A new satellite-based study found that tropical forests lost 4 million hectares annually from 1990-2000 and 6.5 million hectares from 2000-2010, with a 62% increase in deforestation rate.
A study by economists from Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena found that three out of four customer complaints are not passed on to line managers, despite specific regulations in place. The researchers recommend training employees on the importance of forwarding complaints and developing incentives for their participation.
Researchers developed a new method to stabilize 3DOm carbon, which can improve the performance of lithium-air batteries. This breakthrough enables energy storage with five to 10 times more energy density than current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers have discovered the brightest quasar in the early universe, powered by a massive 12 billion solar mass black hole. The quasar's luminosity is equivalent to 420 trillion suns and is seven times brighter than the most distant known quasar.
A large nationwide cohort study found that people with ADHD have a lower life expectancy and are more than twice as likely to die prematurely as those without the disorder. Accidents were the most common cause of death in individuals with ADHD, and women had a higher relative risk of premature death compared to men.
A large study found that viral infections are more common than bacterial infections in children with pneumonia, with respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus being major culprits. The results suggest a need for improved prevention and treatment strategies to address the growing burden of childhood pneumonia.
A team of researchers has developed a new sizing system for hybrid photovoltaic panel/battery systems using fuzzy logic, which can determine optimal panel surfaces and battery capacity. The system was verified through simulations and demonstrated effectiveness in optimizing cost and losses.
Tel Aviv University researchers have discovered a practical solution to fog detection using cellular communication networks. The study utilizes higher cellular frequencies to detect even light fog, providing high-resolution spatial measurements and potentially reducing accidents. Current fog monitoring tools are insufficient, but the n...
A study of 100 pancreatic cancer genomes identifies four subtypes, including 'stable', 'locally rearranged', 'scattered', and 'unstable' genomes. The analysis suggests that patients with 'unstable' genomes respond well to platinum-based drugs and PARP inhibitors, offering a promising lead for personalized treatment.
A new study found that EEG measurements were more accurate in predicting individual preferences for movies than participants' conscious statements. The study also suggested that EEG tests are relatively cheap and can capture complete information about consumer behavior.
Scientists at UT Arlington discovered that optogenetically stimulating a small area of the brain, specifically the anterior cingulate cortex, can significantly reduce pain behavior in lab mice. This breakthrough could lead to new strategies for managing chronic pain and improving our understanding of pain pathways.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a protein found in ticks that can prevent frostbite in mice. The antifreeze protein, when introduced into mouse cells or whole live mice, showed significant protection against frostbite, with 60% of treated mice showing no visible signs of damage.
Researchers identified a positive feedback loop between genes and proteins that regulates floral abscission, allowing plants to shed petals. The study, supported by the National Science Foundation, provides new insights into plant development and responses to environmental cues.
A $14 million, five-year PCORI award funds the first statewide study of its kind to examine the effectiveness of comprehensive post-stroke care in improving daily function and reducing caregiver stress. The COMPASS study will compare patients who receive existing stroke treatment with those who receive comprehensive services at home.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing Research found that marketing managers' attempts to imagine themselves as consumers lead to biased predictions, with their own preferences taking over. The researchers conducted four studies and discovered that by acknowledging this bias, managers can overcome it and make more customer-centric de...
A recent study found that financial incentives can encourage one in five pregnant women to quit smoking, with a significant number stopping at least for the duration of their pregnancy. The scheme, which provided vouchers worth up to £752, was successful in motivating many women to quit, with only a small number 'gaming' the system.
Researchers deciphered the signaling pathways associated with immortal cells, which work in parallel to suppress terminal differentiation. The discovery enables the use of purified proteins to reduce contamination and accelerate clinical application.
Research suggests that heart failure patients who struggle with daily activities are at a higher risk of hospitalization and early death. The study found that older women, unmarried individuals, and those with chronic conditions such as obesity, dementia, anemia, and diabetes were more likely to experience these negative outcomes.
A new open-source resource helps scientists accurately date the tree of life by combining fossil data with DNA sequences, providing minimum ages for groups such as mollusks, penguins, and humans. This will aid in understanding the origin and evolution of biodiversity.
A Northwestern University study found that community navigators can significantly improve healthcare outcomes for low-income, uninsured Spanish-speaking women. Despite facing numerous barriers, patients in the navigation program had shorter follow-up times and did not experience delayed diagnoses compared to English-speaking counterparts.
