A new study compared four types of abdominal flaps used in breast reconstruction, revealing that muscle-sparing techniques like DIEP and msf-TRAM reduce hernia risks and improve patient satisfaction. The study found these methods to have lower rates of fat necrosis and abdominal morbidity compared to traditional flaps.
New advances in plastic and reconstructive surgery are being made possible by the integration of 3D analysis and CAD/CAM techniques. These technologies enable surgeons to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and creativity in aesthetic and craniomaxillofacial plastic surgery.
Researchers have developed a new method to determine the structures of nanocrystalline pharmaceuticals, reducing radiation damage and allowing for study at room temperature. The approach uses low-dose electron diffraction with a high-sensitivity detector, enabling the collection of high-quality data for direct crystallography methods.
A study found that over 60% of newly diagnosed men in Rhode Island who have sex with men reported meeting sexual partners online. The researchers propose partnering with companies producing hookup websites and apps to share public health messages about the risks of sexual encounters arranged online.
A new study found that doses of deltamethrin can interfere with the development of malaria parasites in mosquitoes, reducing transmission. Insecticide-treated nets remain a vital tool in preventing malaria, even in areas with resistant mosquito populations.
Researchers tested a Plasmodium vivax malaria vaccine candidate in 30 volunteers and found that it significantly delayed parasitemia in 59% of vaccinated subjects. The study also identified limitations to primaquine treatment, highlighting the need for improved vaccines.
The hospital will facilitate collaborations among researchers and make genomic data available to accelerate discovery of the genetic mechanisms of congenital heart defects. The goal is to uncover genetic mutations that affect both heart and brain development in children with severe heart defects.
Researchers found an association between high BMI and poorer performance on a test of episodic memory in young adults. The study suggests that obesity may be linked to changes in brain structure and function, potentially affecting memory and decision-making abilities.
Tropical Cyclone Yalo has weakened significantly due to strong vertical wind shear from an approaching low-pressure trough. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued their final bulletin on Feb. 26, reporting a maximum sustained wind speed of 35 knots (40 mph).
A new study uses IBEX data to determine the strength and direction of the interstellar magnetic field beyond the solar system, providing insight into the galaxy's magnetic forces. The findings are based on simulations that correctly predict the locations of neutral ribbon particles and agree with Voyager 1 measurements.
A new study published in the International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection found no evidence that the WikiLeaks list was a target list for terrorists. The study analyzed over 40,000 terrorism incidents and compared them with the facilities listed on the WikiLeaks memo.
A team of researchers from Marburg and Karlsruhe has studied the stepwise formation of metal clusters, finding that a transition metal plays a key role in cluster growth. The study provides knowledge for customized optoelectronic and magnetic properties.
Researchers at Cornell University found that fairy-wren pairs who sing duets are less likely to mate with other males, resulting in higher rates of their own genetic offspring. The strong duet-singing response also reduces cuckoldry in these pairs.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that light reflectance spectroscopy can differentiate between malignant and benign prostate tissue with 85% accuracy. This technology aims to improve surgical decision-making and reduce the amount of healthy tissue removed during prostate cancer surgery.
A team of researchers led by Prof. Nicolau has created a model bio-supercomputer that processes information quickly and accurately using parallel networks, powered by proteins present in all living cells. The device uses much less energy than traditional electronic supercomputers, making it more sustainable.
A pooled analysis of 13 studies covering 33,571 subjects found a significant association between pre-labor cesarean delivery and an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. The study suggests that the stress response in the fetus caused by labor may be involved in this correlation.
Rachel Harding, a University of Toronto researcher, is making her lab notes publicly available to accelerate research into Huntington's disease. By sharing raw data and detailed updates, she aims to speed up the process and encourage collaboration among scientists.
Scientists discovered that scale-eating cichlids gradually acquire lateralized behavior as they learn to eat scales from one side of their mouth. The study found a correlation between mouth asymmetry and the direction of attack on prey, with older fish having more skewed mouths that ate more scales.
Research shows carbon footprint labels influence consumer choice, with usage-related emissions being most important factor. Consumers value recycling and prefer manufacturers to offset emissions, rather than taking direct action.
