Researchers have created a pump that moves fluid using vibration instead of a rotor, potentially capturing wasted mechanical energy and reducing noise in industrial situations. The design mimics the movement of birds' flapping wings, which manipulate airflow to move themselves.
Researchers surveyed 1,000 people about their willingness to trade time and money to avoid taking daily medication for cardiovascular disease. The study found that 21% would accept minimal risk of death and 43% wouldn't take any risks, highlighting the impact of medication on quality of life.
Researchers at the University of Granada have successfully modified a type of lactose protein called beta-lactoglobulin using pulsed light, making it easier to digest. The treatment facilitates digestion, particularly in the small intestine, without altering the protein's functional properties.
A study reveals children with 'biallelic mismatch repair deficiency' (bMMRD) experience a rapid wave of genetic mutations, dubbed the 'great flood', which causes aggressive cancer. The research identifies a previously undiscovered mechanism for cancer progression and potential targets for treatment.
Research at The Mount Sinai Hospital found that cocaine users have impaired brain circuits for predicting emotional loss, making it difficult to learn from unfavorable outcomes. This impairment may underlie disadvantageous decision-making in individuals with substance use disorder.
Researchers found that surveillance use on Facebook can lead to feelings of envy and depression. Users who engage in comparison or surveillance behavior on the platform are more likely to experience negative mental health effects, according to a study published in Computers in Human Behavior.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz successfully investigated the dynamics of small magnetic whirls called skyrmions, which can store energy even after external excitation is stopped. This discovery has significant implications for future magnetic data storage and information processing.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center developed a wearable sensor system to track gait, balance, and other movements in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The APDM Mobility Lab can effectively assess the severity of the disorder even when medications are used to reduce symptoms.
Researchers discovered that lab-grown cells undergo rapid changes within three days of adaptation to their new environment. This finding affects the interpretation of past studies and provides clues for improving cell cultures.
A large study in sub-Saharan Africa found that vitamin A supplementation reduced malaria risk in children by 54% if administered during the wet season and to older children. The researchers suspect vitamin A boosts immunity and helps clear out the malaria parasite more quickly.
Researchers from UC Davis examine how plants adapt to diverse environments, shedding light on the tomato genome's response to stress and its potential applications in crop improvement. They also uncover previously unknown information about the wild and cultivated tomato genomes.
Researchers found that activation of cholinergic neurons in brain stem structures induced REM sleep in animal models. The findings provide a better understanding of brain mechanisms controlling different sleep states, essential for treating sleep disorders.
A new study outlines key targets for evolutionary research and education in central Africa to guide conservation efforts. The review emphasizes the importance of genomic research to understand species' capacity to adapt to environmental changes and highlights the need for increased surveying and sampling efforts, as well as standardize...
Berkeley researchers create nano-sized optical antenna that boosts spontaneous light emission by 115 times, enabling faster LED technology for microchips and alternative applications. The innovation has the potential to replace lasers for short-distance optical communications.
Researchers have clarified the compound's phases, thermal expansion and hydrogen bonds, shedding new light on its properties. The study uses advanced methods to determine the crystal structure and electronic structure of ammonium carbonate monohydrate.
Researchers at University of Texas at Austin developed the first silicene transistors, made of one-atom-thick silicon material. The breakthrough paves the way for faster and energy-efficient computer chips.
Researchers found that A1M stops the oxidation of blood fats and repairs damaged molecules, protecting against atherosclerosis. The protein can also clean and reduce oxidised blood fats from LDL and take care of dangerous substances from MPO.
A team from MIT and the University of Liege presents high-speed images showing that raindrops can act as a dispersing agent, catapulting contaminated droplets far from their leaf source. The researchers found that a plant's mechanical properties, particularly its compliance, determine the range of dispersal.
A Stanford study found that antibody-producing immune cells called B cells play a key role in the delayed onset of dementia after stroke. The presence of these cells, which are normally found only in the blood, can be linked to cognitive decline and memory loss in stroke patients.
Researchers at Ohio State University identified three genes that enable glioblastoma stem-like cells to survive radiation therapy. MELK and EZH2 proteins form a complex that drives EZH2 expression, promoting tumor development and progression.
A new study published in JAMA found that hospital report cards had no effect on surgical safety, including death rates, complications, readmissions, and costs. The study analyzed data from over 1 million Medicare patients and suggested that reporting data back to hospitals is not enough to improve quality.
