A new Northwestern University study of delinquent youth reveals that mental disorders do not predict future violent behavior, except for substance use disorders. Providing comprehensive treatment to individuals with psychiatric illness may reduce violence, according to the research.
A new study found that US multiple sclerosis drug prices have soared by 700% in two decades, with no drugs available for under $50,000 a year. The research highlights systemic problems in the pharmaceutical industry and a need for public awareness and involvement.
Researchers discovered that cancer rates among hepatitis C patients are significantly higher than those without the virus. The study found a 2.5 times higher rate of all cancers and almost twice as high when liver cancer is excluded.
A simple method tests visual acuity at lower light levels, providing reliable and repeatable measurements of twilight vision. The study's findings suggest that the light level itself is the major factor explaining the decrease in visual acuity.
Researchers found that MR tractography can accurately assess prostate cancer treatment response to androgen deprivation and radiation therapy. Higher tract densities indicate gland shrinkage and subsequent fibrosis after therapy.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that a new recombinant factor VIII fusion protein prolongs the duration of anti-hemophilia factor in children. This allows for reduced frequency of treatment, reducing the burden on patients with severe hemophilia A.
A recent study surveying nearly 400 hospitals found that 48% lack strict limits on antibiotic use, allowing the dangerous gut infection to flourish. Hospitals with such limitations have stronger evidence-based programs in place.
Researchers at Northwestern University have created the world's first liquid nanoscale laser that can change colors in real time. The technology has significant advantages over traditional lasers, including simplicity, affordability and room-temperature operation.
A team of scientists discovered CRMP1, a protein that acts as a 'chaperone' to prevent misfolding of the toxic huntingtin protein. In healthy brains and tissues, CRMP1 is present in higher amounts than in those affected by Huntington's disease.
A team of scientists from the University of Manchester has identified a new protein called Mbd2 that plays a key role in controlling inflammation during worm infections and allergies. By understanding how this protein functions, researchers hope to develop targeted therapies for these conditions.
Researchers at UC Davis Health System have combined fetal surgery with a placental stem cell treatment to reduce the effects of spina bifida, with six lambs regaining ability to walk without noticeable disability after birth. The study aims to confirm safety and determine optimal dosing for potential human clinical trials.
A new study reveals that biodiversity enhances multiple ecosystem functions, from soil nitrogen accumulation to aquatic algae control. This finding bolsters the importance of conserving biodiversity in maintaining healthy ecosystems.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology developed a novel cell-manipulation tool that can trap and release single cells in a parallel arrangement. The tool, consisting of hollow microprobes, works like micro fingers to pick up human cells.
Researchers have developed a new type of 4D printing material that can transform into different shapes in response to water or heat. The technology has the potential to revolutionize fields such as medicine and construction, with applications including soft robotics and autonomous valves.
Researchers found that people are more likely to accept criticism and make changes if they take a broad, high-level construal view. This involves considering the big picture and believing change is possible. The study's findings have practical implications for delivering negative feedback in the workplace and health education campaigns.
A new technique identifies how genes are controlled and pinpoints source of disease-causing mutations in enhancers. Researchers found that genes are regulated by multiple enhancers, allowing precise control during development and maintaining normal brain function.
A new study describes how the neocortex selectively samples sensory information from the thalamus, controlling the throughput of sensory input. The researchers found that cortical neurons control thalamic neuron activity by varying signal frequency, either suppressing or enhancing it.
The study provides insights into the genetic basis and evolution of bumblebee biology, including their social living, coping with chemicals, and diseases. The findings suggest that the immune system of bees has remained largely the same since before the origin of bee sociality.
A study published in Science found a high correlation between how NIH projects are rated by peer review and the quality of resulting research. The analysis showed that applications with better peer-review scores are consistently associated with better research outcomes.
The USGS has released a new map that portrays the diverse pieces of Earth's crust comprising the nation's geologic basement. The map provides a framework for examining mineral resources and other geological aspects by considering the age and origin of the basement rocks.
A new study by neuroscientists at the Bernstein Center Munich found that previous experience plays a significant role in shaping our perceptions of physical quantities. The researchers developed a Bayesian model that integrates two classic theories and explains how prior knowledge affects judgment, leading to systematic estimation biases.
