Researchers at Technical University of Munich create a highly active molecule that selectively targets the alphaVbeta6 integrin, a common marker in many types of cancer. This breakthrough could lead to patient-specific diagnoses and targeted therapies with minimal side effects.
Researchers found that female Drosophila flies avoid oviposition sites that smell of parasitic wasps, significantly increasing the survival rate of their larvae. The detection is mediated by a dedicated olfactory circuit that recognizes the sex pheromone of Leptopilina wasps.
An evolutionary biologist analyzed 65 anti-evolution bills, finding they share traits with each other and evolution itself. Creationism has evolved stealthily, using tactics from human cloning and global warming debates to influence education policies.
A York University-led laser altimeter, OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA), will map the surface and create a 3D model of asteroid Bennu during a NASA mission. The instrument will help guide the spacecraft to a safe spot to grab a sample, providing Canadian scientists with their first direct access to a pristine asteroid sample.
A US$200,000 grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will support the development of a one-shot vaccine for tapeworms, reducing deaths from neurocysticercosis in developing countries. The vaccine aims to break the lifecycle of the parasite, causing brain cysts and seizures.
Researchers found that elephants' social networks remained resilient due to the ability of daughters to fill their mothers' roles, driven by vertical transmission of social roles. This adaptability provides optimism for elephant recovery from human disturbance once pressure is alleviated.
A recent survey of life science researchers found that data sharing has increased, with more exchanges of information and materials through third-party platforms. However, person-to-person collaborations have decreased, and secrecy remains a concern due to competing incentives for publication and career advancement.
A team of biologists found that current harvest levels for gray wolves in the Northern Rocky Mountains lead to decreased survival and reproduction, smaller packs, and social disruption. The research highlights the need for stronger science-based policies to guide regulated carnivore hunting.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery about the role of enzymes in regulating chromatin, which plays a crucial role in planarian stem cell differentiation. The study found that specific enzymes, Set1 and MLL1/2, target genes involved in cilia formation, suggesting that defects in these processes may be linked to various huma...
The new Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip array provides a powerful tool for elucidating the role of the human epigenome in complex diseases. With its significantly increased coverage in gene regulatory regions, it enables DNA methylation analysis at an unprecedented scale.
A new study by USC researchers found that people with high anxiety levels have a 48% higher risk of developing dementia. The study analyzed data from the Swedish Adoption Twin Study of Aging and found that chronic anxiety is linked to damage in the brain, including the hippocampus and frontal cortex.
Scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory developed a new method to detect underground nuclear explosions by coupling seismic models with gas-flow models. The research improves the accuracy of predicting radionuclide gas transport through fracture networks, enabling better detection and concentration of gases.
Researchers have developed a simple and inexpensive way to extract high-purity silica compounds from agricultural waste using ethylene glycol and ethanol. This process could significantly reduce carbon emissions and costs associated with traditional methods.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have developed a new liquid biopsy technique that can analyze tumor genes from blood samples using exosomes, providing a non-invasive alternative to traditional biopsies. The approach has the potential to improve prognosis, guide targeted therapy, and monitor treatment progress.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that stopping the production of new neurons in the brain following TBI can help reduce epileptic seizures, cognitive decline, and impaired memory. This process, called neurogenesis, is sometimes hyperexcitable, disrupting neural circuits and causing recurring seizures.
A study found that smoking bans worked best in reducing smoking among casual smokers, while high taxes were more effective for heavy users. Combining both policies did not show an additional impact on smoking rates.
The discovery of eggs with embryos preserved within the body of a 508-million-year-old Waptia fossil provides the oldest direct evidence of a creature caring for its offspring. This finding supports the theory that the presence of a bivalved carapace played a key role in the early evolution of brood care in arthropods.
Recent studies identified five distinct lineages of MERS-CoV in camels, with low barrier for interspecies transmission. A vaccine was found to be effective in preventing clinical symptoms and reducing virus levels in vaccinated camels.
A study found that historically black newspapers covered the 1967 Supreme Court case on interracial marriage similarly to mainstream media, challenging common assumptions about their content. Researchers used this finding to highlight the importance of considering diverse perspectives in reporting on civil rights issues.