Researchers analyze patients' genetic makeup to determine potential reactions to medications and reduce adverse effects. The goal is to increase the quality of life for individuals in behavioral health services, reducing emergency room visits and healthcare costs.
Scientists at USF have developed a handheld sensor that can debunk fraudulent seafood species claims, helping ensure consumers get what they pay for. The QuadPyre RT-NASBA technology is accurate enough to detect grouper substitution on cooked fish at the point of restaurant service.
Researchers discovered clusters of gene-blocking microRNAs expressed only in oligometastatic cells, which can shut down specific genes involved in metastasis. These findings suggest microRNAs could provide a personalized biomarker to predict tumor aggressiveness and guide effective treatment.
A new analysis finds that ocean acidification could significantly impact up to 21-32% of calcifying marine species, including coral, clams, and sea urchins. This widespread impact could have far-reaching consequences for ecosystems worldwide, as these species provide essential nursery habitats and food sources for other marine organisms.
Research by the University of Manchester's National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness found that high staff turnover and complaints were associated with higher patient suicide rates. The study suggests that mental health services should closely monitor these factors to ensure patient safety.
A study published in the Journal of Immunology found that infusing memory cells can produce and repeatedly replenish all of the T-effector cells needed to fight CMV infection. This approach may improve on current therapeutic options for controlling CMV infection, which affects up to 80% of adults in the US.
Researchers identified significant differences in DNA methylation patterns between male and female brains during prenatal development. These epigenetic changes may contribute to the origins of disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
New reproductive technologies identify genetic disorders through fetal DNA analysis. Social pressures hinder breastfeeding adoption in Western nations, while advanced parental age increases autism risk.
Researchers develop a transparent shell matching the shape and curvature of a real eggshell using PDMS, significantly extending embryo culturing time. The biomimetic system offers an excellent platform for studying functional embryo development and provides a natural diagnostic tool for early diagnosis.
A healthy diet rich in whole grains and polyunsaturated fats is associated with a lower risk of chronic lung disease, according to a study published in The BMJ. The Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 was found to be linked to a one-third lower risk of newly diagnosed COPD.
Most surgical readmissions are caused by expected complications like wound infections, occurring after discharge. Hospitals should focus on reducing surgical site infections and addressing issues like dehydration through better communication and patient education.
A study of over 345,000 hospitalizations found no significant difference in post-surgical complications between hospitals that participate in quality improvement programs and those that do not. The researchers suggest that while outcomes reporting systems are necessary for improvement, they are not sufficient to drive change.
A new study uses Flickr photos to calculate the value of clean water, finding that higher-quality lakes receive more visits and users are willing to travel farther to reach them. The research also highlights the potential for social media data to inform social-ecological research.
A recent study reveals that sea slugs can absorb genes from the algae they eat, enabling them to photosynthesize and survive for months on sunlight. This natural process has implications for gene therapy and rapid evolution in multicellular species.
A new study uses a fluorescent probe to track osteoarthritis development in male mice, providing insights into early detection and monitoring of the disease. The findings show that the probe emits a brighter signal in injured knees as the disease progresses.
A new study reveals that individuals with TBI struggle with gist reasoning, a complex cognitive capacity. The Center for BrainHealth's assessment tool shows promise in predicting daily life functionality and estimating brain health.
Researchers at BYU and MIT develop a new technology using surface acoustic waves to control light's angle and color composition, enabling inexpensive holographic video displays. The team's approach reduces costs and opens up possibilities for large-scale room-sized displays.
Researchers found that vaginally delivered infants with longer gestations tended to develop more mature gut microbiota faster, while those born via Caesarean section took longer to acquire a healthy gut microbiota, leading to differences in body fat at 18 months.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the biosynthetic pathway of CoQ10, a molecule essential for cellular metabolism. The study, led by Dr. David J. Pagliarini, reveals that protein CoQ9 regulates enzyme Coq7, and that CoQ10 synthesis is organized as a multiprotein complex to increase efficiency and regulation.
PeerJ Computer Science aims to bring a 21st century publishing platform to computer scientists, with free publication options and CC BY licensing. The new journal will publish articles across all fields of computer science, with the goal of increasing cross-fertilization between fields.
A new study suggests that powerful individuals are more likely to be inspired by their own experiences, whereas less powerful people are equally inspired by both their own and others' stories. The researchers found that people with high power tend to prioritize themselves over others in social interactions.
The American leafminer species Coptodisca lucifluella has invaded Italy's walnut orchards, a new hostplant for the insect. The moth feeds on walnut leaves, making short galleries and leaving characteristic holes, while its larvae attach small shields to leaves or surfaces.
