Dr. Li Gan receives the Inge Grundke-Iqbal Award for her influential research on progranulin and amyloid accumulation in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Her work may protect against brain changes associated with the disease.
A study by the University of California Irvine found that economic downturns, rather than increased natural gas use, were responsible for a 11% decrease in climate-changing carbon dioxide emissions in the US. This shift was driven by changes in consumer demand and industrial output.
Researchers have taken a closer look at the geology deep beneath the Tibetan Plateau using gravity data captured by satellite. The analysis offers some of the clearest views ever obtained of rock moving up to 50 miles below the plateau, revealing a complex interplay of wavy patterns at the boundary between the crust and mantle.
A two-year study by UCSF researchers found that smokers who switched to low-nicotine cigarettes were unable to quit smoking in the long term. Despite initial drops in nicotine levels, participants' smoking habits rebounded when they returned to regular cigarettes.
Researchers have tracked the movement of internal waves in the South China Sea, revealing that they are generated daily from internal tides. These massive underwater waves can reach heights of over 170 meters and travel hundreds of kilometers, playing a crucial role in global climate regulation and marine ecosystems.
Researchers found that aging actually offers significant protection against oxidative stress, as the endothelium adapts to regulate ROS and minimize cell death. This adaptation helps ensure arteries of older individuals can still function properly.
Researchers at University of Rochester find that a classical beam of light can fail Bell's Inequality test if entangled, suggesting that the boundary between quantum and classical worlds is not as clear-cut as thought. The study reveals that some features of the real world require entanglement, a key ingredient of quantum physics.
A recent study reveals that ßCTF, a protein precursor to amyloid beta, initiates abnormalities leading to neuron loss in early Alzheimer's pathology. Drugging ßCTF levels may help slow or stop Alzheimer's progression.
The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) has launched a new program to provide independent analysis on pricing linked to patient benefit for new FDA-approved drugs. The program will produce public reports near the time of FDA approval, providing a transparent basis for price negotiations and coverage decisions.
A new virus-like particle vaccine has been developed to protect against a wide variety of influenza viruses. The vaccine was shown to provide significant protection against many different flu strains, including avian H5N1 and H7N9 viruses, which have caused many human cases and deaths in recent years.
Researchers at the International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA) found that newborn brains process language using cognitive mechanisms similar to those of adults. They demonstrated that babies are sensitive to the edges of words and can differentiate between sequences with or without edge changes.
A new genomic analysis pinpoints the arrival of the first Americans to Siberia around 23,000 years ago, with subsequent migrations leading to distinct populations in North and South America. The study also reveals genetic admixture from East Asians and Australo-Melanesians, suggesting limited isolation from the Old World.
Researchers from the University of Calgary developed an ear tag-attached accelerometer unit to monitor rumination and feeding behavior in beef cattle. The technology was able to identify feeding activity correctly 95% of the time, but only identified rumination activity correctly 49% of the time.
Researchers found an association between dicloxacillin treatment and decreased international normalized ratio (INR) levels among patients taking warfarin or phenprocoumon. This finding suggests that physicians should be aware of potential interactions and monitor INR levels accordingly.
Researchers discovered that a yeast byproduct can inhibit the white-nose syndrome fungus, which has killed millions of bats. The compound, tt-farnesol, is produced by Candida albicans and targets the fungus specifically without disrupting other cave ecosystem components.
A study by Northwestern University found that new fathers experience significant weight gain, averaging 3.5 to 4.5 pounds, which can lead to increased risks of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Pediatricians are in a unique position to counsel dads on maintaining their health due to the lack of personal physicians among new fathers.
Researchers create a virus-like particle vaccine cocktail that expresses different subtypes of the hemagglutinin protein, providing cross-protective immunity against multiple subtypes. The study shows that 95% of mice vaccinated with the investigational cocktail were protected against eight different influenza strains.
Researchers used brain scans to identify a predictor of response to treatment with SSRIs, the first-line drug treatment for PTSD. The study found that patients who showed less activation in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex prior to treatment were more likely to improve with SSRI therapy.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have developed a novel treatment regimen that effectively treats hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), with a 97% success rate
A genome-scale study reveals that all present-day Native Americans descended from a single migration wave into the Americas, arriving no earlier than 23,000 years ago. The ancestral population diversified into two basal branches around 13,000 years ago.
