Former hurricane Carlos has dissipated, bringing an end to its eastern Pacific journey. The National Hurricane Center reported no areas of suspect development for the next couple of days.
Astronomers using ALMA measured the mass of a supermassive black hole at the center of NGC 1097, a barred spiral galaxy 45 million light-years away. The black hole was found to be 140 million times more massive than our Sun.
A study from the University of Rochester found that stress in low-income families can affect children's learning. Children with family instability or harsh caregivers had elevated or low cortisol levels, leading to lower cognitive ability at age 4.
Researchers used genetic tools to trace illegal ivory back to its source, identifying two primary poaching hotspots in Africa since 2006. The study found that most savanna and forest elephant tusks originated from Tanzania, Mozambique, Gabon, and the Central African Republic.
A new study by USC's Valter Longo suggests that a periodic diet mimicking fasting can cut visceral belly fat, boost neural regeneration and improve learning and memory in old mice. In humans, the pilot study found evidence of reduced risk factors for aging, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer with no major adverse side effects.
Researchers are using alternative breeding methods to increase switchgrass's biomass yield, ethanol production, and reduce lignin content. The study utilizes the Smith-Hazel Selection Index to select for multiple traits simultaneously, aiming to speed up the breeding process and achieve more ideal switchgrass by 2025.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that the Hawaiian hoary bat migrated to Hawaii from the Pacific coast of North America in two separate waves over 9,000 years apart. This genetic history suggests that the current legal protection may be inadequate or misdirected, highlighting the need for updated conservation efforts.
Researchers find striking similarities between snake fungal disease and white-nose syndrome in bats, both persisting across habitats and infecting multiple species. The snake fungus, Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, is highly virulent and can spread through pet trade and animal release.
Researchers found that three- and five-year-old children are just as likely to respond to the needs of another individual as they are to their own. This suggests a core component of a sense of justice based on empathy, which is central to human prosociality and punishment.
The Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery aims to screen over 50,000 chemical compounds in the next 18 months to combat superbug-resistant bacteria, with the goal of preventing millions of deaths by 2050.
A study published in JNCI found that women with tubal ligation who develop aggressive endometrial cancer types have lower mortality rates. The researchers suggest that TL reduces cancer cell passage through the fallopian tubes, lowering disease stage and mortality.
A special issue of Future Oncology explores the role of biomarkers and next-generation sequencing in advancing cancer research and treatment. The issue highlights the potential of these technologies to provide a more precise picture of cancer and identify effective treatments.
A recent study has provided a more complete picture of how proteins move, laying the foundation for understanding molecular causes of human disease and developing potent drug treatments.
Scientists have discovered transient spikes in temperature at several spots on Venus' surface, indicating active flows of lava. The hotspots are clustered in a large rift zone called Ganiki Chasma, suggesting ongoing volcanic activity.
Researchers uncover hidden diversity in minute midges through DNA analysis and type material examination. Two new species were discovered and one misidentified species was corrected, shedding light on the fascinating world of non-biting midges.
Researchers have used ultra-short pulses of X-rays to create a film of shock waves in diamonds, providing new insights into the structure of these hard materials. The study reveals that intense shock waves can compress diamond by almost ten percent, opening up new perspectives on its dynamic behavior under high pressure.
A team of University of Iowa researchers analyzed over 200 YouTube videos to understand toddler tablet use. They found that by age two, most children can moderate their ability to use a tablet, while younger toddlers require more guidance.
A small audit of clinical practice found that doctors often misdiagnose zinc deficiency and are unaware of the impact of excess zinc on the body. High doses of zinc supplements can disrupt copper uptake, leading to anaemia and neurological symptoms.
A new mass spectrometry-based technology enables rapid analysis of tissue samples, offering a faster and more accurate alternative to traditional methods. The automated droplet-based surface sampling probe reduces testing time for cancer diagnosis from 20-30 minutes to just 4-5 minutes.