A new course of action prescribing chemotherapy based on genetic research has led to a Phoenix resident being diagnosed with no detectable tumors after Stage 4 pancreatic cancer treatment. The patient benefited from a cutting-edge clinical trial and is now part of a follow-up study testing the effectiveness of a maintenance therapy.
A study reveals that infants with a mature gut bacteria profile at an early age tend to have normal levels of body fat by 18 months, while those with less mature profiles are more likely to have lower body fat. The research found that gestational duration and delivery method influenced the rate of bacterial colonization in the infant gut.
Researchers at UCL have developed a new method to process fibre optic signals, which can correct corrupted data and increase the useful capacity of fibres. This technique has the potential to double the distance data can travel error-free through sub-marine cables.
A study found a link between grief, anger, and inflammation in partner caregivers of veterans with traumatic-brain injuries. High levels of TNF-alpha were associated with blame and anger, increasing the risk for inflammatory-related health problems.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a $298,770 grant to purchase a micro-optics assembly and characterization system. The equipment will enable researchers to conduct more accurate nanoscale-related research and manufacturing, including integrating electronic devices with nanotechnology and photonics.
Researchers at Brown University found that the brain uses specific patterns of brain wave synchrony to suppress attention and ignore distracting stimuli. By harnessing this process, scientists hope to develop new treatments for pain and depressive thoughts through non-invasive brain stimulation techniques.
Eve, an AI robot scientist, has demonstrated the success of its approach to speed up drug discovery and make it more economical. It discovered a compound that has anti-cancer and malaria properties, which could potentially improve the lives of millions of people worldwide.
Researchers at Ludwig Maximilians University have identified a novel chloroplast membrane protein that plays a central role in transporting fatty acids from chloroplasts into the cell cytoplasm. This discovery may lead to new strategies for producing biofuels, which are rich in TAG-rich plant oils.
Researchers found that people automatically conjure up words when presented with images and count letters in their minds. The study suggests the stream of consciousness is tightly linked to external stimuli, limiting individual control over thoughts.
Researchers found that a parent-coaching intervention called Adapted Responsive Teaching (ART) can significantly improve the outcomes of one-year-old children at risk for autism. The study, published in Autism Research and Treatment, compared ART to early intervention and monitoring, showing promising results.
Tropical Cyclone Ola was being battered by vertical wind shear when NASA's Aqua satellite captured an infrared picture. The storm's cloud tops showed stronger thunderstorms, but forecasters expected it to dissipate due to increasing wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.
A University of Colorado study finds alterations in expression of PIK3R3 and PTEN genes in young-adult Ewing Sarcoma, commonly observed in adult tumors. These findings could lead to adapted therapeutic strategies for adult cancers to treat Ewing Sarcoma.
A new study by American Cancer Society researchers found that smokers before and after diagnosis had a higher risk of death from all causes and colorectal cancer-specific mortality compared to non-smokers. Smoking is associated with more aggressive tumors or decreased treatment efficacy, leading to increased mortality.
A new research by Dr Alessandra Ghigo found that inhibiting the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3K?) protected mice with hypertension from developing heart failure. The study also showed that a PI3K? inhibitor could synergise with chemotherapy to delay tumour growth and prevent cardiotoxicity.
A study published in JAMA finds that quality measures prioritize management of patients with established diagnoses, neglecting care for those presenting with symptoms. This oversight may lead to underuse of necessary care and compromise patient diagnosis accuracy.
A Tel Aviv University study found that a mutated gene regulating over 400 proteins affects male and female brains differently, leading to sex-specific learning and memory differences. The research suggests analyzing men and women separately in clinical trials to find cures for diseases due to potential gender differences.
Two genetic mutations on a single gene have been found to interact and lower the risk of heart attacks in people who carry both variants. The study suggests that clinicians should test individuals with reduced activity of DBH and norepinephrine to determine if they benefit from beta blockers.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified limostatin, a hormone that decreases insulin levels during recovery from fasting or starvation, in fruit flies and found a similar protein in humans. This discovery has critical ramifications for understanding metabolism and may inform new efforts to combat diabetes.
A study by the University of Colorado Boulder reveals that cocaine's addictive potential is linked to a second brain mechanism involving glial cells and Toll Like Receptor 4. Blocking this mechanism could lead to a new drug treatment for cocaine addiction.
Research finds that high-quality early childhood initiatives significantly lower likelihood of special education placements in third grade, benefiting students and reducing costs for school districts. The programs also provide positive spillover effects on other third graders, reducing preventable cognitive and social disabilities.
