A team of chemists created materials that change color or texture in response to environmental changes, inspired by squid, jellyfish, and human skin. These materials can be used for encrypting secret messages, creating anti-glare surfaces, or detecting moisture or damage.
Researchers are using naturally occurring fungi to extract valuable materials from waste batteries, including cobalt and lithium. The process uses oxalic acid and citric acid generated by the fungi to leach out the metals, with results showing up to 85% lithium and 48% cobalt extraction.
In a study of young men attending a therapeutic boarding school, researchers found that they adopted more feminine behaviors to assert dominance and maturity. These hybrid masculinities were positively valued by women, employers, and educational organizations, contributing to the flexibility of patriarchy.
A new study found that youth cyberbullying is most common between current or former friends and dating partners, with approximately 17.2% of students experiencing cyberbullying within a week. Girls were twice as likely to fall victim to cyber aggression than boys, while LGBTQ youth were four times more likely to be victims.
The American Ornithologists' Union recognizes five individuals for their outstanding contributions to science and service. Dr. Patricia Parker, Dr. Michael Sorenson, Dr. John Fitzpatrick, Dr. Mary Caswell Stoddard, and Dr. James Herkert receive awards for their work in ecology, conservation, behavior, systematics, and more.
Researchers found that the September 11 attacks merged immigration and terrorism issues, heightening surveillance and racializing Latino immigrants as a threat. This merger fueled Islamophobia and led to increased deportations, with an average of 334,000 people deported per year since 2003.
Dr. Patricia Parker has received the William Brewster Memorial Award for her groundbreaking research on social behavior, mating systems, and conservation of bird species in the Galápagos Islands.
A new study by Victor Agadjanian found that members of the ethnic majority in Kyrgyzstan are more optimistic about future economic trends compared to minority groups, particularly Uzbeks. The study highlights the importance of understanding the historical context of ethnic tensions and their impact on minority group experiences.
Researchers found that Twitter users discuss, debate, and even canonize or condemn deceased individuals, reflecting a broader approach to death than on Facebook. This shift enables people who didn't know the person to engage in public discussions about death, breaking down traditional hierarchies of grief.
The American Ornithologists' Union has welcomed 21 new Fellows, selected by their peers for their significant contributions to the field of ornithology. The newly elected Fellows represent the most eminent members of the global ornithology community and are residents or citizens of the Western Hemisphere.
Researchers at TSU and SB RAS have developed a multi-layered ceramic material with heat resistance of over 3,000 degrees Celsius, targeting the space industry and aircraft engine manufacturing. The new material will provide increased protection during reentry and improve the performance of jet engines.
Researchers at Bangor University have achieved a world first by using dragline silk from the golden web spider as an additional superlens to provide up to 2-3 times magnification. This innovation enables viewing of previously invisible structures, including nano-structures and biological micro-structures.
Researchers found that infants whose mothers speak tonal languages exhibit higher melodic variation in their cries, which sounds like chanting. This suggests that babies are learning language patterns from the womb and can mimic them in their early vocalizations.
Scientists found that sections of the West Napa Fault continued to slip after the primary earthquake, posing additional hazards to infrastructure. The afterslip caused certain areas to shift by as much as 40 centimeters in the month following the main earthquake.
A team of researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Arizona has received a $2 million NSF EFRI grant to study non-reciprocal elastic wave propagation in solids. The project aims to develop new materials with unique properties that could lead to breakthroughs in phononic information processing.
Researchers discovered that rheumatoid arthritis patients taking IL-1beta inhibitors are 300 times more likely to experience invasive Group A Streptococcal infections, highlighting the molecule's critical role in sensing bacterial infections. The study also suggests that inhibiting this immune response can put patients at risk for infe...
The NSF has awarded 18 grants for frontier research on neural and cognitive systems, exploring complexities of brain and behavior. The projects will contribute to the BRAIN Initiative, advancing neurotechnologies and understanding individuality and variation.
A new study by Jane Willenbring and colleagues suggests that asbestos fibers can move through soil due to the presence of dissolved organic matter. This finding has significant implications for current remediation strategies aimed at capping asbestos-laden soils.
Researchers discovered that WhiB6 regulates the ESX-1 secretion system and DosR regulon, enabling mycobacteria to form persistent granulomas and maintain virulence.
