The FANTOM5 project has discovered that the activation of enhancers triggers coordinated changes in gene expression, leading to dramatic cellular phenotypic changes. This understanding is crucial for understanding cell differentiation and human biology.
A recent study led by Simon Fraser University biologist Isabelle Côté suggests that closing the high seas to fishing would have little impact on global fish catches. Most fish stocks are already shared between the high seas and exclusive economic zones, reducing the financial implications of such a closure.
A new study of cancer patient-clinician encounters found that only a small percentage of patients requested clinically inappropriate tests or treatments. Most requests were for imaging studies, laboratory tests, or palliative care interventions, with few requesting chemotherapy or proton beam therapy.
A new study found that healthcare workers are 4.5 times more likely to suffer from irritant contact dermatitis after increased hand washing efforts, highlighting a potential counter-productive effect on infection reduction campaigns.
A recent study published in Science estimates that between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tons of plastic enter the ocean every year, mainly from coastal regions. The researchers used a grand model to estimate the amount of plastic waste entering the ocean and found that it is significantly higher than previously estimated.
Researchers at the University of Washington found that female teachers can inspire high school girls to be interested in computer science. The study also recommends broadening the image of who computer scientists are to counteract negative stereotypes. By shifting these stereotypes, more girls can feel included and encouraged to pursue...
University of Utah scientists develop computational model to predict catalyst performance, allowing for the design of more efficient and selective catalysts. The model uses big data analysis to identify structural features that correlate with reaction selectivity.
Researchers have developed a new fluorescent protein called CaMPARI, which permanently marks neurons that are active at a particular time. This allows scientists to visualize neural activity beyond the limited field of view of a microscope and capture snapshots of neural activity during complex behaviors.
A recent study suggests that both regions will experience severe droughts in the future, worse than any in the last millennium. The projections are based on computer model simulations and comparison with past climate reconstructions, indicating a future with extremely parched Southwest and Central Plains.
A study from San Francisco State University found that native bees can provide sufficient pollination for tomatoes in urban gardens, with floral resource density being the key factor. This research challenges conventional wisdom and offers good news for farmers in space-starved cities.
A new study by Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University finds that obese black and white women have distinct attitudes towards weight, with black women being more accepting of obesity. Despite differing views, neither group expressed a desire to lose weight or increase physical activity.
A new study found that sleep-deprived individuals consume more fat and less carbohydrates, while displaying increased connectivity in the salience network, which is linked to emotional responses and bodily sensations. This unique approach examines changes in brain activity's impact on eating behavior following sleep deprivation.
A longitudinal study found that mental health improved among Latino adolescents over three years, but discrimination-related stress had a more detrimental effect on native-born immigrants. The study highlights the importance of considering discrimination in therapy sessions to help Latino youth flourish.
A study by Smithsonian scientists found that oyster disease is more prevalent in areas with low oxygen levels at night, which can cripple the oysters' defense against the parasite. However, surprisingly, oysters' filtration powers flag during periods of low oxygen but recover afterwards.
A recent study demonstrated high compliance among patients wearing the ZIO XT Patch, leading to a timely and definitive diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. The high patient engagement resulted in a large volume of quality ECG data, allowing for earlier detection and treatment.
A nationally representative survey shows that natural product use in the US has shifted since 2007, with some products becoming more popular and others falling out of favor. Fish oil was the top natural product among adults, while melatonin saw a significant increase in use among children.
A new variant of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus is threatening the survival of the Iberian lynx, a predator that relies heavily on wild rabbits for prey. The study found a significant decline in rabbit populations and a notable drop in the number of Iberian lynx cubs born in the wild.
A new study found that stem cell transplants significantly reduced disease activity and brain damage in people with severe multiple sclerosis, compared to the existing drug mitoxantrone. The treatment showed promise as a potential alternative for those not responding well to standard treatments.
Research found that patients with low vitamin D levels suffered larger areas of dead tissue resulting from obstruction of the blood supply compared to those with normal levels. Additionally, a 10 ng/mL reduction in vitamin D level was associated with a decreased chance for healthy recovery after stroke
Researchers at UC San Diego identified a pyramid hierarchical network of coherent gene modules that regulate glioblastoma genes, involved in highly aggressive brain cancer. This finding informs a strategy to elucidate these modules and identify new drug therapies.
