Research finds that excess sitting is associated with coronary artery calcification, an early indicator of heart problems. Reducing sedentary time by just one hour per day could have a significant positive impact on future cardiovascular health.
A large study found that male smokers are more likely to develop osteoporosis and vertebral fractures compared to female smokers. Current guidelines do not recommend osteoporosis screening for men, but the researchers suggest that smokers of both genders should be screened for low bone density.
New research suggests that day-to-day variations in sleep duration, rather than overall sleep duration, can impact food intake in teenagers. The study found that teens who slept more or less on any given night consumed an average of 201 more calories per day, with higher rates of nighttime snacking and increased carbohydrate consumption.
A new study finds that nutrient pollution reduces the availability of forest-derived carbon in stream ecosystems, cutting its energy source for aquatic life. This loss accelerates the breakdown of leaf litter, affecting the entire food web.
Researchers discovered that Oct4 gene alleles pair up at critical moment of embryonic stem cell differentiation, a process called tissue-specific cell development. This phenomenon supports the notion that allele pairing plays a role in regulating gene expression.
Patients with moderate to severe depression who took antidepressants alone had a 53% lower risk of dying, developing coronary artery disease or having a stroke during the three-year follow-up period. Antidepressants were shown to significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in this group, even when statins were not used.
Researchers found that underwater noise from melting glaciers exceeds ocean noise levels generated by all other sources. The loud sounds are short-lived, but consistent melting of ice creates a persistent noise generator. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between underwater noise levels and the fjord ecosystem.
Hyongki Lee, a University of Houston researcher, is training South Asian government officials to independently manage their water resources. With the help of a novel software toolbox, these officials can better predict and prepare for floods and monsoons, saving lives and reducing devastation.
A genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen in a mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer reveals genes involved in tumor evolution and metastasis. The study highlights well-known tumor suppressor genes and identifies several microRNAs that promote tumor growth.
A study of 451,256 Europeans found that a pro-vegetarian diet lowers cardiovascular disease risk by 20%. The research analyzed the eating habits of participants and categorized them based on their plant-based food intake. A high-protein, low-animal-based diet reduced mortality rates from heart disease and stroke.
Researchers created algorithm to identify key features of complex molecular structures, predicting optimal configurations and stability. This advancement could enhance production of pharmaceuticals, LED materials, and other products.
A new paint developed by researchers at UCL creates self-cleaning surfaces that resist everyday wear and tear. The paint's unique properties allow it to withstand damage and maintain its self-cleaning abilities, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
A new technique measures forces inside materials like sand, soil, or snow under pressure, allowing researchers to better understand phenomena like grain hoppers and natural disasters.
The Nexus theory provides a self-consistent explanation for Quantum Gravity, reconciling GR with Quantum Theory. It introduces the Nexus graviton, a composite particle that induces constant rotational motion and constitutes space-time.
Researchers are developing a groundbreaking therapy for spinal cord injury, enabling patients to regain autonomic control. The treatment involves epidural electrical stimulation, which stimulates nerves thought to be lost in spinal cord injuries.
A new study has identified antibodies targeting dopamine D2 receptors and NMDA glutamate receptors in children experiencing their first episode of psychosis. This finding suggests that autoimmunity may play a role in the development of psychosis, offering hope for new treatment approaches.
Researchers have identified a chemical compound that prevents plants from taking up cesium, reducing the harmful effects of radiation-contaminated soil. The compound, CsTolen A, selectively binds to cesium, preventing its entry into plant cells and promoting physiological processes.
Researchers challenge current theories of ageing by finding that brain activity in older adults is not reduced as previously thought. A new study using resting state fMRI measurements suggests that age-related differences in brain signal amplitude are due to vascular health, rather than brain function.
Researchers found a large, wedge-shaped berm about 15 feet above sea level, with washing machine-sized stones, indicating an ancient tsunami. The berm stretches for at least 30 miles along the Caribbean coast near Cancun and Playa del Carmen.