Tropical Storm Lionrock showed a large low-level center with shallow and weak thunderstorms wrapping into an ill-defined center. The storm was moving southwestward at 14.9 mph, with the strongest winds in its northern quadrant.
A new study by Yale University researcher Jun Korenaga suggests that planets like Earth form through multiple giant impacts, leading to diverse sizes and internal temperatures. This lack of self-regulating mantle convection has significant implications for planetary habitability.
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory will evaluate the Whooshh Fish Transport System, a technology that transports fish through a flexible tube, to make hydropower cheaper and more fish-friendly. The study aims to compare its performance with traditional fish ladders to move Pacific Coast salmon around barriers in the Columbia River.
Tropical Storm Kay's strengthening is attributed to strong convection, with cold cloud top temperatures exceeding minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. Forecasted to pass near Mexico, the storm will then weaken and turn westward into the Eastern Pacific.
Research suggests that Pokémon Go and similar augmented reality games can encourage substantial physical activity in players without them intending to. Dr. Baranowski's editorial encourages game developers to create new games that promote beneficial physical activity while being fun to play.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed a non-invasive MRI technique that measures liver fat density with high accuracy. This method corresponds to histological responses in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and shows promise for future clinical trials and treatment.
Arctic sea ice cover is still declining despite slower melt rates, scientists say. The new normal for sea ice extent is expected to remain low due to extreme weather conditions.
A new study from the University at Buffalo suggests that expressing core values and beliefs can lead to a positive psychological experience, even when faced with unanimous disagreement. Participants' cardiovascular responses indicated feelings of invigoration when standing up for their individuality, rather than anxiety when conforming...
Researchers from University of Konstanz and China successfully replicate nacre's structural configuration using calcium carbonate, chitin, and silk fibroin gel. The synthetic process creates identical characteristics to naturally occurring biomineral with improved production speed, potentially leading to high-performance materials.
The University of Kansas is partnering with the Peace Corps to provide custom, web-based resources to staff and volunteers in Africa. The Community Tool Box will support volunteers with research-based knowledge from disciplines such as community development and urban planning, making best practices easy to implement in the field.
A national survey found that 21% of parents support HPV vaccination requirements without opt-outs, increasing to 57% when opt-outs are included. Despite the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing cervical cancer, many parents lack knowledge and are hesitant to vaccinate their children.
A study found that parents are more likely to support laws requiring HPV vaccination for school entry if their state offers opt-out provisions. However, the study's lead author warned that such opt-out provisions may weaken the vaccine requirements' effectiveness.
A NYIT researcher has won an NIH grant to investigate methamphetamine's impact on the body's inflammatory response and wound healing. The study aims to understand how meth causes overproduction of IL-6, delaying inflammation and healing.
A new study by Queen Mary University of London found that certain Barrett's Oesophagus cells can be identified as 'born to be benign' or 'bad', allowing for early detection and prevention of oesophageal cancer. The test uses genetic analysis of individual cells, predicting future risk regardless of time since abnormal cell appearance.
A survey of 249 freshmen found that URM first-gen students with a strong belief in science's community benefit were more likely to become scientists. Traditional science values like curiosity also drove motivation for all groups. However, broader prosocial goals played a greater role for URM students from all backgrounds.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed an alternative fertilizing source for organic farming, allowing farmers to harvest mobile green manure repeatedly without affecting crop yields. The method has the potential to improve fertilizer quality and reduce the need for conventional animal manure in the future.
A study published in the Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy found that 66% of respondents who switched to vaping reported an improvement in respiratory symptoms, while 5% experienced worsening. Vaping may provide antimicrobial protection through propylene glycol, reducing infection rates.
A University of Cincinnati study finds that high self-esteem can help individuals recognize and respond to envy in the workplace. Researchers suggest that when envied employees attribute negative behaviors to envy, they are more likely to respond positively. In contrast, low self-esteem may lead to acceptance or suspicion. The study ai...
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have determined a previously unknown structure of proteins key to making terpenoids, a family of molecules encompassing successful cancer treatments. The study provides insight into how Nature makes these compounds and may lead to engineering structural diversity in bacteria.
Researchers have optimized optogenetic methods to study neural circuits with single neuron resolution. By confining light stimulation to a defined disc-like shape and using spatially restricted ChR expression, they can unmask synaptic connections from neurons whose cell bodies lie close to the dendrites of the postsynaptic cell. This r...
