Research suggests that personal anxiety and mass media coverage interact to determine what people remember about a disease. The study found that selective media coverage can cause people to forget certain health facts, particularly those related to symptoms.
A large study has linked consumption of at least two daily glasses of sweetened drinks to a heightened risk of heart failure in men. The researchers analyzed data from over 42,000 men in Sweden and found that those who drank two or more glasses per day were 23% more likely to develop heart failure compared to non-consumers.
Researchers have identified a protein inside blood vessels at the invasive edge of brain tumours, enabling more accurate mapping and potentially improving treatment outcomes. The new imaging technique could lead to better surgery and radiotherapy for patients with brain tumours.
Chapman University has been awarded a $1.5 million Department of Energy grant to investigate the controls of methane production in peatland ecosystems. The project, called SPRUCE, aims to determine the levels of warming at which ecosystems will reach a critical change in temperature and carbon dioxide levels.
A new study reveals that internationally produced films are more likely to depict characters smoking on screen compared to those made in Hollywood. The research found that up to 97% of films worldwide showed some level of tobacco or alcohol consumption, with a higher prevalence in European and Latin American productions.
A recent study found that antiangiogenic breast cancer treatment primarily benefits patients with highly perfused tumors. The treatment reduced pressure within tumors and improved blood vessel density, but its effectiveness depends on the tumor's microvascular density before treatment.
A study by ETH Zurich researchers found that a serum concentration of around 40 micrograms of vitamin D per litre of serum is ideal for slowing or preventing bone degeneration in postmenopausal women. The study showed that daily vitamin D supplements can increase calcium absorption and reduce bone degeneration.
Researchers found that nanoparticles can evade the human immune system by changing their sugar coating, making them more visible during MRI imaging. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new medicines to target tumors.
Recent improvements in US diet have helped reduce disease and premature death, but the overall American diet remains poor. Researchers found that healthier eating habits can cumulatively prevent 1.1 million premature deaths over 14 years.
Researchers studied theta rhythm and grid cell function to better understand navigation. They found that velocity modulation conveys critical information for grid cell signal generation, suggesting a new understanding of the brain's inner GPS.
A MGH team developed a variant of the SaCas9 enzyme that recognizes a broader range of nucleotide sequences, increasing its targeting range two- to four-fold. This advancement expands the number of genomic sites accessible by CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
A 20-year study in Arctic Alaska examines how woolly mammoths and other ice-age animals handled climate change. The study found that rapid climate changes during the ice age were beneficial for megafauna when rapid warming allowed grasses and forbs to spread.
The study found that households using the test kits had a consistent reduction in dust mite allergens over the course of the 12-month study period. A significant number of parents reported adopting behaviors to reduce dust mites after seeing their test kit results, such as using special pillow covers and vacuuming with HEPA filters.
A Florida State University researcher has discovered an artificial material that efficiently captures sunlight and breaks it down into oxygen and hydrogen. This process could be used to forge new energy sources in a carbon-neutral way.
The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences has presented eight new recipients of the INFORMS Fellow Award, recognizing their outstanding achievements in various areas. The awards are given to individuals who have made significant contributions to education, management, practice, research, and service in the field...
Researchers found that specific food items like potato chips, butter, and sugary drinks contribute to weight gain in children. Policy experts suggest labeling unhealthy products, changing food marketing, and increasing access to healthy options to promote healthier choices.
Researchers found that cancer cells hijack glucose to alter immune cells, leading to reduced T cell effectiveness. However, they also discovered a potential metabolic pathway to make T cells resistant to glucose restriction, which could improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Researchers at The Miriam Hospital are exploring whether phone-delivered mindfulness training can help individuals living with HIV better cope with stress, anxiety, and depression. The study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of phone-based mindfulness training for improving ART adherence and promoting healthy behaviors.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that a common heart medication can stop the progression of angiosarcoma, a highly lethal blood vessel cancer. The treatment used propranolol, which costs significantly less than current therapies.
Researchers found that middle-aged white Americans have seen a sharp increase in death rates after 1998, primarily caused by drug and alcohol poisoning, chronic liver disease, and cirrhosis. This trend reverses decades of progress and is not seen in other rich countries or minority groups.