Professor Tiago H. Falk has received the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society Early Career Achievement Award for his innovative research projects in biomedical engineering and multimedia communications. His work includes assistive devices for people with disabilities and low-cost methods for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.
A systematic review found that sedentary behavior is associated with an increased risk of anxiety in adults and children. The link may be due to disturbances in sleep patterns, social withdrawal theory, and poor metabolic health. Further research is needed to confirm the causal relationship between sedentary behavior and anxiety.
A study published in Environmental Research Letters suggests that climate change will not significantly reduce winter deaths. The research found that cities with warmer winters have similar amounts of winter deaths as those with colder winters, likely due to the prevalence of flu and respiratory diseases rather than cold-related causes.
Researchers at UCLA have created a novel system that can store solar energy for several weeks, unlike current systems which only hold energy for a few microseconds. The breakthrough design is inspired by photosynthesis and uses polymer donors and nano-scale fullerene acceptors to separate charges.
In a study published in Nature Medicine, researchers found that disabling the production of NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps) can speed up wound healing in diabetic mice. By preventing neutrophils from producing NETs, wounds healed more quickly and tissue repair was improved.
WSU scientists demonstrate that resveratrol converts excess white fat into beige fat, reducing weight gain by 40%. Polyphenols found in fruit enhance fat oxidation, preventing obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Increasing fruit consumption can boost total polyphenolic intake.
Researchers found that six-gill and prickly deep-sea sharks are positively buoyant, requiring less energy to swim upward than downward. This adaptation may provide them with a 'stealth' advantage during hunting or aid in nightly migrations to shallower areas.
Korean scientists have successfully created a new class of radical compounds by reacting nitric oxide with N-heterocyclic carbenes. The resulting nitric oxide compounds show potential for targeted NO delivery, which could lead to new therapeutic applications in various human diseases.
Astronomers use Hubble Space Telescope to uncover the early formative years of quasars, finding that galaxy collisions and mergers drive their peak activity. The observations reveal the transitional phase in the merger-driven black hole scenario, providing new insights into the universe's brightest objects.
Researchers developed a novel live-imaging system to study gene transcription and nuclear position, enabling simultaneous measurements of these processes. The technique shows high specificity and has potential applications in studying higher-order gene regulation and cell-to-cell heterogeneity.
Researchers from UNC School of Medicine provide direct experimental evidence for the rapid synthesis of two classes of proteins necessary to create life on Earth. They found that a single ancient gene probably used its two opposite strands of DNA to code for different catalysts that both activated amino acids.
A new study uses massively parallel gene function assays to characterize nearly 2000 BRCA1 variants, providing a potential solution for sorting out harmful and harmless variants. The approach demonstrates promise but is not yet ready for use in the clinic.
Researchers found that musicians' brains can incorporate abstract music notation to enhance their visual perception of congruent musical notes. Non-musicians showed no significant difference in visual preference regardless of the melody played.
Researchers predict and synthesize five new calcium carbides with varied chemical and physical properties, including a two-dimensional metal-like compound. The discovery opens up possibilities for industrial applications in the chemical industry.
Researchers developed a calorie-restricted diet that mimics fasting to promote regeneration and extend lifespan in mice. A human pilot study found similar benefits, with decreased risk factors for aging-related diseases.
Two new studies shed light on the Himalayan tectonic system, confirming a strike-slip dominated fault in western Nepal and highlighting topographic and tectonic discontinuities. The findings also support the initiation of mountain belt-parallel extension in the mid-Miocene epoch.
A decade-long investigation by Wayne State University and Children's Hospital of Michigan researchers identified a key gene mutation that can trigger acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The mutation affects ETV6, a gene that regulates growth rates in bone marrow, leading to an increased risk of blood cancer.
The newly redesigned Oncology Central is now live, featuring a dedicated Pipelines and Trials section, webinars, and exclusive multimedia content. The platform offers easy navigation and access to peer-reviewed journal articles, regular cancer news updates, and exciting features.
A study using DNA from ivory samples identifies two major areas of elephant poaching in Africa, with over 85% of seized ivory tracing back to these regions. This research could help combat ivory trafficking at its source and inform law enforcement efforts.