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has photographed a newborn star with twin jets, reminiscent of a Star Wars lightsaber, in the Orion B molecular cloud complex. The protostar is feeding on surrounding material and shooting gas into space, creating shock fronts that heat up the surrounding gas.
Researchers found that family members of CUP patients have a higher risk of developing cancers such as lung, pancreas, and colon cancer. The study identified specific sites where these cancers may originate, providing new guidance for physicians and potentially improving treatment outcomes.
Cognitive neuroscientist Evangelia Chrysikou and her team investigate how transcranial direct current stimulation enhances creative thinking about everyday objects. They will use the technique to assess brain activity in frontal lobes, with hopes of developing a standardized measure of creative potential.
A study by Cornell Food & Brand Lab researchers found that diners paying less for all-you-can-eat buffets feel more physically uncomfortable and guilty compared to those paying more. The study suggests that consumers can mitigate these effects by opting for higher-priced buffets and healthier options.
A new study shows that parasitic flies may drive Darwin's finch populations to extinction in several decades. However, a modest reduction in fly prevalence through human intervention could alleviate the risk. Researchers propose various methods for controlling the fly population, including introducing wasps and using insecticides.
Research reveals three coronavirus species co-existing in camels in Saudi Arabia, including one closely related to the human 229E virus. The study also finds that young camels are more susceptible to respiratory infections and that winter is the peak season for virus replication.
A study published in The Journal of Urology found that patients with low mental health self-assessments before radical cystectomy had higher rates of high-grade complications, highlighting the importance of preoperative assessment.
A new method, known as the 'systems behaviour chart', is proposed by Dr Simon Black to focus conservation efforts and improve management. This tool can help identify early warning signs of ecological problems, such as population declines or increased mortality rates, allowing for timely interventions to be made.
Researchers discovered an unexpected link between two common prostate cancer treatments, radiation and androgen ablation. This connection allows doctors to better determine which treatment will benefit individual patients, potentially leading to improved prostate cancer treatments.
A recent study published in Biomolecules found that chronic alcohol use combined with repeated binge drinking causes significant liver damage, exceeding previous estimates. The research, conducted on mice, showed that mice exposed to both chronic and binge consumption exhibited the highest levels of liver injury.
NASA used its Terra satellite to observe Melor after it weakened into a trough of low pressure. The storm spread moisture over Luzon, with light to moderate precipitation falling on the island.
Researchers found that warming ponds had 70% more species and higher rates of photosynthesis in phytoplankton, which could remove more CO2 from the atmosphere. Phytoplankton communities were more species-rich and dominated by larger species, with increased biodiversity and evenness.
University of Toronto scientists have identified a specific channel in the brain where opioids interfere with breathing, leading to dangerous consequences. Researchers found that mice without this channel breathed normally even under opioid overdose conditions.
A clinical trial is planned to test the efficacy of pomalidomide, an FDA-approved multiple myeloma drug, on patients with sickle cell disease. The study shows that pomalidomide increases production of fetal hemoglobin, which can reverse the course of the disease.
Tropical Depression 29W, also known as Onyok, has been impacted by wind shear west of Palau. The storm is expected to dissipate over Mindanao in the southern Philippines on or around Dec. 19.
Researchers have discovered that the disks of gas and dust surrounding massive black holes are 'clumpy,' not smooth. The observations were made using NASA's NuSTAR and European Space Agency's XMM-Newton space observatory.
Research from Penn Nursing and colleagues finds that parents with low health literacy need learner-driven education, while those with adequate literacy want flexible teaching. The study's findings suggest that healthcare providers should assess patient health literacy and use creative communication methods to improve patient outcomes.
The UKCTOCS trial found that ovarian cancer screening reduced mortality by an estimated 15-28% in the MMS group compared to no screening. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm these results and determine their cost-effectiveness.