A new study found that sleepwalkers are unlikely to feel pain even while suffering an injury, with nearly 80% reporting no pain during episodes. The study suggests a dissociate state of arousal may modify pain perception during sleepwalking.
A former FDA principal deputy commissioner proposes a solution to the dietary supplement regulation gridlock by focusing on improving safety rather than efficacy. The proposed framework includes pre-market registration, clearer disclaimers, and better standards for identifying substances to protect consumers from unsafe products.
The O'Neill Institute's new Hepatitis Policy Project aims to address issues and barriers of access to hepatitis C treatment, particularly among baby boomers who often don't know they're infected. The project seeks to support hepatitis C consumer education and advocacy organizations through policy research.
A global study in Health Affairs found no significant differences in the health, nutrition, and educational outcomes of left-behind children and rural children living with their parents. The research suggests that programs specifically targeting left-behind children may be misdirected and should focus on all rural children instead.
The West Antarctic ice sheet could collapse completely if the Amundsen Basin is destabilized, resulting in a 3-meter sea-level rise. This process would be triggered by decades of ocean warming and would lead to centuries or millennia of continued ice loss.
Severe obesity costs Medicaid nearly $8 billion annually, with research predicting continued growth due to expanded eligibility. States can slow the rise in obesity-related healthcare costs by identifying effective prevention and treatment services.
Adaptive multi-paddock grazing is a potential option to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions on cow-calf operations. This advanced rotational grazing results in more carbon sequestration and produces higher quality grass that reduces methane production.
West Nile virus is killing millions more birds and affecting many more species than initially thought. Survival estimates dropped dramatically in nearly half of the 49 studied species, highlighting the long-term effects of the disease. The research provides a warning for future infectious diseases that may affect humans as well.
The invasive Aedes japonicus mosquito has been found in western Canada, carrying diseases like La Crosse encephalitis and dengue. The discovery was made in a suburb of Vancouver, British Columbia, in February 2015.
Cyclone Chapala is approaching landfall in central Yemen, with the GPM satellite analyzing heavy rain and wind speeds of up to 120mph. The storm is expected to weaken rapidly after landfall, dissipating by November 4.
A study by RAND Corporation found that opening a full-service grocery store in a food desert improves residents' diet and perceived access to healthy foods, yet the changes are not related to the store's use. Despite this, researchers observed positive improvements in multiple components of residents' diet.
Research links combat injuries to increased risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, and kidney disease in US veterans. The more severe the injury, the higher the risk of developing these conditions due to inflammation and other factors.
Researchers at UCSF and Feeding America found that providing nutritious food and education to low-income individuals with diabetes improved glycemic control and medication adherence. The intervention also encouraged the consumption of healthy foods, including fruits and vegetables.
Researchers found that three minutes of high-intensity exercise changes how muscle cells manage calcium, leading to improved endurance. Antioxidants may undermine this effect by removing the breakdown of calcium channels.
A new study published in the FASEB Journal found that NASA astronauts' medication usage in space is more similar to Earth-based groups than expected. The most common issues were sleep problems and skin rashes, which highlights the need for better understanding of how medicines work in microgravity environments.
Scientists sequenced the pineapple genome to understand its unique photosynthetic pathways, such as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), which allows it to thrive in water-limited environments. The study also sheds light on the evolutionary history of grasses and their ability to survive drought.
Researchers at Georgia State University have been awarded a $2.4 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study the impact of diabetes on cardiovascular health. The team aims to develop new therapies targeting damaged mitochondria to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes.
A team of researchers has discovered the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome in caves where bats hibernate in northeast China. The finding greatly expands the known distribution of the fungus, which has decimated bat populations in North America since its appearance in upstate New York in 2006.
The South Big Data Regional Innovation Hub aims to address regional challenges through big data analysis, serving 16 southern states. The hub will develop innovative public-private partnerships, leveraging Georgia Tech's national data repositories and Southern Crossroads network.
A randomized, controlled trial found both acupuncture and the Alexander Technique led to significant long-term reductions in neck pain and associated disability compared with usual care. The interventions also showed high acceptability rates and greater adherence, leading to improved self-efficacy and outcomes.
