Researchers are collecting measurements of plant mass, tree distribution and diversity of species from Gabon's rainforest, wetlands and savanna. The data will help prepare for upcoming spaceborne missions to better gauge the role of forests in Earth's carbon cycle.
A research team at the University of Tokyo has identified an enzyme called Trimmer, which trims the tails of small RNAs called piRNAs. This process helps regulate jumping genes, or transposons, that can disrupt host genes and contribute to diseases like cancer.
Researchers detect cryptochrome 1 in photoreceptors of dog-like carnivores and primates, hinting at a magnetic sense linked to the visual system. The molecule's presence suggests that these animals may use it to perceive the Earth's magnetic field.
Research identifies distinct geographical patterns of fatal unintentional firearm injuries in seven Appalachian states with lax child access laws. Five Western coastal states show high rates of 'legal intervention' deaths due to police actions or officer fatalities.
Rutgers University students Jason Kim and Professor Howon Lee created 3D Braille maps for the Joseph Kohn Training Center using a high-tech 3D printer. The goal is to help blind and visually impaired individuals navigate their surroundings with ease.
Sub-tropical Storm Winston was weakening in the South Pacific when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite passed over it on Feb. 25. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued its final bulletin, stating that Winston was threatening Norfolk Island with tropical-storm-force winds.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) will lead the Direct Volunteers Pilot Studies under the first grant awarded in the federal Precision Medicine Initiative Cohort Program. The program aims to engage 1 million or more U.S. volunteers, providing a platform for expanding precision medicine approaches.
Researchers have discovered graphene's exceptional lubricity, which could drastically reduce energy loss in machines when used as a coating. The material's ability to slide smoothly across gold surfaces has significant implications for improving energy efficiency and extending equipment lifespan.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified ARGK-1 as a protein that can extend the natural lifespan of C. elegans by increasing energy regulation within cells. This finding may lead to new avenues for delaying human age-related diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
A single monoclonal antibody isolated from a human Ebola survivor has been shown to completely protect monkeys from lethal infection with the virus. The antibody, known as mAb114, was effective even when given five days after exposure, suggesting it could be used as a potential treatment for human cases.
Researchers studied brain activity in patients with severe epilepsy while navigating virtual landscapes on a computer screen. The results show that brain oscillations are driven entirely by internal processes, carrying information about speed and distance travelled during teleportation.
Researchers found bacteria can recognize and disrupt viruses using a novel RNA-based defense mechanism. This discovery could lead to improved ways to prevent crop diseases and dairy industry infections, and may inspire new gene-editing techniques.
Researchers used advanced calcium imaging to monitor neural activity in zebrafish brains, showing the tectum responds to multiple stimuli like sight, sound, and water flow. This discovery suggests a unified sensory view for both humans and fish, improving understanding of human sensory perception.
Researchers at University of Notre Dame develop new triple combination formulation to deliver HDACi across blood-brain barrier, improving brain function and prolonging mouse survival. The finding suggests potential therapy for NPC and other neurological diseases.
Researchers compared human male- and female-line genealogies with those of our closest animal relatives. Human 'Adam' is about 200,000 years old, while chimpanzee 'Adam' is over 1 million years old.
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified a significant decrease in mitochondrial complex II activity with age in human skin cells, offering a new pathway for anti-aging treatments. The discovery may also lead to a greater understanding of other organs' aging processes and potential drug developments for age-related diseases.
The ORFeome Collaboration has created a comprehensive library of open-reading frames, comprising 17,154 clones that code for full-length proteins. This resource allows researchers to express virtually any cell protein, enabling large-scale mapping of protein-protein interactions and functional screening.
A new study estimates methane leak rates from a 2015 California well blowout, which temporarily doubled Los Angeles' combined emissions. The research used airborne and surface measurements to quantify gas releases, highlighting the impact of single infrastructure vulnerabilities on climate policies.
A recent study by Hiroshima University has identified a key protein responsible for burning excess energy in the body, UCP1, found in brown fat cells. Increasing UCP1 levels can lead to a higher metabolism and less weight gain.
Pittsburgh researchers utilize enzymes to trigger mechanical movement in fluidic devices, showcasing a novel approach for self-powered systems. The studies reveal complex, time-dependent flows driven by simple enzymatic reactions.
