Researchers at Stanford Medicine developed a machine-learning approach that accurately differentiates between two types of lung cancers and predicts patient survival times better than human pathologists. The method assesses critical disease-related features, including cell size, shape, and texture, to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine discover a novel protein called PTRF linked to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. The study finds that most obese individuals develop insulin resistance despite having normal fat cells.
A trio of researchers identified the agr1 gene locus controlling toxin production in C. difficile bacteria, suggesting a new approach to treat the life-threatening infection. The study found that jamming the signaling communication system can stop toxin production, providing hope for non-antibiotic therapy.
The US Department of Energy is investing $16 million in two four-year projects to develop software for designing new functional materials. The research teams will use supercomputers to model and simulate material behavior, with the goal of revolutionizing alternative energy, electronics, and other fields.
Researchers have discovered that female ocellated wrasses prefer sperm from nesting males over sneaker males, even when fertilization occurs externally. This phenomenon, known as cryptic female choice, is driven by the ovarian fluid released during spawning, which enhances sperm velocity and attraction to the egg.
Researchers warn that economic growth will not be able to counterbalance hurricane losses under unchecked global warming. Historical losses due to tropical cyclones have been found to increase less than linearly with a nation's affected GDP, but per capita income does not protect against hurricane losses.
A recent study found that coral reefs with fewer large, predator fish have nearly half of their key nutrients absent. Fish play a crucial role in recycling nutrients in the reef's tight nutrient cycle. The researchers suggest that curbing fishing practices targeting large predator fish could help reefs recover.
Researchers at University of Guam discovered that cycad roots can identify close relatives, leading to cooperative behaviors and improved management decisions. This finding has valuable implications for conservation settings, such as optimizing seed sowing practices and positioning plants in botanic gardens.
A UCLA study found that a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and normal body mass index can lower plaque and tangle levels in the brain. Lifestyle factors such as a Mediterranean diet were shown to directly influence abnormal proteins in people with subtle memory loss.
A UCLA study finds that Latinos age more slowly at the molecular level, with an epigenetic clock measuring their age as 2.4 years younger than non-Latino women of the same age after menopause. This discovery may help scientists understand how to slow the aging process for everyone.
A new study found that genetic factors account for 38.4% of the variation in chronic pain risk, while shared environment with spouses contributes to 18.7%. The research also discovered a correlation between chronic pain and depression, highlighting the importance of identifying shared causal mechanisms.
A nationwide study found that bone marrow-derived stem cells improved psychological well-being and reduced graft-vs.-host disease symptoms in transplant recipients. These patients were also more likely to return to work after five years.
Researchers identify the signaling cascade leading to apnea-associated hypertension and propose a new treatment method by inhibiting cystathionine-y-lyase enzyme. Blocking hydrogen sulfide synthesis can prevent carotid body activation and hypertension in sleep apnea patients.
Researchers used data on taxi trip records and points of interest from FourSquare to gather insights into neighborhood crime rates. The study found that areas with nightclubs tend to be low-crime areas, suggesting people choose safe destinations.
Research from London Metropolitan University found that boys are more accurate at identifying players in offside positions than girls, despite having similar theoretical understanding of the rule. The study suggests that everyday experience playing football is a key factor in successful identification.
A new study reveals that transparent wood windows provide better thermal insulation and consistent natural lighting than glass, eliminating glare. The material's channels direct sunlight through the wood, creating a uniform indoor lighting experience.
A study by Baylor University researcher Matthew Andersson found that healthy individuals who spend more time with heavier friends are less likely to lose weight. This is because they may feel more comfortable around them, despite the potential for social exclusion or discrimination among those seeking to shed pounds.
Researchers at Lund University found that larger flocks of birds travel significantly faster than smaller ones, with wind direction and turbulence playing a crucial role. This discovery provides new understanding of the complex factors influencing bird flight speeds.
A recent study found that a mix of marine zones, including protected reserves and fished areas, is crucial for the health of prey fish. The research discovered that depleting predators on the Great Barrier Reef had negative effects on prey species, such as reduced growth and reproduction.
Researchers explore the role of 'cognitive offloading' in managing information and retention, finding that people use physical actions to reduce mental effort when performing tasks. This strategy can have both benefits, such as increased confidence and ability, and drawbacks, including reduced memory for stored information.