A federally funded meta-analysis of 25 years' worth of research found no conclusive evidence that developing students' executive function skills leads to better academic performance. The study analyzed 67 studies and controlled for various characteristics, including parental education and socioeconomic status.
Astronomers have observed a distant star exploding four times due to a massive galaxy cluster, providing a rare opportunity to test Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The discovery also offers clues about the strength of gravity, dark matter, and dark energy in the universe.
The use of the 21-gene recurrence score assay increased from 1.1% to 10.1% among Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with breast cancer between 2005 and 2009. The majority of tests were performed in patients with intermediate-risk disease, and rates of chemotherapy remained similar during this period.
The study highlights nine issues that must be addressed to limit the environmental impacts of infrastructure projects. These include preserving wilderness areas, recognizing the consequences of paved roads, and considering indirect effects in cost-benefit analyses. The researchers emphasize the need for a new approach to protect vulner...
Women who experience hot flashes earlier in life have poorer endothelial function and increased cardiovascular risk compared to those with later onset or no symptoms. The study found that the number of hot flashes matters, with more frequent hot flashes associated with greater evidence of endothelial dysfunction.
Researchers observed young praying mantises jumping to a target with precision and accuracy, rotating their bodies at 2.5 times per second. The insects' unique ability to maintain stability and control during flight has implications for the development of tiny robots.
Researchers at Yale University have identified thousands of genetic 'dimmer' switches that drove the evolution of the human brain. These regulatory elements show increased activity in humans compared to rhesus monkeys and mice, highlighting unique features in the cerebral cortex.
A new study found that high phosphate levels cause a stress signal inside blood vessel cells, leading to the release of microparticles that promote blood clot formation. This process is a common cause of injury and death, particularly in patients with kidney disease who lose the ability to excrete excess phosphate.
Researchers at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland have successfully generated new hybrid lager yeast strains, inheriting properties from their parent species. The new yeasts accelerate fermentation processes, improve ethanol production, and enhance flavor profiles for beer.
Researchers have found a minimal mechanism for stabilizing overlapping microtubules, allowing cells to divide correctly. The study reveals that weakly binding proteins create an 'ever growing counter-pressure' between microtubules as they slide apart.
A new study found that antidepressants may be more important than statins in reducing the risk of heart disease in patients with moderate to severe depression. Patients who took antidepressants alone had a 53% lower risk of death, coronary artery disease, or stroke during a three-year follow-up period.
A new study finds that genetically modified soybean oil causes obesity, pre-diabetes, and fatty liver in mice fed a high-fat diet, but has fewer negative metabolic consequences than regular soybean oil. The results suggest that genetic modification may not always lead to healthier products.
Research suggests that smartphone users who rely on gut feelings tend to use their device's search engine rather than their own brainpower. Highly analytical thinkers spend less time using smartphones, indicating a possible link between heavy smartphone use and lowered intelligence.
A new study found that a vole's aerobic exercise metabolism increased by 48% and basal metabolic rate rose after 13 rounds of selection for enhanced oxygen consumption. Gene expression changes in the heart and liver were identified as the primary adaptive response.
A new study by Penn Medicine researchers found that even with optimal conditions, a large proportion of the US population would be unable to access a comprehensive stroke center within 60 minutes. The study suggests that population-based planning is crucial to develop systems of care given finite resources.
Research reveals how tiny creatures' movements affect temperature estimates, allowing scientists to refine past climate studies. By analyzing plankton shells and ocean currents, researchers created a tool to estimate the impact of drift on temperature estimates.
Researchers at CU-Boulder propose that water trapped deep below Earth's crust may have flooded the lower crust, creating buoyancy and lift, which could explain the region's high elevation. This mechanism is supported by past seismic studies showing a correlation between crustal thickness/density and elevation.
A pilot study in 51 N.C. classrooms shows the Inclusive Classroom Profile (ICP) to be a reliable instrument assessing quality practices in inclusive preschools. The ICP reveals types of inclusive settings best serving preschoolers with disabilities, including Head Start and public pre-k programs.