In 35 low- and middle-income countries, an estimated 16.7 million unwanted pregnancies occur annually, with 15 million preventable by modern contraception use. The study found that traditional methods are associated with a 2.7-fold increase in undesired pregnancies compared to modern methods.
A Mayo Clinic study analyzed over 345,000 patients' surgical outcomes between 2009 and 2013, finding no association between NSQIP hospital participation and improved postoperative outcomes. The study suggests that surgical outcomes reporting systems do not provide a clear mechanism for quality improvement.
A university partnership between Karolinska Institutet and Makerere University in Uganda has enabled students to tackle locally relevant health research questions while gaining international experience. The partnership has achieved zero brain drain, strengthening both institutions' global health initiatives.
Researchers found that women's respiratory muscles consume a greater amount of oxygen during exercise compared to men. This means women use more energy when breathing, potentially impacting leg blood flow and skeletal muscle fatigue.
A genomic test helped doctors solve a medical mystery for a boy with painful spasms. Whole exome sequencing identified the rare condition Episodic ataxia type 1, allowing for targeted treatment and symptom relief. The patient's motor and cognitive functioning have improved since medication was started.
Researchers at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience and Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies report substantial postnatal changes in the functional properties of brain circuits. These changes improve the ability of brain cells to encode information, enhancing brain function.
The study identified 35 genetic factors associated with motion sickness, including those affecting balance, eye, ear, and cranial development, as well as glucose homeostasis. The findings suggest a role for the nervous system in motion sickness and may provide insight into other nausea-related conditions.
A recent study by scientists at the University of Granada and the High Resolution Hospital in Loja reveals a moderate relation between asthma control and xerostomia severity. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICs) used to treat asthma can lead to dry mouth syndrome, which affects quality of life and mouth health.
Researchers at the University of Houston explore the interplay between four key risk factors and food insecurity in families. A mother's poor health is found to be a determining factor in extreme food insecurity cases, while financial strain affects non-poor households experiencing marginal food security.
A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University has discovered new features of the 'Whirlpool Galaxy', M51a, using a 20-hour exposure photograph. The image reveals faint plumes extending from the galaxy's northeast and south, providing valuable insights into its history and interaction with neighboring galaxies.
A new study by Drexel University suggests a strong relationship between adverse childhood experiences and household food insecurity. Trauma and chronic stress are found to be a largely overlooked part of the picture of why one in five American households with young children live with food insecurity.
A report by The BMJ found that only around two-thirds of Ebola donations ($1.9 billion) reached affected countries, with delays in disbursements potentially contributing to the spread of the virus. Expert Karen Grépin argues that existing mechanisms need improvement to enable rapid deployment of funds for future public health threats.
A study comparing two transfusion strategies for patients with severe trauma found that a balanced ratio of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells resulted in fewer deaths from exsanguination and improved hemostasis within 24 hours. No significant differences were observed in overall mortality at 24 hours or 30 days.
A new forecast from Cancer Research UK suggests that 1 in 2 people in the UK will develop cancer at some point in their lives. The increased risk is primarily due to more people living into older age, when cancer is more common.
A global study found that socioeconomic differences in adolescent mental and physical health increased between 2002 and 2010, with poorer youth more likely to be less active, have larger BMI, and report more symptoms. The study highlights urgent action needed to tackle inequities in adolescent health.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders affect 10-50% of aging patients, causing cognitive impairment and daily challenges. Researchers found that the tat protein disrupts autophagy, a critical disposal process, in neurons.
Researchers at Shanghai University developed a tri-layered artificial blood vessel composed of separate materials for mechanical strength and new cell growth. The composite allowed rapid proliferation and integration of rat fibroblast cells, overcoming limitations of existing vascular grafts.
New research from UC Berkeley links positive emotions with lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which fight infection and disease. The study found that awe, wonder, and beauty promote healthier levels of cytokines, suggesting a direct influence on health and life expectancy.
Research shows that fluctuations in river flows are increasing with climate change, scrounging away salmon eggs and exhausting young fish. Habitat restoration projects and reducing stormwater runoff can ease flooding and peak flows threatening salmon redds.
University of Illinois journalism professor Matthew Ehrlich compiled hundreds of cat-related tales from the New York Times digital archive, showing a range of stories beyond just cute cat videos. He found hero cats and nuisance cats, as well as concerns over animal treatment and rights.