The new approach generates carbon nanoparticles in a few hours using store-bought molasses and only a handful of ingredients. The nanoparticles are coated with polymers that fine-tune their optical properties and release drugs at body temperature, making them ideal for targeted therapy.
Researchers found that serotonin receptor antagonists, commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery, may also increase the risk of irregular heartbeats. The safest options were ondansetron plus dexamethasone for adults and dolasetron for all ages, with inconclusive findings for children.
Researchers have discovered a potential target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by inhibiting the S6K1 protein, which increases insulin sensitivity in mice. In animal models, S6K1 deficient mice displayed improved insulin response and reduced risk of developing diabetes.
A study of ancient dental plaque found in Qesem Cave, Israel, reveals that early Palaeolithic humans ate a diverse diet rich in nuts and seeds. The discovery also suggests that these ancient humans had knowledge of local ecology and were able to manage smoke from fire using internal hearths.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a novel zebrafish model to study short bowel syndrome, which may lead to better care for patients. The model enables the study of adaptation in a cost-effective and efficient manner.
Researchers detected MRSA bacteria in UK supermarket sausages and minced pork through a survey of frozen meat products. The bacteria were identified as LA-MRSA CC398, associated with pigs and poultry, and pose a potential route of transmission from farms to the wider population.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have discovered a previously unknown neural pathway that can regulate changes made in the brain due to cocaine use. By manipulating Activin receptors, they found that it is possible to increase or decrease cocaine-taking and relapse behavior in animal models.
Iran's national uranium enrichment plant could be sold to other countries to keep the nuclear program peaceful. Multinationalizing the program ahead of 2025 could set a standard reducing nuclear proliferation risks worldwide.
Researchers at TSRI devised a set of chemical methods to study protein interactions with lipids, identifying thousands of lipid-protein interactions and discovering small molecules that selectively block these interactions. The findings suggest a wider range of proteins can be targeted with small-molecule ligands than previously thought.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown genetic immunodeficiency linked to DOCK2 mutations, which deactivates the immune system and leaves affected children open to aggressive and potentially fatal infections. The condition can be detectable by newborn screening and is curable with a hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
Scientists at Thomas Jefferson University have identified two new genes, taranis and Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1), as crucial for regulating normal sleep patterns in flies. The researchers found that these genes interact with other proteins to create a molecular machine that suppresses wakefulness and promotes sleep.
Researchers found that Titan's atmosphere loses hydrocarbons and nitriles due to a polar wind powered by sunlight and the Saturnian magnetic field. This phenomenon has been observed on Earth in polar regions, suggesting Titan may have a similarly widespread 'polar wind' beyond its poles.
Genomics holds key to understanding ecological and evolutionary processes as Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technique is underutilised in invasion biology. NGS can transform our understanding of why non-native species adapt and thrive in new environments.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute successfully test an experimental HIV vaccine candidate in mice, producing antibody precursors necessary to recognize and block HIV infection. The findings provide key information for the development of an effective AIDS vaccine.
A recent study published in PLOS Computational Biology suggests that new motor skills memories formed during a single practice session are intrinsically unstable, contrary to previous theories. This finding has implications for our understanding of how motor skills memories are stabilized over time.
Researchers discovered that actin polymerization powered by the Arp2/3 complex is essential for forming and moving autophagosomes. The formation of 'actin comet tails' propels these compartments toward lysosomes for final processing, enabling cells to recycle misfolded proteins and damaged organelles.
A nationwide study in Taiwan found a strong association between Parkinson's disease and most types of cancer, including malignant brain tumors and gastrointestinal tract cancers. However, breast, ovarian, and thyroid cancers showed no significant link to PD.
Researchers at New York University found that facial cues conveying trustworthiness are malleable, while those conveying competence and ability are less so. They conducted four experiments to test this theory, finding that subjects perceived happier faces as more trustworthy and angrier faces as more untrustworthy.