New research found that over one-third of patients without established heart disease who underwent Agatston-scored CT scans were reclassified as being at very low risk for cardiovascular disease. This shift in classification could spare these patients from unnecessary statin therapy, according to the study.
Using a sophisticated X-ray analysis, scientists revealed the molecular structure of the angiotensin receptor AT1R, an important regulator of blood pressure in humans. This discovery provides new insights into the mode of action and facilitates the development of new drugs with fewer side effects.
Researchers discover TMPRSS2 gene as key player in triggering severe forms of cancer pain. The discovery could lead to targeted therapies shutting down the expression of this gene or its ability to infiltrate pain receptors.
A Spanish-led team has created an electronic device to detect individual electrons' charge, enabling future quantum computers to read information stored in single electron spin. The device, called a 'gate sensor', can detect electrical charge in less than one nanosecond.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have identified a molecular link between DNA damage, cellular senescence, and premature aging. The study found that interferon signaling ramps up in response to double-stranded DNA breaks, prompting cells to enter senescence.
The European PQCRYPTO consortium is developing technology to resist quantum computer attacks, targeting small devices and cloud storage for the next three years. Post-quantum cryptography could protect sensitive data like health records or top-secret documents with confidentiality requirements over 10 years.
A study in Australia found that the public generally favors eliminating disincentives for living kidney donors, but is opposed to providing financial incentives. Many participants believed reimbursement and justifiable recompensation were acceptable ways to support living donors.
The study focuses on improving seismic monitoring data transmission speed and reducing response time to provide timely warnings for the region. Key findings include increasing station coverage, particularly in urban areas like Portland, Oregon, and strategically placing coastal stations to mitigate megathrust fault earthquakes.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield have developed a special gel that delays the release of medication, ideal for administering to young children and the elderly. The gel-based medication consists of microscopic particles that solidify in the stomach, releasing the drug in the intestine over several hours.
Researchers developed a method to fabricate structured composite materials using directional bindings of shaped particles for predictable assembly. The approach uses linker molecules made of complementary strands of DNA to control the arrangement of particles, achieving long-range order in large-scale assemblies and clusters.
Researchers at Griffith University and their international consortium have made significant progress in creating wide-angle and full-color 3D images using graphene. The sub-wavelength feature size allows for static holographic 3D images with a wide viewing angle, revolutionizing capabilities across various optical and electronic devices.
A new simplified model predicts patterns that form from honey-like fluids, influenced by the ratio between fluid speed on impact and conveyor belt speed. The team's findings match previous experimental results and may be used to optimize manufacturing processes for nonwoven materials.
Researchers created a computational model to investigate cancer's earliest stages and the immune system's response. The study found that spatial disorganization within tumors can promote immunosuppression and tumor growth.
Results from the SOLAR 2 trial show that ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in combination with ribavirin is safe and effective in patients with decompensated liver disease or who have undergone liver transplantation. High sustained virologic response rates were achieved, even among treatment-experienced patients.
The HCV-TARGET study shows all-oral direct-acting antiviral therapy is highly effective and well tolerated in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, with SVR rates of 75%, 77% and 81%. Liver function markers also improve during short-term follow-up.
A pooled analysis of data from two randomized trials confirms vitamin E as an effective treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with significant improvements in liver histology and disease resolution. The study supports the use of vitamin E as a safe and effective solution for both adults and children with NASH.
Researchers found that delaying treatment until after a patient's FIB4 level exceeds 3.25 has a clear detrimental effect on treatment effectiveness, increasing morbidity and mortality risks. Early treatment initiation is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes.
Researchers found that birds adopt only two stereotyped postures to navigate through cluttered environments at high speed. These postures allow birds to minimize energy loss and maximize robustness during flight. The study's findings may offer new insights into programming drones and UAVs to avoid obstacles.
A study found that oophorectomy significantly reduced breast cancer death risk in women with a BRCA1 gene mutation. The procedure also showed promise in reducing all-cause mortality, particularly among estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients.
Researchers have found that healthy newborns can alter and rid their bodies of bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical used in plastics and food packaging. The study challenged the current thinking on BPA toxicology and suggests that exposure to BPA in infancy may not be as harmful as previously believed.
