Researchers analyzed DNA samples from 64 populations in Europe, Africa, and the Americas to uncover the genetic fingerprints of the slave trade and colonization. The study found that Americans have a complex genetic profile, with varying proportions of African and European ancestry.
Expert consensus paper provides guidance on transcatheter pulmonic valve replacement for patients with congenital heart disease. The recommendations stress the importance of a heart team collaborating on treatment decisions, and institutions must meet specific requirements to perform these procedures.
A new study by researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery found significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in hip fracture care, with black patients, Medicaid patients, and those from impoverished communities facing increased risks of delayed surgery, hospital readmissions, complications, and mortality. The study analyzed data f...
A new study found that teenagers who struggle with anxiety and feel pressure to be popular are at a higher risk of abusing prescription drugs. The researchers recruited teens in shopping malls across the US and asked them about their substance use, finding a strong link between psychological states and prescription drug abuse.
Research from Max Planck Institute finds that leaders' brain activity in left temporo-parietal junction synchronizes with followers', predicting leader emergence. The quality, not quantity, of communication determines leadership.
Bai-Lian Li, a professor of ecology at UC Riverside, has been awarded the 2015 Prigogine Gold Medal for his work on mathematical and statistical modeling applications in ecological studies. His research focuses on self-organization, emergence, and non-equilibrium biological systems.
A study published in Preventive Medicine Reports found that younger drivers and females are more likely to use their cell phones while driving. Cell phone use overall decreased over the years, but texting increased by 2 percent from 2011 to 2013.
A new study found that kidneys from deceased African-American donors with two APOL1 gene renal risk variants failed more rapidly after transplantation. The study suggests that rapid genotyping of these donors at the time of organ recovery may improve transplant outcomes.
Researchers have discovered elastocaloric materials that can change temperature in response to mechanical stress, enabling more efficient solid-state refrigeration. These materials could lead to environmentally-friendly replacements for traditional cooling technologies, with potential applications in household refrigerators, air condit...
A new study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology found that laparoscopic hysterectomy with morcellation is associated with fewer postoperative complications and improved quality of life compared to abdominal surgery. The study used decision-tree analysis to compare outcomes according to the probability of compli...
A study by Washington University in St. Louis found that low levels of manganese increased dopamine levels in honey bee brains, speeding up their behavior, while high doses caused toxicity. The findings suggest that honey bees may serve as early warning indicators for environmental toxins.
A quantum experiment has demonstrated Einstein's concept of 'spooky action at a distance' using homodyne measurements on a single particle. The phenomenon shows the non-local collapse of a particle's wave function when detected in two or more places.
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends longer surveillance periods and new criteria for surgery to limit unnecessary interventions. The risk of malignancy for pancreatic cysts is low, with most patients having benign cysts.
A study by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons found that older runners (age 30 and older) are less likely to adapt their running style to barefoot shoes, putting them at increased risk of injury. Despite this, many experienced runners continue to use a heel-first strike pattern when running without shoes.
A recent study found that young adults raised in educated households have higher cognitive ability than those from less ideal environments. The study compared IQ scores of Swedish male siblings raised by biological or adoptive parents, with adopted males showing a significant 4.4-point advantage.
The PNNL Hydrogen Catalysis team received the American Chemical Society's Catalysis Lectureship for Advancing Catalytic Science. Their breakthrough research revolutionized understanding of proton movement, enabling faster and more energy-efficient catalysts.
A breakthrough discovery by Queen's University researcher Madhuri Koti has identified biomarkers that can predict the success of chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. This finding holds promise for improving treatment options and increasing patient survival rates.
A new study found that adding flax seeds to the diet of calves can improve the nutritional quality of beef by reducing saturated fatty acids and increasing omega-3 acids. The enriched meat was also preferred by consumers in a taste test, making it a potential alternative for healthier food options.
Researchers found that certain red blood cell variants, such as HbAS, correlated with protection from malaria in early childhood. Additionally, a genetic condition known as homozygous X-linked G6PD deficiency reduced malaria risk in girls, while HbC-trait increased risk.
A nationwide survey of registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) has defined advanced practice dietitians, distinguishing them from entry-level and early-career RDNs. The new credentialing exam will assess autonomy, clinical knowledge, and specialized skills in areas like support nutrition care and research.