A study of nearly 350 hospitals found that hospital readmissions after surgery are often related to complications from the surgery itself, rather than a worsening of pre-existing medical conditions. The most common reasons for readmission included surgical site infections and intestinal blockages.
Researchers found that social factors triggered the development of pottery in north-eastern North America, primarily used for processing fish and producing fish oil. Abundant aquatic resources allowed investment in pottery production.
Researchers have identified eight genetically distinct types of schizophrenia, each with its own set of symptoms. The study, published in the American Journal of Psychiatry, found that genes function as an orchestra, interacting with each other to contribute to the disease.
Researchers found that dividing options into smaller piles and choosing the best option from each pile produced the best outcomes. In contrast, considering all options together led to poor decisions due to choice overload. The sequential tournament approach was the most effective but also the least liked by study subjects.
The National Collection of Yeast Cultures has added the 4,000th yeast strain to its collection, including a novel species found in Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. This discovery expands microbial biodiversity and offers new possibilities for sustainable biotechnology.
A study examining the link between ACS NSQIP participation and surgical outcomes found no significant improvements in patient mortality, complications, reoperations, or readmissions. Additionally, hospital payments remained unchanged for participating versus non-participating hospitals.
A new Special Issue from ecancermedicalscience tackles fertility-sparing cancer treatments, collecting latest research on preserving fertility in breast, cervical and ovarian cancers. Fertility-sparing treatments balance patient's wishes with oncological outcomes.
The American Statistical Association analysis shows that statistics degrees nearly doubled during 2010-2013, outpacing other computer-related disciplines. This growth is attributed to the increasing demand for workers with statistical and analytical skills in the job market.
A new study reveals that hepatitis C is more common than previously thought, with over 180 million people worldwide infected. The study also found that active infection rates are high in West Africa, where cultural and daily practices contribute to transmission.
Penta-graphene, a two-dimensional carbon allotrope composed exclusively of pentagons, has been discovered to possess high strength, thermal stability, and unusual properties. The material's unique structure inspired by the Cairo tiling may have applications in various fields.
Researchers at Dartmouth have found that introducing a specific strain of bacteria into the microenvironment of ovarian cancer tumors can transform tumor cells from suppressors to attackers, sparking a strong anti-tumor immune response. The study's results demonstrate a new potential for treating various types of cancers.
Researchers found that female sticklebacks prime their offspring with information about their living environment through the mitochondria, allowing them to adapt better to warmer waters. This mechanism plays a crucial role in the species' ability to cope with climate change.
Researchers analyzed the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption to understand the dynamics of gravitational instabilities and particle aggregation. They found that these phenomena can significantly reduce fine-ash lifetime in the atmosphere, highlighting their importance in improving ash dispersal forecasting.
Research found significant disparities in mental and physical health of 11-15 year olds between affluent and disadvantaged youths. The study suggests that addressing socioeconomic inequalities is crucial for population health.
A new study by Yao Zhang and colleagues finds that customers with 'clumpiness' - bursts of heavy buying interspersed with little or no buying - provide higher long-term returns to businesses. This pattern of consumption extends the 'hot hand' literature in statistics journals.
A new study reveals that Pacific wind patterns behind California's drought also led to a significant drop in small plant-like organisms in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, potentially affecting marine life. Meanwhile, researchers warn of worsening US air quality due to climate change, particularly ozone pollution fueled by nitrogen oxid...
SuperAgers, aged 80+, have distinct brain signatures with a thicker cortex, fewer tangles linked to Alzheimer's, and a higher supply of neurons related to social intelligence.
The Philadelphia Pediatric Medical Device Consortium awards $25,000 grants to Little Sparrows Technologies, OtoNexus, and Ras Labs to develop medical devices for children. These companies are working on projects to treat neonatal jaundice, diagnose middle ear infections, and improve prosthetic limb interfaces.
A new study led by scientists at the University of York found that the largest fossil rodent, Josephoartigasia monesi, used its incisors for activities other than biting, such as digging and defense. The rodent's powerful bite was estimated to be around 1400 N, but its incisors could withstand almost three times that force.
A UNSW-led study demonstrates long-term control of cane toads by erecting fences around dams, effectively converting their invasion refuges into ecological traps. The approach could work on a large scale to halt the spread of these toxic amphibians across Australia.
Duke researchers discovered a gene called Raf that acts as a switch to turn on Yorkie, making fly hearts grow bigger. The study sheds light on the genetic circuitry of signals governing growth and may help understand how human hearts respond to disease.