Physicists develop Big PanDA system to optimize LHC computing needs, demonstrating a new tool for handling monumental data demands. The approach breaks up complex analysis jobs and simulations into smaller chunks, maximizing available resources.
A new study assesses the effectiveness of self-guided online genetic education in reducing anxiety and stress among cancer patients undergoing tumor gene testing. Researchers hope to improve patients' experience with precision medicine by increasing knowledge about test limitations and benefits.
Scientists have engineered Geobacter bacteria to produce extremely thin nanowires that are thousands of times thinner than a human hair, and are made from non-toxic natural proteins. The resulting wires can be used in medical sensors, military applications, and other electronic devices.
The International Society for Burn Injuries has issued new practice guidelines for burn care in resource-limited settings, addressing the need for standardized care globally. The guidelines provide recommendations for initial assessment, resuscitation, wound care, and rehabilitation, aiming to reduce costs and improve outcomes.
Scientists have overturned traditional interpretations of the Susitna basin in Alaska, discovering that it was formed by a southwest-dipping thrust fault. This finding changes our understanding of the region's geologic evolution and the formation of iconic landmarks like Mount Susitna.
A new study by King's College London casts doubt on claims of inherent optimism bias about the future. Researchers found that people learn more from negative news than positive news, contradicting prior studies' conclusions.
The study found that PCSK9 inhibitors are not cost-effective for patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, requiring annual drug prices to be reduced by over two-thirds. Reducing prices could lower US health care costs by $29 billion over 5 years.
Researchers at Imperial College London have found a way to kill MRSA bacteria by disrupting its salt regulation mechanism. By understanding how the bacteria cope with salt stress, scientists hope to develop a treatment that prevents food poisoning and works alongside conventional antibiotics.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that sleep apnea worsens non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents. The study, published in the Journal of Hepatology, suggests that obstructive sleep apnea and low nighttime oxygen levels can promote the progression of the disease.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a new method to isolate pure semiconducting carbon nanotubes from impurities. This breakthrough resolves a long-standing challenge in harnessing the potential of carbon nanotubes in electronics and computing.
Researchers have discovered a 65% reduction in Antarctic sea ice around 128,000 years ago, which has significant implications for predicting the Earth's future climate. The study, published in Nature Communications, used analysis of ice cores to determine the state of Antarctic sea ice during this past warm period.
A new study has linked exposure to neonicotinoid seed-treated oilseed rape crops to long-term population decline of wild bee species in England. The research found that oilseed rape is a key mechanism for neonicotinoid exposure among wild bee communities, leading to significant declines in biodiversity.
The National Center for Atmospheric Research's WRF-Hydro model provides continuous predictions of water levels and potential flooding in rivers and streams across the contiguous United States. This enables better management of reservoirs, navigation along major rivers, and planning for droughts.
The Soybean Knowledge Base (SoyKB) uses high-performance computing to analyze soybean genetic data, promoting deeper understanding for scientists improving crops. Over 2,000 unique users log on monthly, with over 10,000 utilizing the platform since its development in 2010.
A survey of over 1,300 physicians found that 96.7% recognized shaken baby syndrome and abusive head trauma as valid diagnoses, supported by scientific literature and clinical experience. The study aims to dispel controversy surrounding these conditions, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis for child care.
A new study reveals how blood flow dynamics within blood vessels may influence the development or rupture of plaques, potentially leading to early interventions in treating heart disease. The research improves predictions of circumferential wall stress and identifies weak spots on a vessel wall that are likeliest to fail.
A pan-European study found that personalized nutrition advice led to significant improvements in diet quality, including reduced red meat consumption and increased folate intake. Participants who received personalized guidance had better health outcomes compared to those receiving generic dietary advice.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed solid-state batteries that are non-flammable and can be heated to high temperatures. This breakthrough enables faster charging and larger energy capacity, making them suitable for battery storage power plants and portable electronic devices.
A recent study demonstrates the potential of deep reinforcement learning in optimizing traffic signal timing, reducing average delay by 14% and vehicle waiting time by 13 seconds.