A study published in Nature shows that a release of carbon dioxide from the deep Southern Ocean helped bring an end to the last Ice Age. The finding provides insight into how oceanic carbon storage affects climate change.
Scientists have created a conjugate molecule that targets and suppresses prostate cancer growth in mice, using a near-infrared dye and MAO-A inhibitor. The compound NMI shows promise as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool for prostate and other cancers.
A study in California's Sierra Nevada region found a nine-fold increase in standing dead trees and nearly three times more logs on the ground, but smaller and more decayed pieces. This shift poses a challenge for forest managers, who must balance habitat value with fire hazard reduction.
Franziska Michor's research combines evolutionary biology, mathematics, and clinical research to better understand cancer genesis and treatments. Her work has furnished a precise understanding of drug resistance and led to the development of novel cancer treatment regimens.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that the order of genetic mutations acquired determines how cancer behaves. The study found that patients who acquire mutations in JAK2 prior to those in TET2 are more likely to develop a severe red blood cell disease subtype and suffer from blood clots.
A new study by Georgia Institute of Technology found that music can impair the memory of older adults when trying to remember names. The researchers tested participants' ability to associate faces with names in silence and while listening to background music, discovering a 10% decline in performance among older adults.
A new species of hummingbird has been discovered in the Bahamas, characterized by its distinctive lyre-tailed plumage and unique courtship displays. Genetic analysis reveals that the two subspecies diverged around 400,000 to 1 million years ago.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University developed a new system called Crowdy that recruits viewers to create subgoal labels for educational videos. The system improves video annotations by leveraging crowdsourcing, reducing costs to $1 per minute, and enhancing learner retention and satisfaction.
The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute awarded $462,656 to 17 projects statewide to address community-identified needs and decrease the impact of cancer on Oregonians. The funded projects focus on preventing tobacco use among youth, increasing colorectal cancer screening, and developing skin cancer prevention programs.
A new study found that teachers with higher symptoms of depression had classrooms of lesser quality, resulting in lower math performance gains for students. Schools need mental health support systems to help teachers cope with chronic stress.
Astronomers found a supermassive black hole actively heating and blasting gas in the galaxy J1430+1339, transforming it into an elliptical-type galaxy devoid of gas. The VLA observations revealed powerful jets and winds that remove or destroy raw material needed for star formation.
Public health scientists receiving funding from companies like Coca-Cola and Mars have also advised on nutritional guidance, raising questions about bias and conflict of interest. Research funded by the sugar industry has been linked to obesity crisis solutions.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a protein called RGS6 that controls both alcohol craving and organ damage. The team found that inhibiting RGS6 could represent a new approach to counteract alcohol dependence and protect against cell-killing actions of alcohol.
A landmark study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows a dramatic improvement in restoring blood flow to the brain after adding stent thrombectomy to standard clot-dissolving therapy. The new treatment restores blood flow to 89% of patients, with 71% returning to independent living.
Researchers found that aged mice developed more severe intestinal permeability and bacterial infections after stroke, leading to higher mortality rates. In contrast, social isolation improved recovery in aged mice by reducing inflammation and enhancing brain function.
The new system, developed by NOAA scientists, can track individual whales and increase the sample size of the population count. This allows for more accurate estimates of population size and helps conservation efforts.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz identified RAB3GAP complex as a key factor in autophagy, a process that breaks down cellular proteins and organelles. This discovery may enable innovative approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
A study by Monash University found that while seven in eight students use Wikipedia, it's not considered the most useful education resource. Academics and universities should integrate Wikipedia into teaching and learning to support students' scholarship.
George Mason University researchers have discovered peptides in alligator blood that can effectively fight bacterial infections. These peptides, part of the innate immunity system, could potentially be developed into new treatments for wound infections and biothreat agents.
Case Western Reserve University researcher Michael Pollino developed a computer model that suggests optimal sizes for 'rocking steel-braced frames' to dissipate seismic energy. These designs could provide better earthquake resilience and repairability, potentially reducing costs.
Researchers found that pioglitazone enhances ROS production in white blood cells, killing difficult-to-treat pathogens. This finding demonstrates a relevant contribution to host defense in mouse and cellular models of chronic granulomatous disease.
The Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of Tropical Depression Higos being pushed eastward, leaving behind a thin band of clouds. The storm's wind shear is estimated to be between 20 and 30 knots, causing it to dissipate under hostile atmospheric conditions.
A new $10 million research program aims to investigate and experimentally validate nutritional interventions, develop reliable DNA tests, and introduce new cancer prevention strategies to the general public and policymakers. Research suggests that more than half of all colon cancers can be prevented through dietary and behavioral inter...
Researchers at McGill University developed a powerful new intraoperative probe for detecting cancer cells in real time during surgery. The Raman spectroscopy probe has a greater than 92% accuracy in identifying invasive brain cancers, and its use may improve patient outcomes by reducing cancer recurrence and extending survival times.
Scientists develop nanofibers from tilapia collagen and apply them to rat wounds, resulting in faster healing times and no immune reactions. The study suggests fish collagen could be a viable alternative for wound treatment, reducing the risk of transmitting diseases.
A recent study by University of Vermont researchers reveals that socializing with neighbors is linked to a set of environmental behaviors, including buying chemical-free fruits and vegetables, conserving water and energy, and driving less. Generalized trust in others also plays a crucial role in promoting eco-friendly habits.
Researchers found that treating the uninjured side of the brain can boost growth factors and create new blood vessels, aiding stroke recovery. This approach also benefits the uninjured side with a boost of growth factors.
The American Stroke Association is honoring three researchers for their groundbreaking work in stroke prevention and treatment. Graeme J. Hankey, Michael Chopp, and Lewis B. Morgenstern are receiving awards for their lifetime contributions to the field of stroke research.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that endovascular treatment can dramatically improve patient outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke, increasing positive outcomes from 30% to 55%. The treatment resulted in a 50% reduction in deaths and restored blood flow to the brain.
A Florida State University and Russian Academy of Sciences team found that space travel may impair the body's ability to regulate blood flow to the brain, contributing to temporary or permanent vision problems experienced by astronauts. The research team plans to conduct further experiments to find solutions.
Researchers from Berkeley Lab presented on severe weather events in a changing climate, novel technologies for exploring uncultivated microorganisms, and future of accelerators. They also discussed battery innovations and what to expect from the LHC's second run.
A 12-year study by Kaiser Permanente found that common surgical procedures for precancerous cervical lesions do not decrease women's chances of becoming pregnant. In fact, women who had these procedures were more likely to become pregnant than those who did not.
A novel, non-invasive treatment strategy for Cushing Disease has been discovered using silibinin from milk thistle seeds. The active compound binds to heat shock protein 90, allowing glucocorticoid receptor molecules to dissolve and restore normal ACTH production.
Dynamic MPAs can move in time and space to protect migratory species, while CCAMLR's success in Antarctica offers a model for high seas conservation. Closing the high seas to fishing could lead to increased catch and more equitable distribution through EEZs.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School and University of Waterloo have discovered a new lethal combination of cancer drugs that can shrink tumors and extend the survival of mice with cancer. The study found that targeting specific protein Hck can kill transitioning cells between non-Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and CSCs.
Eleven University of Waterloo researchers are receiving funding to collaborate with industry on strategic research projects. The grants will support the development of innovative technologies, including electronic fabric for water filtration systems and secure mobile cloud computing.
A new study by scientists from Bangladesh explores the viability of a novel structure for generating high-power microwaves, offering an alternative to traditional approaches. The proposed semi-circular slow wave structure is capable of producing high-power microwaves via ultra-high-frequency radio waves.
A University of Miami study found that short-form mindfulness meditation training reduces attentional lapses and mind wandering, enhancing cognitive resilience in military personnel. This technique can be beneficial for civilians in demanding professions as well.
Researchers analyzed genetic samples from over 300,000 individuals to find genetic variations associated with obesity traits. They discovered 140 locations across the genome that play roles in various obesity traits, including waist-to-hip circumference ratio.
A leading group of obesity experts argues that obesity is a chronic disease with biological causes that cannot be cured by diet and exercise. Many people with obesity struggle to lose weight and regain it, as their bodies have adapted to conserve energy during times of food scarcity.