A new study finds that routine bisphosphonate treatment can significantly reduce the risk of additional fractures in women over 65 who sustain a distal radius fracture, but at an estimated lifetime cost of $19.5 billion.
According to a new study, hip replacement patients can safely drive as early as two weeks following surgery, thanks to advancements in surgical techniques, pain management, and rehabilitation procedures. The study found that brake reaction time returned to baseline or better in most patients by two weeks.
Researchers at Empa measure first generation of coolants in the Swiss atmosphere, finding a faster decay rate than predecessors. The study highlights environmental concerns related to these substances, including their potential impact on ecosystems and human health.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing found that electronic word-of-mouth has a significant impact on sales, varying by product type and industry. Consumers favor specialized review sites and word-of-mouth from independent review sites over retailer sites.
Researchers found that BPA exposure in fish can lead to reduced fertilization rates and increased embryo mortality in subsequent generations. Exposure occurred during embryonic development, resulting in adverse effects on future reproductive health.
The American Association of Anatomists has awarded Young Investigators to R.R. Bensley Award winner Bungo Akiyoshi for his discovery of unconventional kinetochores in Kinetoplastids, and Feng Zhang for his contributions to comparative neuroanatomy through genome manipulations using CRISPR-Cas9.
A new study by Women's College Hospital found that women with diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage breast cancer. The study analyzed data from over 38,000 women and found that those with diabetes were 14% more likely to present with Stage II or III breast cancer.
Scientists have discovered 30 new types of heat-beater beans that can thrive in drastic weather extremes, offering a climate-friendly option for farmers. The development of these heat-defying beans is a landmark result of urgent efforts to adapt crops to environmental stresses and could save the 'meat of the poor' from global warming.
Research found that child pedestrian injuries involving motor vehicles most frequently occur when children are unsupervised near schools and bus stops during the spring months. The study identified injury clusters near these locations, which can help guide prevention strategies in urban settings.
Researchers have made an experimental breakthrough in understanding the Kondo Effect, a phenomenon affecting electrical resistance in materials. The discovery could lead to new technologies, including magnetic refrigeration and magnetocaloric properties, which could significantly reduce energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions.
A new study found that 48% of hip fracture patients experienced delirium during hospitalization, leading to significantly longer hospital stays and higher costs. The study suggests that reducing the rate of delirium would simultaneously increase quality of care while decreasing costs for elderly patient care.
A new study from the University of Waterloo reveals that smaller, isolated wetlands are being lost at a higher rate than larger ones, with significant consequences for aquatic species and water quality. The research emphasizes the importance of considering ecosystem services provided by different wetland types in restoration efforts.
A new study found that cancer patients have variable knowledge about imaging tests, with most wanting basic education about radiation use and understanding how tests differ. Patients also desired information on potential long-term risks and participation in decision-making about medical imaging.
A study by Virginia Commonwealth University researchers has found a biological clue that may help explain why some drinkers develop a dependence on alcohol. The discovery could lead to the development of more effective drugs to combat alcoholism.
A team at Trinity College in Dublin has discovered a new class of magnetic materials based on Mn-Ga alloys, which could revolutionize data storage and increase wireless data transmission speeds. The material has unique properties that make it immune to external magnetic fields and free from demagnetizing forces.
A Mayo Clinic study of over 3,600 postmortem brains reveals that tau protein is the primary driver of cognitive decline and memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid buildup, while toxic, does not play a major role in disease progression, according to researchers.
A multi-disciplinary team from Singapore has characterised genetic changes associated with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer, enabling the development of personalised diagnostic tests. The research could lead to improved treatment and cure rates for patients.
A study found that UK patients with cystic fibrosis who received transplants had better survival rates than publicly insured Americans. The research suggests that a single-payer national health care system can provide complex, coordinated and expansive care with long-term outcomes similar to those achieved by private insurance.
Tropical Cyclone Nathan's maximum sustained winds dropped to 30 knots (34.5 mph/55.5 kph) as it continued to move across land in the Top End of Australia's Northern Territory. The storm was weakening inland and had low potential for regeneration over the next few days.
