth of cancer cells, making the activity of lapatinib du...
A new study from Tufts University found that diets high in glycemic load, such as those with refined grains and sugars, are associated with more weight gain. In contrast, protein-rich foods like fish, nuts, and yogurt are linked to weight loss, while dairy products with lower fat content do not seem to impact weight gain.
Researchers found that neural activity in language-sensitive brain regions in infants and toddlers with ASD was similar to normal in those who developed good language ability, but nearly absent in those with poor outcomes. The study's results have the potential to predict later language outcome by early childhood.
Researchers found a significant excess of obstetrics beds in NYC hospitals, resulting in wasted resources and estimated annual costs of $26.4 million. Reducing cesarean section rates by even a small percentage could lead to large savings and improved patient access to care.
The Milky Way's star formation rate peaked 10 billion years ago, but our sun formed about 5 billion years ago. This may have fostered the growth of our solar system's planets by enriching the galaxy with heavier elements.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology discovered that a cloud of atoms can exhibit multiple temperatures at once. The experiment utilized a microchip to cool the gas near absolute zero, allowing scientists to measure its behavior. This breakthrough helps understand the fundamental laws of quantum physics and their relationship...
Researchers found that young sea turtles (6-18 months old) swim actively and disperse through ocean currents, reaching favorable habitats. This discovery has huge implications for understanding early sea turtle survival and behavior.
Researchers analyzed whole genomes of seven mountain gorillas, revealing genetic adaptations to small populations and a surprisingly low number of harmful genetic variations. This new understanding provides valuable insight into how apes adapt genetically to living in small populations.
Seth Bordenstein's research aims to understand the regulation of bacterial infections passed from mother to offspring. The study will test three hypotheses to pinpoint animal genes that control microbe density.
Leading cognitive scientists at Carnegie Mellon University question the lack of female contributors in a special issue of the journal Cognition. Despite having 11 women on its faculty roster, only one female author was listed among 19 authors for 12 articles.
A study found that combined sewer overflows can lead to a significant increase in emergency room visits for gastrointestinal illnesses, contaminating drinking water sources. The researchers analyzed data from three areas with combined sewer systems and found a 13% increase in ER visits after extreme precipitation events.
Scientists discovered that Lake Erie's dead zones are variable and move erratically, affecting fish distributions and catch rates. Fish like yellow perch cluster at the edges of these areas, making it essential to determine effective fishing strategies.
Researchers have found that the Ebola virus uses a protein called VP35 to remove its genetic material's protective coat, allowing it to replicate. Disrupting this process could potentially stop the spread of the disease.
A study by the University of Louisville found that children with neurological disorders experience a higher risk of flu complications, yet vaccination rates remain suboptimal. Parents and healthcare providers often have misconceptions about the vaccine's safety and effectiveness.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center review the potential of combining genomically targeted therapies with immune checkpoint blockade drugs to attack cancer. The approach shows promise, but more support is needed to accelerate progress and minimize side effects.
Scientists have discovered that ferromanganese crusts, up to 26 cm thick, record past climate changes in the Arctic. The crusts' slow growth rates and geochemical fingerprints of their source regions provide valuable information on ocean currents and climate conditions over millions of years.
The Ohio Supercomputer Center has dedicated the Ruby Cluster, a high-performance computing system built with HP-Intel Xeon Phi technology, to honor Ruby Dee. The cluster boasts an estimated peak performance of 144 TeraFLOPS and will support research collaboration, commercialization, and workforce development across Ohio.
The iPerform Center for Assistive Technologies aims to create software for assistive technologies, with a focus on creating software. Researchers expect to attract more industry partners and collaborate with other centers on campus.
A study published at Temple University reveals that the dispersant used in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill is more toxic to cold-water corals than the spilled oil. The researchers found that a lower concentration of dispersant was lethal to the corals, highlighting the potential risks of using these chemicals to clean up oil spills.
A recent study published in The Lancet Neurology has found that a clot-busting drug called alteplase can benefit stroke patients without increasing the risk of bleeding. Researchers analyzed over 3,000 people and discovered that patients with early tissue damage from strokes still benefit from receiving the drug.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have received a grant to investigate the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in various cancers, including breast and colorectal cancer. The study aims to identify compounds targeting this pathway to combat cancer, with a focus on ultra-high-throughput screening resources.
The Genetics Society of America awarded nine young researchers for their innovative work on fruit fly models, shedding light on human genetics diseases. The winners showcased promising contributions to the field, including studies on gene expression and chromatin state in Drosophila development.
Researchers at RIT studied binary spinning black hole interactions, revealing a long-term spin dynamic that continuously flips the spin until merger. This process may affect the growth of black holes surrounded by accretion disks and alter galactic and supermassive binary black holes.
Researchers found that a neural circuit evaluates environmental variability to prompt animals to explore new locations. The circuit uses information from the animal's senses to determine predictability, triggering dopamine release and increased risk-taking behavior. This discovery could lead to better therapies for neurodegenerative an...
A study found that young children's aversion to opposite-sex peers (the 'cooties' effect) is encoded in the amygdala. As children enter puberty, interest in opposite-sex peers blooms anew, with some becoming infatuated with a member of the opposite sex.
A study of facial rejuvenation surgery finds that women who undergo certain procedures are perceived as more likeable, attractive and feminine. The study suggests that facial appearance plays a role in social perception, rooted in evolution, and may impact personality traits such as extroversion and trustworthiness.
A study by Ryan Boyd and James Pennebaker uses psychological theory to analyze Shakespeare's plays, revealing a unique psychological profile that strongly identifies him as the author of Double Falsehood. The analysis also sheds light on Theobald's character, contradicting previous accounts.