Astronomers have discovered a distant supernova split into four images by a massive galaxy lens, allowing for the study of dark matter distribution and the type of star that exploded. The 'Einstein cross' will enable researchers to measure time delays between the arrival of light from the supernova in different images.
A pilot study suggests that male partners who improve their weight and dietary habits can increase the chances of conceiving with an infertile obese female. The study found that men who lost weight and made healthier lifestyle choices were more likely to conceive than those who did not.
A new study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that many websites marketing personalized cancer care services make exaggerated claims, with 88% offering nonstandard tests lacking clear clinical utility. The researchers urge consumers and healthcare providers to critically evaluate these services.
A new study by University of Pittsburgh sociologists reveals that women who petition for restraining orders against abusers typically experience decreased earnings due to financial instability and hardship. The researchers found that the period of petitioning is accompanied by serious losses, which are not recouped later.
A study published in Cell Reports identified RBFox2 as a critical protein in the progression from weakened heart muscle to heart failure. The researchers found that reduced RBFox2 expression coincides with weakening of the heart muscle, suggesting a causal role in heart failure.
A recent study found that the apixaban-amiodarone combination significantly decreased stroke risk for patients with AFib who require both heart rhythm regulation and blood thinning medication. This alternative to warfarin offers a better option for managing high-risk atrial fibrillation.
Researchers found that post-reproductive female killer whales act as leaders and share valuable ecological knowledge, helping their younger kin survive. This discovery suggests a potential explanation for the evolution of menopause in humans.
The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) has proposed seven strategies to advance women in science, engineering, and medicine, including flexible family care spending and recruiting gender-balanced review committees. The initiatives aim to promote gender equality and break down barriers to advancement in these fields.
Botulinum toxin A injections significantly improve lower lip symmetry in children with facial paralysis. The treatment is safe and has the potential to restore permanent symmetry.
Researchers have found that IL-33 is a critical messenger triggering changes in the stomach's inflammatory response to H. pylori infection, potentially leading to new therapies targeting gastric damage. Elevated IL-33 levels may be associated with chronic infection and metaplasia.
Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in detecting methane using TILDAS, which provides details on the environment in which methane-producing microbes thrive and helps identify the temperature at which methane forms.
A new type of thin film, composed of both inorganic and organic materials, has been developed to create flexible and durable touch screens. The hybrid films show higher transparency and flexibility compared to traditional inorganic materials.
Researchers found that abnormal fast-spiking interneuron activity contributes to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Correcting these abnormalities, either through drug treatment or direct stimulation, can reverse cognitive symptoms, suggesting new potential therapies for the disorder.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute have developed a novel system for separating materials using fluid-filled pores, which can precisely separate liquids, gases, and solids without clogging. The system harnesses dynamic control over a highly sensitive mechanism, allowing for efficient separation of complex mixtures.
A research team aims to create semi-artificial chloroplasts to produce biofuels and other chemicals, using synthetic biology tools. The 'Sun2Chem' project, funded by the EU with 1.2 million euros, will modify natural chloroplasts to generate biotechnologically relevant products.
A new study reveals that prenatal exposure to low doses of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can alter the developing brain in an area involved in metabolism. The effects are apparent even two generations later, with increased body weight observed only in descendants of females exposed to PCBs during pregnancy.
Researchers observed a rare phenomenon where the light from a distant supernova is deflected by a massive galaxy, creating four separate images. The discovery provides insights into dark matter, which makes up about 95% of the universe's mass.
Scientists have estimated that Mars once had a massive ocean covering 19% of its surface, which would have made the planet habitable for longer. The new research uses detailed observations of water in Mars' atmosphere to determine the amount of water lost over time.
By disabling the Wnt signaling pathway, researchers may be able to repair damaged white matter in the brain, a potential breakthrough in treating cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis. The study's findings suggest that targeting the Daam2/PIP5K interaction could accelerate oligodendrocyte differentiation and promote myelination.