A global study estimates that 101.2 million people suffer from moderate to severe visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive error (URE), while seven million are blind. The study, published in Optometry and Vision Science, suggests that providing access to affordable glasses could improve the burden of vision loss.
Researchers at UCSF discovered that homeless individuals aged 50+ often experience difficulties with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, and medication management. Cognitive and visual impairments are also common, with rates comparable to those of people in their 80s.
Researchers have discovered alternative protein versions, known as proteoforms, which are stable and tightly regulated, challenging the single gene-single protein theory. This study adds an extra dimension to the human protein landscape, potentially affecting gene editing techniques.
A new study published in BMJ Global Health found a 36% increase in the number of men smoking tobacco in India between 1998 and 2015. Cigarettes are replacing traditional bidis due to higher income and population growth, posing significant health risks.
Researchers identified genetic pathways exacerbating severe canine compulsive disorder in Doberman pinschers, sharing behavioral hallmarks with human OCD. The discovery could lead to better therapies for obsessive compulsive disorder in people, as serotonin receptor genes and stress tolerance loci were found to be strongly correlated.
Researchers have captured a snapshot of how coronaviruses enter cells using high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy. The atomic model suggests specific vaccine strategies against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. A fusion peptide on the outer edge of the spike protein may be an ideal target for neutralizing coronaviruses.
A study from the University of Leicester found that women who feel more at risk of crime tend to be attracted to physically dominant men. The researchers suggest that this attraction is not based on a desire for protection, but rather a psychological mechanism related to feelings of vulnerability.
Scientists at Kyushu University developed a strategy to widely vary the emission color and efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes based on exciplexes by changing the distance between key molecules. This technique could lead to new kinds of electronic devices with switching behavior or light emission that reacts to external factors.
A new study by the University of Washington found that transgender children who are socially transitioned and supported by their families have similar rates of depression and anxiety as non-transgender children. The research challenges long-held assumptions about the mental health of transgender youth.
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), that triggers hyperactivity in proteins fueling cancer growth and spread. Elevated GEF expression is associated with shorter progression-free survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have developed a new model that simulates the behavior of neurons in the brain during extreme events, such as epileptic seizures. The model reveals how small-world networks can exhibit spontaneous changes, shedding light on the conditions under which these events develop.
Researchers develop integrase-defective lentiviral vector to deliver chemotherapy-sensitizing gene to pancreatic tumor cells, reducing risk of insertional mutagenesis. The system enables high efficacy delivery of the gene that encodes for DCK protein to cancer cells, making them more sensitive to chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine.
Researchers have found a way to activate natural killer cells, which hunt and destroy cancer cells, by targeting the 'switch' protein ID2. This discovery could lead to new treatments for breast, colon, and melanoma cancers.
Researchers at KAIST developed K-Glass 3, a smart glasses device with a low-power multicore processor enabling convenient typing and screen pointing. The device features stereo vision and deep-learning algorithms, allowing users to enjoy enhanced AR experiences.
A Phase 2 study demonstrated the safety of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating mild Alzheimer's disease. No adverse effects were reported, but the next step is evaluating efficacy and longer-term safety in a larger patient population.
Researchers at St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center found that a standard front-line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer should involve every three week chemotherapy with carboplatin, paclitaxel plus bevacizumab, or weekly dose intense paclitaxel without bevacizumab
Fiona Watt receives the 2016 FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award for uncovering mechanisms controlling mammalian epidermal stem cell renewal and differentiation. Her work also investigates the role of inflammation, physical forces, and epigenetics in skin stem cell behavior.
Researchers at Saarland University are developing a new approach to prevent programming errors in web browsers, focusing on the Rust programming language. The team aims to eliminate remaining security vulnerabilities through mathematical correctness proofs, with funding from the European Research Council.
A novel therapeutic approach has been developed to target the monomeric Tau protein, reducing its misfolding and aggregation that leads to Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. The study identified small molecule drug candidates capable of maintaining native function and preventing disease onset.