Researchers used X-ray micro-computed tomography to study the microstructure of fried potato disks and observed how oil content and pathway networks change with frying time. The findings can be applied to other fried foods, revealing a correlation between pore size and oil uptake.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that giving people time to learn what's possible to ignore improves visual search performance. Participants who were told to ignore distracting colors on a computer screen found the target letters faster and more efficiently over time.
ESTEVE has developed two new investigational gene therapies, EGT-201 and EGT-301, to treat Sanfilippo B syndrome and Hunter syndrome. The treatments join a promising gene therapy platform aimed at restoring enzyme function in patients with severe and debilitating rare diseases.
A Penn study found that using machine learning forecasts at arraignments can dramatically reduce subsequent domestic violence arrests. Machine learning analyzes data points like age, gender, and prior warrants to determine risk, offering extra information to courts.
A study by Penn State and Columbia University found that individuals who experience more negative emotions and perceive stressful events as more stressful have lower heart rate variability, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This suggests that reaction to stress is more important than its frequency in determining health risks.
Researchers develop new method to visualize intrathecal drug delivery using SPECT-CT imaging, revealing dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid movement and injection location. This technique may help optimize therapeutic options for neurological disorders.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a technology that accelerates scarring and prevents bacterial growth, aiming to reduce the death rate among victims of serious burns. The new bandage combines biological bandages with dendrimers to destroy microbes and prevent infections.
A recent study identified transthyretin (TTR) as an antigen that stimulates B and T cell immune responses in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Elevated levels of TTR in synovial joint fluid were found in some patients, leading to increased TTR autoantibodies.
A new study suggests that individual differences in brain structure and function affect both anatomical and cognitive factors, such as intelligence and memory. The researchers identified four unique traits that explained most of the differences in brain anatomy, with the remaining differences accounting for individual differences in in...
Researchers recommend reducing water usage for agriculture, using less road salt, and routing urban salt discharges to minimize freshwater damage. High salt levels can be toxic to aquatic organisms and kill fish and other food sources.
The University of Kentucky researcher has helped draft a comprehensive position paper on nutrition and athletic performance, synthesizing over eight years of research to provide evidence-based recommendations for athletes. The paper emphasizes the need for individualized nutrition plans that account for various factors affecting athlet...
Researchers at Einstein College of Medicine have identified a human protein called transthyretin (TTR) that causes an autoimmune reaction in the joints of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) patients. Tafamidis, a drug targeting TTR, may be a potential treatment for JIA.
Researchers used 3D microscopic imaging to reconstruct the diets of medieval children, discovering differences in poor and wealthy families. The technique, dental microwear texture analysis, measures changes in tooth surface topography, offering a new way to access dietary information.
Research published in Injury Prevention found that paid family leave in California is associated with a lower rate of children's admission for head injury, including cases of deliberate inflicted trauma. The study suggests that this policy may have positive effects on reducing childhood abuse admissions.
A new NASA visualization reveals an unusual 2015 El Niño pattern, with warmer sea surface temperatures across the Pacific and Atlantic. This differs from the stronger Eastern Pacific pattern seen in the 1997-1998 event.
Research suggests that long-term high-intensity exercise may lead to permanent structural changes in the heart, increasing the risk of arrhythmias. A review by sports cardiologist André La Gerche argues that large prospective studies are needed to fully understand the effects of intense exercise on heart health.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a new group of catalysts that can produce hydrogen peroxide on-demand in a simple one-step process, opening up possibilities for manufacturing the chemical in remote areas. The production of hydrogen peroxide is essential for water purification and could significantly reduce costs.
A recent study has discovered an intermediate gut microbiome from the Central African Republic's Bantu community, which incorporates some westernized lifestyle practices. The discovery sheds light on what factors may drive our microbiome differences, linked to metabolic disorders in Western populations.
A single monoclonal antibody isolated from an Ebola survivor protected non-human primates even after lethal infection, offering hope for a potential treatment. The findings suggest a novel site of vulnerability on the Ebola virus and may lead to effective therapy.
Scientists have discovered a way to specifically target and inhibit the most harmful behavior of the amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease. This new therapeutic strategy could potentially treat AD without causing major side effects.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the German Cancer Research Center have identified four new subtypes of a rare childhood brain tumor using molecular techniques. This discovery is expected to improve diagnosis accuracy and treatment options for these hard-to-treat cancers.