Research found that individual state stroke legislation plays a crucial role in certifying primary stroke centers and increasing the availability of prompt stroke care. State action, including implementing policies for emergency medical services, has led to a significant increase in certified hospitals nationwide.
A report by Princeton researchers suggests that partnering with Iran's neighbors and E3+3 nations could reduce proliferation risks. The authors propose a multinational approach to uranium enrichment, giving access to the plant while ensuring transparency.
Researchers analyzed U.S. flu cases from 2003-2013 and found correlations between genetic distance of flu subtypes and geographic distance using transportation data. The study suggests that mobility patterns, rather than geographic proximity, play a key role in predicting the spread of influenza epidemics.
A new placenta-on-a-chip technology was developed by NIH researchers to better understand the inner workings of the human placenta and its role in pregnancy. The device models nutrient transfer from mother to fetus and may help address questions difficult to answer with current placenta model systems.
A cosmetic surgery procedure that enhances lip appearance could also ease facial paralysis symptoms, according to a small study. Researchers found significant improvements in patients with facial paralysis and muscular dystrophy after receiving hyaluronic acid injections.
University of Delaware researchers have identified two genes linked to cataract formation. Deficiency in these genes leads to lens clouding and cataract development without aging or radiation exposure required. The study could contribute to interventions that delay or prevent cataract formation.
A study by University of Pittsburgh researchers found a significant link between living in neighborhoods with high crime and vandalism and biological aging processes. Telomere length, a key indicator of cellular health, was found to be shorter in individuals from disadvantaged areas, similar to a 12-year chronological age difference.
Research published in Tobacco Control found that including experimenters in e-cigarette prevalence studies can lead to inaccurate results. The study suggests setting a threshold of six days out of the past 30 for more accurate monitoring of population health trends. Current smokers were more likely to use e-cigarettes than former or ne...
Researchers found that abdominal blood clots are associated with an increased risk of developing undiagnosed cancer, particularly liver and pancreatic cancer. Patients with these clots had poorer survival outcomes compared to those without the clots.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a new method to recycle rare-earth magnets, simplifying the process and increasing efficiency. The technique uses standard laboratory equipment and can separate neodymium and dysprosium from used electronics in just minutes.
The study found that Fam20C phosphorylates more than 100 different secreted proteins, directing numerous cellular processes. This discovery has significant implications for understanding cancer cell metastasis and developing new therapeutic targets.
New calculations by researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute show a significant risk of major sea level rise in Northern Europe, with potential increases of up to 1.5 meters in Scandinavia, England, and northern Germany. The study highlights regional differences in gravity and land uplift affecting sea levels.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a family of daughter cells, called MPPs, which arise from stem cells in bone marrow to generate the entire blood system. The discovery raises the possibility of manipulating these cells to overcome imbalances and deficiencies in the blood system due to aging or cancer.
Researchers will use MRI machines to test injured nerves and develop a diagnostic tool to distinguish between brain damage and nerve trauma. The goal is to provide more effective treatment options for soldiers suffering from visual deficits caused by IED injuries.
Researchers discovered that Saharan silver ants use a coat of uniquely shaped hairs to control electromagnetic waves over an extremely broad range, enabling passive radiative cooling. The hair coating enhances optical reflection and radiative heat dissipation, keeping the ants' body temperature below their critical thermal maximum.
Researchers used humanized mice to study the effects of cocaine on immune systems, finding that cocaine makes people more susceptible to HIV infection. The study suggests that cocaine blunts the body's defense against the virus and increases the pool of cells that can become infected.
Researchers have made significant progress toward developing an HIV vaccine by stimulating animals to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies. The studies, funded by NIAID, demonstrate techniques for producing antibodies that can stop HIV from infecting human cells or evolve into such antibodies.
A new study based on Kennewick Man's genome sequence shows that he is more closely related to modern Native Americans than to any other population worldwide. This contradicts earlier cranial morphology analyses that suggested a European or Asian ancestry, sparking controversy and legal battles over the skeleton's repatriation.