Researchers at Texas Tech University have developed hexagonal boron nitride semiconductors as a low-cost alternative for inspecting overseas cargo containers entering US ports. The material offers high detection efficiency and sensitivity, making it suitable for various applications beyond nuclear weapons detection.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered the inner workings of phytochrome proteins, which inform plant cells whether it's day or night. The findings enable modification of these proteins to increase crop yield and engineer light-sensitive proteins for controlling organisms by light.
Researchers at Aarhus University Hospital found a molecule associated with Oxaliplatin treatment resistance, where patients with high levels have a six times higher risk of not responding to the drug. Eliminating this microRNA biomarker from tumors may restore sensitivity to Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.
A new study reveals that physician and nurse collaboration is vital for referring patients to integrative therapies, such as massage and acupuncture, while hospitalized. The research found that nurses play a key role in recommending these services.
A study found that regulating sodium permanganate and closing a chemical company in Mexico led to large reductions in cocaine users and methamphetamine users in the USA. These impacts have lasted for approximately eight years, with little recovery in numbers.
A study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that people infected with Ebola virus were 20% more likely to survive if they were co-infected with malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites. The survival difference was evident even after controlling for Ebola viral load and age.
Research by Emily M. Zitek and Alexander H. Jordan found that narcissistic individuals are more likely to support hierarchies when they can rise through the ranks or when positions are open. In contrast, they were less likely to support a hierarchy without clear career advancement opportunities.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that only 4.6% of cases had discrepancies between initial and final evaluations, with most being due to process errors or interpretation errors. The study aimed to reduce discrepancy rates by identifying trends and implementing changes.
A new study found that when coworkers witness a colleague kissing up to their boss, it can lead to a more positive perception of the supervisor among newcomers. The researchers suggest that this phenomenon occurs because newcomers are eager for positive information about their supervisors.
A document analysis found that orlistat trial reports underestimated adverse effects, with only 3-33% of reported events appearing in published papers. This suggests potential for bias in harms reporting and highlights the need for more accurate reporting practices.
A recent study found that fertility clinic websites have limited information on assisted reproductive technology (ART) for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) couples compared to heterosexual couples. The study suggests a potential gap in access to fertility services by LGBT persons.
MGH researchers discovered the role of DDI-1 and PNG-1 in sensing proteasome stress, with potential applications in cancer treatment and Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest boosting proteasome activity could help treat conditions characterized by abnormal protein deposits.
Tropical Storm Chanthu is being affected by moderate southwesterly vertical wind shear as it moves parallel to the island of Japan. The storm is expected to maintain strength over the next day before transitioning to a cold-core low pressure area.
Scientists at Queen Mary University of London mapped Netflix's content delivery network by analyzing film requests from around the world. The study found that the USA and Mexico are major markets, with widespread server deployment, while Europe has a more concentrated presence.
A recent study published in JAMA found that the proportion of advanced dementia patients receiving feeding tubes decreased from 11.7% to 5.7% between 2000 and 2014. The decline was observed across both white and black patient groups, with significant racial disparities initially present.
A longitudinal study published in PLOS Medicine found a strong association between the duration of adulthood overweight and obesity and an increased risk of developing various types of cancer. For every ten-year increase in adulthood overweight duration, the risk of all obesity-related cancers was associated with a 7% increase.
A new gene expression analysis method, GlobinLockTM, overcomes technical bias in blood sample analysis caused by erythrocytes, allowing for more effective biomarker identification. The patented assay minimizes reagent and sample material needs, making it a robust tool for biotechnology companies.
A new study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that native English-speaking Americans know an average of 42 thousand dictionary words by the age of twenty. As people get older, they learn one new word every two days, leading to a total of 6000 additional words known by age sixty.
A new study by Columbia University researchers found that prenatal exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) is associated with increased symptoms of anxiety and depression in boys aged 10-12. The study controlled for socioeconomic factors and found no such associations in girls.
A $440,000 NIH grant is supporting a 3-year study examining the impact of cigarette smoke and genetic factors on female fertility. The researchers will assess ovarian reserve, in vitro fertilization success rates, and NAT2 genotype to better understand the relationship between smoking, genetics, and infertility.
Researchers have found strong evidence of sea ice distribution in the Nordic seas over the past 90,000 years, using a marine sediment core. The study reveals that sea ice played a significant role in shaping climate change and ocean currents during this period.