Tropical Cyclone Winston made landfall in eastern Fiji as a Category 5 hurricane, bringing powerful winds and heavy rainfall. The storm dropped rain at a rate of over 169 mm/hour near its center.
A new study from Newcastle University suggests that television exposure directly influences female body ideals, leading to body dissatisfaction and potential risks of eating disorders. In rural Nicaragua, participants with higher TV access preferred thinner female bodies, mirroring Western trends.
Researchers found that despite declining sulfur emissions, the acidity of sulfate particles remains unchanged in the Southeast US. The neutralizing ammonia emitted from agriculture and other sources forms an equilibrium with sulfates, reducing its ability to neutralize their acidity.
Todd Gureckis, NYU associate professor, awarded PECASE for pioneering research on human cognition and machine learning. The award recognizes his innovative work in comparing human intelligence to intelligent algorithms.
Reducing U.S. climate emissions could prevent up to 175,000 premature deaths nationwide by 2030, generating $250 billion annual health benefits. Cleaner energy policies and transportation reductions could yield significant long-term health benefits worth 5-10 times the costs.
New research reveals that Gulf of Mexico historic shipwrecks are significantly altered by oil spills, affecting microbial communities and ecosystems. The study also explores the potential for shipwrecks to monitor deep-ocean ecosystem health.
Glyptodonts likely originated less than 35 million years ago from ancestors within modern armadillo families, contradicting previous assumptions. The close relatives of glyptodonts include giant armadillos and the four-ounce pink fairy armadillo, challenging existing concepts of their distinctiveness.
A study published in the JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that PET scans did not improve two-year survival rates for lung and esophageal cancer patients. The researchers suggest potential overuse of PET scans in detecting recurrence, warranting efforts to decrease unnecessary utilization.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered a new set of rules governing the formation of materials with unusual properties, including superconductivity and superfluidity. By studying ultracold atomic interactions, they found a new type of pressure that arises from p-wave interactions.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that women undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) had better survival rates than men at one year. However, women also experienced a higher rate of vascular complications and major bleeding after the procedure.
A new interactive tool reveals distinct climate opinion patterns across Canada's provinces and ridings, with significant variations in Alberta versus Quebec. Canadians broadly agree that Earth is warming, but regional differences and demographic factors influence opinions on emissions trading systems.
The new software, SIFT 4G, accelerates genome analysis by preparing predictions at a much higher speed, reducing processing time from 25 days to just three days on a single GPU. This enables researchers to analyze genomes in five minutes, advancing science and developing technology that can benefit human health.
Pagliarini's lab focuses on understanding mitochondrial function and its link to human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and Parkinson's. His team is working to define the function of hundreds of 'orphan' proteins used by mitochondria.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University successfully controlled ultrafast motion of electrons down to three attoseconds, breaking natural obstacles and observing quantum interference. The achievement opens a new horizon for studying ultrafast processes in physics.
A new non-destructive technique using EPR oximetry measures oxygen levels in smaller 3D cell cultures, reducing oxygen concentration loss and enabling comparable results to native tissues.
A new study suggests that multinational companies have a growing responsibility to support sustainable development, driven by changing societal expectations. The research, published in the Journal of World Business, tracks changes in corporate social responsibility (CSR) over 50 years.
Researchers discovered intense deep-ocean turbulence in the equatorial Pacific that plays a crucial role in driving global ocean circulation. The study, published online in Geophysical Research Letters, suggests that this mixing can be simulated using computer models to improve future climate forecasts.
Researchers found that a longer, more intense period of rehabilitation boosts brain recovery after injury, with rats showing significant restructuring of the brain and dramatic functional recovery. The study highlights the critical role of the basal forebrain cholinergic system in rehabilitation.
Researchers found that most coral reef sharks consume small prey items, such as fish and molluscs, and often go hungry between meals. The study's findings suggest that reef sharks are opportunistic eaters, not always consuming large quantities of food.
Researchers have developed a new analytical tool that can identify 'isomers' in lipid molecules, which may lead to the early diagnosis of cancer. The method uses tandem mass spectrometry and the Paternò-Büchi reaction to pinpoint the location of double bonds in lipids.
