A two-year clinical trial found that neither vitamin D supplementation nor exercise training reduced overall fall rates among older women in Finland. However, the study discovered a significant decrease in injurious falls among exercisers, regardless of vitamin D status. Vitamin D also improved bone density and increased muscle strength.
A new study by University of Exeter researchers suggests that setting a high carbon tax can help delay the likelihood of irreparable climate change damages and trigger future tipping points. By applying an insurance premium to carbon emissions, policymakers can mitigate the prospect of abrupt changes in the climate system.
Researchers at Perimeter Institute and IQC have discovered a new class of quantum advantages that allow for cause-effect correlation determination without intervention. This breakthrough has significance for both quantum information and quantum foundations, underpinning the promise of quantum technologies.
Researchers found delayed radiation therapy offers no protective benefit and may increase risk of complications, contradicting the long-held view. Adjuvant therapy soon after prostate removal is effective in curing patients with low-grade disease.
A study will be conducted to understand how revalidation is carried out in comparable countries, with recommendations for models of implementation. The team aims to provide evidence to support future policy developments in Australian medical revalidation strategy.
Researchers propose that a second generation of planets, including super-Earths, existed in the inner solar system before being destroyed by Jupiter's massive migration. This scenario helps explain why Earth and other terrestrial planets have relatively low masses compared to exoplanets orbiting other sun-like stars.
Tropical Cyclone Reuben formed on March 21 and was at its peak when NASA's Aqua satellite captured its image on March 22. The storm quickly weakened due to vertical wind shear before dissipating by March 23.
A randomized clinical trial found that chef-enhanced meals led to increased consumption of fruits and vegetables among elementary and middle school students. After seven months, the odds of students selecting vegetables increased significantly in schools with chef-enhanced meals.
Cancer cells with high stress granule levels are more likely to metastasize. Removing YB-1 reduces stress granule formation and decreases metastatic spread in animal models.
A new study by the University of Miami found that women who received stress management training during breast cancer treatment experienced improved mood and quality of life for up to 15 years. The study suggests that early stress management can have long-term benefits for psychosocial health.
The Xpert MTB/RIF assay shows improved sensitivity for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in children compared to smear microscopy. However, the test's sensitivity remains suboptimum compared to culture tests, highlighting the need for continued research and clinical acumen in TB diagnosis.
Scientists are finding valuable metals in sewage, including gold, silver, and rare elements like palladium and vanadium. The discovery could reduce the need for mining and decrease environmental pollution by recovering these metals from treated solid waste.
Researchers from the University of Melbourne found that genetic variation affects the protective effect of aspirin on bowel cancer risk. The study analyzed data from 8,624 participants and found that about 1 in 25 people do not benefit from taking aspirin, potentially increasing their risk.
A new study by University of York researchers has identified novel steps in dementia progression, potentially leading to targeted therapies. The research focuses on the protein CHMP2B and its impact on synapses, which can cause overgrowth and contribute to cognitive decline.
ACS researcher Laura Kiessling has discovered a way to target bacterial carbohydrates, potentially leading to new antibiotic strategies. Her team found that human proteins can recognize unique microbial carbohydrates, opening up possibilities for delivering targeted treatments.
High-definition scans of fetuses whose mothers smoked showed a significantly higher rate of mouth movements than normal declining rates. The researchers believe this may be due to delayed fetal development of the central nervous system, which controls facial movements.
A pilot study in six primary schools in Panama City found a marked improvement in children's behavior after parents received a parenting intervention. The intervention, based on the Triple P method, addressed issues such as encouraging good behavior and reasons for disobedience, resulting in improved parent-child relationships.
The study found that the Atlantic Ocean's overturning has been weakening since 1970, mainly caused by freshwater from melting Greenland ice sheets. This could lead to major negative effects on ocean ecosystems, fisheries, and regional sea-level rise.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a novel method capable of mimicking Nature's ability to sort, capture, transport and release molecules. This technique sets the stage for continuous and efficient manipulation of a range of molecules relevant to human and environmental health.
