Researchers used an enormous X-ray laser to induce a phenomenon that doesn't occur under normal circumstances, resulting in a single higher-energetic X-ray photon. The findings may lead to new ways to diagnose matter in the future.
Researchers found that MACC1 expression is a key indicator of survival and recurrence risk in Klatskin carcinoma patients. Patients with low MACC1 levels have a good chance of benefiting from surgery, while those with high levels are at a higher risk of cancer recurrence.
The first new species of millipede is described using high-detail 3D images, providing unprecedented access to anatomical information. The cybertype-enhanced description allows for widespread sharing and study of the digital specimen, enabling researchers to analyze its unique traits without dissecting the original holotype.
Researchers have discovered that epigenomic changes induced by pathogen infections, mediated by a transcription factor called ATF7, are the underlying mechanism of innate immunological memory. This finding could increase our understanding of the hygiene hypothesis and lead to the development of more efficient vaccines.
Research suggests that living in an inner-city neighborhood can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease due to factors such as limited access to healthy food, green spaces, and transportation options. The study's findings highlight the importance of improving urban environments to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Researchers have identified a new type of prion causing Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), a neurodegenerative disorder with similarities to Parkinson's disease. The discovery raises concerns about treatments and research involving contact with brain tissue from MSA patients.
The Methodology Center at Penn State has received a $13 million grant to support ongoing and new research on developing new analysis methods. The projects aim to improve experimental design, data analysis, and intervention delivery through the use of complex behavioral data.
Researchers found fossilized microbes in ancient rock samples from the Iberian continental margin, confirming a long-standing hypothesis that interactions between mantle rocks and seawater can create conditions for life. The discovery provides important insights into the possibility of 'intraterrestrial' life in rocks below the seafloor.
A new method reconciles observational proxy and model evidence, demonstrating that the Tampora and Samalas eruptions generated an average drop in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere fluctuating between 0.8 and 1.3°C during the summer of 1258 and 1816. This cooling did not last for more than three years at a hemispheric scale.
A study found that RWHAP-funded facilities provided more comprehensive services, including case management and mental health support, compared to non-funded facilities. Despite this, nearly 75% of patients at RWHAP-funded facilities achieved viral suppression, while some subgroups benefited from these services.
NASA's GPM mission detected intense rainfall near the center of Hurricane Fred on August 30, suggesting rapid intensification. The storm's 'hot towers' reached heights of up to 10 miles, releasing latent heat and fueling its growth into a hurricane.
Women with multiple sclerosis who breastfed exclusively for two months had a lower risk of relapse during the first six months after giving birth compared to those who did not breastfeed. Exclusive breastfeeding may reduce postpartum MS relapse risk but disease activity returns once regular feedings are introduced.
A Purdue University study develops a statistical approach to estimate the number of generations remaining before a population reaches low genetic variation. The method performs significantly better than current methods for identifying species in need of conservation efforts.
Researchers discovered MIF, a molecule involved in EoE, which can be targeted for therapy. The study suggests a novel approach to treating this hard-to-treat food allergy, offering hope for patients with difficulty swallowing.
A gene associated with sudden cardiac death has been identified using implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) monitoring. The GNAS gene polymorphism predicted ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients from the DISCOVERY trial and Oregon-SUDS study.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine analyzed survival statistics of 1,298 men with low-risk prostate tumors and found that only two died of prostate cancer after 15 years, while three developed metastatic disease. This suggests that carefully selected patients in active surveillance programs are unlikely to be harmed by their disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins found that fluoxetine prolongs physical therapy's effectiveness for stroke victims, especially those too ill to start intensive rehabilitation. Early intervention with fluoxetine improves motor function recovery in mice, suggesting potential benefits for human stroke patients.
Physicians are dissatisfied with EHRs, citing redundant information and poor utility. The study suggests redesigning EHR documentation tools to prioritize assessment and plan sections.
Research found that people with hostile personalities who watch more TV are at a greater risk for injury. The study, which analyzed data from 4,196 adults, suggests that reducing TV viewing and improving content rating systems could lower injury rates among these individuals.
The study found that the 5-color nutritional labeling system is more effective than other systems in helping consumers understand food quality. This system, which uses a color-coded label to indicate nutrient content, was shown to increase the ability of individuals to rank foods by nutritional quality.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology found that osteoarthritis patients who underwent total knee or hip joint replacement surgery were at increased risk of heart attack immediately following arthroplasty. However, long-term risk was insignificant, while the risk for venous thromboembolism remained years after the procedure.
