A comprehensive modeling study found that breast cancer screening with digital mammography poses only a small risk of radiation-induced breast cancer for most women. However, the research showed increased risk for women with large breasts or breast implants. The study suggests biennial screening from ages 50 to 74 may be the safest opt...
A recent study on the 2015 Nepal earthquake highlights the potential risks of landslides in the Pacific Northwest. The research team estimated tens of thousands of landslides, causing widespread damage and loss of life.
A new laser-based technique, LIBS, has been developed for rapid analysis of inorganic species in biomass, showing accuracy comparable to ICP-OES methods. The technique's low cost, rapid turnaround time, and minimal sample preparation make it an attractive option for biomass analysis.
Researchers have developed a technique that enables the detection of single molecules of contaminants, explosives, or diseases using a combination of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and a slippery surface. This innovation has vast applications in analytical chemistry, molecular diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and nation...
New research found that even very healthy individuals with reduced kidney function experience changes in the heart, including increased left ventricle mass and elevated troponin levels, indicating potential for heart disease. The study tracked living kidney donors to explore direct effects of diminished kidney function on the heart.
A new study found that a blood test monitoring dead cancer cell DNA is superior at tracking the severity and potential spread of metastatic melanoma. This non-invasive test detected cancer recurrence in 85% of patients, compared to 54% with the current standard test.
A recent West Coast study emphasizes the impacts of ocean acidification and low-oxygen conditions on marine organisms, highlighting serious challenges for life in these areas. The results show that multiple stressors will only increase as ocean conditions worldwide resemble those off the West Coast.
Researchers developed a device that produces tiny capsules with multiple inner ingredients, which can be triggered to mix and release toxic product only near the tumor site. The method has shown promise for increasing drug efficiency while reducing side effects in cancer treatment.
The study found that microglia, the brain's immune system, rapidly repair damage to the blood-brain barrier after breaches. This process could be impaired by certain cardiovascular drugs intended to prevent stroke-related damage.
Researchers from Zelinsky Institute examine key features of routine analytic characterization, addressing common mistakes in NMR, EI-MS, and ESI-MS measurements. The study provides concise descriptions to achieve reliable measurements in various scientific fields.
Researchers suggest GPR119 could treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, with administration of its ligand reducing hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. This discovery opens the door to developing new treatments for this increasingly prevalent disease.
A clinical trial is underway to investigate the use of cholesterol-lowering drug Simvastatin in treating Parkinson's disease. The study, funded by several organizations, aims to explore its potential neuroprotective effects and could lead to new treatments for the condition.
A study found that exposure to smoky coal causes similar gene expression patterns in buccal epithelial cells as active cigarette smokers. Researchers identified 282 genes associated with smoky coal emissions, which elicited similar physiologic effects as tobacco use.
A new technology allows for the creation of incandescent bulbs that can achieve efficiencies as high as 40 percent, outperforming current CFLs and LEDs. The breakthrough involves a two-stage process where waste heat is captured and re-emitted as visible light, resulting in a threefold improvement over traditional designs.
A kink in the regional fault line creates a ramp that raises the height of the mountains. The rupture on the fault stopped 11km below Kathmandu, indicating another major earthquake could occur within a shorter timeframe.
Research published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that non-small cell lung cancer patients with early-stage tumors had a higher rate of nodal upstaging and longer hospital stays when undergoing open chest surgery compared to video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). This study suggests that VATS may not be equivalent to open surge...
Research supports theory of kin selection, suggesting that altruistic behavior occurs to pass genes to next generation. Genes inherited from queen promote altruistic behavior in worker bees, while those from father's promote selfish behavior.
A nationwide survey of 1,000 Americans seeking depression treatment and 250 clinicians reveals a disconnect between patients' and clinicians' prioritization of information needed for treatment decisions. Patients prioritize cost and insurance information, while clinicians do not always share this priority.
Researchers at University of Southern Denmark investigate the formation and stability of flower-shaped domains in artificial cell membranes. They find that these structures form quickly but lose their shape over time.
A review of medical literature suggests that exercise alone or in combination with education may reduce the risk of low back pain. Moderate-quality evidence supports exercise combined with education as a preventive measure, reducing the risk of an episode of low back pain and sick leave.
