Researchers used whole-transcriptome sequencing to screen for blood-borne diseases in wild lemurs and found several strains of parasites similar to those causing Lyme disease. The approach could pave the way for earlier detection of future outbreaks of zoonotic diseases that move between animals and people.
Researchers at Dresden University Hospital have discovered a molecular signal pathway that allows stem cells and pancreatic islet cells to interpret signals in a similar manner. This finding could lead to new approaches for regenerating damaged tissue and treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes.
Studies using advanced imaging techniques reveal changes in brain and spinal cord structure and function associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Researchers believe that CNS factors contribute to the development of painful symptoms, providing new insights into the nature of DPN.
Generic drugs are increasingly inaccessible due to pharmaceutical companies' strategies to delay market entry. These tactics include pay-for-delay deals, authorized generics, and product hopping, which can lead to higher prices for patients.
Examination of fishing hooks and baits reveals conflicting impacts on sharks and rays, with some methods potentially increasing catch and injury while others help sea turtles and other species.
Researchers discovered young star populations in old globular clusters that formed from gas flowing in from outside the cluster itself. This challenge traditional understanding of star birth and highlights the complex nature of globular clusters.
Research found an association between earthworm presence and reduced abundance of certain tree species in understory of sugar maple forests. Earthworm populations are linked to soil moisture levels, affecting seed germination and plant survival.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new biodegradable material that can reduce scarring in blood vessels, potentially preventing deadly blockages. Early tests show the material can reduce cell migration by 57 percent.
Researchers have identified the cells responsible for childhood brain tumor subtype Group 4 medulloblastoma, a breakthrough that may lead to more effective treatments. By studying the epigenome, scientists found that these tumors originate from neural stem cells in the developing cerebellum.
A large study of over 6,000 Latin American women found that sedentary lifestyles are associated with severe menopause symptoms, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and obesity. Regular physical activity reduces the risk of various health problems, including breast and colon cancer, dementia, and heart disease.
The i-Motors project aims to establish universal standards for connected and autonomous vehicles, enabling the transfer and storage of data between vehicles and other machines. The initiative plans to reduce congestion, increase safety, and lower emissions through real-time updates and route planning.
A study funded by the National Science Foundation investigates whether prison visitation can reduce recidivism rates and examines gender, racial, and ethnic differences in these patterns. The research aims to provide policy recommendations for improving prison visitation practices.
Researchers developed a new approach to prioritize investigations on pharmaceutical environmental impacts. They identified 16 compounds as a potential priority, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory substances.
A new study finds that educating and involving family members in the care of a loved one with memory loss can significantly reduce hospital readmissions. The study, conducted at Henry Ford Hospital, showed a 30% decline in 30-day readmission rates for patients with congestive heart failure.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a novel quantum light source that can enable perfectly secure communication. By harnessing the quantum properties of light, they've overcome technical challenges in devices that send and receive quantum data.
A study published in Neurology found that individuals with higher BDNF protein levels had slower cognitive decline than those with lower levels. The researchers discovered a 50% reduction in cognitive decline for those in the highest 10% of protein expression compared to the lowest 10%.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that women younger than 40 who were diagnosed with melanoma had initiated indoor tanning at an earlier age and reported more frequent tanning. The study suggests that indoor tanning is a significant risk factor for developing melanoma, especially among young women.
Researchers have discovered young populations of stars within globular clusters that originated from external gas and dust, rather than internal processes. This study suggests that globular clusters can form new stars by 'adopting' stray cosmic gases, turning a complex picture into a more nuanced one.
Researchers will test peripherally-restricted cannabinoids (PRCBs) to alleviate oral cancer and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain symptoms. The five-year study aims to determine the antitumor potential of PRCBs, their effectiveness against cancer pain, and potential tolerance development.
The journal will publish evidence-based original research on the impact of biological sex on 21st century technology and human life. Topics include sex-specific differences in genomic and cellular function, synthetic biology, and technological advances.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that zinc supplementation significantly improved serum zinc concentrations and T-cell function in older adults with low zinc levels. The researchers also discovered a positive correlation between serum zinc levels and the number and effectiveness of T-cells.