Dr. Christine Olson, a renowned expert in fetal-maternal nutrition, has been named the March of Dimes Agnes Higgins honoree. Her research has provided critical information on the risks of excessive weight gain during pregnancy and its impact on baby health.
A new study found that children as young as 5 years old have a strong sense of self-esteem, comparable to adults. Researchers developed a test to assess implicit self-esteem in preschoolers and discovered that they associate themselves more with positive words.
Researchers discovered that a protective mechanism in egg cells prevents DNA-damaged eggs from being fertilized. This checkpoint helps prevent birth defects and miscarriages caused by damaged DNA. The study's findings offer new insights into the causes of infertility, birth defects, and spontaneous miscarriage.
A study by Abigail B. Sussman and Rourke L. O'Brien found that earmarking savings for 'responsible' purposes can lead to preserving those funds even at high interest rates. Participants were more likely to borrow money to meet emergency expenses if maintaining their savings was important to their sense of responsibility.
Researchers have found datable volcanic ash deposits in the Karoo Basin that suggest two phases of the extinction event occurred at least 1 million years apart, rather than concurrently. The study provides new insights into the timing and impact of the Great Dying, one of Earth's largest mass extinctions.
Researchers found that for-profit colleges have no significant difference in generating employer interest compared to two-year community colleges. Employers show no preference for hiring people with for-profit credentials, suggesting they may be an expensive option without added value.
A team of researchers at the University of California, San Diego has developed a predictive model that can forecast how different individuals will respond to a particular drug. The model, which uses genomic and metabolomics data, aims to provide insights into why some patients experience side effects while others do not.
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that preschoolers' working memory skills can predict their risk of dropping out of high school. Parents can help their children develop strong working memory skills through activities like pretend play, mindfulness, and limited screen time.
A Penn-led team discovered that variations in Salmonella proteins determine their host specificity in cows, poultry, and humans. By analyzing genome-wide association studies, the researchers found a link between specific protein variants and host species, validating their findings with laboratory experiments.
Researchers found that treetop leaves in tall trees like coast redwood and Japanese cedar act as a water supply tank, storing water to help maintain physiological functions. This discovery helps predict future changes in forest function and CO2 absorption in the face of climate change.
Research suggests Apgar score can predict a mother's risk of being critically ill after delivery. Mothers with low Apgar scores had a nine-time higher risk of ICU admission than those with normal scores.
A study by Juliano Laran and colleagues found that unconscious goal pursuit can be just as beneficial for making healthy food choices. Unconscious goal pursuers were more likely to choose the best option without explicit instructions.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine used state-of-the-art techniques to survey the skin's virus population, or virome. Most DNA viruses on healthy human skin are viral 'dark matter' with never been described before.
Researchers found that combining meshed split skin autographs with autologous cultured proliferating epidermal cells resulted in better wound healing and less scarring. The treatment also showed improved pigmentation for the wounds treated with cultured ECs.
Exposure to dogs or farm animals during a child's first year of life is associated with a lower risk of childhood asthma. Children exposed to these animals at age six had a significantly reduced risk of developing asthma.
A new study at MIT applies the fracture mechanics theory of local symmetry to predict river network evolution. The research found that rivers grow in a direction consistent with symmetry, driven by groundwater pressure and water table height.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute discovered a subtype of immune cells that prevent metabolic syndrome by regulating inflammation-causing T cells. Mice lacking these cells became overweight and developed symptoms of metabolic syndrome.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding how the flu virus works by studying its M2 proton channel. Using advanced MRI technology, researchers gained insight into the virus's replication process, which could lead to the development of new prescription drugs.
A Canadian study found significant disparities in obstetric care between First Nations and non-First Nations women, with First Nations mothers being less likely to undergo labour induction, epidural, or cesarean delivery. These differences may contribute to higher infant mortality rates among First Nations populations.
A new study predicts that parts of the Arctic Ocean will see at least 60 days a year of open water by the 2050s. Researchers used climate simulations to investigate local impacts of open water expansion patterns in the Arctic, finding that many sites will have more than 100 additional days of open water by then.
A team of researchers has revealed the molecular architecture of the replisome, a complex responsible for unwinding and replicating DNA in eukaryotic organisms. The findings show that the replisome has a unique structure, with one polymerase sitting above the helicase, challenging decades-old textbook drawings.