Researchers from Purdue University and collaborators found that offspring survival in Lake Michigan is on the rise despite smaller parent size, with potential benefits for juvenile smelt. The study suggests that fewer adults may be allowing hatchlings to thrive due to reduced predation pressure.
A new study reveals that media portrayals of monkeys in human settings increase their desirability as pets and alter public perception. The research, published in PLOS ONE, suggests that such images change the way people perceive these species from wild animals needing conservation help to those suitable as household pets.
A study by the University of Cambridge found that sleeping over 8 hours a day is associated with a greater risk of stroke, particularly for older individuals. The researchers followed 10,000 participants and discovered that those who persistedently slept longer had double the risk of stroke compared to those with average sleep duration.
A seven-year study found that responsive direct cortical stimulation significantly reduced seizures by up to 60% and improved quality of life. The Long-Term Treatment Study showed that 84% of participants experienced some improvement, with 16% being seizure-free for at least three months.
Researchers discovered that increased levels of retinoic acid reduce blood cell production, while lower levels increase it by 300%. This finding supports the need for pregnant women to limit their vitamin A intake. The study also contributes to the development of artificial blood stem cells for patients with blood disorders.
The UC Davis project, part of the FAANG Initiative, focuses on functional genomics of chicken, cow, and pig genomes to better understand gene regulation and complex traits. This research aims to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability by identifying key genetic elements influencing animal development and behavior.
Researchers at Aarhus University have made a comprehensive description of the proteins in gila lizard venom, which could lead to the development of new types of drugs. The study identified nineteen new proteins with potential pharmaceutical applications, including treatments for blood clots and pain relief.
A common antibiotic, clarithromycin, has shown potential as an anti-cancer agent when used in combination with other drugs. Low- and middle-income countries may play a key role in developing this treatment, which could lead to improved patient outcomes.
A new open-source database, Fossil Calibration Database, has been launched to help researchers accurately estimate the origins of all species. The database synthesizes data from the fossil record with molecular evidence, enabling 'molecular dating' studies.
Three Austrian men have undergone a new technique called 'bionic reconstruction', enabling them to use a robotic prosthetic hand controlled by their mind. The technique restored a high level of function, aiding in activities of daily living and improving quality of life.
A large Australian study confirms that up to two-thirds of smokers will die from their habit if they continue smoking. The study found that smokers have a three-fold risk of premature death compared to non-smokers.
A study by Alfred Wegener Institute finds that ocean acidification negatively impacts diatom growth in the Southern Ocean, particularly under changing light conditions. Diatoms' biomass production could be drastically reduced in future scenarios with more acidic water.
Jonathan Timcheck, an Ohio State Honors student, has been awarded a Churchill Scholarship to study applied math at the University of Cambridge. He will leverage his experience with GPUs on OSC's Oakley Cluster to explore cutting-edge mathematical methods for analyzing large datasets.
A new pretreatment process called Co-solvent Enhanced Lignocellulosic Fractionation (CELF) reduces the need for enzymes in biofuel production by up to 90%, cutting costs by 30% or more. This technology also extracts up to 90% of lignin from biomass, paving the way for additional high-value chemicals and fuels.
Researchers identified a strong association between an East-Asian specific mutation and increased risk of wet AMD, highlighting the importance of HDL metabolism in the disease's pathogenesis. The study also uncovered three new genes linked to AMD for the first time.
Researchers have identified a region in the human genome associated with peanut allergy in U.S. children, suggesting that genes may contribute to its development. The study also found evidence of epigenetic changes that may influence whether those with genetic susceptibility develop the allergy.
Recent studies by McMaster University researchers found that preventing weight gain is challenging for all ages, while keeping lost weight off is also tough. Small weight losses, however, can have a positive impact on health.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a genetic pathway that regulates thousands of genes and may fuel cancer cell growth. Blocking this pathway with the experimental drug selumetinib led to reduced tumor growth and increased cell death, offering new hope for aggressive pediatric brain cancer treatment.
A study by Bernhard Ganss and colleagues found that amelotin is essential for enamel mineralization and maturation. Ammelotin-deficient mice exhibited weak incisor-edge enamel that fractured and chipped, with delayed enamel mineralization and retention of organic matrix.
Researchers develop cubic nanoantennas made of insulating materials, overcoming heating and fabrication challenges, enabling applications in biomedicine, nanolasers, and photovoltaics. The antennas have the potential to measure food safety, identify pollutants, diagnose cancer, and transmit data with ultrafast processing.