Researchers from Scripps Research Institute have identified microRNA miR-148a as a cause of autoimmune diseases like lupus. Elevated levels of this molecule allow self-reactive immune cells to escape and attack the body's own tissues.
A study by a team of geneticists found that only 22% of Panamanian men have Y-chromosomes originating from Native American ancestors, while 60% have Eurasian origins. This suggests the Spanish conquest had a lasting impact on the region's gene pool.
Researchers at PPPL gained insights into how turbulence affects heat leakage in fusion plasmas, finding a steep density gradient reduces electron turbulence and heat loss. This could lead to more efficient fusion reactors like ITER, reducing heat leakage.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that Charlie Sheen's public disclosure of his HIV status led to a significant increase in Google searches related to the disease. The study suggests that this surge in interest may have benefited public health by raising awareness and driving people to learn more about HIV prevention.
A Rutgers University-led study published today reveals that the Earth's sea level rose by about 14 centimeters between 1900 and 2000, a substantial increase for vulnerable coastal areas. Without global warming, sea levels might have declined or risen less than half of this amount.
A new study found that atazanavir-exposed infants have lower scores for language and social-emotional development compared to unexposed infants. However, the differences are small and may not have large clinical implications. Further studies are needed to assess the persistence of these effects beyond one year of age.
A new statistical technique confirms that man-made CO2 and methane emissions cause global warming, particularly in densely populated regions. The study provides complementary support to model-based studies and highlights the need for further research on regional climate dynamics.
A meta-analysis of 19 studies found that blacks employ pain-coping strategies more frequently than whites, with blacks using praying and catastrophizing as common techniques. This study highlights the need for culturally sensitive medical care and could inform chronic pain care.
Researchers found that drivers are more than double their crash risk when engaging in distracting activities such as using a handheld cell phone or reading. The study analyzed over 1,600 verified crash events and found that being in an emotional state, traveling above the speed limit, and performance errors increase driver risk. In con...
A new methodology developed at Rice and Rutgers universities helps scientists understand how biochemical networks control biological responses. The approach predicted novel interactions in bacteria that cause tuberculosis, revealing a potential mechanism for the disease's survival.
Gynaecologists propose permitting small surgical 'nicks' or minimalist procedures that change the appearance of young women's external genitalia without harming them. This compromise approach aims to uphold cultural traditions while safeguarding girls' and women's health and wellbeing. However, some experts disagree, arguing that such ...
A randomized controlled trial found that losing just 5% of body weight significantly improves health outcomes, including insulin sensitivity and reduced risk factors for metabolic diseases. Additional weight loss further improves health benefits, but the study shows that even a small amount of weight loss has important health benefits.
A fully sequenced seagrass genome reveals insights into marine ecosystem adaptation to climate warming and salt tolerance. The study provides a valuable resource for advancing research on carbon sequestration and plant breeding.
A University of Leicester study finds that GPs and hypertension detection are associated with lower premature mortality in England. In less deprived practices, continuity of care was also linked to lower mortality rates.
Researchers developed a new model to estimate male lion mortality, providing insights into human impact on populations. The model can be applied to various species facing local extinction, enabling data-driven conservation strategies.
Researchers tracked over 300 individual Sand Tiger sharks and found complex social networks with fission-fusion behavior, similar to mammals. The study sheds light on shark interactions in the open ocean and has implications for conservation efforts.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a nearly universal scaling relationship between fracture stiffness and fluid flow, allowing for rapid and remote evaluation of fractures. This breakthrough can predict flow paths, evaluate hydraulic integrity, and monitor changes in fluid flow over time.
Scientists discovered that a wild plant from Bolivia is almost identical to the cultivated peanut species, dating back over 10,000 years. The hybridization of two wild species led to the formation of today's crop plant, with the new genome sequences providing access to 96% of all peanut genes.
Global experts celebrate a major public health achievement with the introduction of MenAfriVac®, a vaccine designed for Africa that has nearly eliminated serogroup A meningococcal disease. Over 235 million children and young adults have been immunized, reducing cases from 250,000 in 1996 to just 80 in 2015.
A new study by San Diego State University found that Charlie Sheen's HIV-positive disclosure corresponded with record highs of domestic news coverage and Google searches for information about HIV and prevention. The study suggests that celebrity disclosures like Sheen's may help generate renewed national attention for HIV and HIV preve...