Researchers found that older adults with dementia and diabetes have a significantly higher risk for death than those with just dementia. Smoking also increases mortality risk in this population. However, high blood pressure, obesity, and high cholesterol do not seem to increase the risk of death.
Children who consume unprocessed farm milk have a lower risk of developing asthma due to its higher content of omega-3 fatty acids. The study found that the protective effect is specific and can be distinguished from other factors.
A new Northwestern University and UCLA study found that young people with high neuroticism are highly likely to develop both anxiety and depression disorders. Researchers suggest a single intervention could help prevent the development of both conditions.
Researchers at Silent Spring Institute found 27 unregulated contaminants in private well water samples on Cape Cod, including pharmaceuticals and flame retardants. The study suggests that backyard septic systems are likely the source of contamination, which poses health risks to 44 million Americans relying on private wells.
A study by Stanford researchers found that just 1% of practicing physicians accounted for 32% of paid malpractice claims over a decade. Claim-prone physicians had distinctive characteristics, and their risk varied widely according to specialty and age.
Researchers found that older adults with diabetes who received structured depression care management were 53% less likely to die compared to those receiving usual care. This treatment also improved depression symptoms more effectively.
The NIHR will fund research on interventions and services to prevent and treat obesity in adults and children, building on successful programs like Football Fans in Training. The call aims to identify cost-effective practices that can help reduce the prevalence of obesity, a significant threat to public health.
Researchers found corporate philanthropy has a positive impact on employees, particularly when donations are made to big, visible targets. Coupling donations with volunteer opportunities enhances this effect. The study's findings suggest employees care about the impact of their organization's giving efforts.
Researchers from Arizona State University report on a 10-year project studying human interaction with land in the Mediterranean, finding thresholds for farming success and failure. Computer simulations help understand socio-ecological landscapes and predict future consequences.
Children born into smaller families in developing countries have a life expectancy that is three years longer than those born into larger families. This finding shows that family planning programs have real health impacts on individuals and can provide a positive healthy developmental environment.
A worldwide study led by UC San Francisco and Emory University investigators found belatacept to be a better option for kidney transplant recipients, with lower mortality and graft loss rates. The drug's long-term benefits are seen in preserving kidney function and suppressing antibodies that cause late graft loss.
Researchers at St John's College, University of Cambridge, developed a computer program that can answer the mind-bending puzzle of arranging 128 soft spheres. The solution, 10^250, vastly exceeds the total number of particles in the universe and has implications for understanding configurational entropy and its applications in physics ...
A three-year study funded by PCORI investigates the safety and patient preferences of discharge strategies after chemotherapy for children with acute myeloid leukemia. The study aims to gather data on bloodstream infections and chemotherapy delays to inform better care for these vulnerable patients.
Scientists have created engineered liver tissue that closely mimics the real thing, with a metabolic rate closer to real-life levels than existing models. The new approach successfully simulated how a real liver would react to various drug combinations.
A study published in Neurology found that people taking natalizumab for multiple sclerosis have a higher risk of developing JC virus-related infections, which can lead to fatal brain disease. Researchers monitored levels of anti-JC virus antibodies in patients treated with natalizumab and found a significant increase in risk.
Researchers create flexible, high-performance coating that replaces metal braid with carbon nanotubes, benefiting airplanes and spacecraft. The new cable reduces weight by 97%, meeting military-grade standards for shielding and strength.
The Stanford-Berkeley device is a noninvasive, wearable technology that analyzes sweat composition for continuous health monitoring. It provides insight into an individual's physiological state at molecular levels, allowing for real-time alerts on fatigue, dehydration, and other health problems.
Researchers discovered that gene versions of C4 trigger runaway synaptic pruning during adolescence, leading to fewer brain connections and higher risk of developing schizophrenia. This finding offers a new potential target for interventions and treatments.
Researchers use virtual reality to investigate how people adapt their speech in conversation, finding that language behavior is identical to dialogue with a human partner.
Current tree-ring-based climate reconstructions need improvement to account for uncertainty, suggests new research. Researchers developed a unified statistical modelling approach using Bayesian inference that simultaneously accounts for non-climatic and climatic variability.