A study reveals a deep indigenous genetic history tracing back to the initial settlement of Australia 50 thousand years ago, challenging previous theories about an influx of people from India. The findings show a long and independent genetic history in Australia.
Researchers developed a new screening protocol to detect human polyomaviruses in tumor samples, but found no association with various types of cancer. The technique will aid in studying diseases linked to polyomaviruses, such as Merkel cell carcinoma caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus.
Researchers at Columbia University are reengineering and simplifying music to make it more enjoyable for listeners with cochlear implants. By analyzing which parts of music are most important for listener enjoyment, they aim to develop software that can take original pieces and reconfigure them or allow users to engineer their own music.
Researchers from Colorado State University have discovered a potential diagnostic tool for dengue fever by analyzing metabolomic profiles in patient serum. The study found that distinct metabolic clusters were associated with different disease outcomes, including the progression to hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.
Researchers discovered that saposin B binds to the anti-malarial drug chloroquine, potentially leading to toxicity due to prolonged binding instead of removing damaged lipids. This finding opens up new avenues for investigating saposin B's role in other conditions, such as lysosomal storage diseases.
Research breakthrough reveals pancreatic tumours often lose miR-137 expression, triggering uncontrolled cell growth and cancer. Restoring normal miR-137 levels induces senescence and stops cells from spreading.
Kyoto University engineers have developed genetically modified E. coli that produce thebaine, a morphine precursor, 300 times more efficiently than yeast. This breakthrough could lead to the production of painkillers from microbes with low regulatory risk.
Researchers used fluorescent false neurotransmitter 200 to observe synaptic activity in mice, revealing that only a small number of synapses may be active at any given time. This discovery could help understand how brain signals are transmitted and potentially shed light on brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease.
A new study reveals that leaf quality, rather than leaf abundance, plays a crucial role in forest carbon cycles. The research finds that varying leaf quality can explain twice as much seasonal variation in ecosystem productivity as leaf quantity alone.
Researchers found that flowers with imperfect iridescence are easier for bees to spot than those with perfect iridescence, which can confuse bees' color recognition. This subtle signal allows flowers to communicate with bees without interfering with their ability to distinguish between colors.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center develop adaptive therapy to keep resistant cells in check, prolonging survival without disease progression in mouse models of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancer. The approach is being tested in a clinical trial for prostate cancer patients.
Researchers found that physical strength is a key attribute in judging leadership potential, with strong men perceived as better leaders and having higher status. This effect does not depend on physical attractiveness, and even manipulating body size and height had no impact on participants' ratings.
A new study by Stanford bioengineers and physicians finds that measuring the rigidity of an hour-old fertilized egg can predict its viability more accurately than current methods. The technique, published in Nature Communications, could improve the success rate of single-egg IVF and ultimately benefit both mothers and babies.
A new study by MIT economist Christopher Knittel suggests that technology-driven cost reductions in fossil fuels will lead to continued use of oil, gas, and coal unless governments pass new taxes on carbon emissions. Burning all available fossil fuels could raise global average temperatures by 10-15 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.
A study by UTMB found that APPs prescribed short-acting inhalers and consulted with pulmonary specialists more often, leading to lower ER visits for COPD and higher follow-up rates. However, they had lower vaccination rates and less frequent clinic visits after hospitalization compared to physicians.
Researchers from eight European countries have mapped the abundance and diversity of earthworms across the continent, highlighting their crucial role in soil health. The study's findings emphasize the need for further data collection to validate the results and improve monitoring.
A recent study by the American Academy of Neurology has found that most Ebola survivors experienced brain symptoms six months after their initial infection. The study, which followed 82 Ebola survivors from Liberia, revealed common neurological problems such as weakness, headache, memory loss, and depressed mood.
Research identifies cellular stress-sensors proteins that favor viral lytic gene expression and cell cycle arrest. The study provides insight into the link between stress responses, cell cycle regulation and virus reactivation in oncogenic herpesviruses.
The Zika epidemic underscores the importance of prioritizing vaccine development for pregnant women, who face specific challenges in clinical trials and labeling guidelines. Researchers highlight the need for a pregnancy-specific ethical framework, standardized measurement of outcomes, and more baseline data to optimize vaccine safety ...