A telephone CPR program was associated with improved cardiac arrest outcomes, including increased bystander CPR rates and reduced time to first chest compression. The study found a significant increase in survival rates and favorable functional outcomes for patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.
A study by Helmholtz Munich researchers found that viral respiratory tract disorders during the first six months of life significantly increase the risk of children developing type 1 diabetes. The infection localization and timing were key factors in determining the increased risk.
Researchers developed a new technique to selectively stiffen corneal tissue using two-photon absorption, enabling precise crosslinking without damaging the innermost layer. This approach has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for keratoconus patients and may also be useful for tissue engineering applications.
Researchers at Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute have catalogued over 130 human intestine bacteria, enabling them to study the microbiome's role in health and disease. The discoveries hold promise for creating tailored treatments with specific beneficial bacteria.
Websites geared towards more educated groups struggle to communicate with the general population. Nonprofit, academic, and government websites have higher accuracy but are harder to read. Healthcare professionals should actively evaluate online resources for their patients.
Loyola researchers identified a tumor gene that predicts survival outcomes in mouth and tongue cancer patients. The spectrin gene is expressed in 4.6 times more likely to die, requiring more aggressive treatment.
A comparative analysis of three shark species in the Virgin Islands reveals distinct use patterns in deeper coral reefs. Lemon sharks show increased activity near group spawning aggregations, suggesting a link between fish prey location and shark movements.
Research at University of Kent found that drinking alcohol makes people happier in the short term, but does not increase overall life satisfaction. The study used iPhone-based app and traditional cohort study to analyze relationships between drinking habits and happiness.
A small study by University of Florida researchers suggests that as we age, we may become more sensitive to pain and experience a quicker and higher magnitude inflammation. This could predispose older adults to chronic pain, making anti-inflammatory medication an early treatment option.
Researchers found that humans consume 400 more calories daily than chimpanzees and bonobos, and 635 more calories than gorillas and orangutans. This higher metabolism supports having larger brains and longer lifespans.
Scientists discover that temperature inversions and low-level atmospheric phenomena isolate the ice surface from the atmosphere, recycling water vapor and halting loss or gain of ice. This process, known as boundary-layer recycling, occurs in the center of Greenland's ice sheet and is surprisingly efficient.
Consuming a high-fructose diet during pregnancy may cause defects in the placenta and restrict fetal growth, potentially increasing a baby's risk for metabolic health problems later in life. However, administering allopurinol, a common drug prescribed to treat gout and kidney stones, appears to mitigate these negative effects.
Researchers developed a supervised autonomous robot that excelled in open bowel surgery on pigs, potentially reducing complications and improving surgical outcomes. With further development, autonomous robotic surgery may take human error out of the operating room, benefiting patients undergoing soft tissue surgeries.
A new study has demonstrated the safety and feasibility of robotically assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with complex coronary lesions. Similar clinical outcomes were achieved compared to manual PCI procedures, with no increase in resource utilization or patient radiation exposure reported.
A comprehensive analysis of leopards' status reveals that the species has lost approximately 75 percent of its historic range, from around 35 million square kilometers to 8.5 million square kilometers. This decline is primarily due to habitat loss and human activities such as farming, livestock grazing, and poaching.
A recent study analyzed genome-wide data from 51 ancient Eurasians, providing insights into the genetic history of modern humans in Eurasia before agriculture began. The findings indicate a decrease in Neandertal ancestry and suggest natural selection against certain variants.
Research analyzed newspaper articles from 2010 to 2015, finding that social embarrassment due to gout was reported in 23.7% of articles and jokes about gout were featured in 26.3%. Effective medication was underemphasized compared to dietary solutions. The study highlights the potential consequences of stigmatizing people with gout.
Researchers found that Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes are less able to transmit Zika virus, with fewer viral particles in their bodies and saliva. The approach is a sustainable control agent, piloted to combat Dengue virus transmission and potentially helping tackle the Zika epidemic.
A new study from the University of Missouri reveals that the relationship between a child and stepgrandparent is influenced by cultural stereotypes, parental relationships, and family norms. In cases where parents facilitate bonding between stepgrands and children, kinship in the family is stronger.
Researchers at Umeå University have discovered that aggregated SOD1 protein in motor neurons causes rapid spread of ALS in mice. The study suggests a domino effect that spreads the disease up the spinal cord, mirroring human cases with hereditary traits for ALS.
Patients with compensated HCV cirrhosis who respond to antiviral therapies have similar survival rates as the general population, according to a new study. The study found that treatment should be given as early as possible to achieve maximum benefit.
