A preliminary clinical trial found that an experimental antibody treatment decreased the number of cancer stem cells driving tumor growth in nearly all patients with multiple myeloma. The treatment was tested in 15 newly diagnosed patients and showed promising results, with no serious adverse side effects.
Researchers created an efficient diode-pumped eye-safe laser using GdAl3 single crystals co-doped with Er and Yb. The laser emits safe wavelengths for human eyes and has advantages in telecoms due to low atmospheric losses.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found that the modified Rankin Scale is poorly suited to evaluating neurosurgical treatment results. A one-year follow-up study revealed that 24% of patients with no complications showed decreased function on the scale, while 28% with complications received identical or better scores.
Researchers found that pollutants in seafood, including DDT and flame retardants, can interfere with the body's P-gp protein, which protects against foreign chemicals. The study suggests a risk assessment for protecting human health when eating contaminated seafood.
Scientists used NASA satellite data to study cloud cover, finding it helps identify the size and location of important animal and plant habitats. The study found that variations in cloud cover sharply delineate the boundaries of ecological biomes relevant to many unique species.
Record Balkan floods of 2014 were likely caused by the temporary slowdown of giant airstreams and planetary wave resonance. The study found that extreme rainfall events are strongly increasing in the region, even more than globally observed.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center reported encouraging correlations between immunologic biomarkers and responses to treatment with nivolumab in the first-ever phase II clinical trial for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. Five patients treated with nivolumab experienced significant tumor size reductions.
A global study reveals that despite closing the education gap with men, women still face significant barriers to accessing quality jobs and government representation. Women have reached 91% of men's education levels but only 70% of their employment rate and 25% of political representation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified molecular ties between cancer cell growth and heart cell enlargement, potentially leading to repurposed cancer treatments for heart disease. The study found that inhibiting enzymes called HDACs can blunt excess heart muscle cell growth and slow the spread of cancer.
University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers developed a biologically inspired artificial eye that can see in the dark using a lobster-inspired fish-eye design. The system improves image-taking through lenses rather than sensor components, resulting in fourfold sensitivity improvement.
The World Health Organization (WHO) commended innovative hepatitis testing projects from five countries at The International Liver Congress. These projects showcased new testing models for hepatitis in primary care, community settings, and prisons, highlighting the need to scale up hepatitis testing globally.
A Massachusetts General Hospital study confirms the safety of allergy immunotherapy with no evidence of infections related to administration. The study analyzed 10 years of data from over 135,000 patients and found no soft-tissue or systemic infections attributed to AIT.
Steve Elgar, a physical oceanographer at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, has been awarded a National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship to study surf zone processes. His research aims to develop numerical models that simulate wave dynamics and predict coastal flooding, beach erosion, and rip currents.
The American College of Cardiology published a consensus statement recommending pre-participation screenings for college athletes and establishing emergency action plans for responding to sudden cardiac arrests. The plan should include training responders, emergency communications systems, and protocols for automated external defibrill...
Scientists at Université de Genève successfully manipulate the magnetic properties of LaNiO3 and LaMnO3 oxides to create tailored materials. By controlling the interactions between these materials, they can now develop artificial structures with specific magnetic properties.
A new study reveals that women with epilepsy have a comparable likelihood of achieving pregnancy and similar time taken to get pregnant as healthy women. The study, which followed over 200 women with epilepsy and healthy controls, found no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes or fertility rates.
A new study published by the University of Sussex suggests that the world could transition away from fossil fuels in just a decade. Professor Benjamin Sovacool's analysis of past energy transitions highlights the potential for accelerated change driven by technological innovation, policy intervention, and shifting consumer behavior.
Researchers will report on newly identified gene variants that impact breast cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors treated with radiation therapy. A novel analytical approach also detected pathogenic germline mutations predisposing carriers to develop cancer.
Researchers create single-particle engine that can store and generate energy, operating at 0.3% efficiency with a power output of 10^-22 watts. The device has potential applications in quantum thermodynamics and nano engineering.
Collaborative research found that standardizing care policies for infants born with NAS reduced length of treatment by one day and length of hospitalization by two days. Simple strategies such as swaddling, soothing, and skin-to-skin contact were implemented to prevent escalation of withdrawal symptoms.