A study by University College London researchers discovered that male birds with physical ornaments tend to have genomes with mildly negative mutations. This leads to reduced fitness in their descendants. The study focused on the Galloanserae bird group, analyzing genetic material from various species.
The International Journal of Infectious Diseases publishes a special issue to mark World TB Day, highlighting recent successes and future challenges in eliminating TB. The issue presents new vaccine candidates, diagnostic techniques, and treatment options for drug-resistant strains.
States expanding Medicaid under ACA see 23% increase in newly diagnosed diabetes patients compared to non-expansion states. Early detection can prevent complications and improve quality of life for those with diabetes.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a novel biotechnological solution to treat erectile dysfunction by triggering reliable erections with gene therapy and blue light exposure. The system works similarly across all mammals, including humans, and is expected to have few side effects.
A team of UC Santa Barbara scientists discovered a new virus that selectively targets one gene for mutation, allowing it to thrive in extreme environments. They also found that some archaea do the same, targeting multiple genes and accelerating genetic variation through guided mutation.
A diet high in whole grains and cereal fibers is associated with a reduced risk of premature death. Researchers found that consuming an average of 1.2 ounces of whole grains per 1000 kcal per day was linked to a 17% reduced risk of premature death compared to those consuming less.
Researchers at Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital implemented Lean Six Sigma to reduce pediatric patient discharges without affecting readmission rates. The intervention significantly sped up discharges by 93 minutes, reducing ED boarding hours and financial losses.
The presentation focuses on developing novel materials that can prompt reactions in the lab, which could help reduce levels of greenhouse gases. The research aims to mimic nature's chemistry to solve global environmental problems and provide new solutions for industrial applications.
A study in Movement Disorders reveals that certain cerebellar ataxias can be effectively treated with regimens such as prescription drugs, high doses of vitamin E, and gluten-free diets. Early treatment is crucial to prevent neurological deterioration in these conditions.
Researchers identified five familial cases of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), a condition where a tear occurs inside an artery leading to a heart attack. The study suggests that SCAD may be inherited, with implications for at-risk family members and a better understanding of the condition.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL have developed a new algorithm, DIODE, to detect integer-overflow bugs in programs. The system works by feeding a single sample input and recording each operation performed on it, allowing it to identify potential security vulnerabilities.
A comprehensive analysis of 66,101 health-care facilities in 54 low- and middle-income countries found that 38% lack an improved water source, 19% lack improved sanitation, and 35% lack soap for hand washing. This compromise basic health-care services like child delivery, posing infection risks to patients and staff.
A new study found that chef-enhanced school meals significantly increased students' fruit and vegetable consumption, with an 8% increase in vegetable selection after three months. The study also showed that using 'choice architecture' techniques improved students' selection of fruits and vegetables, but did not lead to long-term changes.
More than 120 US engineering schools pledged to graduate 20 'Grand Challenge Engineers' per year, trained through special programs with a focus on hands-on research, global perspectives, and service-learning. The goal is to train over 20,000 engineers to address societal challenges.
Researchers have designed 'invisibility stickers' that could help soldiers disguise themselves even when detected by infrared cameras. The stickers use a protein found in squid skin and can be triggered to change their appearance under an infrared camera, making them ideal for camouflage operations.
Conscientiousness in childhood is a significant predictor of adult smoking behavior, accounting for 5% of the social gradient. Childhood conscientiousness emerges as a stronger predictor than adult conscientiousness.
A new study predicts that global water demand will outpace supply by mid-century unless innovative solutions are developed. Researchers used a mathematical model to analyze past trends and suggest a similar pattern of technological advancements could alleviate future shortages.
A Canadian study found that women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds experience poorer health outcomes than those in higher socioeconomic brackets. The research analyzed data from over 68,000 new mothers and their babies, highlighting disparities in prenatal care, labor experiences, and infant health.