A new study suggests that the beginning of the Anthropocene era was linked to the emergence of agriculture around 6,000 years ago. The researchers found a shift in the frequency of aggregated versus segregated species pairs in ancient ecosystems, which they attribute to human activity that altered the terrestrial landscape.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health has identified the top five risk factors responsible for more than two-thirds of India's child undernutrition problem. These include short maternal stature, lack of education, extreme poverty, and poor dietary diversity.
The CRISPR genome editing technique has been hailed as a breakthrough due to its ability to deliver genes precisely, low cost, and ease of use. It has enabled the creation of gene drives, human embryo editing, and the deletion of retrovirus DNA in pig genomes.
Carnegie Mellon University researchers analyze 20,000 employee plan choices and find most employees select inferior plans leading to over-spending. They argue simplifying health insurance plans can improve consumer choices and reduce anxiety.
Researchers confirm that Ancient Egyptian texts describe astronomical phenomena, including the discovery of Algol's period, three millennia earlier than previously thought. The brightest phases of Algol and the Moon had positive meanings for the Ancient Egyptians.
A team of researchers found that current harvest levels for gray wolves in the Northern Rocky Mountains have led to decreased survival and reproduction rates. The study suggests that policies regulating wolf hunting are not sustainable and should be revised to prioritize population growth.
Researchers found record-breaking levels of domoic acid in a range of species, including fish and Dungeness crab. The toxin's persistence in the food web and sediments led to prolonged exposure and harm to both humans and marine life.
A study by Kyoto University found that fish oil activates receptors in the digestive tract, fires the sympathetic nervous system, and induces storage cells to metabolize fat. This may increase beige cells, which are less common in adults but play a crucial role in burning fat for energy.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism behind chromothripsis, a phenomenon where cells undergo multiple mutations due to telomere crisis. This chain of events can create chromothripsis, leading to cancer, and may inform early diagnosis methods.
A recent study found that the US safety net system is failing grandmothers who are raising their grandchildren due to poverty. Despite being eligible for benefits, many were unable to access resources or had to make sacrifices to care for their grandchildren.
A new analysis explores the possibility of in vitro gametogenesis for human reproduction, allowing same-sex couples to have biologically related children. The procedure could also enable 'perfecting reproduction' by making prenatal selection easier and more robust.
Researchers discovered that seeds have recycled a plant protection mechanism called the cuticle to withstand terrestrial aggressions. The cuticle increases seed viability, resistance to reactive oxygen species, and maintains dormant state, allowing seeds to survive and propagate in new environments.
Researchers identified a key protein involved in bacterial sugar coating and found a compound that blocks its action, offering hope for new antibiotics. The study's findings may lead to the development of more effective anti-microbials.
Candidiasis is a life-threatening fungal infection requiring early treatment. New guidelines update recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the importance of consulting an infectious diseases (ID) specialist to ensure a good outcome.
Researchers have developed a new vaccine candidate that significantly reduces the virus load in infected camels, offering a promising method to prevent human infections. The vaccine also provides dual activity, protecting camels from another disease similar to smallpox.
A new antiplatelet drug called PZ-128 has shown safe and fast effects in preventing blood clots, with reversal of its effects possible within 24 hours. The study found that the more PZ-128 was administered, the better it blocked platelet aggregation, with up to 100% effectiveness.
A breakthrough study has found that a bone drug can protect stem cells from the effects of ageing, extending their lifespan and maintaining their function. The drug, zoledronate, reduces DNA damage in mesenchymal stem cells, enhancing their survival and repair capabilities.
A new miniature robot, inspired by the jumping mechanism of locusts, can jump 11 feet high and cover a horizontal distance of 4.5 feet in one leap, making it suitable for search-and-rescue missions in rough terrain. The researchers are currently working on a gliding mechanism to expand its applications.
Research at the University of Leicester found that carbon emissions from tropical peatlands in Indonesia vary significantly depending on fire type and location. The study revealed that peatlands closer to canals have a higher probability of high-frequency fires, releasing harmful carbon emissions into the atmosphere.
The study found that mirrors in consumption settings can reduce the perceived tastiness of unhealthy food, leading to lower consumption. The presence of a mirror did not affect the taste of healthy food, suggesting it's only an issue for unhealthy options.