PharmaMar has initiated a Phase II clinical trial for its antitumor drug PM184, targeting hormone-receptor positive and HER2-negative breast cancer patients. The trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of PM184 on four-month progression-free survival and assess safety and pharmacological profiles.
The Zika virus has been linked to neurological diseases, with estimated 1.5 million cases reported so far. Researchers are urging a rigorous approach to understanding the effects of the virus and developing treatment measures.
A team of Danish investigators has created a modeling system that actually mimics indoor fungal aerosols, studying the impact of residential mold on human health. The system, published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology, contains at least eleven species of fungus associated with water damage, found in both Danish and US buildings.
Scientists have identified a protein crucial to assembling the photosynthetic apparatus, which protects it from oxygen's disruptive effects. This discovery sheds light on the early history of photosynthesis and its adaptation to changing atmospheric conditions.
Researchers develop new parallel-computing method using nanofabricated channels explored by protein filaments propelled by molecular motors, solving combinatorial problems in a dramatic improvement over conventional computers. The approach is fully scalable with existing technologies and uses orders of magnitude less energy.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that combining radiotherapy with the drug panobinostat improved progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with high-grade gliomas. The study, published online ahead of print in the Journal of Neuro-Oncology, offers promise for a new treatment approach.
The h-index is a widely used measure, but it has significant limitations, including being skewed by specific fields and failing to account for impact beyond the scientific community. Researchers should consider alternative metrics like altmetrics to gain a more complete understanding of a researcher's influence.
Researchers found that Porphyromonas gingivalis is present in 61% of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a type of esophageal cancer. The bacteria was only detected in 12% of tissues adjacent to the cancerous cells, suggesting it may be a risk factor for ESCC.
Researchers will work on two programmes: Nano-Engineered Flow Technologies and MISTRAL, aiming to improve infrastructure design and modeling at the nanoscale. The projects will focus on enhancing fuel efficiency, cooling electronics, and developing visionary technologies.
Demirel is using proteins to coat biomedical swabs, enabling gene analysis from tiny amounts of blood or biological samples. The project has market potential in forensics, genetics and medicine industries.
Researchers have identified the three-dimensional structure of a hantavirus protein, providing a promising model for developing drugs against the disease. The protein's circular complexes may play a role in inhibiting viral growth, making it an ideal target for future treatments.
Researchers at Northwestern University have designed a way to prevent protein unfolding under mechanical stress, which causes devastating neurodegenerative diseases. By attaching polymers to proteins, they can stabilize their shape and prevent them from unfolding even when subjected to large forces.
Scientists at Disney Research developed an automated approach to generating life-like character motions, easing game designers' workload and providing instant feedback. The system seamlessly integrates into existing pipelines to produce virtual characters that can autonomously reason about their environments.
A University of Texas at Arlington engineer is developing a computational model to measure how and when battlefield blasts can cause devastating damage to neurons in the brain. The research aims to quantify the effects of blasts on brain cells, providing new insight into brain injuries caused by combat scenarios.
Researchers at the University of Surrey have developed a new graphene material with enhanced light absorption, enabling applications such as 'smart wallpaper' that can generate electricity from waste light or heat. The technology uses nanotexturing to localise light into narrow spaces, increasing light absorption by 90%.
Researchers from HRL Laboratories used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve pilot learning in a realistic flight simulator. The study found that subjects who received tDCS showed improved piloting abilities, with enhanced skill retention and faster learning rates.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new approach to making solar cells, resulting in the thinnest and lightest complete solar cells ever made. The new process enables the creation of ultra-thin, flexible solar cells that can be integrated into various materials or surfaces, opening up new possibilities for portable electronic devices.
A UCLA psychology study concludes that many people oppose same-sex marriage due to perceived promiscuity among gay individuals, threatening their own marriages and way of life. The researchers measured attitudes and found a strong association between gay couples and the concept of promiscuity.
Researchers have identified an effective and safe treatment for Huntington's disease, using IONIS-HTTRx to inhibit huntingtin protein production. The drug has shown promising results in mice and monkeys, with motor skill improvements and reduced cortical huntingtin levels.