The World Health Organization's End TB Strategy aims to eliminate tuberculosis through optimized implementation of current tools, universal health coverage, and adequate research investment. By implementing these approaches, the authors assert that ending the tuberculosis epidemic is achievable within two decades.
A study from Oregon State University reveals that zinc deficiency can induce an increased inflammatory response in cells, particularly in older adults. The researchers found that reducing zinc levels led to improper immune cell activation and dysregulation of a cytokine IL-6, which affects inflammation.
The study explains why our solar system has a gap between Mercury and the outer planets. Jupiter's inward migration destroyed any newly-formed super-Earths, leaving behind rocky inner planets like Earth with thinner atmospheres.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed a secure way to measure the protein apo-M, which may hold clues to diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes. The new method uses commercially available antibodies to unfold the protein's complex structure, making it easier to identify.
Researchers found that a blood test immediately after heart surgery can predict postoperative stroke risk, with elevated BUN levels being the most powerful predictor. This study aims to better assess stroke risk and reduce incidents, disabilities, and expenses.
Researchers found that a combination of metformin and vitamin D3 significantly improved outcomes in animal studies, inhibiting tumor growth and reducing polyp formation. The dual-compound effect was more effective than either option alone, with modest amounts needed to achieve the benefits.
Professor Federico Rosei has received the AVS Excellence in Leadership Award, a first for a scientist working in Canada. He is recognized for his extensive training and mentoring initiatives, which have benefited over 100 young researchers from 30 countries.
According to research published by the American Psychological Association, spending between one and two hours a day on math and science homework is ideal for adolescents. Students who do their homework alone score higher than those who need help, highlighting the importance of autonomy in learning.
Researchers from the Malaspina Expedition found that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the deep ocean is not degraded by bacteria due to low concentrations of degradable compounds. The study provides new insights into the regulation of the carbon cycle and global climate.
Researcher David Queller and colleagues tested an alternative mathematical model to inclusive fitness theory, finding it equivalent in predictions. The model's assertions were disputed, with Queller arguing that varying relatedness undermines the Harvard authors' claims about eusociality.
A recent study found that sudden growth of Burkholderia multivorans preceded periods of acute illness in a CF patient. The team used an extensive collection of lung sputum samples to analyze the bacterial community, providing critical context for their research.
A new study reveals a blood test that measures circulating tumour cells can predict which men are benefitting least from prostate cancer drug treatment after just 12 weeks. The test may allow doctors to switch patients to alternative treatments earlier, speeding up clinical trials and improving survival rates.
Researchers apply compressed sensing to simplify chemistry calculations, reducing the need for expensive high-accuracy calculations. The technique achieves results three times faster than traditional methods, showing promising potential for a 'virtual laboratory' in chemistry research.
Researchers discovered a gene called Plexin D1 that controls fat storage and cell shape, which is associated with health risks. Zebrafish without the gene had less abdominal fat and were protected from insulin resistance.
India's TB epidemic is worsened by the failure of its Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program to engage the private sector, argues Dr. Zarir Udwadia. The program needs to provide free diagnosis and treatment to all patients, regardless of sector, to control the spread of TB.
A newly discovered frog species, Pristimantis mutabilis, has the ability to change its skin texture in minutes to blend into its surroundings. The frogs were found in Ecuador's cloud forest and their shape-shifting capability challenges traditional methods of species identification.
At least 30 dogs in England have died from a mysterious kidney disease, with evidence found in 15 breeds including English springer spaniel, Labrador retriever and cocker spaniel. The disease is believed to be Alabama rot, which causes skin lesions and kidney failure.
Researchers found that blocking two pathways, PGE2 and PD-1, boosts T-cell function and enhances viral control in mice with chronic infections. Celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was also shown to improve T-cell responses.