Two postdoctoral scholars from UC Santa Barbara's Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics developed a method called ImSAnE, which constructs an atlas of two-dimensional maps for dynamic tissue surfaces. This allows scientists to analyze layered tissues with relative ease and reduces data size and processing time.
The EU has allocated €3 million for a design study on a European plasma research accelerator, which aims to develop a new technology for particle acceleration. The EuPRAXIA project will produce a conceptual design report for the world's first five Giga-Electronvolts plasma-based accelerator.
Research by University of Colorado School of Medicine faculty found that one in five pediatricians dismiss families who refuse vaccines. The study suggests that states with philosophical exemption laws and easier exemption processes have lower vaccination rates and higher rates of vaccine-preventable diseases.
The Northeast Big Data Innovation Hub aims to address health, energy, finance, urbanization, natural science, and education challenges using data analytics and collaboration between experts. The hub will focus on extracting insights from large datasets to bring about tangible results.
ETH Zurich researchers Prof. Dirk Helbing and Dr. Evangelos Pournaras propose a citizen-led platform called Nervousnet to enable self-determination and sustainability. The platform allows users to measure, analyze, and share data in real-time, promoting participatory governance and environmental awareness.
A collaborative effort between pharmacists and physicians improved blood pressure control among a diverse group of patients. The study found that the intervention resulted in lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures and higher hypertension control rates, with costs mostly due to prescription drug expenses.
A large study of UK professional footballers found that nearly 4 out of 10 have active tooth decay, while 1 in 20 has irreversible gum disease. This poor dental health is affecting performance and wellbeing among players, highlighting the need for regular screening and preventive approaches.
Mathematicians at Duke University develop a method to compare common tumor growth models using only two time-point measurements of tumor size. The results suggest breast and liver tumors grow exponentially, while neurological tumors follow the two-thirds power law.
A new study by UCLA researchers reveals a wide range of costs for treating low-risk prostate cancer, with active surveillance being the most cost-effective option. The study used time-driven activity-based costing to analyze costs across an entire care process, finding significant variation in prices for different treatments.
A study analyzing 16 years of mark-recapture data found large-scale declines in roughly half of the species studied, including Swainson's thrush and tufted titmouse. Roughly half of the afflicted species managed to rebound within a year or two, including corvids like crows.
Researchers found that dissolved organic carbon is efficiently removed from ocean water when heated to mimic hydrothermal vent conditions. This process converts the organic molecules into carbon dioxide, reducing oceanic carbon storage.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that federal policy changes led to an increase in healthy food availability at smaller urban corner stores in Baltimore. The researchers found that stores in neighborhoods with a majority of black residents showed the greatest improvement, suggesting that boosting hea...
Research highlights the potential backfire of stigmatizing smoking in public health campaigns, which can lead to increased stress and resistance to quitting. Vulnerable groups may benefit from anti-smoking programs focusing on giving up benefits rather than negative stereotypes.
A recent study suggests that obese individuals with metabolic syndrome may be chronically deficient in vitamin E, which is crucial for combating oxidative stress and associated diseases like heart disease and Alzheimer's. Experts recommend a balanced diet with daily multivitamins and healthy fats to mitigate this deficiency.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that US chain restaurants with voluntary calorie labels have an average of 140 fewer calories per item than those without labels. This trend suggests that menu labeling can encourage restaurants to offer healthier options and reduce population-level obesity.
Scientists have discovered that holes in Mount Baldy's sand dunes were formed by entombed oak trees that decomposed into a cementing mineral, creating hazardous voids. The study, presented at the Geological Society of America meeting, sheds light on how these living systems interact between biology and geology.
Researchers have produced the first-ever images of the protein complex that unwinds, splits, and copies double-stranded DNA, revealing a counterintuitive architecture. The helicase coordinates with polymerases to duplicate each strand, suggesting potential molecular quality control and developmental biology implications.
Rhesus monkeys can distinguish between female group members and those from different social groups using their sense of smell. This ability helps them understand their social environment, with males and older monkeys showing greater interest in distinguishing odors.
A new study found that breast cancer adjuvant therapies have varying effects on patients over time. Researchers analyzed 19 clinical trials and discovered nearly half showed time-varying treatment effects.