A recent study has found that mutations in the APC2 gene cause Sotos-like symptoms, including nervous system-related issues and abnormal brain structure. The research team also discovered that APC2 is a crucial downstream gene of the NSD1 gene, which is responsible for Sotos syndrome.
A new study confirms that prenatal exposure to phthalates disrupts male sexual differentiation and correlates with lower fertility rates. Higher levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in mothers' blood were associated with a lower anogenital distance in male babies.
Researchers have developed nanocarriers that selectively release drugs in lung tumor areas, improving treatment efficacy by 10-25 times compared to traditional methods. This approach also reduces the total dose of medicines, minimizing undesirable effects.
Researchers found that seven severe mortality-associated diseases are less prevalent in long-lived family members than the general population. These include Alzheimer's, hip fracture, diabetes, depression, prostate cancer, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Astronomers spot four images of a distant supernova in a massive galaxy cluster, bending light due to gravitational lensing. The discovery provides insights into dark matter's distribution and helps refine estimates of its amount.
Researchers at ETH Zurich found that rain falls most frequently in areas with lower soil moisture, which warms air and allows water vapor to rise higher. High soil moisture, on the other hand, can lead to more evaporation and precipitation, but the relationship is complex and still not fully understood.
New research suggests that counseling couples about physical activity can improve the health of both spouses. When a wife meets recommended exercise levels, her husband is 70% more likely to meet those levels at subsequent visits.
Researchers discover molecule found in tree leaves speeds up energy metabolism in female mice, but not in males. The findings suggest a promising strategy for combating obesity and highlight the need to study both sexes while developing drugs.
Researchers have discovered a magnetic material that can heat cancer cells to high temperatures without harming healthy tissue. This breakthrough material uses a unique Curie temperature-dependent heating effect that stops quickly and cannot get hotter.
Researchers at Yale University found that Agrp neurons, which control food intake, also initiate repetitive behaviors seen in OCD and anorexia nervosa. These neurons play a crucial role in psychiatric conditions, highlighting the multitasking nature of brain function.
A study of over 135,000 people found no correlation between psychedelic use and mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, or suicidal thoughts. The researchers suggest that psychedelics may even be linked to fewer mental health problems, with benefits including deeply meaningful experiences and lasting positive effects.
Researchers have identified a protective mechanism for tail-anchored proteins, which are crucial for various cellular functions. The study reveals a dimeric structure of the transport molecule Get3 that shields these proteins from harmful aggregation and guides them to the correct membrane location.
A new study highlights nine key issues to consider when addressing the environmental impacts of rapid infrastructure expansion, including keeping wilderness areas road-free and engaging with local communities. The authors emphasize that the threat to wild places is exacerbated by illegal development activities.
A new instrument can rapidly analyze samples to determine how methane was formed, differentiating between microbial and thermogenic origins. The technique uses isotope ratios to identify clumpiness in methane molecules, revealing slower rates of production for cow-gut methane.
A team of astronomers has discovered a distant star exploding as a supernova, with four images captured by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The unique alignment is due to the powerful gravity of a foreground galaxy embedded in a massive cluster, providing a rare opportunity to study dark matter.
A team of scientists discovered that HuR protein is critical for controlling metabolism in B cells, which produce antibodies essential for fighting infections. Removing HuR prevents proper growth and function of B cells, highlighting the importance of this protein in immunity.
The Initiative on Women in Science and Engineering Working Group presents seven strategies to address gender imbalances in STEM fields, including financial support and education initiatives. The working group aims to elevate the entire field and ensure women have equal opportunities for career advancement.
A team of students and professors is launching rockets to develop technologies that can detect the missing normal matter in space. The project aims to confirm current models of the universe by observing the absorption caused by the intergalactic medium.
A new study suggests using a Long Distance Commuter lane (LDC) on the M1 Motorway in Australia could accommodate up to 3000 vehicles per hour while minimizing bottlenecks. The LDC concept has potential for commuter travel between other cities in Australia and worldwide.