A study by American Society for Horticultural Science researchers recommends specific water content thresholds for improved irrigation management in Gardenia jasminoides. The results show that applying water only when needed leads to efficient irrigation with minimal leaching, resulting in better plant growth and root establishment.
Researchers from UEA and international partners utilized wave turbulence theory to tackle the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem, a 60-year-old numerical experiment. They successfully predicted long thermalization timescales and corroborated their findings with extensive simulations.
Researchers have found that people with cystic fibrosis have limited ability to uptake and use oxygen in their muscles, leading to exercise intolerance. The study uses Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to evaluate skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in patients with CF, providing a non-invasive method for measuring muscle function.
A new study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that women who have given birth to four or more children are more likely to experience cardiovascular changes that can indicate heart disease. Researchers compared data from the Dallas Heart Study and found a U-shaped association between the number of births and heart disease risk.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that co-infection with two parasite species can reduce the severity of a more lethal disease, East Coast fever. The researchers propose using a mild parasitic infection as a vaccine alternative, which could be safer and less costly.
A team of researchers found that the success of marine diatoms over the last 40 million years is linked to increased continental erosion. Diatoms consume massive amounts of carbon from oceans daily, producing organic matter that helps reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
Researchers developed a new technique to visualize and track molecules in real-time, revealing their dynamic behavior in living cells. This provides a more realistic picture of how molecules move within cells, shedding light on previously hidden factors involved in nanocrystal assembly.
Researchers discovered that saccharin binds to and deactivates carbonic anhydrase IX, a protein found in some aggressive cancers. This finding opens up the potential to develop novel anti-cancer drugs derived from common condiments.
The inaugural issue of ACS Central Science features a range of articles highlighting the importance of chemistry in bridging physical and life sciences. Key findings include advances in analytical chemistry enabling real-time monitoring of genetic and environmental factors, and synthetic chemistry's role in delivering genetic treatments.
A novel deuterium-containing sigma-1 agonist, C-10068, demonstrated anti-seizure and anti-inflammatory effects in a preclinical model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). It affected multiple neurochemical pathways, including sigma-1 receptors, which play a widespread modulatory role in the central nervous system.
A new study found that children who received the 4CMenB vaccine in infancy showed waning immunity to serogroup B meningococcal disease by age 5, despite receiving a booster dose at 3.5 years old. The researchers also reported lower rates of fever compared to younger children.
A team of geophysicists discovered the twin scars of two massive asteroid impacts in Central Australia, hidden deep within the earth's crust. The impact zones are estimated to be over 400 kilometers wide and are believed to have occurred millions of years ago.
Research tracked children's cardiovascular health from age 9 to 30 and found those exposed to parental smoking had a 1.7 times higher risk of carotid plaque in adulthood. Parents who smoked indoors or allowed smoke into their homes were at the highest risk.
A new study from the University of Alberta's Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry found that keeping a pain diary can have unintended consequences on patient recovery. Patients who kept diaries had slower recovery rates compared to those who did not.
The US Preventive Services Task Force finds that routine screening for thyroid dysfunction in nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults lacks sufficient evidence. In contrast, the American Diabetes Association recommends individualized treatment plans for patients with diabetes, taking into account factors like age, comorbid conditions, and car...
A majority of new general pediatricians are satisfied with their first job, with lifestyle and family considerations being the most important factor. The study found that over 80% of new pediatricians were very satisfied with their first jobs, with many wanting to spend more time in patient care and less in administrative tasks.
A new study finds that providing women with stress management skills during breast cancer treatment can lead to improved mood and quality of life many years later. Women who received the intervention had persistently less depressive symptoms and better quality of life up to 15 years post-treatment.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a way to control heat with magnetic fields, using acoustic phonons to steer heat magnetically. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for energy manipulation, potentially allowing for the control of sound waves as well.