The Danish berry industry is adopting more sustainable practices, including organic farming, to increase competitiveness and profitability. The project aims to expand organic blackcurrant and sour cherry production, while developing high-value products such as cherry wine and gourmet juices.
Scientists recreated the skull of the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens and Neanderthals by applying digital methods and statistical techniques. The 'virtual fossil' reveals that this ancestral population likely originated in Africa and had early hallmarks of both species, with a split timeline of around 700,000 years ago.
A streamlined PITCh system enables efficient genome editing for inserting foreign DNA into targeted genomic loci. This method can aid rapid research progress in fields like drug screening and human disease modeling.
Researchers at the University of Basel have solved the structure of mammalian TOR complex 1 (mTORC1), a critical regulator of cellular processes. The study reveals the unique architecture of mTORC1, highlighting the importance of partner proteins in its function.
Researchers create a new method for generating training images to simulate natural variability, allowing for more accurate predictions and decision-making in various activities such as environmental cleanup and oil drilling. By analyzing a series of images using the demon algorithm, scientists select representative snapshots that captu...
Research reveals tiny genetic molecules called microRNAs play crucial role in controlling muscles, with dysfunction linked to devastating neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS and SMA. The findings open new avenues for treating these disorders by correcting dysfunctional microRNAs.
A study published in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy found ESD to be a safe and effective treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer, achieving an en bloc resection rate of 100% and complete resection rate of 79.5%. The procedure showed minimal side effects, with a three-year overall survival rate of 97.7%.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have made a groundbreaking discovery that the nucleus acts as a passive filter to regulate gene activity, reducing random noise. By visualizing subtle physiological details with microscopic dyes, they were able to detect and predict the activity of individual genes in human cells.
Investors exhibit an ostrich pattern in attending to their portfolios, logging in less when expecting bad news. This behavior is prevalent among men, older investors, and those with greater portfolio balances.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have developed a new nanotechnology approach using 'smart fat cells' that can pass the blood-brain barrier to detect early-stage brain tumors. This breakthrough could transform gliomas from a death sentence into a treatable condition, enabling patients to receive timely treatment.
New research reveals that sustainable forestry policies in the Congo Basin may inadvertently cause increased deforestation and timber production. The studies found that selective logging, often done under compliant policies, leads to indirect deforestation by spreading activities over larger areas. Human settlements also grow near lega...
A study led by Dr Gerry McCann found that treating multiple narrowed arteries during a heart attack does not increase the amount of heart muscle damage. The research suggests it is safe for cardiologists to insert stents in all discovered narrowings while treating a heart attack.
Human pluripotent stem cells have been shown to develop normally when transplanted into an embryo, offering new hope for regenerative medicine treatments. The study provides strong evidence that stem cells are likely to be safe and effective for treating serious conditions like heart disease and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers discovered a compound that targets gut microbes to prevent heart disease by preventing the formation of toxic metabolic byproducts. This new approach may provide a whole new strategy for treating cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
A recent survey of praying mantises in Rwanda revealed a significant increase in species diversity, with 28 new records added to the country and 20 new regional records discovered. The study highlights the importance of further research into insect fauna in Rwanda's national parks.
Researchers connected two materials with unusual quantum-mechanical properties through a quantum constriction, enabling clean materials with intriguing quantum-mechanical properties. This collaboration opens up a new research direction for ultrafast and robust electronic networks.
Researchers used computer simulations to determine that plesiosaurs flapped their front flippers in an underwater flight motion, similar to that of a penguin, to achieve propulsion. The rear flippers were likely used for steering and stability, contradicting previous assumptions about their role.
Researchers developed algorithms predicting seizure origin and spread based on brain data from 22 epilepsy patients. This could lead to more objective surgical targets and improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers at OIST discovered a molecular mechanism involved in storing and burning fat. They found that mice lacking two specific genes remain lean even after eating a high-fat diet due to increased expression of Ucp1, which helps convert stored fat into heat.