A study published in JNCI found that most online cancer care websites offer nonstandard and unvalidated genetic tests, despite marketing them as personalized and effective. The vast majority of companies promoting these tests do not have evidence to support their clinical utility.
A new study reveals that female killifish avoid mating with males of closely related species and also tend to shun males of their own species if they come from an unfamiliar population. This phenomenon, called cascade reinforcement, can lead to the early stages of speciation.
Researchers discovered baby mantises deliberately create spin and harness it in mid-air to rotate their bodies for precise target landing. By controlling angular momentum, they achieve remarkable accuracy in a fraction of a second.
A study suggests that supervisors can distinguish between selfless and self-servingly motivated employees based on their organizational citizenship behavior. Selfless employees are more likely to contribute positively to the organization, while self-servingly motivated employees focus on personal advancement.
Researchers calculate tortuosity in Sierpinski carpet models using finite volume method, revealing a linear relationship between generations and tortuosity. This study enhances understanding of transport properties in porous media, crucial for various fields like oil recovery and groundwater engineering.
Research suggests that African American men with pre-diabetic blood sugar levels have fewer beneficial and more harmful intestinal bacteria. The study found that a specific microbiota is associated with stable, normal blood glucose levels, while a different profile is linked to pre-diabetes.
Researchers mapped the African continent using satellite data, discovering regions that have received drastically different amounts of rainfall over the past decade. The study found that areas such as the Congo, Nigeria, and Madagascar have become drier, while others like the Sahel zone have become greener due to increased rainfall.
Researchers found that dialysis patients have altered enzyme activities and compromised HDL function, which may lead to advances in protecting kidney disease patients' heart health. Heart disease is a leading cause of death in these patients.
A new study finds that female killer whales survive after menopause due to their ability to share 'ecological knowledge' with family members, particularly during hard times. This research provides insights into why women continue to live long after they can no longer have children.
A study found that pre-hospital delays for women with heart attacks were associated with a higher risk of dying. Women waited an average of one hour to call emergency services and over 70% took longer than an hour to get to a hospital equipped to treat them.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that low-dose VM202 gene therapy significantly improves pain symptoms and perception of light touch in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. The treatment has virtually no side effects, offering hope for a potential new treatment for this debilitating condition.
Researchers found that fast food companies fail to promote healthy menu items in their kid's ads, while prioritizing toy premiums. Children recalled toys more than 70% of the time, but noticed food less than half of the time.
A synthetic oxytocin nasal formulation reduced caloric intake in healthy men, lowering consumption of calories and fatty foods. Oxytocin also improved metabolic measures, such as insulin sensitivity.
A recent study found that individuals with high concentrations of methanobrevibacter smithii in their gut may experience lower weight loss after bariatric surgery. Researchers suggest that targeting this organism through dietary interventions or therapeutic drugs could improve post-surgical outcomes.
A BBC News team received the Endocrine Society's Award for Excellence in Science and Medical Journalism for their coverage of hormonal fluctuations at different times of day. The winning package, 'The Day of the Body Clock,' included TV, radio, and online coverage from May 13, 2014.
Obesity in seniors is associated with increased hospitalizations, emergency room admissions, and outpatient healthcare use. The most severely obese group had 3.4 times the odds of inpatient admission and 1.4 times the odds of ER visit compared to healthy-weight individuals.
A recent study by the University of Connecticut explores the potential of important fish species to adapt to a more acidic ocean due to climate change. The researchers found that related fish had similar lifespans, suggesting a significant genetic component to survival in an acidic environment.
The study found that school is now the main source of information for both young men and women, but many feel they are not getting all the information they need. Young people also expressed a demand for greater involvement of parents and health professionals in supplying sexual information.
Scientists at the University of Southampton found that ocean tides have increased by 1-2 mm per year globally, with some sites experiencing changes comparable to global mean sea level rise. This has significant implications for energy extraction, coastal flooding and erosion, navigation and sediment movement.
A £10 billion pay-for-performance incentive scheme for GPs had no effect on reducing premature deaths in England, according to a study published in the British Medical Journal. The researchers analyzed data from 2007 to 2012 and found that GP performance indicators did not correlate with lower mortality rates.