A study found that influenza viruses use both airline and commuter road travel to distribute across the continental US. The commuter network was more often associated with genetic distance than other measures of spatial or network distance for the H1N1 subtype.
The study reveals a helically-twisted loop of magnetic field coiled around the galaxy's main spiral arm, affecting gas flow and star production. The discovery helps explain how galactic spiral arms are formed, resolving major questions about galaxy evolution.
Researchers found that young children prefer to return lost items to their rightful owners and prevent a third party from taking what doesn't belong to them. This suggests that a concern for others is a core component of a sense of justice, likely central to human cooperation.
A study by CU-Boulder and USGS found a strong correlation between high-rate injection wells and earthquakes, especially since 2009. High-rate wells pumping over 300,000 barrels of wastewater per month were most likely to trigger earthquakes.
Wild kangaroos show a consistent preference for using their left hands for actions like grooming and picking leaves. The finding expands our understanding of handedness in animals and may offer insights into neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and autism.
A new study found that individual baboons can contribute to a troop's collective movement and that decision-making is largely a shared process. The majority rule suggests that the subgroup with the most initiators determines the direction of movement, reducing conflict in complex societies.
A new study on Kennewick Man's DNA reveals a close genetic link to Native American populations, particularly the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation in Washington. The findings challenge a previous study that suggested a connection to indigenous Japanese or Polynesian peoples.
Researchers at NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering and NYU School of Medicine are exploring a new method to amplify the body's signaling system for recruiting bone-forming stem cells to injured areas. They plan to focus on a single recruitment factor, CXCL12, which they hypothesize plays key roles in promoting osteogenesis.
Scientists have established a model for latent HIV infection of brain cells and identified various compounds that can affect latency. The study aims to develop new therapeutic approaches to silence the virus in brain cells, which could improve clinical care for HIV-1 patients.
Researchers estimate that subduction returns almost no carbon to the mantle, with 'exchange between reservoirs in balance.' New analysis sheds light on Earth's climate over geologic time scales and implications for life.
Researchers used X-ray imaging and data analysis to study the mechanical properties of a cathode material called LNMO spinel. The study found that defects within the material move around when charged, causing changes in strain fields. This unique behavior may be used to design new battery materials with improved performance.
Researchers identified four melanoma subtypes, including BRAF, RAS, NF1 and Triple-WT, through analysis of 331 patient samples. These subtypes share common signaling pathways but differ in activation, suggesting potential for targeted therapies.
Researchers found that reactivating a single gene turned colorectal cancer cells back into normal tissue within days, stopping tumor growth and eliminating signs of cancer. The study provides proof of principle for developing effective cancer treatments by targeting specific tumor suppressor genes.
A global team has sequenced over 200 Ebola virus genomes to capture the fullest picture yet of how the virus is transmitted and changes over time. The study reveals that cross-border transmission played a smaller role in the outbreak than previously thought, and that the virus has begun to weed out mutations that do not benefit it.
Children and teens with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) face complex challenges and long-term complications if left untreated. ARFID is not just about picky eating, but a restrictive eating pattern associated with significant physiological and/or psychosocial distress.
A recent study at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business found no evidence that having a female manager reduces the gender wage gap. In fact, low-performing women who switched to working for a high-performing female supervisor fared worse financially than their male colleagues making a comparable switch.
A new vaccine has been developed that generates double protection against chlamydia by teaching the immune system to recognize and remember the bacteria as a threat. The vaccine uses charge-switching synthetic adjuvant nanoparticles to bind to the bacteria, targeting mucosal surfaces and inducing an immune response.
A new study by the University of Surrey warns that excessive cobalt levels can cause severe side effects in horses, including long-term damage to vital organs. The researchers urge trainers to be aware of the dangers of cobalt misuse, as there is no evidence to suggest it enhances athletic performance.
Researchers at TSRI have published the first 3D structures of a receptor implicated in brain diseases and normal physiology, revealing links to the marijuana receptor system. The study sheds light on the molecular architecture of receptors for lysophosphatidic acid, a fat molecule linked to conditions such as hydrocephalus and cancer.