A new study reveals a plant protein's role in detecting molecular signals from beneficial fungi, allowing plants to harness essential nutrients and sugars. This symbiotic relationship, prevalent across the plant kingdom, is believed to be crucial to early terrestrial survival and the evolution of life on Earth.
Researchers have identified a naturally occurring inhibitor that reduces TMAO levels and prevents atherosclerosis in mice, suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing heart disease and other metabolic diseases linked to gut microbes.
A rare full moon will occur on December's Full Cold Moon, marking the first time since 1977. NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has been studying the lunar surface since 2009 and is currently orbiting Earth's moon.
Scientists found that nickel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes decompose into initial reagent and nickel hydroxide when exposed to water. The rate of hydrolysis varies depending on the type of NHC ligand, with some complexes breaking down quickly while others remain stable for over a week.
The California Academy of Sciences has added 102 new plant and animal species to Earth's family tree, enriching our understanding of the planet's complex web of life. These discoveries include tiny, blood-sucking Dracula ants, vibrant sea slugs, and eight new viruses from around five continents and three oceans.
A new study published in The Lancet found that annual blood tests for ovarian cancer screening may reduce mortality rates by up to 20%. The UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening showed a delayed effect on mortality between the screening and control arms, becoming significant after seven years.
African-Americans and Latinos show deeper mistrust of physicians due to cultural and socioeconomic factors. Physicians must consider structural competency, including a patient's neighborhood, policies, and institutions, to provide better care.
Researchers have developed an autonomous fixed-wing micro air vehicle (MAV) inspired by the way kestrels hover above their prey. The MAV gains height from convenient updrafts, making it more efficient and extending its working range for tasks such as package delivery and surveillance.
A Mayo Clinic study of 102 lung transplant patients found that those who were frail before surgery had lower survival rates at one and three years post-transplant. Frailty was associated with decreased survival and poorer outcomes.
Consuming a beverage rich in cocoa flavanols improves blood vessel function and reduces diastolic blood pressure in patients with kidney failure. Individuals with failing kidneys are at increased risk of developing heart problems, but diet-based therapeutic approaches to counteract cardiovascular disease are limited.
A study published in The Journal of Physiology found that regular exercise can significantly reduce the physiological severity of hot flushes experienced by post-menopausal women. By improving blood flow and reducing sweating, exercise minimizes the physical discomfort associated with hot flushes.
The 2015 American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting drew a record attendance of over 5,200 professionals to discuss new discoveries and emerging technologies in treating epilepsy. Key findings included studies on the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical CBD for severe epilepsy and personalized medicine that offers new targets for diagno...
A clinical trial found that stem cell transplantation did not provide significant improvement in sustained disease remission after one year for patients with difficult-to-treat Crohn's disease. However, some patients showed objective signs of disease disappearance and discontinued active treatment more frequently in the stem cell group.
Researchers have found regional temperature variations of up to three times greater than expected in the lower mantle where it meets the core. The discovery will help explain the structure of the Earth and its formation.
A study reveals how CARD9 specifically protects the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) from fungal infections. Researchers found that mice and humans lacking functional CARD9 cannot recruit neutrophils to control Candida infection in the CNS, highlighting the critical role of CARD9 in promoting antifungal immunity.
A systematic review study suggests that nonoperative treatment of appendicitis is probably safe for adults but raises concerns about long-term outcomes. The study found that antibiotics-first treatment was successful in 3 out of 4 patients, but questions remain about quality of life, residual symptoms, and financial considerations.
The UK's failure to fortify flour with folic acid has caused around 2000 avoidable cases of neural tube defects since 1998. Researchers recommend adopting the US policy to curb associated deaths and disability, citing a potential fall in prevalence of 21% if implemented.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discover how dopamine alters connections between neurons in fly brain to change odor responses. This study parallels the action of dopamine in human brain, suggesting a coordinated mechanism for flexible behavior.
A person's first flu infection stimulates key antibody production, which later influences responses to other seasonal strains. Researchers found that early exposure, such as in childhood, can imprint the immune system and shape its response.