A team of scientists from the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory developed a hierarchical cathode material with two levels of complexity, protecting reactive materials from degradation. The structure allowed lithium ions to enter the material, enabling improved high-voltage cycling behavior.
Researchers found regular physical activity significantly reduces cardiovascular consequences of depression and decreases arterial stiffening and inflammation associated with worsening depressive symptoms.
The study, funded by the National Eye Institute, identified FOXC1, TXNRD2, and ATXN2 as contributing genes to primary open-angle glaucoma. Variations in these genes may lead to reduced mitochondrial protection, increasing optic nerve cell death.
A team of Northwestern University engineers has created a new way to print three-dimensional metallic objects using rust and metal powders, expanding the types of metals, alloys, and architectures that can be additively manufactured. The method uses liquid inks and common furnaces, resulting in a cheaper, faster, and more uniform process.
Tropical Storm Pali continues to thrive in the Central Pacific Ocean, with maximum sustained winds near 60 mph. It is expected to maintain tropical storm strength until Saturday, Jan. 16, moving toward the Equator.
Researchers suggest that playing American Football may be a risk factor for hypertension due to immune system activation and inflammation caused by musculoskeletal trauma. The study also highlights the importance of excess weight as a contributing factor, particularly in linemen.
A large cohort study found proton pump inhibitors associated with a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease. The study suggests that up to 70% of PPI prescriptions may be without an appropriate indication, and discontinuing therapy without symptoms could prevent CKD in long-term users.
A systematic review of breast density studies found unreliable determinations and a significant risk of re-categorization. Supplemental diagnostic screenings for women with dense breasts may find additional cancers but also greatly increase false positive results, highlighting the need for more research on evaluation methods.
Neuroscientists argue that computers will never truly understand human communication due to lack of contextual understanding. Brain scans reveal areas of the brain where 'meeting of minds' occurs, enabling nonverbal mutual understanding.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have obtained the crystal structure of a toxin from Clostridium difficile, revealing that zinc is required to unleash its damaging effects. This discovery aids efforts to develop vaccines and other novel therapies to prevent fatal consequences of C. diff infection.
A team of MIT researchers has developed a novel way to recycle unwanted infrared light from thermal emitters like incandescent bulbs, improving their efficiency and reducing waste. The innovative design features nanophotonic structures that spectrally filter emitted light, allowing visible light to pass through.
The USPSTF recommends regular mammography screening for women aged 50-74, with a recommended frequency of every two years. Women in their 40s should make an individual decision with their doctor about starting screening, considering factors like health history and preferences. The Task Force also notes that screening is less effective ...
A new study reveals that adult retinoblastoma survivors are at higher risk of developing various medical problems, including second cancers, compared to unaffected individuals. Despite this, the majority of survivors report excellent general health and minimal long-term impact on their psychological or socio-economic outcomes.
InSilico Medicine presents recent advances in applying signaling pathway activation analysis and deep learning to drug discovery and age-related diseases. The company's mission is to extend healthy human longevity through faster and more effective diagnostics and cures.
New research in The FASEB Journal suggests that genetic polymorphisms in the one-carbon metabolic pathway combined with low vitamin B may increase risk for vision and other ocular changes during spaceflight. This study could help identify issues related to cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and other conditions.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have identified a chemical compound that blocks KMO, fueling inflammation linked to acute pancreatitis. The approach calms inflammation in the condition and protects against organ failure, offering hope for patients with life-threatening complications.
Researchers found that if groups of targeted cells are large enough, the bacterial superweapon T6S can be thwarted. This allows protected interior cells to multiply quickly and replenish the group's numbers, making it impossible for the bacteria to take over. The study provides insight into how cells withstand powerful aggressors.
Researchers found that organic products were generally rated higher than non-organic counterparts, but the interaction between the organic label and product type was complex. Organic virtue foods like strawberries were rated highly for taste, while organic vice foods like cookies were perceived as more nutritious.
The NIH has awarded funding for 24 research projects developing non-traditional antibacterials, including therapeutic bacteria and phage therapy, to combat increasing antibiotic resistance. The grants aim to provide new treatment options for deadly infections.
Researchers have identified three genetic associations that influence susceptibility to primary open angle glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness. The study found associations between TXNRD2, ATXN2, and FOXC1 genes, which may lead to the development of gene-based screening tests and therapy for glaucoma patients.