A new study by UC San Francisco researchers found that people who sleep six hours a night or less are four times more likely to catch a cold compared to those who spend more than seven hours in slumber. The study used objective sleep measures and found that short sleep was the most significant factor in predicting illness.
A new study from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory found that gaming computers consume 20% of global PC energy use, but can be optimized for up to 75% energy savings through setting changes and component swaps. By doing so, gamers can improve reliability and performance while reducing their carbon footprint.
A randomized controlled trial found that a self-management support service improved patients' symptoms and recovery scores. The program combined behavioral therapy with recovery-oriented approach, focusing on achieving life goals despite symptoms. Participants showed significant improvements compared to usual care.
The new Northwestern University Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence will use nucleic-acid-based nanoconstructs called Spherical Nucleic Acids (SNAs) to discover new aspects of cancer biology and create effective cancer treatment options. SNAs are nontoxic to humans, offering a versatile tool in medicine.
A University of Illinois study finds that single mothers earn significantly less than single fathers, widening the gender gap. Single mothers are more likely to live in poverty and struggle financially due to lack of child support, whereas single fathers tend to be better off financially after a divorce.
Researchers found that infection with multiple founder HIV-1 variants results in significantly higher mean viral loads and poorer clinical outcomes. The study analyzed data from two large HIV vaccine efficacy trials and showed that the number of variants at the beginning of infection affects the setpoint for viral load.
Researchers at Princeton and MIT have used computer models to predict the potential storm surge waters for three cities: Tampa, Cairns, and Dubai. The study found that powerful storms could generate dangerous storm surges in all three cities, with odds of 1 in 10,000 in an average year.
Research reveals a four-fold increased risk of in-hospital cardiovascular mortality in AMI patients with respiratory infections. Respiratory infections were associated with longer hospital stays, more severe clinical presentations, and higher incidence of arrhythmias and reinfarction.
A recent study presented at ESC Congress found that young women with diabetes have a six-fold risk of heart attack. The research, which analyzed data from over 7,000 women, also revealed that smoking was the leading risk factor for young women with myocardial infarction.
Researchers from the University of Chicago have developed a novel approach to control enzyme activity using monobodies, synthetic proteins that recognize and bind specific target molecules. They successfully altered the specificity of an enzyme used in the food industry without modifying it, paving the way for bespoke reactions.
Research by UNH scientists finds that appearance alone is not enough to identify hybrid zone birds; DNA analysis reveals complex combinations of plumage traits. The study provides insights into the challenges of monitoring hybrids in natural populations and aids in conservation initiatives for both species.
A sub study of the MR CLEAN trial found that patients with larger thrombi had better neurological recovery after intra arterial treatment. Thrombi size was associated with clinical outcome, and retrieving larger pieces may lead to improved patient results.
A research team used ancient-DNA analysis and radiocarbon dating to reconstruct population histories for prehistoric seabirds in New Zealand. They found that mainland populations were rapidly decimated after human arrival, while Stewart Island populations remained relatively stable due to a decline in human numbers.
The Mayo Clinic Cancer Center has been awarded a Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) grant to study the genetic basis of multiple myeloma and develop novel therapies.
Scientists at Kyoto University developed an approach to assemble DNA origami units into larger structures by using a double layer of lipids. This method allows for more freedom of movement and interaction between origami structures, enabling them to form nanomachines such as nanomotors for targeted drug delivery
Researchers discovered that chronic stress strengthens traumatic memories in the brain, leading to PTSD. Blocking this process with serotonin-blocking drugs may offer a new treatment option for the disorder.
Researchers from the Canadian Museum of Nature and Fisheries and Oceans Canada describe a new species of giant file clam, Acesta cryptadelphe, found in deep waters off Newfoundland. The clam is genetically distinct from other known species, with characteristics similar to scallops.
Scientists have successfully used gene therapy to fully restore vision in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis-1, a genetic disorder causing severe visual impairment. The treatment, which replaced the deficient retGC1 protein, showed long-lasting results and supports clinical testing for human patients.
A study found that island-dwelling Balkan green lizards have a longer small intestine and hindgut compared to their mainland counterparts. They also possess cecal valves, which slow down food passage and provide fermenting chambers, allowing them to digest more plant material.