New research links specific inherited genetic differences to an increased risk for eye melanoma, a rare form of melanoma arising from pigment cells that determine eye color. Genetic mutations associated with skin melanoma were also found to be linked to uveal melanoma risk.
Research found that employees experiencing envy tend to ruminate on social injustice, leading to ego depletion and decreased productivity. High epistemic motivation can contribute to creative output but also exacerbate negative emotions.
A new study by University of Connecticut sociologists found that as men take on more financial responsibility in their marriages, their psychological well-being and health decline. In contrast, women's psychological well-being improves as they make greater economic contributions.
Researchers have discovered previously unknown regularities of arthropod limbs based on studies of the remipede Speleonectes tulumensis. The analysis revealed that mathematical formulas can predict the number of setae on each appendage, shedding light on the evolutionary mechanisms of these crustaceans.
A new study by Tulane University sociologists explores the relationship between bartending and perceptions of successful adulthood. The researchers found that bartenders perceive their jobs as precluding them from achieving normal benchmarks of adult life, such as long-term intimate relationships and family life.
Researchers found guarana to have higher antioxidant capacity than green tea due to its high catechin content. The study showed guarana reduced oxidative stress and improved lipid profiles in healthy volunteers.
Researchers found the proton pump enzyme activates to regulate blood pH levels in stingrays by transporting excess acid from cells to the bloodstream. This study's findings suggest a potential link between the enzyme's role in humans, particularly in regulating blood and urine functions.
Researchers at TUM have determined the mechanism of G protein switching, providing insights into the design of new active agents. The study reveals that the open form of the protein is more accessible to active agents than its rigid, closed form.
Researchers found that cloth masks are only marginally beneficial in protecting people from particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers, and remove only 39-65% of standard particles. The most commonly used cloth mask products perform poorly compared to alternative options.
A new study published in The Lancet found that vertebroplasty significantly reduces acute pain and disability in patients with spinal fractures within a 6-week period. The procedure also leads to shorter hospital stays, with an average reduction of 5.5 days.
Researchers devise a way to record analog memories in human cells by using CRISPR and self-targeting guide RNA strands. This allows them to track biological events such as inflammation or infection and monitor cell differentiation into various tissues during development.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that visual communication using technology to illustrate skin damage is most effective in changing behaviors. Young women who saw their own faces prematurely aged took twice as many free sunscreen samples and three times more skin cancer leaflets than those who received text-based messages.
A Boston research team found that CT attenuation measurements can be used to differentiate between untreated osteoblastic (bone-related) metastases and enostoses (benign bone lesions). This discovery may help avoid unnecessary biopsies and radiologic studies.
Tropical Depression 10W has formed near Guam with strong thunderstorms and cold top temperatures, generating potential for heavy rainfall. The storm is expected to continue moving north-northwestward over the next several days, potentially intensifying into a minimal tropical storm by August 22-23.
Researchers developed a handheld device called SimVis that simulates different intraocular lens designs, allowing patients to choose the best correction for their needs. The device uses an optoelectronic tunable lens to change shape in response to an electric current, providing a realistic visual experience.
A large population-based study from Uppsala University found a strong correlation between linoleic acid in adipose tissue and lower mortality among older men. The study suggests that consuming more polyunsaturated fats may reduce the risk of premature death.
Tropical Storm 12W formed over the open waters of the Northwestern Pacific Ocean on August 18, 2016. The storm was spotted by NASA's Aqua satellite and has tracked northwestward at 16.1 mph, expected to intensify into a typhoon near Japan
Cancer cells counteract telomere breakdown by building them up with the enzyme telomerase. A new study using CRISPR gene editing technology reveals telomerase's mechanism, allowing scientists to identify potential targets for anti-cancer drugs.
A recent study challenges the concept of 'healthy obesity,' revealing nearly identical gene expression changes in obese individuals with varying levels of insulin sensitivity. The research suggests that vigorous health interventions may be necessary for all obese individuals, regardless of their metabolic health status.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a link between telomeres and the Wnt signaling cascade, which may hold a treatment option for patients with dyskeratosis congenita. Stimulating the Wnt pathway reversed signs of DC-related dysfunction in human tissues.
Researchers discovered that mussels improve water storage around grass roots and reduce soil salinity, allowing marshes to recover from drought in less than a decade. This mutually beneficial relationship between mussels and marsh grass can help ecosystems bounce back from extreme climatic events.