Researchers found a conclusive link between genetic variants and increased bleeding risk with warfarin treatment. Patients with specific genetic differences benefit from alternative anticoagulants like edoxaban, offering improved safety and efficacy.
Researchers Cardona et al. examine evolution of D1 protein, heart of Photosystem II, to propose sequence of events for origin of water splitting in photosynthesis. They find evidence suggests water splitting could have evolved relatively fast after just a few changes to ancestral D1 protein.
A historical analysis of internal sugar industry documents shows the industry influenced research priorities for the NCP, excluding research that could have harmed their interests. The study highlights an alignment of agendas between the NIDR and sugar industry in the early 1970s.
The Visio.M Automotive Service Bus, developed at Technical University of Munich, enables cars to communicate via the internet and drive remotely or autonomously. The system is protected from external attacks and features a uniform user interface with driver-friendly swipe gestures.
Excess dietary sodium can adversely affect target organs even in absence of blood pressure increase, including reduced function of endothelium, increased arterial stiffness, and kidney damage. Reducing sodium intake can help mitigate these effects.
Researchers found evidence of repeated climate fluctuations 1.4 billion years ago, reflecting changes in wind patterns and ocean circulations driven by orbital forcing of climate change. The study sheds light on how past climate changes have affected Earth geologically and biologically.
A study of 25,000 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia found a significant lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes compared to unaffected relatives, varying by the type of gene mutation. The findings suggest decreased pancreatic LDL transport may reduce cell death and lower diabetes rates.
Researchers at UCLA and Université Pierre et Marie Curie identified a method for manufacturing more durable glass that resists temperature variations and aging. This breakthrough could result in stronger materials for various applications, including display screens, fiber optic cables, windows, and cement.
A recent study found that MRSA can persist in households for years, spreading from person to person and evolving genetically. The bacteria can be transmitted through household members, especially those with skin infections, and can even acquire extraneous DNA over time.
Tropical Cyclone Pam strengthened to hurricane-force near Vanuatu, with sustained winds reaching up to 56 mph and heavy rainfall expected. NASA's satellite data showed the storm's powerful thunderstorms, which are driving its circulation and intensification.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that rural landowners who hunt and bird watch are more likely to engage in conservation efforts. These individuals, often referred to as 'hunter/bird watchers,' were found to be eight times more likely to participate in conservation actions than non-recreationists.
Researchers developed PolySTAT, an injectable polymer that strengthens blood clots, reducing bleeding in battlefield injuries and traumatic accidents. The synthetic polymer outperforms natural clotting factors and has the potential to treat hemophilia and improve hemorrhaging treatments.
A new study by Clemson University and Cornell University found that birdwatchers are about five times as likely to engage in wildlife and habitat conservation as non-recreationists. Hunters were also found to be four times more likely to participate in conservation efforts. These findings suggest a strong connection between wildlife re...
The oldest known crab larva was recently discovered in a fossil, dating back 150 million years. The specimen's morphology is remarkably modern, resembling that of present-day crabs. This finding provides unique insights into the evolution of brachyurans and suggests early specialization of larvae within the crab lineage.
Dr. Martin Weides of KIT is awarded EUR 2 million over five years to study dynamic processes in ferromagnets, which could lead to magnetic data processing components. He aims to understand damping and intrinsic rotations of individual electrons using quantum bits.
Researchers at UTHealth successfully enrolled patients from other hospitals into an acute stroke clinical trial using telemedicine. This breakthrough enables the study of stroke treatment on a larger scale, as it was previously limited to large centers with expertise in treating strokes quickly.
The new electrode boasts nearly 1415 farad per gram capacitance, high current density, low resistance, and high power density. It also exhibits long-term cycling stability, retaining up to 95% of initial capacitance after 3000 cycles.
Researchers identify plumbonacrite as intermediate in degradation of red lead, leading to bleaching of the color over time. The discovery sheds new insights into the bleaching process of red lead, revealing a possible reaction pathway involving light and carbon dioxide.
Berkeley Lab scientists discovered that genetic makeup affects cancer risk from low-dose radiation, identifying key regions in the genome and tumor microenvironment. The findings could lead to genetic screening tests to identify people at high risk of cancer after exposure.
Researchers in Tanzania and Zambia found that a low-cost intervention combining community support and screening for cryptococcal meningitis reduced HIV-related deaths by 28%. The trial suggests that this approach could close the gap in HIV deaths between Africa and wealthier regions.
Scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison developed a novel approach to combine biomass conversion and solar energy conversion, enabling more efficient hydrogen production and creating a valuable byproduct. This breakthrough could significantly increase the efficiency and utility of solar-fuel-producing photoelectrochemical cells.
Research at Tufts University reveals that bioelectrical signals regulate embryonic brain development and can even repair genetic defects. The study found that manipulating these signals can induce the growth of new brain tissue in locations where it would not normally grow, offering a promising approach for regenerative medicine.
Researchers have produced a detailed image of a galaxy-cluster collision using the VLA radio telescope, showing a variety of strange features related to the ongoing collision. The 'true color' image reveals details of interactions between merging clusters and suggests unexpected physical processes at work.
Researchers develop a new classification system for Charge Density Waves (CDWs) based on their nature, improving understanding of these complex phenomena. The study sheds light on the origin of CDWs and corrects a long-standing textbook picture, providing insights into materials science.
The study identified two genetic variants associated with rosacea in people of European ancestry, located near the HLA-DRA and BTNL2 genes. The research used data from over 46,000 23andMe customers and confirmed the association through validation studies.
Researchers created a CRISPR system that recognizes and cuts the HIV virus, effectively inactivating it. The technology has shown success in both treating active infections and removing dormant copies of the virus from cells.
Researchers discovered 32 genes expressed differently in female compared to male ACL tissues, affecting ligament structure and integrity. Genetic counseling may guide personal decisions about participating in athletics, while strengthening core and technique could reduce injury risk.
Researchers at Université de Genève discover that chameleons change colors through the active tuning of a lattice of nanocrystals in iridophores. This unique system allows for rapid shifts between efficient camouflage and spectacular display, while also providing passive thermal protection.
Researchers have discovered a protein in halophilic microbes that can selectively bind to caesium ions, providing potential for bioremediation of radioactive isotopes. The team plans to engineer this protein into plants to absorb and extract caesium from contaminated soil.
A new model by Anna Nagurney adds a way to examine the value of stolen data over time, helping policymakers plan against future cyber attacks. The model captures network economics of cybercrime activity and permits policy evaluation of interventions.
The NREL tool uses Battery Lifetime Analysis and Simulation Tool (BLAST) to evaluate unique scenarios and identify the most cost-effective energy storage system configurations. Small battery systems reducing peak demand by 2.5 percent offer the most attractive return on investment.
A new study reveals that nutrient pollution can reduce stream-dwelling species' food source, as moderate amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus halve the in-stream residence time of leaves and twigs. This loss of forest-derived carbon impacts stream health and aquatic life.
Scientists develop mathematical model to measure and map electrical flow between heart cells, pinpointing clusters of cells at epicenter of complex rhythms. This approach could enable precision-targeted, minimally invasive treatments for life-threatening arrhythmias.
Researchers found depression to be a strong predictor of both dietary quality and BMI in low-income residents. Depression was associated with lower scores in dietary quality and higher BMI scores, suggesting mental health interventions could have broader benefits in this population.
Scientists have identified two new species of Thorn Snails, a genus containing 20 cave-dwelling species, with evolutionary roots dating back to the Cenozoic Era. The discovery sheds new light on these enigmatic snails, which are barely visible to the naked eye.
Tropical Storm Haliba was sandwiched between La Reunion and Mauritius in NASA satellite imagery, with the bulk of its clouds pushed east by westerly vertical wind shear. The heaviest rainfall, exceeding 7.1 inches per hour, was detected northeast of Reunion Island.
A recent study found that approximately 40 percent of hospitalizations for severe sepsis can be prevented or treated early to avoid rehospitalization. The most common readmission diagnoses included ambulatory care sensitive conditions such as heart failure and pneumonia.
A phase II study shows patients with high-risk low-grade gliomas have a 73% three-year overall survival rate when treated with radiation and temozolomide, compared to 54% for historical controls. The findings suggest combining chemotherapy with radiation is the best treatment for these rare tumors.
A study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine found that physicians and patients significantly overestimated the risk of heart attack and death from acute coronary syndrome. Despite discussions about risk, patients' assessment of their risk remained unchanged or increased, highlighting ineffective patient-physician communication.