A study of 108,630 women found that living near areas with high levels of green vegetation was associated with lower mortality rates, particularly from kidney disease, respiratory disease, and cancer. The researchers attributed this to improved mental health, social engagement, physical activity, and reduced air pollution.
A new travel study by UConn faculty will gather current data on residents' travel characteristics to inform transportation infrastructure decisions. The study aims to determine the role of transit, biking, and walking in improving mobility in communities.
A Princeton graduate student has developed a program that helps stabilize fusion plasmas, reducing instabilities that decrease tokamak efficiency. The new method uses feedback from sensors for real-time control of plasma rotation and fuels fusion reactions.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center made significant progress in immunotherapy for advanced Merkel cell carcinoma, with longer response times than standard chemotherapy. Precision prevention of colorectal cancer showed that preventing diseases may not be 'one size fits all', highlighting the need for tailored approaches. Addit...
Scientists have discovered a potential method for battling obesity by stimulating brown fat in genetically predisposed mice, which may help treat metabolic syndrome and its related health issues. The study found that increasing heat production in the fatty tissue improved weight management and glucose control.
A new study found that at-home cognitive remediation training using a computer program can significantly improve cognitive test scores in people with multiple sclerosis. Participants who used the program for 12 weeks showed a 29% improvement, compared to a 15% improvement in the placebo group.
Researchers at University of California, Irvine, have found a way to reduce the aberrant accumulation of the mutant Huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease. By targeting and modulating levels of PIAS1, they showed improvement in symptoms and neuroinflammation in HD mice.
A low-fat diet for eight years improved breast cancer survival rates and reduced mortality in postmenopausal women. The study, conducted by the Women's Health Initiative, found that a sustained low-fat diet increased survival rates among women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered that oligosaccharides, not protein compounds, are key to nourishing beneficial microbes in infants' guts. These findings suggest cow's milk could be used to create therapeutic prebiotics for infants.
A team of researchers has identified the compound in mothers' milk that supplies nourishment to infants' gut microbiota. This compound can be obtained from cow's milk and may be used as a prebiotic for infants, potentially improving their formula.
MIT researchers developed a system that can quickly analyze tens of thousands of lines of code to find security flaws in popular web apps. The new debugger, called Space, evaluates data access procedures and identifies seven common ways web applications control access to data.
Patients with EGFR expressing advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer benefit most from necitumumab added to gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy. The addition of necitumumab improves overall survival and progression-free survival by 21% and 16%, respectively, in patients whose tumours express the EGFR protein.
A recent study re-affirms the use of interferon alpha as an effective treatment for patients with Hepatitis delta virus, a severe form of viral hepatitis. The research found that 35% of patients who responded to this therapy achieved sustained suppression of the virus and had favorable outcomes.
Researchers at EMBL have determined the structure of the nuclear pore complex's inner ring, a crucial component in controlling molecular traffic to the cell's nucleus. The discovery brings the nuclear pore into focus and holds potential implications for understanding its role in cancer and aging.
A graphene-based sensor and switch have been developed to detect individual CO2 molecules and VOC gas molecules, which are difficult to detect due to their low concentrations. The technology has the potential to improve air quality in homes with good insulation, reducing health problems such as sick building syndrome.
Researchers used numerical simulations to investigate the effect of red blood cell hold position on strain field during tensile testing. The results show significant variations in deformed geometry and strain distribution, highlighting the importance of considering hold position in RBC tensile test interpretation.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that guadecitabine, when combined with standard chemotherapy, is safe and may overcome resistance to irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The study showed stable disease for most patients and a partial response in one patient.
A study found that acute exenatide administration enhances glucose uptake and reduces insulin resistance in the liver and adipose tissue of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This treatment also improves glucose control in the liver and fatty cells, offering promising benefits for individuals with this condition.
Researchers from Inserm and Aix-Marseille University have confirmed that the ZIKA virus can be transmitted sexually. Genetic analysis showed a 100% correlation between the virus forms present in a man who contracted the virus in Brazil and a woman who had never traveled to an epidemic area but had sexual relations with him.
A new study suggests that improving the nutritional facts panel on food packages could lead to better consumer choices and reduced obesity rates. The research found that adding key nutrients and using a traffic light system improved consumers' ability to make informed decisions.