Researchers at NYU Langone found that adolescent patients who undergo high-volume scoliosis surgery have significantly lower reoperation rates compared to those with low-volume surgeons. The study suggests that experienced spine surgeons can reduce complications and need for revision surgeries.
Researchers have developed a new technology to preserve milk without refrigeration or chemicals, reducing waste and increasing income for small farmers. Pulsed electric fields can kill bacteria and extend shelf life without constant electricity supply.
Researchers examine how anthropology is applied in the courtroom, highlighting differences between cultural anthropologists' definitions of culture and the legal system's understanding. Leila Rodriguez presents her own experience testifying in a sexual abuse case, discussing approaches to data collection and its impact on testimony.
A new study found that unpredictable division patterns in HPV-infected stem cells play a critical role in eradicating the virus. This finding suggests that tweaking infected cell division patterns may help clear HPV infections and lower cancer risk.
A study published by NYU Langone researchers found that patients with diabetes who undergo ankle fracture surgery have significantly longer lengths of stay and total hospital charges compared to non-diabetics. Patients with complicated disease also experience worse trends, with increased costs and prolonged hospital stays.
Researchers developed a new yeast strain that can produce lipids at a higher rate, making it a viable platform for turning sugar into biofuels. The strain can also be used to produce oleochemicals, chemicals traditionally derived from plant and animal fats and petroleum.
A novel decision tree assesses quarantine's impact on disease spread and individual freedoms. The authors warn against premature quarantine measures without evidence-based data.
Research finds that malaria-infected cells produce specific terpenes attractive to mosquitoes, which can be detected in breath or sweat. This discovery may lead to new diagnostic tests and improve malaria control by understanding mosquito attraction.
A survey of almost 400,000 British residents found significant differences in personalities between regions. The study reveals that Scots are amongst the friendliest, Londoners the most open, and Welsh people the least emotionally stable.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique that enables fast and broad diagnostic assessments using infrared light, eliminating the need for chemical stains. This allows pathologists to obtain precise information from tissue samples without damaging them.
A study finds that consumers perceive handmade products as imbued with love and creator's essence. Handmade items preferred when purchasing for loved ones, with a 17% premium paid.
Researchers at Australian National University have created a topological insulator that can bend light around corners with no loss of signal, opening possibilities for nanoscale light sources, efficient antennas, and quantum computing.
A recent study found that men have higher levels of function before and after total knee replacement (TKR) surgery compared to women. At five years post-surgery, implant survival was nearly identical between genders, with men having a slightly higher functional score.
The marketing, prescribing, and selling of testosterone and growth hormone as solutions for aging-associated problems is considered disease mongering. The FDA has recently acknowledged that these treatments are not indicated for age-related decline in serum testosterone, with potential risks outweighing benefits.
Researchers argue key assumptions in the report are simplistic and call for a revised approach. They question whether the pledge has been met, citing potential flaws in data and analysis.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a group of genes in snails that provide natural resistance to the flatworm parasite causing schistosomiasis. This finding offers potential new avenues for treatment and control of the disease, which can cause chronic disability and even lead to bladder cancer.
Researchers found that soil microbes are the primary source of bacteria colonizing grapevines, affecting disease resistance, stress tolerance, and productivity. The study's findings could lead to biotechnological advances in producing hardier crops and improving wine quality.
New research at KU Medical Center found a correlation between milk consumption and increased levels of glutathione in the brain. Participants who drank milk recently had higher glutathione levels, which could help stave off oxidative stress and its associated diseases.
Researchers have developed a new technique to retain more antioxidants in chocolate by storing cocoa pods for a few days before fermentation. This process, called pulp preconditioning, resulted in higher antioxidant activity and more polyphenols in the beans.
Researchers found that fans attending live events are more interested in bouts between fighters of all weight classes, while PPV audiences favor heavyweights. This trend is crucial for UFC administrators to decide which events to promote on PPV or broadcast TV.
A child with autism improved dramatically while taking an antibiotic for strep throat, prompting a quest by the parent to understand the phenomenon. The collaboration led to a scientific conference and special issue in a scientific journal featuring articles on the microbiome's involvement in autism.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed an artificial hand with muscles made from shape-memory wire, enabling precise movements and adaptability. The technology has potential applications in industrial production lines and prosthetic devices.