Dr. Leon Iasemidis, a renowned expert in nonlinear dynamics and biomedical engineering, has been named a National Academy of Inventors Fellow for his outstanding inventions that have made a tangible impact on quality of life and economic development. He is recognized for his research in seizure prediction and control of epilepsy, with ...
A 14-year study found that annual screening with a blood test utilizing the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA) significantly reduced mortality from ovarian cancer, particularly in women without evidence of cancer at study entry. The results showed a 20% reduction in risk of dying from ovarian cancer.
Researchers altered brain activity of rats by changing firing rates of neurons in the central thalamus, waking some and putting others into unconscious states. The study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan brain activity and may guide deep brain stimulation therapies for neurological disorders.
A randomized clinical trial found that vitamin D2 supplements did not reduce the need for anemia drugs in dialysis patients. The study, published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, suggests that nutritional vitamin D may have no role in treating anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease or kidney failure.
Scientists have discovered a gene responsible for dividing two related fruit fly species, providing insight into the evolutionary process of speciation. The gfzf gene plays a role in regulating cell cycle progression and may also contribute to the development of cancer.
Researchers found five genetic loci associated with successful aging, involved in cell senescence, autoimmunity, and Alzheimer's disease. These genes may provide clues about physiological mechanisms for healthy aging and have the potential to improve health outcomes.
A computer model predicts changes in tidal water level and salinity in Bangladesh's delta region, affecting farmland and the Sundarbans mangrove forests. The model could inform decisions on irrigation and crop management to mitigate potential flooding and ecosystem damage.
The article highlights four ways in which current hunting policies for large carnivores do not align with ecological theory and data. The authors emphasize the need to account for different methods of sampling effort and detection, as well as evaluate policies state by state.
Researchers have discovered a direct link between autism symptoms and reduced action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. The study suggests that increasing brain concentrations of GABA may have potential as an autism treatment.
The Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research discusses new recommendations from the Center for Medical Technology Policy's Green Park Collaborative for evaluating oncology treatment sequences. The framework developed by GPC-USA aims to fill evidence gaps and identify patient-important outcomes, ultimately improving cancer patient ...
Research suggests environmental changes are driving an increase in Plasmodium knowlesi malaria cases among people in Malaysia. Deforestation and land use changes are thought to be key drivers of the emergence of this disease, which is usually found only in monkeys.
A NYU nursing study found that obesity is a significant risk factor for breast cancer-related lymphedema, which can be managed with early and appropriate treatment. The study suggests that general instructions on nutrition-balanced diets and physical activities can help maintain pre-surgery weight.
Researchers discovered epigenetic modifications in mouse brains that influence long-term memory, suggesting a potential code for memory content and new therapeutic targets. The study also found these modifications occur in non-neuronal cells, expanding our understanding of neuroplasticity regulation.
Cardiff University scientists have engineered a new dual 'homing' agent that inactivates the complement system in the brain, reducing inflammation and aiding recovery. The treatment has shown promise in mice with traumatic brain injuries, potentially leading to life-changing benefits for humans.
The La Jolla Institute will characterize immune responses to dengue virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the HIPC grant. The research aims to identify effective gene signatures for vaccines against these diseases, which are major global health challenges.
Researchers found that flaviviruses target peroxisomes to subvert the body's early antiviral defenses. The degradation of protein Pex19 leads to a loss of interferon production, making cells more vulnerable to viral infection.
Researchers have discovered a compound that induces genes to control infection in several known viruses, including West Nile and Ebola. The findings show promising evidence for creating a broad-spectrum antiviral that can suppress a range of RNA viruses.
Researchers found that individuals with autism have lower levels of GABA, a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, which suggests a breakdown in the signaling pathway. This breakthrough could lead to early intervention efforts through visual screening tests for younger children.
Researchers at the University of Luxembourg have discovered a high-k-material that enables better energy storage devices, which could lead to smaller, faster and more efficient electronics. The material's unique dielectric properties allow it to generate strong electric fields, making it suitable for capacitors.
A study found that patients younger than 50 diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer have a higher likelihood of having a targetable genomic alteration for which therapies exist. However, they also have an unexpectedly poor prognosis, with median survival rates ranging from 13.6 months for those over 70 to 18.2 months for those under 40.