The research team successfully cooled electrons to 3.7 millikelvin in a nanoelectronic device, breaking the previous record of 4 millikelvin. This breakthrough enables the development of new quantum technologies, including quantum computers and sensors, which require extremely low temperatures.
Researchers from Russia and Italy develop neural network based on polymeric memristors, enabling machine vision and intelligent control systems. The networks can learn and perform logical operations, offering a promising alternative to traditional computing methods.
Researchers from the University of Illinois have developed a simplified approach to fabricating flat, ultra-thin optics using plasmon-assisted etching. This technique enables simple etching without hazardous chemical agents, greatly simplifying design iteration steps and reducing workload in cleanrooms.
A recent study shows that a PET/CT scan using F-18-DCFBC is significantly more effective in detecting metastatic prostate cancer than other detection methods. The radiotracer targets prostate-specific membrane antigen, which is expressed in the majority of prostate cancers and associated with metastatic spread.
Scientists have developed a new guideline for synthesizing fullerene electron acceptors, revealing the importance of stereomeric effects on photovoltaic performance. The study investigates the impact of molecular packing and crystal structure on fullerene derivatives' efficiency.
The UPMC-developed GlioSeq test provides rapid and accurate profiling of genetic abnormalities in brain tumors, guiding treatment planning. This next-generation sequencing test identifies previously known alterations as well as new molecular markers, enabling personalized management of patients.
A multi-center clinical study funded by the National Eye Institute has shown that uncorrected farsightedness in preschool children is associated with significantly worse performance on a test of early literacy. Children with moderate hyperopia did poorly on the Test of Preschool Early Literacy, especially in print knowledge domain.
Researchers found that HIV persists in lymphoid tissue despite potent antiretroviral therapy, and that low-level replication maintains viral reservoirs. The study provides a new perspective on how to deliver drugs to effectively eradicate the virus.
A team of researchers has developed a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective method for making wrinkle-resistant cotton fabrics. The new process uses citric acid and xylitol to create textiles without the need for hazardous formaldehyde, mitigating environmental and health concerns.
A multi-tiered approach to stopping bullying is proposed, with recommendations for peers, parents, schools, and new media platforms. Peers can defend victims by sharing emotional reactions and offering support, while parents can facilitate communication about incidents through training.
Researchers have developed a flexible sensor system that measures metabolites and electrolytes in sweat, allowing for continuous non-invasive health monitoring. The device syncs data with smartphones and can alert users to health problems such as fatigue, dehydration, and high body temperatures.
A new study from the University of Cincinnati suggests that prenatal exposure to flame retardants and PFASs may have a lasting impact on executive function in children, characterized by impairments in focus, working memory, delegation of tasks, and emotional control. The research evaluated levels of PBDEs and PFASs in mothers during pr...
A new mix of materials eliminates doping, a complex process that degrades performance, to create highly efficient silicon solar cells. The new design enables the creation of high-efficiency solar cells in just seven steps.
Scientists develop a system to assemble giant molecules with 'orthogonal' ends, allowing for precise control over superstructures ranging from cubes to wheels and sandwiches. This breakthrough enables potential applications in device creation and nano-architecture design.
New research on ancient rodent Paramys reveals its brain was larger than expected but smaller in the neocortex region. This suggests that brain evolution occurred differently in early rodents compared to primates, highlighting the limitations of using brain size as a measure of intelligence.
For the first time, female Calumma vatosoa chameleons have been described using X-ray micro-computed tomography scans, shedding light on their morphology and distribution. This discovery contributes to the conservation of threatened species and expands knowledge about biodiversity in Madagascar.
Seagrasses are unique flowering plants adapted to marine life, providing insights into climate warming and carbon burial. The Zostera marina genome reveals key adaptations, including rearranged metabolic pathways and different signalling mechanisms.
A study found that male hummingbirds drive female birds away from yellow-flowered plants, while females prefer red flowers due to male aggression. This competition may lead to the evolution of multiple flower forms to suit different pollinators.
A recent perspective recommends individualized care through careful benefit-risk assessments and education to address the prescription opioid-misuse epidemic. Clinicians face challenges in managing severe chronic pain due to limited tools and reimbursement systems favoring medication-only treatment.