Researchers have designed a drug called MP-MUS that targets the energy source of brain tumor cells, crippling their ability to grow and divide. In animal models and human tissue cultures, MP-MUS destroyed 90-95% of malignant glioma cells without affecting healthy brain cells.
Experts say research is needed to develop strategies to protect athletes from brain injury, citing a lack of long-term studies and unclear causes. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has been linked to repeated blows to the head, but diagnosis requires autopsy and more research is needed to understand its development.
Cells sort out hairpin-loop structures meant to encode small RNAs, known as microRNAs, using a specific chemical tag. The discovery has wide-ranging implications for development, health and disease, including cancer.
A multivalent vaccine candidate induced broad antibody responses in trial participants, including to non-vaccine strains, suggesting a possible solution to evading immunity. The study provides evidence that VLP-based vaccines may overcome antigenic drift, but further development and clinical trials are needed for a vaccine suitable for...
Researchers have discovered a new class of potentially therapeutic lipids, FAHFAs, which are found at lower levels in people with insulin resistance. Administering FAHFAs to diabetic mice improved glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, suggesting a potential avenue for developing novel medications.
A new series of articles examines the association between air pollution and health, with studies finding links between short-term exposure and increased risks of stroke and anxiety. The research highlights the need for policy changes to reduce exposure in highly polluted regions.
The unregulated online market for human breast milk puts infants at risk due to lack of pasteurization and proper testing. Experts call for legal regulation and training for healthcare workers to ensure safe alternatives are offered to mothers struggling with breastfeeding.
A Georgetown University Medical Center study found that brain neurons learn words quickly by tuning to recognize complete words as visual objects, not parts of them. The 'visual word form area' in the left side of the visual cortex remembers how whole words look, facilitating fast reading and helping people with reading difficulties.
Astronomers have discovered an outburst from a young protostar called HOPS 383, revealing a sudden accumulation of gas and dust. The eruption is thought to be caused by instabilities in the disk around the protostar, leading to an extreme hot spot that heats up the surrounding material.
Researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery found that patients who go home after knee replacement and receive physical therapy at home do just as well as those discharged to an in-patient rehabilitation facility. Two-year outcomes in terms of pain, function, and improvement were similar between the two groups.
A new study published in JAMA finds that using a stent to widen narrowed brain arteries does not provide better outcomes than medication alone. The trial enrolled 112 patients and found increased stroke or TIA risk with stent use, as well as higher mortality rates.
Research shows that children as young as 5 years old exhibit the bystander effect when others are present and available to help, suggesting they take responsibility into account. The study's findings highlight the complexity of young children's helping behavior and indicate that interventions should address diffusion of responsibility.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that adding two non-invasive imaging tests to traditional cardiovascular disease risk factor assessment can more accurately predict a healthy patient's future risk of heart attack, stroke, or premature death. The study identified subclinical atherosclerosi...
Researchers have developed tandem photovoltaics that combine perovskite and silicon solar cells to achieve higher energy conversion efficiencies. This innovative design could give a boost to industrial solar cell efficiencies and provide a promising alternative to traditional silicon solar cells.
A comprehensive assessment of microplastics in the Great Lakes finds high concentrations of plastic debris, including microbeads, in all five lakes. The study reveals that plastics can persist in the environment for thousands of years and are easily ingested by aquatic organisms.
Scientists have made significant discoveries about the Sun's behavior in soft X-rays, shedding light on heating mechanisms and coronal composition. The study found that nanoflares, tiny explosions on the Sun, could be responsible for increased soft X-ray emissions, which also affects space weather events near Earth.
Research by University of Montreal demographers reveals that socio-economic inequalities among First Nations communities drive migration patterns in Canada. Main reasons for migration include pursuing education, finding work, and seeking better health and living conditions.
The study observes the convergence of classical and quantum behavior in photons, revealing a 'point of transition' where quantum nature 'collapses' to conform to classical rules. The researchers also detect bi-photons at an unprecedented high rate using a fiber-based nonlinear process.
The American Association of Anatomists has awarded lifetime achievement honors to nine individuals for their scientific, educational, and leadership contributions to the field of anatomy. The award winners include experts who have made significant impacts on human anatomy education, research, and clinical applications.