New research finds that HIV treatment for illicit drug users promotes improved health, socio-economic stability, and quality of life. Consistent ART treatment reduces homelessness and involvement in activities like sex work or street-based income generation.
A new study suggests that ultra-brief pulse stimulation is almost as effective as standard ECT in treating severe depression, but with significantly fewer cognitive side effects. The treatment has the potential to benefit up to 10,000 Australians who have not responded to first-line treatments.
The research team at PolyU has established Hong Kong's first breast milk nutrient database, revealing that the DHA level in over 80% of breast milk meets the recommended intake for infants. The study suggests that breastfeeding mothers consume adequate amounts of omega-3 rich fish and other nutrients to support infant growth.
Research from University of Toronto psychologists explores how self-other overlap affects relationships, finding those with high overlap protect their partner from comparisons and maintain positive perceptions.
The US Navy is developing narrow strips of graphene called nanoribbons to improve power control systems in ships, smartphones and electronic devices. Graphene nanoribbons can conduct electricity with reduced heat loss and added strength compared to traditional materials.
Researchers from Korea University have developed an easy and microelectronics-compatible method to grow graphene, allowing for the synthesis of high-quality, multi-layer graphene on silicon substrates. The technique involves ion implantation and activation annealing, enabling controllable and scalable production of large-area graphene.
A US study found that most participants in an NIH-funded study took anti-HIV medication for PrEP, a strategy for HIV prevention. The study enrolled 557 men who have sex with men and transgender women at high risk for HIV infection, and showed moderate adherence to Truvada-based oral PrEP.
A study by Georgetown University Medical Center researchers found that acupuncture blunts activity in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, reducing production of stress hormones. This mechanism is similar to that of antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs, which exert their therapeutic effects on these same pathways.
A study published in Journal of Adolescent Health found that transgender youth have sex hormone levels consistent with their assigned gender at birth. The research also highlighted the mental health impacts of living with a gender atypical experience, including depression and suicidal ideation.
A new study found that mountainous star corals at depths of nearly 140 feet can produce one trillion more eggs per square kilometer than shallow-water counterparts. This discovery has significant implications for the future of coral reefs worldwide, as it suggests that deeper waters may offer reproductive refuge to threatened species.
A new study published in Nature Geoscience reveals that latent heat release in ascending air masses plays a crucial role in the formation and perpetuation of stable high-pressure systems, also known as 'blocking', which can lead to extreme weather conditions. The research team analyzed massive amounts of climate data from around the wo...
Researchers discovered that mongoose cooperativeness lasts a lifetime, with consistent individuals helping offspring care and those with selfish personalities not increasing their workload. The study found varying personality types among mongooses, which remain unknown.
Michigan State University researchers are studying how electric fish signals evolve in a natural hybrid zone along Gabon's Louetsi River. The discovery could help identify genes underlying complex and simple electric signals.
Dr. Fauci emphasizes the need for targeted deployment of proven prevention methods to high-transmission areas, while also reviewing effective interventions such as ART, PrEP, and treatments that prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission.
Researchers found that inviting customers to tailor ads improves attitudes towards location-based advertising. Customization with high-involvement products also enhances customer acceptance.
A study of college-aged women found that those with stronger emotional connections to Facebook are less likely to struggle with risky dieting behaviors. However, if they compare their bodies to friends' online pictures, it's the opposite: more concern about body size and shape, and more risk of dieting behaviors.
A new study reveals that marine species in Eastern Australia are responding quickly to climate warming, with swimming ability and large range sizes emerging as crucial factors. The findings have important implications for predicting how different species will respond to climate change and identifying those most at risk.
The increasing levels of fossil fuel emissions could dilute radioactive carbon-14 in the atmosphere, artificially raising its age. This could impact various applications of radiocarbon dating, including archaeology, art authentication, and neurological research, potentially affecting results by the 2020s.
Phytoplankton, the base of marine food chains, may experience significant changes due to ocean acidification, with some species dying out while others thrive. The study found that increased acidity could lead to altered competition among species, affecting entire ecosystems and potentially impacting predators like polar bears.
Regular alcohol consumption is associated with lower levels of disability in individuals with chronic widespread pain. Those who drank moderate amounts (21-35 units/week) were 67% less likely to experience disability compared to non-drinkers.
