A new study using digital imaging found that students are putting more fruits and vegetables on their trays but consuming fewer and increasing waste by 56 percent. Researchers suggest supplementing guidelines with strategies such as cutting up veggies with dip or adopting Farm-to-School programs to increase consumption.
Researchers found that a protective mix of root bacteria can prevent sudden wilt disease in wild tobacco plants. The right combination of soil microbiota is crucial for plant survival, and crop rotation plays a vital role in preventing the buildup of soil-borne diseases.
A study in Malawi found that patients with stroke and spinal cord injuries faced significant obstacles upon return home, including physical barriers and social exclusion. The lack of rehabilitation services after discharge has severe consequences for patients' mental health and ability to reintegrate into society.
A Veterans Affairs team found that longer-lasting colonoscopies are associated with lower cancer rates. Doctors with average withdrawal times of under six minutes had patients more than twice as likely to have cancer. Experts recommend focusing quality-improvement efforts on withdrawal times of under six minutes.
A study found that veterans separated from the military for misconduct were more likely to experience homelessness. The analysis of VHA data showed a significant association between misconduct-related separations and increased risk of homelessness, with rates increasing over time.
A team of scientists has discovered how a plant sensor detects pathogens, bringing unprecedented detail to the 'gene-for-gene' hypothesis. The study reveals that the strength of binding between the sensor and pathogen proteins correlates with the plant's response, opening up new strategies for engineering enhanced resistance.
A new study by UT Dallas refutes the notion that NFL players are more criminal than the general population. The research found that the overall arrest rate for the general population was nearly twice as high as the rate for NFL players from 2000 to 2013.
Researchers have successfully created a new class of uncooled photodetectors that can operate at room temperature, overcoming limitations of existing inorganic detectors. These breakthrough devices will enable various industrial and scientific applications such as optical communications and chemical sensing.
Researchers have achieved record-high pressure to study osmium, finding that innermost electrons start interacting with each other due to extreme pressure. This phenomenon opens up new possibilities for discovering brand new states of matter.
The current issue of Technology and Innovation highlights the challenges of ensuring water security due to growing concerns over fresh water availability. Advances in analytical techniques, nanobiotechnologies, and monitoring methods are being explored to develop innovative solutions for water conservation and quality improvement.
A recent study using fecal sampling and genetic analysis found hundreds of eastern chimpanzees inhabit a region of rapidly shrinking forest fragments in Uganda. The population is estimated to be between 250-320 individuals, three times larger than previously suspected.
A new modeling study suggests that a single dose of cholera vaccine could be as effective as the traditional two-dose regimen in preventing deaths. The researchers estimate that a one-dose campaign reaching half the population would have averted over 78,000 cases and prevented 738 deaths.
Researchers identified a similar profile among murderers of intimate partners and family members, including severe mental illness and few previous convictions. Early intervention is crucial to prevent these murders, which are often driven by jealousy or revenge, experts warn.
Two studies found that moderate-intensity physical activity did not improve cognitive function, while oral supplementation with nutrients had no significant effect on cognitive decline. However, participants over 80 or with poor baseline physical performance showed better changes in executive function composite scores.
Researchers found that New Caledonian crows use a combination of social learning and trial-and-error methods to acquire tool shapes. The birds observe another crow's actions, then mimic the end result, rather than copying specific actions, suggesting an alternative explanation for their cumulative technological culture.
Seaweeds appear to protect coral from invasive sea stars by reducing predation and providing a physical barrier. This complex relationship highlights the intricate dynamics of ecosystems and has implications for coral reef conservation.
A study published in INFORMS' Management Science found that buying from friends increases ecommerce purchases by 60%, regardless of the friend's influence status. The researchers also discovered that users with fewer friends experience stronger relative increases in adoption rates.
NASA's GPM and NOAA's GOES satellites provide insights into Tropical Storm Erika's rainfall patterns and cloud structure. The storm is expected to approach the Leeward Islands on Wednesday night, prompting a Tropical Storm Watch for several Caribbean islands.
Typhoon Goni covered the southern half of the Sea of Japan, with its center located near 35.3 North latitude and 131.0 East longitude. The storm was expected to weaken and become extra-tropical as it moved north, making landfall near Vladivostok, Russia on August 26.