New research reveals that spinal surgery significantly reduces low back pain and improves sexual function in patients with degenerative conditions. The study found that 70% of patients consider sex an important aspect of their life quality.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered that it is possible to detect endometrial cancer using tumor DNA picked up by ordinary tampons. The study found higher methylation levels in vaginal secretions from women with endometrial cancer, suggesting a potential tool for early detection.
Economists from Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam found a significant correlation between natural gas extraction and house price decreases in the northern Netherlands. Earthquakes induced by gas extraction result in house price drops of approximately USD 2750, affecting the region's housing market.
A lack of regulatory definition for natural foods has led to increased consumer lawsuits, forcing companies to reformulate products. The FDA and FTC have previously abandoned efforts to define natural products due to limited progress.
A study at Hospital for Special Surgery found that hip replacement is an excellent option to alleviate pain and improve function in juvenile arthritis patients under age 35 when conservative treatments fail. The procedure lasted at least 10 years in 85 percent of patients, with some implants lasting up to 20 years.
Researchers suggest that increased schooling and mentally challenging problems tackled in schools contribute to the dramatic rise in IQ scores, known as the Flynn Effect. This finding supports the idea that environment plays a stronger role in intelligence than previously thought.
Researchers created an algorithm to determine factors contributing to arthritis pain in a national representative sample of adults. The study found that physical health status, diabetes, and previous joint pain were the greatest predictors of pain, with an accuracy rate of 98.6%.
A study analyzing salaries of registered nurses in the US from 1988 to 2013 found that male RNs consistently outearned their female counterparts across settings, specialties, and positions. The pay gap remained unchanged over time, with an estimated $5,148 difference in adjusted earnings.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have successfully grown a 3D mini lung from embryonic stem cells, replicating the organization of human airways. The study demonstrates a novel method for morphogenesis in a dish, enabling the creation of lung tissue with cell types found in the lungs.
Researchers found that most hip replacement patients can safely drive within two weeks of surgery, with only 13% reaching baseline driving readiness at four weeks. Patients who underwent THR were assessed using the Brake Reaction Test and reported a high rate of recovery.
A new study by Mass Eye and Ear surgeons found that professional singers experience no impairment in their voices after thyroid surgery using a neural monitoring system. The research showed 100% return to performance rate and mean time to performance was 2.26 months, with vocal fatigue being the most affected parameter.
A new study found that many residents in southern Spain do not take steps to prepare themselves against future disasters due to lack of information and financial resources. However, when the government is involved in awareness campaigns and housing subsidies, participants finally take steps toward disaster preparedness.
Major League Baseball pitchers who underwent a second Tommy John surgery saw significant performance decline and shortened careers. Researchers found that only 65% returned to pitching at the MLB level, with average career duration of three years or less.
A recent study from Brigham Young University finds that leaders with a mix of narcissism and humility are more effective and engage their employees better. The research, which was published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, suggests that when leaders balance their self-confidence with humility, they can avoid the negative traits as...
A new hand-held instrument called OsteoProbe measures the bone material strength index (BMSi), which predicts bone fracture risk. The device is more sensitive than standard measurement techniques and can detect changes in cortical bone indentation following treatment with osteoporosis therapies.
Researchers developed new techniques to locate, quantify and attribute sources of leaked methane emissions from oil and gas operations. They used space-based observations to identify high methane releases in the US, challenging previous estimates of low leakage rates.
The CRISPR-Cas9 technology enables the rapid creation of transgenic mouse models in just three weeks, compared to six months, revolutionizing the study of diseases such as Huntington's and autism. Dr. Feng Zhang's groundbreaking research has made significant progress in deploying and refining this technique for therapeutic applications.
Researchers have developed a new tandem solar cell that combines two types of photovoltaic material to harvest a broader range of the sun's energy. The new cell achieves an efficiency of 13.7 percent, which could be improved to over 30 percent with low-cost modifications.
Researchers created a nanobot on a bacterial spore, using graphene quantum dots to detect changes in humidity. The device, called NERD, responds 10 times faster and is more sensitive in low-humidity situations.
A new study found that high-energy TV commercials can be overwhelming for consumers, especially during sad or relaxing shows. Moderately energetic commercials, on the other hand, were shown to be more effective in grabbing viewers' attention and leaving a positive impression.