A study analyzed lung cancer incidence and screening trends, finding a decline in the proportion of patients meeting high-risk screening criteria. The decline indicates an increasing number of patients with lung cancer would not have been candidates for screening.
Polyculturalism rejects traditional models of cultural understanding, instead viewing cultures as networks. It offers new ways to select and train employees for culturally diverse roles and provides insight into how cultures change through intercultural knowledge and relationships.
The discovery of a new turtle genus in Wyoming provides insight into how animals may respond to future climate change. Modern-day turtles may struggle to migrate northward due to habitat loss and human pressures, leading to some species' potential extinction.
A comprehensive, population-based regional health care management program for men with prostate cancer has led to improved outcomes. The program includes safety-net screening programs, improved surgical procedures, and enhanced drug management, resulting in lower rates of blood loss and osteoporosis-related complications.
A genome-wide association study identified a genetic risk area on chromosome 6 linked to peanut allergy in US children of European descent. The study found two closely linked genes, HLA-DR and HLA-DQ, associated with epigenetic changes that may contribute to the development of peanut allergy.
Filipinos who move to Canada are diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger age than women from other parts of East Asia or Caucasians. They are also more likely to be diagnosed with a more aggressive form of cancer and undergo mastectomies.
A new study in JAMA found that patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) along with anticoagulant medications after a heart attack are at higher risk for bleeding and cardiovascular events. The research suggests that there is no safe window for concomitant NSAID use, even short-term treatment.
Researchers found that teen girls from rural areas were more likely to have undiagnosed asthma, with a higher rate of depression among asthmatic teens. The study suggests that depression can be a barrier to diagnosis and treatment of the disease, making it essential to address this issue.
Three UK-based research projects, led by Newcastle University, University of Bristol, and University of Warwick, aim to improve patient lives with assistive devices. The projects focus on developing prosthetic hands with sensory feedback and wearable soft robotics for independent living.
A new test from MIT researchers uses a simple paper strip to rapidly diagnose Ebola and other viral hemorrhagic fevers, such as yellow fever and dengue fever. The device takes about 10 minutes to produce results, allowing for quicker triage and isolation of patients.
The study reveals that nature-based tourism in protected areas is a significant economic driver, with an estimated annual value of $600 billion. This far surpasses the current spending on safeguarding these sites, which amounts to less than $10 billion annually.
A new study published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics shows that a low percentage of androgen-receptor-positive cells in triple-negative breast cancer cells can benefit from anti-androgen therapies. This finding may lead to a larger pool of patients eligible for targeted cancer therapy.
A study of 210 primary care resident physicians found they rarely perform alcohol screening and brief intervention, despite its effectiveness in detecting and reducing unhealthy alcohol use. The researchers suggest that medical school curricula focus on binge drinking rather than chronic dependence.
Researchers found that schizophrenia gene loci are linked to regions called human accelerated regions (HARs) in the genome, which control gene expression. These HAR-associated loci play a key role in regulating genes linked to schizophrenia, particularly those related to neurotransmitter GABA and brain development.
A new open-source resource, Fossil Calibration Database, provides carefully vetted fossil data to calibrate molecular clocks and reveal the ages of plant and animal groups. The database addresses the issue of improper use of fossil record data in 'divergence dating,' a field crucial for understanding biodiversity origins.
India's Whistle Blowers Protection Act 2011 is criticized for lacking specific criminal penalties and civil protections for whistleblowers. Despite this, organizations like Medileaks offer a platform for doctors to share information about malpractices in medicine.
Scientists estimate that about 22,000 tons of phosphorus-rich Saharan dust cross the Atlantic Ocean annually, replenishing depleted Amazon soils. This vital nutrient plays a crucial role in maintaining the Amazon ecosystem.
Researchers have identified potential targets for precision drugs that exploit cancer cells' inherent weaknesses in DNA repair systems. This discovery could lead to personalized medicine and potentially save thousands of cancer patients from chemotherapy's horrible side effects.
New satellite-based estimate reveals phosphorus transport from Saharan Desert to Amazon rainforest over multiple years. Researchers also investigate human and robotic missions to the Moon, potentially uncovering solar system origins.
A new TGen study finds targeting stroma surrounding cancer cells can improve treatments and extend patient survival in pancreatic cancer patients. High levels of stroma correlate with poor patient survival, with median survival rates ranging from 9-24 months depending on hyaluronan and collagen levels.