COPD patients who used a digital health application experienced fewer and less severe exacerbation symptoms, improving daily symptom control, lung function, and activity status. The application allowed for same-day treatment recommendations from healthcare providers.
SLU researcher Nicola Pozzi is seeking to understand the molecular mechanisms of prothrombin and thrombin to develop more effective life-saving drugs. The research builds on previous breakthroughs in blood-clotting protein structure, which may lead to a better understanding of how prothrombin is converted to thrombin.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have discovered a gene variant, APLP2, that increases the risk of myopia in children who spend more time reading. Spending time outdoors is found to reduce this risk.
Scientists have created a tool that can identify thousands of chemosensory receptors stimulated by specific smells in various species, from mice to flies. This breakthrough could help unravel the logic of chemosensory code across animal species and has countless applications, including understanding behaviors triggered by odorants.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed a mouth guard that monitors health markers in saliva, transmitting data wirelessly to smartphones. The technology could be used to continuously monitor patients without invasive procedures or athletes' performance.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have identified the process of endocytosis as a key driver of rapid embryonic healing, which coordinates cell movement to close wounds. This discovery holds promise for developing more efficient treatments for human wound repair.
Researchers find that using a monoclonal antibody to block the 'eat me' signal on malignant cells triggers a more potent immune response in dendritic cells, which then activate killer T cells and boost adaptive immunity. The study suggests a new approach for developing an effective cancer immunotherapy.
A recent study found that adding adenosine triphosphate to pulmonary vein isolation treatment for atrial fibrillation did not significantly reduce late recurrences of the condition. The study, which included 2,113 patients, used ATP to identify and address potential gaps in electrical conduction around the pulmonary veins.
A new protein (C5orf30) has been identified as a genetic marker for rheumatoid arthritis severity, allowing for early diagnosis and targeted treatment. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to improve patient outcomes and reduce tissue damage caused by the condition.
A recent trial published at ESC Congress 2015 found that patient education programs did not significantly impact apixaban adherence. Adherence rates were high across both the control and education groups, with minimal difference observed between the two.
The ALBATROSS study found that mineralocortoid receptor antagonists do not provide a benefit to heart attack patients without heart failure. However, in a subgroup of STEMI patients, MRA treatment may have a potential mortality benefit.
A new trial suggests that pacing may not be effective in preventing cardiac remodeling and improving functional or clinical outcomes in patients with large myocardial infarctions. The study, known as PRomPT, found no significant difference between patients who received pacing and those who did not.
The CIRCUS trial found that cyclosporine did not reduce all-cause death, hospitalization for heart failure, or adverse left ventricular remodelling in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. The study suggested that targeting reperfusion injury remains a major challenge for PCI cardiologists.
A new protein (C5orf30) has been identified as a genetic marker that can help regulate the severity of tissue damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis. This discovery enables early identification of patients at risk of severe joint damage, allowing for fast-tracked treatment with more aggressive therapies.
A new Phase III clinical trial indicates cariprazine may treat negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia, including lack of emotion and social withdrawal. Researchers found a statistically significant improvement in the PANSS-NFS scale relative to risperidone after 26 weeks of treatment.
A study found that obese individuals' brains show different connectivity patterns when craving food compared to normal-weight individuals. The researchers discovered a link between increased brain activity and weight gain in obese subjects.
A unique study found that testosterone therapy induces structural changes in areas of the brain involved in verbal fluency in female-to-male transsexuals. This may suggest that sex hormones play a substantial role in shaping human brain structure, beyond early developmental phases.
The study found that immune cell-mediated thrombotic processes are a realistic target for novel therapies to prevent stent thrombosis. Leukocyte infiltrations were hallmarks of both early and late ST, with neutrophils being the most prominent subset.
Research by Dr. Kristian Kragholm found that bystander CPR was associated with a 30% lower risk of nursing home admission and brain damage in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The study included 2,387 adult survivors who did not have pre-existing conditions or live in a nursing home before the cardiac arrest.
A study of over 17,000 patients found that nearly all survivors were achieved within 35 minutes of CPR, with longer resuscitation efforts offering little benefit. The researchers recommend continuing CPR for at least 35 minutes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases to achieve maximum survival and favorable neurological outcomes.