Researchers analyze New Yorker cartoons from 1925 to 2006 to show changing portrayals of children and child-rearing, with a shift from mixed attitudes to increasingly intense parental involvement. The study highlights the paradox of modern, privileged parenting, where parents may opt out due to high costs associated with childcare.
Researchers at University of Illinois develop a data-based method to diagnose breast cancer using spatial light interference microscopy, promising fast and accurate results. The technique uses quantitative imaging parameters to analyze breast tissue lesions, overcoming limitations of manual inspection.
A team from the University of Illinois and Indiana University combined techniques to determine the structure of cyanostar, a symmetrical macrocycle that can capture negative ions. The collaboration used xMDFF and PHENIX programs to overcome challenges of disorder in the molecule.
Researchers confirm coronal heating mechanism using observations from NASA's IRIS and Japan's Hinode solar observatory. Resonant absorption process converts magnetic waves into heat energy, explaining why the sun's corona is hotter than its surface.
Tropical Depression Kilo has recently become more energetic, with heavy rainfall rates of almost 65 mm/hour detected by NASA's GPM Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar. The depression's storm tops were also found to be very tall, measuring over 15.4 km altitude.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics, called retromutagenesis. This process involves mutations occurring in RNA first, allowing cells to grow and replicate before subsequent DNA mutations can take effect.
The 12th tropical depression of the 2015 Eastern Pacific hurricane season was born on August 25, 2015. NASA's Terra satellite gathered infrared data revealing a circulation center with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph, located approximately 1,610 miles east-southeast of Hilo, Hawaii.
A recent study found that Florida homeowners waste a significant amount of fresh water on their lawns, with some using as much as 64% or more. The main barriers to conservation are a lack of knowledge and pressure from Home Owner's Associations (HOAs) to maintain perfect lawns.
Researchers studied bats and rodents to identify characteristics of cross-species virus transmission. They found that viruses pass more easily between bat species than rodent species, with unique bat traits like gregariousness facilitating transmission.
A new minimally invasive vaccine combines cancer cells with immune-enhancing factors, evoking an immune response in a simpler and more economical way. The approach has shown promising results in experimental animal models, shrinking tumors and protecting animals from tumor growth.
A recent study at Washington University School of Medicine found that quitting smoking after a heart attack leads to immediate improvements in chest pain, daily life, and mental health. The benefits became apparent as little as one month after quitting, with more pronounced effects after a year.
A team of researchers has sequenced nearly two-thirds of barley's genes, revealing new insights into the grain's DNA and its applications in wheat and other food sources. The advancements will aid in precision plant breeding by identifying specific markers for traits like malting quality and stem rust resistance.
A new study led by UCSF researchers found that individuals with higher blood levels of growth factor proteins GDF11 and myostatin have a lower risk of cardiovascular problems and death from these events. This association suggests the possibility of using drugs to increase GDF11 levels as a treatment for heart disease.
Studies find HIV-infected women receive inadequate prenatal care, resulting in low viral suppression rates at delivery. Women connected to care soon after delivery are more likely to remain in care and achieve viral suppression.
A University of Washington biologist has spotted a rare nautilus species, Allonautilus scrobiculatus, for the first time in three decades. The sighting highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect this ancient lineage from illegal fishing practices and potential extinction.
A new MRI study found that having the opportunity to learn from failure can turn it into a positive experience. The study showed that certain circumstances can prompt the brain's reward mechanism instead of avoidance learning, leading to improved understanding and behavior.
A team of researchers, led by Dr. Nicole Fogarty, will investigate why hybrid corals are thriving while their parental species decline, with potential implications for saving the staghorn and elkhorn corals.
Researchers found that quitting smoking within a year after a heart attack can lead to similar levels of chest pain and mental health as non-smokers. Smokers who continued to smoke after a heart attack had the worst health status of the four groups, with increased odds of having chest pain.
Researchers have identified a key feature of the Alzheimer's disease-causing Amyloid beta molecule using laser light and fat-coated silver nanoparticles. The study suggests that designing a drug molecule to attack this specific shape could lead to a breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment.
Researchers successfully fabricated stable and large gratings in single layer graphene, enabling the study of massive objects' quantum mechanical nature. The team's achievement reduces material thickness to the ultimate limit, increasing interaction time between molecules and masks.