Researchers at TU Wien create a photo-electrochemical cell that can store the energy of ultraviolet light even at high temperatures. The new material combines photovoltaics with electrochemistry, paving the way for large-scale industrial storage.
A study from the University of Kansas found that people who relocate frequently tend to view their relationships as disposable, leading to superficial connections. The research suggests that this mindset can negatively affect one's mental and physical health, as well as longevity.
Research reveals a direct link between economic insecurity and physical pain, with feelings of lack of control exacerbating the issue. The study found that individuals who experience financial stress report more physical pain and have reduced pain tolerance.
A large clinical trial found that a vaginal ring releasing an experimental antiretroviral drug reduced the risk of HIV infection by 27% overall and 61% among women ages 25 and older. The study's results suggest age-related disparities in protection, with younger women showing less consistent use and lower protection.
A new detection system for Android could protect smartphones from malicious content, finding that even reputable apps can lead users to websites hosting malicious ads. The team tested one million apps and found that ads asking users to download a program are the most dangerous, containing malicious software about 50% of the time.
A new Canadian guideline recommends fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) every two years or flexible sigmoidoscopy every 10 years for routine screening of colorectal cancer in asymptomatic, low-risk adults aged 50-74. The guideline also recommends against colonoscopy as a primary screening tool, citing lack of direct evidence.
Researchers estimate that 69 out of 100 male lions will die from age-independent causes, mostly killed by trophy hunters or local farmers. This puts the entire lion population at risk, disrupting social structures and leading to increased mortality rates.
Researchers developed a designer recombinase called Brec1 that can specifically remove the provirus from most primary HIV-1 isolates. The approach has shown promise as a potential new therapy for HIV, with antiviral effects without measurable cytotoxic or genotoxic side effects.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a new biological technique for hip joint replacement that uses larger, size-matched grafts with beveled edges to provide longer-lasting repair. The study shows that these larger grafts maintain joint viability and structural integrity throughout the six-month study period.
PPO herbicides show improved performance when applied at noon, outperforming early morning and late evening applications by 15-20% and 10%, respectively. This timing affects weed control in glyphosate-tolerant soybeans.
The dapivirine ring reduced the risk of HIV infection by 27 percent overall among more than 2,600 women in Africa. Women aged 25 and older saw a significant reduction in HIV risk, with some experiencing a cut in risk of over half.
Two large studies confirm the monthly vaginal ring's effectiveness in preventing HIV-1 infection in women, with a 30% overall reduction in infections. The ring's efficacy varies by age and consistent use, highlighting the need to overcome barriers to prevention for younger women.
RIT researchers are investigating properties of binary black hole mergers and inferring the rate of such mergers based on their implications for the gravitational wave background. They aim to detect a range of signals from unexplained bursts to a background 'hum' from the distant universe.
Researchers found consistent patterns in species distribution shifts within assemblages, influenced by temperature and depth. Climate change impacts vary between regions, affecting predator-prey interactions and fisheries management.
A University of Illinois study found that graphic warning labels on cigarette packs can backfire, causing smokers to feel threatened and less likely to quit. The study suggests that these labels can produce a 'boomerang effect', leading smokers to smoke more despite the warnings.
Lund University scientists discovered that malignant tumors consume more sugar than surrounding tissue, making sugar a promising non-synthetic contrast agent. The study's results suggest the potential to reduce medical care costs by replacing metal-based agents with sugar-based alternatives.
Research suggests that moderate alcohol consumption may be beneficial for cardiovascular health, with studies showing a lower risk of heart failure and acute myocardial infarction among frequent drinkers. However, high levels of alcohol consumption were associated with increased risks of other diseases and social problems.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that consuming dried plums can protect against bone loss caused by ionizing radiation. The researchers tested mice using different interventions and found that dried plum was most effective in reducing the breakdown of bone and preventing spongy bone effects.
The oldest zoological journal in Africa, African Invertebrates, has moved to Pensoft's ARPHA publishing platform for fast-track professional publication services and semantically enriched content. This move aims to ensure the journal's future relevance and growth through cutting-edge publishing tools and workflows.
A new study finds that US forests are experiencing severe drought effects, with potentially devastating consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services. The research highlights the urgent need for better understanding of forest responses to drought and climate change.