The FARE Investigator in Food Allergy Awards support early and mid-career researchers expanding scientific understanding of food allergy through education and basic and clinical research. Recipients include Jessica O'Konek and Duane Wesemann, who will investigate nanoemulsion-based vaccines and the influence of microbial exposures on p...
Researchers discover roflumilast's mechanism of tolerance in severe COPD patients, highlighting potential for new therapeutics to improve efficacy. The study identifies key protein PKA-Cβ as a target for reducing unwanted PDE4B2 production.
Jessica Ruyle's innovative design allows communications systems to operate uninterrupted in the field, reducing performance and improving mobility. The new technology also has applications in police forces, firefighting teams, and commercial airplanes.
Research reveals anorexics' brain mechanisms that enable them to resist food temptations. Women recovered from anorexia nervosa exhibited decreased response to hunger and increased activation of cognitive control circuits.
Implementing video-based decision aids in urology led to fewer elective surgeries for benign prostatic hyperplasia and localized prostate cancer. Rates of surgical intervention declined by 32% for treated BPH patients and 27% for localized prostate cancer patients.
Researchers have identified two mechanisms by which a blood thinning agent interacts with a protein that acts as a natural HIV barrier, shedding light on the degradation of the virus. The study aims to develop drugs that inhibit HIV infection without harming langerin's protective function.
The new membranes show comparable performance to existing commercial membranes but with greater resistance to chlorine-containing chemicals. This technology can reduce operating costs and prevent decreased water flow due to biological fouling.
Researchers have analyzed the complete genome of Mycobacterium lepromatosis and compared it to that of the major leprosy-causing bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. The study reveals the origin and evolutionary history of both bacteria, offering new insights into their biology, global distribution, and possibly treatment.
Scientists have found that marijuana potency has tripled in some strains since legalization, with some samples containing up to 30% THC. However, many products lack cannabidiol, a compound with potential medical benefits, and contain contaminants such as fungi and solvents.
Research from the University of Waterloo and Perimeter Institute demonstrates that quantum mechanics can distinguish between cause-effect relations and common causes, unlike classical physics. This breakthrough enables a new approach to causal inference, potentially solving long-standing problems in science.
A previously undiscovered species of giant salamander-like amphibian was identified in southern Portugal, growing up to 2m in length and feeding mainly on fish. The discovery reveals that this group of primitive amphibians was more geographically diverse than previously thought.
A two-year study found that flower strips on farms in the UK increased common bumblebee populations by significantly boosting their numbers and nesting density. The research suggests that targeted agri-environment schemes can boost bee populations, particularly for common species, but may not benefit rarer species as much.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed a modular robot that can replicate the sharp turns of real sidewinder rattlesnakes. By analyzing the snakes' complex motion, they discovered how to change the phase and amplitude of two wave motions to achieve exceptional maneuverability.
A team of researchers, led by Yuri Lvov, has discovered that the key to thermalization in the FPU system lies in a gradual transfer of energy during coincidences of six modes. This nonreversible process leads to the irreversible transfer of energy and the eventual approach to thermal equilibrium.
A new report by the University of Manchester found that inadequate staffing and protocols contribute to suicidal deaths among mentally ill patients under observation. The study suggests that more experienced staff and improved observational practices are needed to reduce such incidents.
The UW nanolaser is built using a single atomic sheet of a tungsten-based semiconductor, which emits light efficiently and can be easily fabricated. This technology has the potential to revolutionize next-generation computing and optical communication by consuming less energy and enabling faster device performance.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified key receptors that trigger the immune system to attack tularemia-causing bacteria, potentially leading to new protective treatments and vaccines. The discovery could also shed light on autoimmune diseases and cancers.
Researchers used genetic analysis to trace the source of infection in a British patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). The study found that the patient caught the infection from a healthcare worker who had worked in South Africa, highlighting the need for effective infection prevention measures.
Researchers found two ancient stars in Sculptor dwarf galaxy with unusual chemical content, suggesting a single supernova explosion may have seeded the gas cloud. This discovery provides an unprecedented view of the earliest history of another galaxy.