Researchers discovered that lung cancer in younger patients has distinct genetic subtypes that can be treated with available targeted therapies. However, these patients' survival times are shorter than expected due to the more aggressive nature of the disease.
The invasive spotted lanternfly can cause considerable damage to crops and ornamental plants. A new resource provides information on how to identify and manage the pest, which has already been detected in Pennsylvania and may spread to other areas.
Researchers studied three species of snakes to understand how their unique belly shapes aid in climbing. Brown tree snakes have sharp-edged keels that allow them to grip and propel themselves up trees efficiently, a trait also seen in some corn snakes but not boa constrictors.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a new ultra-high-resolution technique to study polymer fibers trapping uranium in seawater. The findings suggest that traditional approaches to understanding the binding of uranium by polymer fibers do not accurately represent its behavior in bulk materials.
The study reveals that glutamate triggers calcium release to stabilize GABAA receptors, maintaining proper excitatory-inhibitory balance. This finding has implications for understanding disorders related to imbalance, such as epilepsy and autism.
Researchers found that soaking islet cells in Anti-aging Glycopeptide (AAGP) protects them from tacrolimus, a toxic drug commonly used during transplants. This allows for fewer cells to be used, potentially treating more patients with the Edmonton Protocol.
Berkeley Lab researchers model hot carrier movement in real-time, distinguishing between plasmon and single particle excitation behaviors. The study shows that 90% of plasmon energy can be converted to single particle energy when excitations are in tune.
Researchers have discovered molecules that act as cellular identification tags on neurons in the fruit fly Drosophila, guiding the development of the neuromuscular and visual systems. The finding validates a theory proposed by Roger Sperry in the 1950s and provides insight into brain development.
A leading researcher at the Case Western Reserve University School of Nursing is developing new treatments for cystic fibrosis, a life-threatening genetic disease. The scientist will lead two studies to explore gene-modifying treatments that can minimize CF symptoms, including medications and genetic correction.
Researchers have successfully synthesized a two-dimensional sheet of boron, known as borophene, with metallic properties at the nanoscale. The material's unique atomic configuration and anisotropy result in a high tensile strength, making it a promising candidate for applications in electronics and photovoltaics.
The latest volume of Research on Chrysomelidae celebrates its 30-year legacy, featuring works from a multinational research team and dedicated to Prof. Pierre Jolivet's contributions. New areas for investigation are highlighted, including Madagascar and the impact of deforestation.
Researchers have successfully mapped the structural map of a tiny cellular nanomachine called diacylglycerol kinase, which plays a critical role in bacterial cell wall synthesis. The nanomachine's evolution is an extraordinary feat of nature, and its molecular blueprint has shed new light on how it performs its cellular duties.
A new study from NIMBioS sheds light on strategies used by creationists to influence evolution teaching in public schools. Antievolution bills show evidence of 'descent with modification,' copying recent legislation, and often tie back to creationism through statements or sponsors.
A 14,000-year-old thigh bone found in China suggests a mysterious pre-modern human species may have survived until the end of the last Ice Age. The bone has features similar to ancient human genera, including Homo habilis and early Homo erectus.
A recent study by the University of Melbourne found that every Australian city and town has threatened species. The study highlights the importance of planning and managing cities for conservation as well as human wellbeing.
The OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA), contributed by the Canadian Space Agency, will create 3-D maps of asteroid Bennu to select a sample collection site. The OLA is an advanced LIDAR system scanning the entire surface of the asteroid for fundamental data on its shape and topography.
A University of Utah-led study identified a long-sought 'hybrid inviability gene' responsible for dead or infertile offspring when two fruit fly species mate. The discovery sheds light on the genetic and molecular process leading to formation of new species, and may provide clues to how cancer develops.
Following a terrorist attack in London, research found that liberal attitudes towards Muslims and immigrants shifted towards conservative views, with increased national loyalty and decreased emphasis on fairness. This shift was attributed to changes in moral foundations, including greater in-group loyalty and prejudice against out-groups.