Scientists have discovered a new virus in seals that is closely related to human hepatitis A virus, raising concerns about the emergence of hepatitis A. The researchers found the virus in harbor seals off the coast of New England and suggest it may be present in other wildlife species.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered that an overproduction of E. coli bacteria is triggered by the availability of sialic acid, leading to intestinal inflammation. A sialidase inhibitor can prevent excessive E. coli formation and alleviate disease symptoms.
Researchers have created an algorithm that can efficiently search for the laws underlying complex dynamical systems, including biological processes. The algorithm, dubbed 'Sir Issac', was tested on artificial and real-world systems, demonstrating its ability to infer universal gravitational force and model chemical transformations.
A team of researchers from Pitt, Drexel, and NIH found that the Ebola virus can survive in detectable concentrations in wastewater for at least a week or longer. The study suggests that procedures for disposing of contaminated liquid waste might underestimate the virus' ability to persist.
A genetic study found an association between reduced vitamin D levels and increased risk of multiple sclerosis. The study, published in PLOS Medicine, used a Mendelian randomization approach to examine the link between genetically lowered vitamin D levels and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.
A study published in Vision Research found that amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' alters the brain's visual pathways, making it harder for the brain to adapt to using the weaker eye. The research suggests a potential new approach for treating vision disorders, including adults.
A pilot study aims to address the national crisis in children's oral health by providing support for parents to prevent tooth decay in their toddlers. The study will develop an intervention that links a dental nurse with young mothers, offering them guidance and materials to protect their child's teeth.
A new assessment tool, KSPHI, measures physical traits associated with Klinefelter syndrome, linking them to psychosocial function in children. The study found that boys with more physical traits reported worse quality of life, highlighting the need for early intervention and hormonal therapy.
A new study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience reports that mental visual imagery training can improve autobiographical memory and episodic future thinking in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients, leading to better daily functioning and a greater sense of self-confidence.
A recent study investigates how blind individuals characterize others by race, revealing a slower and less automatic process than sighted individuals. Blind participants categorized fewer people by race due to the slower pace of assigning race, which typically occurs with extensive interactions rather than casual encounters.
A Baylor University study of 146 countries found that greater gender equality in employment corresponds with higher overall homicide rates. The research suggests that cultural measures of equality, such as respect for women's rights, are tied to lower homicide rates.
A recent study by H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center researchers found a significantly higher frequency of BRCA mutations in young black women with breast cancer, particularly among those under 50. This discovery may contribute to the disparity in aggressive breast cancer rates among black women compared to non-Hispanic white women.
A mathematical model shows that using one dose of the oral cholera vaccine can prevent more cases and save more lives than the recommended two doses, especially in crisis situations. The study found that a single dose could protect more people in the long run and improve herd immunity.
A NIHR-funded study has found that repositioning patients after the Valsalva manoeuvre significantly increases its success rate in treating supraventricular tachycardia. The modified technique improved heart rhythm return rates from 17.5% to 43.5%, offering a cost-free and comfortable option for patients.
A computer game was used to investigate how people respond to audiovisual distractions, finding that age didn't affect susceptibility. The game helped researchers collect data on attention and learning from irrelevant sounds, with potential applications as a training tool.
A new statistical approach, called Oscope, identifies oscillating genes in single-cell RNA-sequencing experiments by examining cells from an unsynchronized population. The technique captures one base cycle of each group of cyclic genes, offering a practical way to profile distinct groups of genes that play a cyclical role.
A £6.65 million grant will support a programme at the University of Liverpool and University College London to design and test new materials at the atomic level. The project aims to address challenges in sustainable energy production, battery technologies, and solar energy efficiency.
A new study by Aarhus University found that women undergoing fertility treatment can achieve similar pregnancy rates without daily hormonal vaginal gel, instead receiving a small injection of pregnancy-stimulating hormone HCG. This more natural treatment option reduces discomfort and side effects, providing a patient-friendly alternative.
A recent study by Allina Health found that inpatient palliative care visits improved quality of life and symptom burden for heart failure patients. The research identified key actions taken by PC providers to create positive outcomes among study patients.
A study published in Resuscitation found that paramedic care delivered on-scene for 10-35 minutes is associated with improved survival rates in pediatric patients. The optimal time range for this benefit was found to be between 10 and 35 minutes, with longer times not resulting in better outcomes.
A new additive manufacturing technique prints molten glass at high temperatures to produce strong, optically transparent glass objects. The modular printer allows for customization of the printed glass parts, opening up opportunities for high-value applications in industries such as aerospace.