Studies show that having one child reduces the risk of certain types of ovarian cancer, such as serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell tumours. Women who have had their fallopian tubes cut or clipped also experience a lower risk of developing these cancers.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells utilize tunneling nanotubes to exchange molecules with neighboring cells, including healthy cells, and a key regulator protein is involved in this process. The findings suggest potential new strategies for cancer treatment by targeting these secret channels.
Scientists are exploring the formation of novel molecular aggregates at ultra-cold temperatures, where quantum mechanical principles govern interactions between atoms and molecules. By studying synthetic solids created by optical lattices, researchers aim to develop a new theory describing the chemistry of ultra-cold atoms.
Researchers have found significant flaws in a study claiming chimpanzees can learn each other's language, concluding it may be misrepresenting the causes behind changes in vocalization and doesn't recognize initial similarities between groups' vocalizations.
Researchers have developed ultrasensitive gas sensors using boron-doped graphene, detecting noxious gas molecules at extremely low concentrations. The sensors outperform current state-of-the-art sensors by six orders of magnitude, opening a path to high-performance detection of toxic gases and other molecules.
Researchers at Temple University Health System have identified a regulatory enzyme defect in Down syndrome that also malfunctions in Alzheimer's disease, leading to the formation of toxic amyloid plaques in the brain. This discovery could lead to the development of a targeted therapy to mitigate dementia in Down syndrome.
A new study found that much of the negative chatter about a recalled car brand spills over to rival brands, impinging them in the process. The 'perverse halo' effect reduces sales overall for all involved brands.
Researchers discovered the 'off' switch for starch production in plants, which rapidly shuts down production at night to prevent energy waste. The discovery suggests that the seemingly wasteful approach holds a clever adaptation strategy to adjust metabolism in response to fluctuating light intensity.
A TSRI team has been awarded a $1.8 million grant to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind cancer metastasis. The research could lead to new approaches to help patients by targeting specific molecules involved in tumor cell survival and metastasis.
Researchers tracked juvenile cowbirds using automated telemetry systems, finding they leave host nests at dusk and spend nights in nearby fields before returning just after daybreak. This behavior helps young birds avoid imprinting on their host parents and learn essential survival skills.
Pfizer announces new scientific abstracts and presentations for XELJANZ (tofacitinib citrate) in rheumatoid arthritis, including safety data, long-term extension studies, and real-world evaluation. The data highlights the efficacy and safety of XELJANZ in treating RA.
Researchers have engineered a new receptor that can counter stealthy diseases by boosting plant defense systems. The modified Arabidopsis plants show resistance to both insects and pathogens.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center find that freshwater marbled crayfish exhibit parthenogenesis, a process where animals reproduce without fertilization, and use this as an ideal model for studying epigenetics in cancer. The discovery could lead to new insights into the development of the disease.
A study published in Weather found that fireworks on Guy Fawkes' night can reduce visibility by an average of 25% due to the release of hygroscopic particulate matter. This effect is exacerbated when relative humidity is high, posing significant safety risks for motorist and pedestrian safety.
Researchers at Griffith University's Institute for Glycomics have determined the first three-dimensional image of a protein involved in cancer spread using X-ray crystallography. The study reveals the enzyme heparanase, which degrades a sugar molecule and is associated with angiogenesis, inflammation, and increased metastatic potential.
Researchers have detected how nature produces key chemicals similar to those in drugs that fight malaria, bacterial infections and cancer. The discovery sheds light on a complicated chemical process in nature that synthetic biologists can now borrow to engineer a whole new class of synthetic medicines.
Research by Herman Aguinis and Kyle Bradley suggests that performance follows a power law distribution, leading to more common star performers. The study recommends transparency, fairness in policies, structuring work, training development interventions, employment decisions, and compensation to effectively manage and produce star perf...
Researchers found that women with higher levels of abdominal fat during their first trimester are at a greater risk of developing gestational diabetes later on. The study used ultrasound scans to measure visceral and total abdominal fat, both of which were predictors of gestational diabetes.
Researchers at Hiroshima University have discovered that fragments of cancer DNA circulating in the bloodstream can predict the recurrence and spread of liver cancer. This non-invasive method, known as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), provides valuable clinical information about the patient's disease progression.