A drug already FDA-approved for osteoporosis has been found to stimulate the production of cells controlling insulin balance in diabetic mice. This could lead to a potential new treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Tropical Depression Bill moved north-northeast through the southern U.S., affecting eastern Texas and Oklahoma. NASA satellites provided infrared, visible, and rainfall estimates for the storm's progression, while NWS forecasts heavy rain accumulations of 4-12 inches across several states.
A study published in Cell suggests that adult neural stem cells are pre-programmed to make specific neurons before birth, contradicting the long-held assumption of their potential for neural repair. The researchers found that the precise type of neuron each stem cell can develop into is determined by its location on the ventricle wall.
Research with thieving puppets shows that three- and five-year-old children will return stolen cookies to victims, prioritizing the victim's welfare over punishing the thief. This early sense of justice highlights toddlers' ability to act out of concern for others.
A team of researchers used GPS technology to track the movements of wild olive baboons, finding that certain individuals act as initiators and pull followers in a particular direction. The study suggests that shared, democratic decision-making is widespread even among species with highly stratified social hierarchies.
Researchers have demonstrated a new technique to non-invasively survey tigers using their scent sprays, which can be detected more frequently than traditional scat. This method shows promise for genetic monitoring of tiger populations and could increase the power of conservation surveys.
A global strategy for preventative water sample analysis has been developed, utilizing a comprehensive database of 8,000 substances. This allows laboratories to identify previously unknown molecules faster through non-target screening technology, enabling quicker response to potential waterborne risks.
A new study from the University of California, Davis, uses GPS tracking to show that animals living in complex societies make decisions democratically. The study breaks ground in how animal behavior data is collected, revealing patterns similar to those found in more simple societal structures.
A new study finds that wastewater injection rate is the strongest trigger for induced quakes, with high-rate wells nearly twice as likely to cause earthquakes. The research analyzed public data on operational wells across the US and discovered a strong correlation between injection rate and induced seismicity.
The REDIchip can detect drugs in urinalyses, provide earlier detection of emerging health problems, enhance medical imaging, improve tumor margin determinations, and identify endocrine disruptors in the environment.
Researchers found that jet contrails depress daytime-highs and nighttime-lows, mimicking the effect of ordinary clouds, with a 5-6 degree Fahrenheit reduction in daily temperature range in regions like the South and Midwest.
Researchers at EPFL have discovered how a major effector protein regulates gene expression by speeding up its search for chromatin binding sites. By increasing its binding rate and forming dimers to maximize interaction with chromatin, HP1α enhances gene regulation efficiency.
A new review published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology highlights best practices to prevent infections during healthcare laundry, including adherence to Standard Precautions and proper storage of laundered textiles. The study found that current industrial laundry processes are sufficient to interrupt patient-to-patient tra...
Researchers suggest that a sequence of tailored immunizations could guide the immune response to develop special antibodies that can neutralize HIV. The approach targets the virus's binding site, which remains unchanged despite mutations.
A team of Temple researchers led by Dr. Raj Kishore used stem cell exosomes to induce the repair of damaged mouse hearts, improving heart function and reducing scar tissue. The study's findings suggest a unique way to regenerate the heart without using stem cells.
Scientists found that Oklahoma's rising number of earthquakes coincided with increased disposal of salty wastewater into the Arbuckle formation. The primary source of quake-triggering wastewater is brackish water generated from oil and gas extraction, not hydraulic fracturing flowback water.
Researchers have identified the molecular basis for a heart condition called dilated cardiomyopathy and found a potential treatment that partially restores function to diseased cells. The study used induced pluripotent stem cells to model the disease, revealing how a key signaling pathway develops in healthy vs. diseased cells.
A new security technology has been developed by IT researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum to protect the 'Internet of Things' from cyber threats. The technology uses a combination of digital encryption and analogue communication technologies, making it fast, energy-efficient and secure.