A randomized controlled trial aims to develop evidence-based treatment practices for primary ciliary dyskinesia, a rare respiratory disorder. Azithromycin may offer a potential maintenance prophylactic therapy for PCD patients, improving pulmonary exacerbation rates and quality of life.
A new study identifies N-acetyltransferase 2 as a key gene variant linked to insulin resistance, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Inhibition of NAT2 in a mouse model decreased insulin sensitivity, highlighting its role in complex diseases.
A new study from the University of Hawaii predicts that coastal erosion in Hawai'i will double by mid-century, threatening thousands of homes and infrastructure. The model takes into account historical changes and projected sea level rise, indicating that shorelines will retreat an average of 16-20 feet by 2050 and nearly 60 feet by 2100.
A new CU-Boulder study has found that mountain pine beetle epidemics do not significantly increase the risk of wildfires in Western US forests. Climate change and drought are considered the primary drivers of larger forest fires.
Research reveals pregnant women with severe sickle cell disease are six times more likely to die during or after pregnancy. Women with the most severe form of SCD face increased risks of high blood pressure, stillbirth, preterm delivery, and smaller-than-average infants.
New approach aims to enhance neuroplastic processes, including angiogenesis, neurogenesis, oligodendrogenesis and axonal sprouting to improve neurological recovery. Early clinical trials are underway for innovative drugs such as Glibenclamide, Minocycline and Statins.
Researchers at KAIST identify brain somatic mutations in the MTOR gene as the cause of intractable epilepsy. These mutations are specific to the brain and can lead to permanent disabilities and death. A targeted therapy using rapamycin may offer a solution, suppressing mTOR kinase activation to lessen epileptic seizures.
Archeologists discover that mobile and sedentary Maya groups co-existed and collaborated on construction projects, participating in public ceremonies. This finding challenges the idea that sedentary and mobile communities were separate.
A recent study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine found that men who exercise more have better erectile and sexual function, regardless of race. Higher levels of physical activity were associated with improved scores for sexual function, including the ability to have erections and orgasms.
Researchers created a 3D map of the South Napa earthquake's impact using GPS and satellite readings, predicting ground shaking and estimating human and infrastructure impacts. The study could improve reaction time to deadly earthquakes, reducing fatalities and economic losses.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found a response in human cells consistent with vaccination response in mice, using a mutated insulin fragment. The finding suggests an immune response in humans could lead to a vaccine and treatment for diabetes.
The TSRI team found that a specific enzyme called ItpkB is crucial in maintaining healthy periods of inactivity in blood stem cells. Without this enzyme, HSCs become hyperactive, leading to anemia and other diseases. Researchers are now exploring the potential of targeting ItpkB to develop new therapies for these conditions.
Tropical Cyclone Nathan moved from Queensland to the Gulf Carpentaria and now crosses The Top End of Northern Territory. NASA's MODIS instrument captured images showing Nathan's western movement and second landfall near Arnheim Land.
A team of researchers, including Dr. John Pasley, discovered that plasma flowing around stars could create a series of pressure pulses generating sound waves. The frequency was too high for any mammal to hear, making it impossible for humans to detect.
Patients with Parkinson's disease experienced improved or eliminated preoperative pain after eight years following subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. However, new musculoskeletal pain developed in 75% of patients during the follow-up period.
A team of astronomers using APEX and other telescopes revealed that the star that appeared in the sky in 1670 was a rare stellar collision, not a nova. The team discovered a cool gas rich in molecules with an unusual chemical composition, which was too great to be explained by a nova explosion.
Researchers found that the immune system's attack on new blood vessel cells in fetuses may be responsible for life-threatening brain bleeds. This discovery challenges the previous belief that low platelet counts were the cause of fetal brain bleeds, suggesting a need for alternative therapies.