Scientists at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have discovered an enzyme that can stop the toxic effects of sugar in various organs. The enzyme, glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP), plays a central role in controlling glucose and fat utilization and has been shown to detoxify excess sugar from cells.
Scientists successfully analyzed proteins in Lewy bodies of Parkinson's disease patients, revealing β sheet structures and lipid-rich cores that may lead to understanding disease formation. This breakthrough could aid development of epoch-making treatment for the progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
Scientists have developed a new protocol to study DNA methylation and gene expression in single cells, revealing hundreds of individual associations between epigenetic regions and gene expression. This breakthrough provides insights into how pluripotency is maintained and cell differentiation is regulated.
A team of scientists used a robotic vehicle to track and image white sharks in the ocean, providing critical data for conservation efforts. The research revealed that great whites hunt seals from below, using the clear waters off Guadalupe Island to ambush their prey.
Researchers found ectoparasites on 80% of backyard chicken flocks, with lice being the most common and abundant. The study highlights the need for parasite prevention measures in backyard chicken-keeping.
A new study found that a DASH diet with higher fat content significantly lowers blood pressure and reduces triglycerides. The modified diet did not raise LDL cholesterol levels, making it a viable alternative to the traditional DASH diet.
Researchers from the Repurposing Drugs in Oncology project have found that diclofenac, a common painkiller, has significant anti-cancer properties. The study suggests that existing non-cancer drugs may represent a valuable source of novel therapies for cancer treatment.
A new study by King's College London found that measuring fetal fibronectin at 18-21 weeks of gestation offers a similar predictive value to measurements at 22-27 weeks for spontaneous preterm birth. Combining cervical length with the biomarker test improves diagnostic accuracy.
A new study found that second-generation biofuels, such as perennial grasses, can efficiently meet emission reduction goals without significantly displacing cropland used for food production. The researchers estimate that meeting the federal biofuels goal will reduce annual U.S. transportation emissions by up to 7-12%.
Researchers found that both Blacks and Whites prefer lighter-skinned candidates when the government is unstable, but show stronger interest in voting for a darker-skinned candidate when it's stable. The study used photographs of a hypothetical candidate to measure mental images and voting intentions.
Researchers found an association between weight loss and rapid disease progression in Parkinson's patients. Those who lost weight showed a greater increase in symptoms, while those who gained weight had the smallest annual increase.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a clear and compartmentalized sequence of events leading to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The study provides an early and accurate prediction tool for this aggressive cancer.
A new study reveals that soil deposits can provide a rich source of data for paleoclimatologists, providing a time resolution of thousand-year intervals and offering insights into past climate conditions. The analysis of carbonate deposits revealed a shift in precipitation patterns in North America between 70,000 to 55,000 years ago.
A new longitudinal study by University of Alberta researchers contradicts the 'mid-life crisis' theory, showing happiness rises between the teens and early 40s. The study found that people are happier in their mid-40s than they were at age 18.
A new classification of coronary congenital diseases aids in identifying secondary defects, which can severely affect cardiovascular health. The scheme helps clinicians diagnose anomalies and prevent future complications, particularly sudden death and myocardial infarction in children and competitive athletes.
A new study reveals that docetaxel retains effectiveness in patients with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with abiraterone. Following abiraterone, 40% of patients experienced a 50% reduction in prostate-specific antigen (PSA), demonstrating the activity of this drug sequencing.
A two-stage power management system developed by Georgia Tech researchers improves triboelectric generator efficiency, enabling the powering of wearable and mobile devices. The system converts fluctuating energy amplitudes to continuous direct current, increasing energy output up to 330 times.
A recent study found that chromium supplements can partially convert into a carcinogenic form when entering cells, raising concerns over their long-term use. The research suggests that exposure to high doses of chromium may increase cancer risk, particularly for individuals taking large amounts of chromium-containing supplements.
A new study found that adolescent scoliosis patients who received regular monitoring of their brace wear had less spinal progression and were less likely to require surgery. Patients who wore their braces for an average of 13.8 hours per day showed a 59% success rate in preventing curve progression.
A study found that high-achieving children who underwent adenotonsillectomy, a procedure to remove tonsils and adenoids, improved their behavior and daytime functioning. The research suggests that obstructive sleep apnea should be considered in all children, regardless of IQ level.