A conference at Bielefeld University's Center for Interdisciplinary Research examines the barriers to active fatherhood and opportunities for fathers to achieve it. The event brings together researchers from 12 nations to discuss inequalities and capabilities in work organizations.
Patients with multiple myeloma who are diagnosed with MGUS first have better overall survival compared to those without prior knowledge. However, the study also found that patients with low M-protein concentration at MGUS diagnosis have poorer MM survival rates.
Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers found four separate images of the same distant supernova, enabling them to measure the difference in light paths. This discovery helps refine estimates of dark matter and the expansion rate of the universe.
Tropical Cyclone 15S forms in Mozambique Channel, bringing heavy precipitation rates of over 30mm/hour. The storm is expected to meander and dissipate near Madagascar's coast.
A recent study published in SAGE Open suggests that poverty rates are a more significant factor than age in determining high rates of teen crime. The study analyzed over 54,000 homicide deaths in California and found that when teenagers' poverty levels are low, they have similar murder rates to older adults.
Research on mice by UC Riverside scientists reveals that genetically modified soybean oil is just as unhealthy as conventional soybean oil, inducing obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver. However, GM soybean oil does not cause insulin resistance, unlike regular soybean oil.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London and University of Hertfordshire re-evaluate data and find signal of GJ 581d to be real. The method used in the initial study was inadequate for detecting small planets, leading to a possible misidentification.
A new study by the Endocrine Society finds that accumulating just 30 minutes of sleep debt on weekdays can lead to significant effects on obesity and insulin resistance at follow-up. The research suggests that avoiding sleep debt could have positive benefits for waistlines and metabolism.
A recent study by Graduate Student Aubrey Hillman found that ancient copper and silver production in southwest China produced tremendous quantities of harmful heavy metals, including lead, silver, zinc, and cadmium. The pollution levels were three to four times higher than those generated by modern metallurgical methods.
A new clinical pathway has been shown to significantly reduce complications and improve growth in obese children who undergo weight-reducing procedures. According to the study, the procedure also led to improved management of life-threatening diseases such as diabetes, sleep apnea, and hypertension.
A physician who received an experimental Ebola vaccine after a needle stick injury developed mild symptoms but strong Ebola-specific immune responses. The study found the patient's clinical syndrome and laboratory evidence consistent with vaccination response, with no evidence of Ebola virus infection detected.
Research found that alcohol consumption patterns shift from adolescence to old age, with men increasing their intake more than women. The study suggests incorporating changes in drinking behavior into risk estimates for better public health initiatives.
A new study reveals that changes in the gut microbiota occur early in diabetes development, with beneficial bacteria more prevalent in those maintaining stable blood sugar control. The research suggests a link between gut bacteria and metabolic health, potentially informing strategies to prevent or manage Type 2 diabetes.
A new study estimates that endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the European Union costs around €157 billion ($209 billion) each year, mainly due to lost productivity and healthcare expenses. The estimated cost burden includes conditions such as lowered IQ, male infertility, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered a new biological pathway that connects anxiety and obesity, leading to the discovery of a potentially therapeutic drug. The study suggests that inhibiting an enzyme called PTP1B may alleviate both anxiety disorders and obesity.
Research found that exposure to phthalates early in pregnancy disrupts essential pregnancy hormone levels, leading to adverse effects on male genital development. Higher phthalate levels were linked to lower hCG levels and shorter anogenital distance in male babies.
Yale University scientists create a new system that combines photons and phonons to conduct sophisticated signal processing tasks, allowing for faster and more efficient information control. The technology has the potential to be less expensive and adaptable to various complex designs.
A molecule found in some plants, 7,8-DHF, has been shown to mimic the effects of a growth factor induced by exercise in female mice. It increases energy expenditure without suppressing appetite, helping them maintain a healthy weight on a high-fat diet. In contrast, male mice still develop obesity and diabetes.