A new study suggests that a change in the recommended Pap smear schedule for young women under 25 may have dramatically lowered the chances of getting tested for chlamydia. With the addition of a reminder system, clinic visits led to increased chlamydia screenings among this age group.
A study by North Carolina State University found that Angelina Jolie's announcement about her BRCA1 gene testing led to increased intentions among women to get tested for the same gene. Women who identified with Jolie or felt a parasocial relationship with her were more likely to consider genetic testing.
Researchers found that strategic practices can reduce California almond production's carbon footprint, utilizing co-products for renewable power generation. Ideal circumstances could make California almonds carbon-neutral or even carbon-negative through improved orchard biomass utilization.
Saint Louis University research finds that a woman's weight during her first pregnancy can affect complications in her second baby. Women who were underweight or obese during their first pregnancy had increased risks of early birth, low birth weight, and other complications.
Researchers applied established methods to study wood, finding a universal pattern of response similar to avalanches. The discovery could help predict failure and prevent damage in industries like furniture and construction.
Jennifer Tour Chayes of Microsoft receives the highest honor from SIAM, awarded for her groundbreaking work on phase transitions in mathematics and computing. She will deliver a prize lecture on massive networks on August 12.
Researchers find that presenting a new outcome instead of omitting an expected threat can lead to more effective fear extinction in both rats and humans. The study's findings have implications for the treatment of anxiety disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder and phobias.
A large-scale genetic study has discovered that the regions of the genome underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are consistent across diverse populations. The study included nearly 10,000 DNA samples from East Asian, Indian or Iranian descent and an existing set of 86,640 samples drawn from Europe, North America and Oceania.
Researchers found that total knee replacement reduces knee pain and improves subjective quality of life indices in rheumatoid arthritis patients. However, improvements were not as great as those experienced by osteoarthritis patients.
A recent study has identified 53 key genes involved in fish's ability to adapt to warmer temperatures over multiple generations. The research found that metabolic and immune genes play a crucial role in enabling fish to cope with higher temperatures, improving their chances of survival in a changing climate.
A global study found that large animals consume a broader range of seed sizes than previously thought, posing a risk to smaller plant species. The research, led by UNSW Australia scientists, analyzed over 13,000 animal-seed interactions and showed that even small seeds are vulnerable if large animals disappear.
A six-year longitudinal study found that adolescents are most likely to enjoy successful long-term friendships with those who share similar traits. The strongest predictors of friendship dissolution were differences in sex, physical aggression, and being liked by other children.
A new mouse model has provided early causal evidence that weekly alternating light-dark cycles may hasten certain health risks, including breast cancer development and weight gain. The study found that mice with a genetic predisposition to breast cancer developed tumors 8 weeks earlier when exposed to the alternative light-dark cycles.
Researchers are collecting data from children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to identify non-invasive biological markers for diagnosis, tracking, and assessment. The study aims to advance treatment research in autism by creating methods to measure social function and develop indicators of long-term clinical outcome.
A study found that antibiotic exposure is associated with a higher risk of developing juvenile arthritis in children, particularly those with upper respiratory tract infections. Researchers suggest that antibiotics may be a marker for abnormal immunity rather than a direct cause of the disease.
A study has identified a potential link between inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis and the development of heart valve disease, including aneurysms. The research team hopes that existing medicines that dampen inflammation could be repurposed to treat heart valve diseases.
A new study by Cornell's Food & Brand Lab analyzed 50 years of New York Times food stories to predict a country's obesity level in three years. The study found that countries with more mentions of sweet snacks tend to be fatter, while those with more vegetable and fruit mentions are skinnier.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology find that mixing amino and hydroxy acids with wet-dry cycles can create polypeptides, key components of life. The process, which could have occurred in a drying puddle, supports the theory that life began on dry land.
Researchers found mathematical evidence that Michelangelo used the Golden Ratio in 'The Creation of Adam'. The ratio, 1.6, enhances structural efficiency and beauty in art.
The HPTN 052 study demonstrates that early antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces HIV transmission in serodiscordant couples, with a sustained 93% reduction when the HIV-infected partner is on treatment and viral load suppressed. The trial also found that timely ART initiation can lead to improved health outcomes.