A new study by Michigan State University scholar Chezare Warren found that over-supporting urban black males in high school can have negative consequences for their academic success in college. The research suggests that balancing instructional and social supports is crucial to preparing students academically for college
Researchers at UCLA have found that ions subjected to buffer gas cooling never truly reach the same temperature as the surrounding gas, defying classical thermodynamic principles. The study reveals multiple final temperatures and highlights the need for nuanced understanding of the buffer-gas cooling process.
Researchers at TSRI have made a breakthrough in treating aqueous deficiency dry eye (ADDE), also known as painful blindness, by injecting regenerative progenitor cells into the lacrimal gland. The treatment shows significant promise in restoring tear production and repairing damaged gland tissue.
Researchers found that zebra finch eggs exposed to recorded incubation calls weighed less and had lower oxidative damage upon hatching. This reduced mass correlated with improved health at high temperatures, leading to increased fledgling production in the first breeding season.
Researchers combined satellite data with machine learning to estimate poverty levels, outperforming nightlight models by 81% and 99%. The new method uses publicly available daytime satellite data, is repeatable, and inexpensive, offering a more accurate means to identify impoverished areas.
Researchers discovered 'ecosystem canaries' can provide early warning signs of large, potentially catastrophic, changes in ecosystems. These species often vanish first from a stressed ecosystem, serving as an indicator of an approaching tipping point.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine identified the protein CD300lf that norovirus uses to infect cells. By expressing this protein on human cells, researchers can study noroviral pathogenesis and search for treatments in people.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers found that male Japanese termites form same-sex pairs when females are absent, allowing them to survive and potentially reproduce. This behavior is believed to be an adaptive strategy for future reproduction in the absence of females.
Researchers at UCSB discovered crystalline infinite iodide polymers, solving a centuries-old mystery of chemistry. This breakthrough has academic interest, but also potential for development of functional materials for new electronics.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered a way to boost CRISPR-Cas9 cutting efficiency up to fivefold by disrupting DNA repair mechanisms with short oligonucleotide pieces. This technique increases the success rate of creating knockouts, essential for studying gene function and correcting hereditary mutations.
Researchers developed a new method to identify microscopic damage in polymers and composite materials using turn-on fluorescence indicators. The system uses aggregation-induced emission (AIE) to detect damage as small as two microns, enabling early intervention and repair or replacement before catastrophic failure.
Researchers discovered two distinct populations of Acropora tenuis coral in the Nansei Archipelago, contradicting previous assumptions about its dispersal. This finding highlights the importance of local currents and specific habitat characteristics in shaping coral populations.
Researchers at King's College London discovered that a gene called TRPM2 initiates a 'warm' signal in mice, driving them to seek cooler environments. The study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms responsible for detecting warmth in sensory neurons.
Researchers at LMU Munich developed a new theoretical model explaining how regulatory proteins are transported to their sites of action in microtubules. The model suggests that energy is required to capture freely diffusing particles and proposes a mechanism for efficient transport by diffusion.
New research from the University of Missouri shows that preschoolers who excel in Spanish letters and numbers experience significant gains in their English skills. Building on Spanish skills appears to maximize their ability to enter school ready to learn.
Researchers found that males lost neurons detecting female pheromones after chronic exposure, while females showed no effect from male urine. This study explains differences among individuals and between the sexes through sensory experience rather than innate or hormonal factors.
Tropical Storm Chanthu brought heavy rainfall and gusty winds to northern Japan as NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed the storm's clouds on August 16. The storm is transitioning into an extra-tropical storm and expected to move into the Sea of Okhotsk.
Scientists have developed a neuron-targeting nanoparticle that can deliver RNA to damaged brain cells, reducing the impact of chronic conditions like depression and memory problems after TBI. The treatment showed promise in an animal model, with 80% reduction in protein associated with neuronal cell death.
A Kent State University study found that cell phone use can lead to feeling less socially connected, with women showing a significant difference in their relationships with parents and peers. Problematic phone use was also linked to decreased emotional closeness. The study suggests phones may have more social value for women than men.
Researchers from the University of York have developed a new method to detect and decrease wildlife poaching in protected areas, resulting in increased efficiency and effectiveness for ranger patrols. The approach uses data analysis and patrol optimization to target high-risk areas and reduce costs without additional resources.