The University of Oklahoma and Nanowave Technologies will establish a research group to develop next-generation electromagnetic sensors. The collaboration aims to optimize hardware solutions for customers in the airborne weather radar and satellite communications markets.
Benjamin Tolchin, a Massachusetts researcher, will receive a $130,000 award to investigate psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and develop new treatment approaches. His research aims to identify ways to increase the number of patients who successfully complete therapy and eliminate their PNES.
The study demonstrates the use of DNA nanotechnology to position arrays of hundreds of identical silver clusters with tunable fluorescent properties. This approach enables controlled assembly of photonic arrays, opening up new possibilities for sensing and imaging applications.
A new study published at The International Liver Congress reveals that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the development of coronary artery calcification. In patients without existing CAC, NAFLD significantly accelerated atherosclerosis progression, while in those with existing CAC, it did not affect disease ...
A recent UTMB study found that oxygen therapy is being prescribed more frequently among COPD patients, especially women over 75 with multiple health conditions. The study's results show an increase in oxygen use from 2001 to 2010, likely due to improved survival rates and decreased stigma around the treatment.
A new Stanford University School of Medicine study has found that brain tumor growth is stimulated by nerve activity in the cerebral cortex. The research, conducted in mice with human brain cancer implants, identified a specific protein called neuroligin-3 as responsible for the increase in tumor growth associated with neuronal activity.
Researchers suggest that targeting PI3 kinase could improve learning and behavioral flexibility in people with fragile X syndrome. Genetic tools can alleviate cognitive deficits and behavioral alterations observed in a mouse model, providing a potential treatment strategy.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet create perceptual illusion of having an invisible body, reducing social anxiety responses. The study demonstrates the 'invisible hand illusion' can be extended to an entire invisible body, affecting brain processing of social cues.
A study published in American Journal of Public Health found that blacks may not experience the same risk reduction from moderate alcohol consumption as whites. The study analyzed data from over 152,000 adults and found varying risks and benefits among different racial and gender groups.
Researchers found nearly 200 compact elliptical galaxies, including 11 isolated ones, which were formed when a massive galaxy stripped away the core of a smaller one. These galaxies can escape their host clusters due to gravitational perturbations, helping them survive for about a billion years.
Researchers found that rats' behavior changed according to waiting times, mimicking human actions. The neural basis was linked to the striatum, where neurons encoded time as a position within an interval, not absolute units.
A study in a California grassland reveals fundamental principles underlying disease dynamics, predicting pathogen spillover based on species relatedness. The results show that closely related species are more vulnerable to disease, while introducing rare species can create openings for less common species.
Researchers analyzed 3,550 North American rodent fossils to show how fundamental evolutionary mechanisms drive the emergence of novel mammalian stem cells. The study found that most extinct species can acquire continuously growing molars through evolution, and the final developmental step is surprisingly simple.
A study found that thawing Arctic permafrost converts 60% of its organic carbon to carbon dioxide in two weeks, potentially creating a positive feedback loop. This release could significantly affect the climate change picture by introducing ancient carbon into the global carbon cycle.
Researchers develop method to simplify analysis of large datasets, inspired by quantum mechanics. By applying principles from quantum theory, they reduce redundant information and computing requirements.
In a study on flowering plants, researchers have discovered a novel cell-elimination system based on an unusual cell fusion. Successful fertilization triggers cell fusion between the persistent synergid cell and the endosperm, leading to inactivation of the persistent synergid cell.
Scientists propose using infrasonic observations to study geological dynamics of Venus, with potential applications in understanding planet's interior and history. Researchers plan to deploy balloons or satellites above Venus' surface to detect barometric pressure changes or airglow, which could reveal seismic activity on the planet.
Scaling up existing interventions, including infant vaccination and treatment programmes, could prevent 90% of new chronic HBV infections and 65% mortality levels by 2030. Global expansion is necessary to achieve hepatitis B elimination, avoiding 20 million deaths by 2030.
A novel computational strategy identified CRMP1 as a factor that suppresses misfolding and aggregation of the huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease. CRMP1 overexpression reduces huntingtin aggregation and toxicity, while reduced levels increase toxicity.