Tropical cyclone Fantala continues to intensify, moving westward over the South Indian Ocean. The storm's maximum sustained winds reached 100 knots on April 15, making it a Category 4 hurricane and a major threat to Mauritius.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory synthesized a stack of monolayers of two lattice-mismatched semiconductors, gallium selenide and molybdenum diselenide. The achievement demonstrates the promise of synthesizing mismatched layers to enable new families of functional two-dimensional materials.
Researchers discovered bacteria capable of using iron as an electron acceptor, enabling them to process energy and potentially leading to the origins of life. The studies also have implications for the search for life on Mars, where iron metabolism could be a crucial component.
A UC Davis study found that group symbols like logos and flags create the impression of a unified, effective, and cohesive group, even among diverse members. However, this can come at the cost of appearing less inclusive and warm. The research suggests using symbols strategically to achieve desired impressions.
Two Rotman professors, Dan Trefler and Liyan Yang, have been awarded the Bank of Canada's Fellowship and Governor's Awards respectively. The awards recognize their exceptional research contributions to macroeconomics, monetary economics, and international finance.
Two UConn projects, a light imaging system for rapid ovarian cancer detection and an artificial salivary gland for dry mouth relief, are developed with the help of the BioScience Pipeline Program. A bone scaffold system that can replace bone grafts is also being created.
A recent study analyzing 40 Zika virus strains identifies significant changes in amino acid and nucleotide sequences, diverging between Asian and African lineages. The data suggests the strains evolved from a common ancestor, with human isolates more closely related to the French Polynesia/2013 strain.
Studies demonstrate that tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is as effective and safer than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in treating chronic Hepatitis B, with fewer negative changes in bone and kidney parameters. TAF improves patient safety while sustaining efficacy in patients with chronic Hepatitis B virus infection.
UTARI researcher Endel Iarve will lead a three-year project to predict the strength and life of rotor blade assemblies using discrete damage modeling. The goal is to extend advanced computational techniques to larger aircraft structures, improving life prediction in rotorcraft structures.
Researchers found that uncontrolled fluctuations in Retinoic acid levels can lead to disruptions in brain organization during development. Identifying the protein that interacts with RA to reduce noise may improve understanding of developmental disorders and guide future studies.
A Dartmouth study finds that clear-cutting forest soils increases carbon release, contributing to climate change. Soils store up to 50% of total ecosystem carbon, and logging disrupts soil carbon dynamics.
Physicists at Cornell University have finally solved a puzzle that baffled researchers for over a century. Using computer game technology, they discovered the connection between smectics - liquid crystals forming ellipses and hyperbolas - and martensites, a crystalline structure of steel.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo developed an ultrathin, ultraflexible, protective layer that enables creation of electronic skin displays. The technology allows for wearable electronic devices to be attached to the body without damaging them.
University of Minnesota researchers record first-ever videos of heat moving through materials at the nanoscale, traveling at the speed of sound. This breakthrough could aid in designing better, more efficient materials for a wide range of applications, including personal electronics and alternative-energy technologies.
Researchers found that an investigational injectable treatment, RG-101, combined with direct-acting antivirals resulted in high virologic response rates among patients with genotype 1 and 4. The four-week treatment course showed promise in reducing Hepatitis C treatment time.
A new study found that Great Barrier Reef corals survived past bleaching events by being exposed to a gradual warming pattern. However, this protective mechanism is likely to be lost under near future climate change scenarios. The researchers recommend prioritizing conservation efforts for reefs with retained thermal protection.
A new surveillance camera algorithm can process high-resolution 4K videos in real-time, detecting faces, genders, and approximate ages. The algorithm works 10 times faster than existing ones, enabling automatic monitoring and emergency situation identification without operator attention.
A study by University of Iowa researchers found that female New Zealand freshwater snails that reproduce sexually are more resilient to parasitic worms than females that produce offspring asexually. The team tested the hypothesis in Lake Grasmere, finding that male snails were present even in areas with low parasite activity.
The new guidelines focus on customizing interventions based on local issues and resources, recommending preauthorization of broad-spectrum antibiotics, syndrome-specific interventions, and rapid diagnostic testing. This approach aims to improve patient outcomes and reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Patients with severe liver disease face increased risk of death when treated with DAAs, according to a new study. The study highlights the need for individualized discussions between healthcare professionals and patients regarding treatment options.