A new study by University of Utah researchers reveals the existence of an unknown layer inside Earth's lower mantle, where rock gets three times stiffer. This stiffness increase may explain why slabs of sinking tectonic plates stall and thicken at a depth of 930 miles underground.
A Carnegie Mellon University study found that when smartphone users learn the frequency of app location sharing, they quickly limit further sharing. Participants who received daily 'privacy nudges' detailing their app's access to sensitive information restricted permissions more than those who used an app permission manager.
A team of Singapore-based scientists identified a new signalling pathway regulating cancer internal diet. The therapy combines an old anti-malarial drug with CK1α inhibition, effectively treating colon and bladder cancers. Researchers hope to develop more potent inhibitors for this treatment.
New research reveals that non-native plants are less widespread and do not outcompete native species, suggesting alternative causes for vegetation change. High diversities of native and non-native plant species coexist in locations with high native species diversity.
Glioblastoma's aggressive nature is fueled by mTOR-induced pathways, but mTOR inhibitors have shown limited effectiveness. Compensatory glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in mTOR inhibitor resistance, as evidenced by increased glutaminase and glutamine levels in GBM cells and tumor xenografts.
A new study evaluates currently available screening tools for senior cancer patients taking too many medications. It found that a more comprehensive assessment and monitoring plan is needed to improve treatment outcomes.
A team of chemists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison has developed a method to precisely order molecules in organic glasses, leading to more efficient and durable portable electronic devices and potentially new generations of solar cells. This breakthrough could result in displays that produce more light using less energy.
A new study suggests discontinuing statins in patients with life-limiting illness can improve quality of life without adverse health effects. The study found no significant differences in mortality between those who continued and discontinued statin therapy.
A report by University of Montreal researcher Yves Carrière finds that delaying retirement eligibility will widen disparities among older adults. This policy change is expected to disproportionately affect those with lower incomes, who will be more reliant on private savings for support.
A genome-wide screen of zebrafish identified an enzyme, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-aa (pappaa), that promotes learning and memory by increasing IGF availability to neurons. The study's findings have implications for understanding human neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, autism, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
A two-year clinical trial using low doses of ketamine may hold promise for reversing the devastating symptoms of Rett Syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder found almost exclusively in females. The trial aims to measure changes in breathing patterns and overall clinical severity among up to 35 participants.
Researchers found that soils with rich organic material and low phosphate absorption show low radiocesium interception potential. Soils with high clay or silt content adsorb radiocesium more readily due to higher mica content.
A new study from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that Asian-Americans diagnosed with cancer have significantly lower cancer-specific mortality rates compared to non-Hispanic white patients. The study analyzed data from over 2.5 million patients and broke down the population into eight subgroups, revealing variations in survival rate...
A Clemson University study found that universities with locally available supercomputers were more efficient in producing research in critical fields such as chemistry and civil engineering. The study used data from the National Research Council survey of 212 institutions, including 177 universities with high or very high research levels.
Researchers found that most people with HIV exercise at home, but not intensely enough. The study suggests designing a flexible plan to maximize health benefits of exercising.
Scientists developed a new way to cook rice that increases resistant starch content, potentially reducing calories absorbed by the body by over half. This simple cooking method can transform digestible starch into indigestible resistant starch, lowering usable calories and addressing obesity rates.
A Harvard scientist has developed a new microfluidic design that can detect and extract biomolecules from fluid mixtures more efficiently than current techniques. The approach uses microscopic fins embedded in a hydrogel that responds to different stimuli, allowing for the selective separation of target biomolecules.
The Michael J. Fox Foundation is supporting research on a novel therapy for Parkinson's disease by Dr Bryce Vissel and Sandy Stayte at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research. The prototype drug targets kainate receptors to slow disease progression.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered that cytomegalovirus manipulates fatty acid elongation, a process essential for virus replication. The virus induces the expression of elongase enzyme 7, which is necessary for efficient replication.