Industry documents reveal close ties between sugar industry and NIH in developing research approaches focused on alternatives to reducing tooth decay. Analysis found that sugar industry priorities influenced the 1971 National Caries Program's research proposals.
A recent study suggests a link between genes linked with autism and higher intelligence in individuals who do not have the condition. Researchers found that carrying genetic traits associated with autism is, on average, linked to slightly better cognitive test scores, even in those without autism.
Researchers developed a new hydrological model to predict the extent of flash flooding by analyzing rainfall patterns at the hillslope scale. The model reveals that certain frequencies of rainfall can amplify runoff and lead to more severe flooding.
The New England Wild Flower Society honors Dr. Paul P. Smith, former head of the Millennium Seed Bank, for his leadership in conserving seeds from over 25,000 plant species. The organization recognizes his efforts to preserve biological diversity and raise awareness about native plants and conservation.
MDC researchers identify a crucial gene regulator, GRHL2, that controls placental development in mice and humans. The study reveals that perturbations of this pathway can lead to developmental defects of the placenta and related pregnancy disorders.
The study used infinitely short light pulses to observe ultrafast changes in superconductors, supporting the hypothesis that electron interactions are delayed and mediated by other electrons. The snap-shot observations took only 10 femtoseconds, a record-breaking achievement for material scientists.
A study suggests that traditional water pretreatment methods such as coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation are insufficient to remove titanium dioxide nanoparticles from water. The results highlight the need for improved treatment processes to address emerging engineered nanoparticle risks.
A review by Virginia Tech scientist Maren Roman highlights discrepancies in studies about cellulose nanocrystals' impact on the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and cells. More research is needed to determine their potential adverse health effects.
A University of Kent study reveals supplemental feeding improves Mauritius parakeet brood productivity, but increases disease susceptibility. Long-term monitoring highlights the importance of evidence-based conservation strategies.
A study on burying beetles found that males with higher mating rates are more sensitive to competition and display flexible behavior in response to changing social contexts. This flexibility allows them to adapt to environmental fluctuations and increase their reproductive success.
Fossil discoveries in Libya's Sirt Basin reveal a unique group of ancient mammals, shedding light on climate change and environmental shift. The findings suggest that global cooling and drying led to habitat fragmentation, promoting allopatric speciation and altering the evolution of primates.
Researchers analyzed T and B cells from four Ebola survivors, finding surprisingly high levels of immune activation. The findings contradict previous research suggesting impaired immune responses and have implications for developing vaccines against Ebola.
A new study reveals that patients' perceptions of GP safety are crucial to reaching successful diagnosis and treatment. The research found that trust issues, alienation, and impersonal processes can lead to problems in improving patient safety within GP services.
Scientists at MD Anderson Cancer Center discovered a vital connection between the Hippo pathway and glucose metabolism, which can be manipulated to regulate tumor growth. The study found that regulating blood sugar levels impacts the nutrient source of tumors, ultimately leading to cancer suppression.
A new gene sequencing technology, CaptureSeq, enables accurate measurement of specific genes' activity at minute levels, improving blood cancer diagnosis. The technology has practical applications in diagnosing diseases guided by gene expression.
Researchers found high concentrations of dimethylarsinate (DMA) in southern Willamette Valley aquifers, correlating with overall arsenite levels. The study suggests that monitoring organic arsenic is crucial for treating arsenic-contaminated water.
A new study suggests that CO2 increases could intensify extreme droughts in tropical and subtropical regions, such as Australia and the Amazon. The Hadley Circulation is expected to continue expanding and strengthening due to warming climate conditions.
Research shows that training can effectively eliminate the age deficit in contrast sensitivity, improving visual function in older adults. The study found improvements in both near and far acuity, allowing participants to read more letters on eye charts after training.
Scientists used bistatic radar to create high-resolution images of Venus' surface from Earth, revealing features like mountains, craters, and volcanoes. The technique enables comparison of images taken at different periods, helping detect signs of active volcanism or geologic processes.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet identified the key role of RIFIN protein in protecting blood type O individuals from severe malaria. The protein binds strongly to A blood cells but weakly to O, explaining why O individuals are less susceptible to the disease.
A McGill University study reveals that only 37% of registered drug trials in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases were published between 2005 and 2009. The findings highlight the importance of sharing information from stalled drug trials to improve care, protect patients, and discover better drugs.