African-American children between 8-12 years old show a significant weight bias, with over 67% selecting the overweight child as victim of name-calling. Girls exhibit more sympathy towards overweight peers than boys, who tend to have lower popularity and social acceptance.
Scientists at the University of South Carolina have created a new catalyst that efficiently converts CO2 into carbon monoxide, a potential fuel source. The nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes are more stable and cost-effective than traditional metal-based catalysts.
A new study suggests that disk gaps may be a cosmic illusion and not necessarily caused by hidden planets. The researchers used models to show that growth, migration, and destruction of small particles can create apparent gaps in the disk.
A new Duke University study finds that clumping newly planted marsh grasses can spur positive interactions and boost growth, increasing vegetative cover by up to 300% in some test plots. This approach challenges 40-year-old forestry-based practice of dispersed planting.
A long-term study on a rooftop in Copenhagen reveals that climate change is altering the local insect community, with specialized species being more sensitive to temperature increases. The research found that some species are moving northwards in Europe, while others are being squeezed out of their range.
Researchers found that infants can identify and link new sounds to meaning, indicating a social capacity for recognizing and learning from novel communicative signals. This ability broadens our understanding of infants' coordination of social, language, and cognitive development.
A newly discovered tumor suppressor gene, RASA2, has been found to affect melanoma survival. Restoring its function in melanoma cells caused them to stop growing and die.
QUT scientists have discovered a gene in the Pitjuri plant that allows it to rapidly grow and survive in harsh conditions, including space. This discovery could lead to growing food in space and has implications for future genetic research.
Researchers found that rheumatoid arthritis significantly increases participants' overall risk of death, especially due to respiratory or cardiovascular causes. Seropositive RA was associated with a nearly three-fold increased risk of respiratory mortality compared to seronegative RA.
Internet-delivered CBT has been shown to benefit people with depression and anxiety, offering a cost-effective and empowering way of accessing treatment. It allows clinicians to treat more patients effectively in less time, providing patient empowerment and increased clinical efficiency.
A large-scale survey found that African-Americans who did not exercise frequently had nearly twice the odds of abusing alcohol. Regular physical activity was associated with lower odds of alcohol misuse, suggesting a potential link between exercise and decreased risk.
Researchers found that male mice recruit more white blood cells to the site of inflammation than females, highlighting the importance of sex differences in inflammatory responses. This discovery has implications for how we design and interpret experiments and evaluate anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
A new peptide-based hydrogel has been developed by University of Delaware researchers to facilitate microsurgery. The hydrogel can be tuned with a specific amino acid to change form several times during a procedure, allowing precise control and reducing damage to tiny blood vessels.
The world's record for the smallest land snail has been broken with the discovery of a minute shell measuring only 0.7 mm in diameter. The study highlights the importance of conserving isolated species such as this one due to their restricted distribution and vulnerability to habitat disruption.
Researchers found that pantry food safety procedures were often informal, with 75% lacking proper storage and handling information. However, most pantries limited cross-contamination and provided adequate handwashing facilities.
The American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology have updated recommendations for athletes with diagnosed heart disease. New research shows that the risk of sudden cardiac arrest is lower than previously thought for some athletes with irregular heartbeat disorders treated by implanted medical devices. However, patients...
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered a molecule called EphA2 that stifles aggressive growth of common and deadly type of lung cancer in humans. The enzyme normally polices tissue growth but when mutated, cellular systems can run amok, leading to tumors.
A team of scientists has mapped the mantle under the Juan de Fuca plate, a key step in understanding the forces behind large earthquakes and tsunamis. The map reveals segmentation of the subduction zone, which could help explain why Pacific Northwest megaquakes don't always break along the entire length.
A recent study by University of Montana researchers found a significant increase in global land evapotranspiration over the past 32 years, driven by vegetation greening and rising atmosphere moisture deficits. This trend exacerbates regional drought-induced disturbances, particularly during strong El Nino events.
Researchers used a new method to evaluate health-care access in Appalachia, finding that insurance and geospatial access played crucial roles in late-stage diagnosis and adjuvant hormone therapy. The study suggests traditional metrics like travel times may not accurately capture the barriers faced by patients.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that deaths among middle-aged white Americans increased significantly between 1999 and 2013. The top causes of death were suicide, drug and alcohol poisoning, and chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis.