Researchers at Caltech discovered that certain bacteria in the gut are essential for producing peripheral serotonin. The study found that mice with normal gut microbes had higher levels of serotonin than those without, and that specific species of bacteria elevated serotonin levels.
A new University of Utah study found that exposure to killing and death while deployed is correlated with a 43% increased suicide risk compared to general deployment. The research suggests that seeing death and killing contributes to feelings of guilt, shame, regret, and negative self-perceptions.
The study suggests that highly acidic oceans caused the extinction event, which lasted around 10,000 years. The research provides new insights into the threat posed by modern-day ocean acidification.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that touch-sensing neurons integrate position and touch information as soon as it reaches the brain, challenging long-held views on how this is done. This integration enables complex sensory processing and informs efforts to improve prosthetic limbs.
A recent York University study suggests that lake and highway authorities consider adjusting road salt use protocols to protect aquatic life such as the water flea, by taking the nutritional status of the lakes into account. The study found a direct relationship between how well-fed the animals were and their sensitivity to road salt.
The NIH has awarded $11 million to develop diagnostic tools for hospital-associated pathogens, including those resistant to most antimicrobials. The goal is to provide rapid and efficient tests that can detect the presence of these bacteria in three hours or less.
A retrospective cohort study of nearly 217,000 patients with gout found that prescription rates for effective gout treatment decreased after the FDA increased prices. The study also showed significant increases in monthly total prescription bills, highlighting the negative impact of regulatory actions on access to affordable medications.
Radon levels in Pennsylvania homes have risen since 2004, coinciding with the onset of fracking. The study found higher readings in buildings near active gas wells compared to low-activity areas. Radon is a known carcinogen that can accumulate in homes without adequate ventilation, increasing lung cancer risk.
A NASA study found that small solar eruptions, like a slow-moving CME, can cause significant atmospheric loss in planets without magnetic shields. This research has implications for understanding habitability and the potential effects of solar storms on other planets.
Researchers study the Great Lakes to determine what controls the toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms, which can be deadly to humans. They found high levels of hydrogen peroxide in Lake Erie's surface waters, which may contribute to bloom toxicity.
Researchers aim to create the first complete genome sequence for dogwoods, enabling plant breeders to develop new varieties with improved traits. Citizen scientists will collect data on flowering patterns, flower color, and susceptibility to diseases.
Dr. Theresa Montini is awarding $300,000 from the National Institutes of Health to test a nicotine cessation approach in NYC homeless shelters. Her Matrix model-based treatment aims to promote self-esteem and dignity among homeless clients.
Researchers James P. Allison and Padmanee Sharma argue that combining targeted therapies with immunotherapy could be key to developing curative treatments for various cancer types, building on promising results from clinical trials.
Scientists at TGen discovered the likely cause of severe muscle weakness in six previously undiagnosed children using state-of-the-art genetic technology. The researchers identified pathogenic variants in genes such as CACNA1S, RYR1, COL6A3, and COL6A6, providing new insights into rare myopathies.
A new study suggests that non-violent video games with storytelling can have prosocial benefits, improving emotional intelligence and social skills. The research found that immersive gaming experiences foster theory of mind and empathy, which can be helpful in treating disorders like autism.
A new assay developed by researchers can identify novel drug candidates that protect kidney cells from damage, which could lead to the development of new treatments for chronic kidney disease. The system has already identified a small molecule called pyrintegrin that effectively protected rodent kidney cells.
Researchers from Carnegie Institution for Science discovered that brassinosteroids and auxin hormones work antagonistically to regulate root cell elongation, affecting the rate of root growth. This finding could lead to engineering more-efficient crops with idealized root growth and water uptake.
A new species of terror bird, Llallawavis scagliai, has been discovered with exceptionally preserved fossils revealing details about its anatomy and sensory capabilities. The study provides insights into the evolution, behavior, and ecology of this group of fossil birds.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have revised the theory of how PTEN shuts off growth signals in cells. They found that PTEN proteins travel along microtubule highways to cytoplasmic vesicles containing green signals, which are then pinched off and turned back to red through a process called endocytosis
Research suggests that inbreeding has genetically benefited mountain gorillas by eliminating deleterious variations, contributing to their survival. This discovery challenges the assumption that low genetic diversity makes these animals more susceptible to environmental changes and diseases.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified a new mastrevirus, SgMaV-1, infecting switchgrass in North America. The virus is closely related to known pathogens in Australia and may be transmitted by leafhoppers, posing risks to staple food crops like corn and wheat.
Erik Wambre, PhD, at Benaroya Research Institute will study T cells causing peanut allergy and analyze genes to neutralize these cells. The goal is to develop new approaches for diagnosis and treatment of food allergies.
Researchers used fMRI to analyze brain activity in response to speech in ASD toddlers, finding distinct neural substrates for good and poor language outcomes. The study's findings may lead to more individualized treatments for the heterogeneous condition.
A new study finds that effective new hepatitis C drugs are extremely costly, with some treatments costing between $94,500 and $189,000. The state of Rhode Island would need to spend almost twice its entire prison health budget to treat all its chronically infected inmates.
Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital scientists successfully used amniotic stem cells to promote blood vessel growth in hydrogels, enhancing tissue repair for infants with birth defects. The study paves the way for biocompatible patches for congenital heart defects.
Natural language processing can help track quality of care at individual provider, service line, and health-care systems levels. The Regenstrief Institute's Center for Biomedical Informatics is utilizing natural language processing to improve care and provide information to those who need it.
A new study found that serious life events in childhood, such as death or illness in the family, divorce/separation, and conflicts, can triple the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that psychological stress may be a key factor in this increased risk.
UT Arlington researchers have developed a way to fabricate nanoscale pillars that can lead to more energy-efficient transistors in electronic devices. The innovation could result in a tenfold reduction in energy consumption, reducing the need for frequent battery charging.