Researchers have synthesized a molecule called PZM21 that targets brain pain systems without triggering respiratory impairment or constipation like morphine. The new agent holds promise as both a clinical treatment and a tool for exploring the workings of brain pain systems.
A Harvard Medical School study reveals genetic tests may have disproportionately misdiagnosed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in black Americans due to racially biased methodologies. The findings highlight the importance of using diverse control populations to ensure accurate test results.
Researchers at University of Washington have introduced a new way to communicate that allows devices like brain implants, contact lenses, and credit cards to talk to everyday devices. The new technique, called interscatter communication, works by converting Bluetooth signals into Wi-Fi transmissions over the air.
Barbados bullfinches and Carib grackles can successfully pull strings to access food, but this skill is unrelated to performance on other cognitive tasks. The study also found that some birds improve their string-pulling ability with practice.
Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit significant cell-to-cell variation in their capacity to survive upon implantation. The Tulane professor's three-year project aims to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying this variation, with the goal of improving survival rates and advancing regenerative therapies.
Researchers found that local electron pairs form a 'superfluid' that flows without resistance, enabling the material to conduct electricity at unusually high temperatures. This discovery challenges standard theory of superconductivity and paves the way for engineering materials that become superconducting at room temperature.
Scientists from the University of Chicago used gene-editing techniques to study the development of zebrafish fins and discovered that the same cells responsible for fin rays also form fingers and toes. The research challenges previous assumptions about the transformation from fins to limbs.
A study found nearly 361,000 children under 5 were treated for stroller or carrier-related injuries between 1990 and 2010. Head and face injuries accounted for most cases, with traumatic brain injuries on the rise, particularly in carriers.
A longitudinal study found that infants' spatial reasoning abilities measured as young as six months predict their math skills at four years of age. The researchers also discovered that individual differences in spatial aptitude are present earlier than previously thought, highlighting the potential for early intervention to improve ma...
A study published in Nature found that diverse ecosystems populated by many species provide higher levels of ecosystem services, including food production, soil development, pest control, and climate regulation. The research highlights the importance of maintaining species-rich ecosystems for human well-being.
Researchers developed a new radiotracer that safely and effectively maps sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. The study demonstrated the tracer's ability to provide clear SLN imaging with high detection rates.
A new therapy has been developed to replace essential steroids in the body, which could help people with conditions like Addison's disease and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The treatment uses corticosterone instead of cortisol, resulting in fewer side effects on fat cells.
A Griffith University study found that high-frequency fires can disrupt nutrient cycling and modify beetle populations in some forest ecosystems. The research aims to improve fire frequency management by understanding the effects on soil, plant, animal, and microbial communities.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic, along with the Geroscience Network, published six manuscripts mapping strategies for new drugs targeting aging processes. The goal is to treat multiple age-related diseases and disabilities, reducing healthcare costs by delaying or preventing conditions like stroke, heart disease, and dementia.
The MDI Biological Laboratory has received a $456,500 NIH grant to study chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Dr. Sandra Rieger's research will focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy and its potential applications for other sensory neuropathies.
A study of over 28,000 people reveals that individuals consistently follow a hedonic flexibility principle, engaging in mood-increasing activities when feeling bad and useful activities when feeling good. This finding clarifies how emotions shape behavior and explains the trade-offs humans make for long-term happiness.
A new study of nearly 2,000 patients found that women with a specific pattern of gene activity were three times more likely to die from their breast cancers within 10 years. The research identified two genes, F12 and STC2, which may play a key role in releasing cancer cells from the glue that holds them in place.
A recent study published in Journal of Water and Health suggests that supplemental water fluoridation may be a contributing factor to rising type 2 diabetes rates in the United States. The study used mathematical models to analyze publicly available data on fluoride water levels and diabetes incidence rates across 22 states.
A new study from Ohio State University found that patients who experience anxiety after a kidney transplant are more likely to be readmitted within 30 days. The research suggests that standardized post-transplant care and training caregivers to convey empathy can reduce anxiety and prevent readmissions.
Researchers identified a novel compound with comparable painkilling power to morphine but without respiratory suppression. The new compound's potential is enhanced by early signs of reduced addiction potential in mouse studies.