A team of scientists has discovered a gene called SWEET4 that plays a crucial role in increasing seed size and yield by importing sugars into seeds. This breakthrough discovery could lead to the development of new crop varieties with improved nutritional value and resistance to pathogens.
Lawrence Gostin, a renowned public health lawyer, has made significant contributions to the field of public health law. He continues to lead major global health law reform initiatives and serves on various commissions to report on global health risks.
A historian examines how Saudi Arabia's quest for fresh drinking water led to the discovery of oil and highlights the country's precarious relationship between oil and water. The expert argues that the U.S. must consider the environmental impact of desalination, a technology used to produce drinking water.
Chronic short sleep duration of 6 hours or less increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older women. Increasing sleep duration by 2 hours or more also associated with a modest increased risk of diabetes, even after adjusting for other factors such as diet and physical activity.
A Swedish study found that children growing up with dogs have a lower risk of developing asthma, with a 15% reduction compared to those without dogs. The study analyzed over one million children and controlled for confounding factors.
A new study in the Journal of International Marketing identifies five distinct dimensions of consumer ethnocentrism: prosociality, cognition, insecurity, reflexiveness, and habituation. The study introduces a new scale to measure consumer ethnocentrism, which better predicts preferences for domestic brands.
A recent study found that tourists use peer-to-peer accommodation services for social and financial reasons, leading to broader destination choices and longer stays. The availability of these services also increases tourism demand and revenue for destinations.
A study published in the American Journal of Transplantation shows that new policies could increase pediatric lung transplants by twice as much. The research team tested alternative allocation models to improve pediatric access to donor lungs and found two models resulted in significantly more transplants for pediatric patients.
Research found that average survival was less than six months, with only 36% surviving beyond one year. Patients diagnosed through emergency routes tend to have more advanced cancers, contributing to a poorer prognosis. The study highlights the importance of early diagnosis in improving cancer survival rates.
Research by Queensland University of Technology found that people living alone are more likely to have poor dieting habits due to inadequate cooking skills and lack of motivation. The study also found a gender disparity in healthy eating practices, with men living alone having poorer diets than women.
Researchers found that grain size determines methane hydrate behavior under stress, with maximum capacity at 15-20 nm. This discovery has implications for predicting and preventing hydrate failure and exploring their use as a future energy source.
Research suggests that parent-adolescent communication is positively linked to safer sex behavior. The study found a small but significant association between parent communication and contraceptive use, which was stronger for girls than boys. Open communication about sex can help delay sexual debut and reduce the risk of sexually trans...
A new UC Davis study finds that identifying and addressing dyslexia as early as first grade can close the achievement gap with typical readers. Implementing effective reading programs at younger ages shows promising results in narrowing this disparity.
Researchers at UT Austin developed a nanoscale machine made of DNA that can autonomously walk in any direction, opening doors for cancer detection and therapeutic delivery. The DNA walker, with two legs connected by a torso, moves randomly and avoids re-tracing its steps, demonstrating a new level of complexity.
Researchers have determined the structure of a key enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which could lead to new drugs for the disease. The discovery provides a potential starting point for developing treatments that target this enzyme.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking method to identify and separate human tonsil cancer stem cells, providing new insights into the disease. The study shows that these stem cells are key players in the development of tonsil cancer, with HPV infection being a major risk factor.
A new NSF-funded project aims to develop rural libraries and librarians into informal STEM learning centers, providing access to science education for small towns and rural areas. The initiative builds on a previous Dartmouth-led project that reached over 100 libraries and aims to involve another 110.
The study found that pteropods, a tiny sea snail, will struggle to form their shells due to low carbonate ion concentration. The duration of undersaturation events will increase abruptly, posing an uncertain adaptation for vulnerable marine organisms.
A study of 7,699 fast food diners in NYC and NJ found that calorie labels don't reduce overall calories consumed. While some consumers notice and respond to calorie counts, awareness decreases over time, suggesting a need for multi-faceted approaches to address obesity.
A study by Rice University researchers has solved a long-standing mystery about the storage and secretion of blood-clotting factor VIII. The protein is both stored and secreted from a specialized organelle in endothelial cells, which line the walls of blood vessels.
Researchers at University of the Pacific have developed a method to significantly extend the lifespan of peptides. By tagging peptides with a compound, they enable it to survive in the bloodstream longer and avoid degradation. This breakthrough technology has the potential to improve peptide therapies for cancer and other diseases.
Researchers have created genetically encoded magnetic protein nanoparticles that can be produced within cells, allowing for non-invasive tracking and monitoring of cell signals. This technology has the potential to observe communication between neurons, activation of immune cells, and stem cell differentiation, among other phenomena.
A new study by Rice University sociologists finds that adjusting to less food availability can negatively impact kids, resulting in behavioral problems and poorer health. The study looked at transitions in food insecurity among kindergarteners and first-graders between 2011 and 2012.
A BU School of Medicine researcher has identified a small molecule that selectively kills ALT-positive cancer cells, offering a potential therapeutic approach to deadly forms of human cancer. The discovery targets the ALT pathway, frequently reactivated in aggressive cancers such as osteosarcoma and glioblastoma.
A study conducted by a University of Nebraska student found that cheering crowd noise levels in college hockey stadiums have no strong correlation with goals scored. The study measured noise levels during four games and found the loudest sections to be around 95 decibels, which is equivalent to hearing a jackhammer from 50 feet away.
Researchers found that acupuncture and Alexander Technique lessons significantly reduced chronic neck pain by 32% and 31%, respectively, at 12 months. These interventions provided clinically relevant reductions in pain levels without medication use, offering new hope for patients with chronic neck pain.
Researchers found that praising with an assertive tone and scolding with a non-assertive tone were the most effective ways to persuade people to wash their hands during flu season. The study, published in the Journal of Marketing Research, suggests that using an assertive tone can intensify the message and promote desired behavior.
Vyjayanthi Chari, a professor at UC Riverside, is recognized as a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society for her contributions to the theory of quantum groups and affine Lie algebras. She has also made significant contributions to mentoring graduate students and postdocs.
A new €23 million initiative, EAVI2020, accelerates the search for an effective HIV vaccine by uniting leading researchers from across Europe and beyond. The project aims to develop protective and therapeutic vaccines through collaborative efforts.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing Research found that consumers often misjudge the benefits of increased productivity, leading to wasted spending. Researchers Bart de Langhe and Stefano Puntoni discovered that consumers tend to overestimate time savings at high-productivity levels compared to low-level increases.
The study found that African immigrants experienced discrimination and stigma linked to the Ebola virus, leading to stress and hardships. The researchers emphasize the need for research on infectious diseases affecting immigrant communities in the US.
Researchers found that Janus kinase inhibitors decreased factors released by human senescent cells and reduced inflammatory mediators in mice. The treatment improved physical function, including grip strength, endurance, and physical activity, in aged mice over two months.
A team of researchers is using 'passive acoustic monitoring' to document the use of the Bering Strait by species previously excluded by sea ice. They are eavesdropping on marine mammals within the Arctic to monitor their presence year-round and study the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified a hormonal mechanism explaining why women with PCOS are more likely to develop mental health issues. The study found that excessive testosterone exposure during fetal development can lead to anxiety-like behavior in both male and female offspring.
Researchers discovered that macrophages and monocytes actively participate in multiple sclerosis progression, exacerbating disease severity through stress signals. The study highlights the significance of the crosstalk between the peripheral immune system and brain, opening new avenues for potential therapies.
Researchers used America's most powerful supercomputer, Titan, to compute the neutron distribution of calcium-48, finding a smaller difference between neutron and proton distributions. This calculation impacts the size of neutron stars, connecting objects with a 18-order magnitude size difference.
Researchers studied three species of songbirds crossing the Gulf of Mexico, finding they use weather and body fat to assess migration risk. The findings can help protect migrating birds by identifying high-quality habitats along their routes.
A new study from the University of Alberta suggests that men's fair contribution to housework is linked to more frequent and satisfying sex in their relationships. The research found no correlation between the amount of housework completed and sexual functioning, contradicting previous studies.
A study of Canadian patients found that off-label prescription drug use was associated with a higher incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs), particularly when the use lacked strong scientific evidence. The study also found that patients using multiple medications had a significantly increased risk for ADEs.