The grant will accelerate the creation of high-priority mouse models for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and other peripheral neuropathies. Researchers aim to investigate disease mechanisms and develop treatments, which currently have no cures or effective treatments.
A recent study published in Social Personality and Psychological Science found that individuals with responsive partners experience lower anxiety and arousal, leading to improved sleep quality. Responsive social partners provide feelings of safety and security, crucial for high-quality uninterrupted sleep.
According to a German study, nearly 10% of hospital patients carry multidrug-resistant bacteria from home, increasing the risk of transmission. The study highlights the importance of improving hygiene measures, reducing antibiotic use, and increasing training for doctors to prevent the spread of these deadly pathogens.
Calixarenes can amplify enzyme catalytic capacity, enabling novel therapeutics in cancer treatment. They also serve as drug delivery vehicles, refining pharmacokinetic profiles and releasing drugs selectively to cancer cells.
Researchers from 23 institutions confirm formation of the Isthmus of Panama at 2.8 million years ago, based on geological, oceanographic, genetic and ecological data. This timing has significant implications for evolutionary change, global ocean models, and the origin of modern-day animals and plants in the Americas.
Scientists identified a target that could lead to the development of new drugs targeting small cell lung cancer while sparing healthy cells. The research found that amplifying a gene's effect spurred tumor growth in mice, but blocking it suppressed tumor growth.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that few studies included men and women equally, with wide variation in inclusion and matching of the sexes among specialties and journals. This sex bias can lead to different postoperative outcomes, complication rates, and readmission rates for males and females.
Scientists develop new method to produce fruit protein brazzein, which is 2,000 times sweeter than sugar and has fewer calories. Using yeast, researchers successfully overproduce brazzein, making it a promising low-calorie alternative to high-fructose corn syrup.
A study by the University of Michigan's Kellogg Eye Center found that low-income children are less likely to be diagnosed with strabismus, a condition that can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated. The study highlights the importance of ensuring access to eye care professionals and necessary services for all children.
A team of researchers has discovered that wheat seeds also undergo photosynthesis, contrary to long-held assumptions. This finding could lead to the development of new, more efficient crop varieties better adapted to hotter, drier climates.
US soybean crop is under threat from the kudzu bug, but research has found that some wild relatives of soybeans have developed resistance to the pest. These adapted plants have built defense mechanisms against pests, including limiting the ability of nymphs to survive.
A systematic review found that music interventions significantly reduce cancer patients' anxiety, pain, and fatigue, while improving their quality of life. Music therapy led to a moderate increase in quality of life, while music medicine had less impact.
Physicist M. Cristina Marchetti is using the grant to characterize the physics of organization in nature, from flocking behavior of birds to coordinated motion of cells. She aims to provide a mathematical framework for describing aggregation of Myxococcus xanthus under starvation conditions.
Researchers found that even with the docking stations destroyed, neurons still emitted signals when demand was low and transmitted robust signals when triggers were present. The study suggests the presence of mechanisms maintaining partial communication in the nervous system.
A study suggests that ancient Teotihuacan residents bred and managed rabbits and hares for their diet, which includes human-farmed crops. This finding indicates small mammal husbandry in Mesoamerica.
Researchers at Brigham Young University found that software developers often interrupt users with security messages at inconvenient times, leading to a significant decrease in user engagement. The study suggests that displaying security warnings when users are not multitasking can substantially increase their security behavior.
A new study published in The Journal of Urology reveals that female urologists perform more procedures on women and have higher surgical volumes for gender-specific cases. This finding challenges the assumption that women prefer to see female physicians, with results showing a significant difference in treatment rates across regions.
The BARREL team launches miniature balloons to measure X-rays in Earth's atmosphere, helping protect satellites from radiation. Undergraduate students develop instruments to study ionosphere and low-frequency electromagnetic waves.
Researchers create ginger-derived nanoparticles that efficiently target the colon, reducing acute colitis, preventing chronic colitis, and enhancing intestinal repair. The particles retain key active constituents found naturally in ginger, showing promising therapeutic effects against inflammatory bowel disease and cancer.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered a new test that can detect cancerous cells in the blood, offering a promising breakthrough in diagnosing and treating childhood leukemia. The test uses special structures called extracellular vesicles that are released by cancer cells and can be traced in the blood.