A comprehensive assessment of dengue fever's economic impact found the global cost to be substantial at $8.9 billion annually, exceeding several other major infectious diseases. The study provides valuable insights for governments and donors in making informed decisions about dengue programs.
A new study suggests that removing the ovaries may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in women. Among 195,973 Swedish women who underwent ovary removal between 1965 and 2011, a 30% higher rate of colorectal cancer was found compared to the general population. The risk was even higher for women who had both ovaries removed.
Researchers discovered an evolutionary link between dinosaurs and dung beetles, with the first molecular evidence indicating their origins in the Lower Cretaceous period. The study suggests that the incorporation of flowering plants in dinosaurs' diet led to a new niche for evolution.
Most anesthesia providers recognize the potential benefits of acupuncture on acute postoperative and chronic pain, as well as reducing anxiety. The majority express interest in acupuncture/acupressure education, suggesting a strong argument for incorporating alternative medicine into anesthesia curricula.
A simple 20-second arm test has been developed to rapidly and accurately identify physiological frailty in older adults, using wearable technology. The test showed high agreement with the gold standard frailty index, making it a valuable tool for surgeons to assess risk of postoperative complications.
A University of Arizona study found that implementing a Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (TCPR) program significantly increases survival rates and favorable outcomes for patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. The program, which includes guidelines-based protocols, TCPR training, and quality improvement, result...
The new technique could lead to more precise dosing of drugs in intensive care units, where up to two-thirds of patients experience serious kidney injury. By simulating the flow of medication through human kidneys, researchers can test medications and determine safe doses more accurately.
A national hospital system reduced bleeding events by 40% for PCI patients using a risk-directed approach and the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's bleeding risk calculator. This resulted in significant cost savings, with estimated reductions of approximately $1 million.
Assistant Professor Kathryn Schumaker at the University of Oklahoma has been awarded a National Academy of Education fellowship to support her book project on Civil Rights at the Schoolhouse Gate. The $70,000 fellowship will help fund her research expenses and salary during the academic year.
Current UK surrogacy laws fail to protect the best interests of children born to surrogates, families created through surrogacy, and surrogates themselves. Dr Kirsty Horsey examines high-profile cases in her article to illustrate how the law is out of date and becoming nonsensical.
A new study finds that walking and cycling have significant health benefits, outweighing the risks of air pollution, even in cities with high levels of pollution. The research suggests that only a small minority of workers in extremely polluted cities may be at risk due to prolonged exposure.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute discover how an immune system molecule affects the brain, leading to reduced appetite in cancer and other disease patients. The discovery points to potential targets for treating loss of appetite and supporting weight gain.
Researchers found that women who experienced sexual assault had higher rates of diseases like circulatory and respiratory issues, epilepsy, and liver disease before and after the assault. The study also showed increased visits to general practitioners for exposed women.
Researchers found that human coronary artery endothelial cells showed a reduced stress response to e-cigarette aerosol compared to conventional cigarette smoke. This suggests that switching from traditional cigarettes to e-cigarettes may lead to reduced immediate harm for tobacco smokers.
A computational model suggests that focusing on longer-term happiness and being less envious of others can lead to increased evolutionary fitness. Researchers found that agents with positive outlooks were more successful in simulations, even when food was scarce or abundant.
A team of researchers has identified a ketamine metabolite that quickly reverses depression in mice without ketamine's major side effects. The study suggests that this compound may work by activating AMPA receptors, potentially opening up new vistas for the development of safer antidepressant treatments.
Researchers propose that large meteorite and comet impacts into the sea created structures with favourable conditions for life. Water interacting with impact-heated rock enabled synthesis of complex organic molecules, and the enclosed crater provided a microhabitat for life to flourish.
A new study by TUM researchers has identified singlet oxygen as a potential culprit behind the short battery life of lithium air batteries. The highly reactive substance is created when the batteries are charged, corroding surrounding material and decomposing electrolytic fluid.
Researchers developed gel nano-capsules that can release medicine in response to temperature changes, improving the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. The innovation overcomes existing challenges, such as aggregation and electrostatic interactions.
Concordia University researchers found that common security programs lower browser security and introduce vulnerabilities, posing a risk to online computing. They advise users to keep their browser and operating system up-to-date and consider alternative parental control apps.
The SCAI 2016 Mullins Lecture by Andrew Redington discusses breakthrough advances in cath lab treatments for the failing subpulmonary right ventricle. The lecture highlights the tremendous opportunity for interventional cardiologists to develop new treatment options for their patients.
The Venus flytrap's carnivorous lifestyle is built on herbivore defense strategies, utilizing sensory hairs to capture prey. The plant's genes show a mix of leaf and root characteristics, with glands that supply digestive enzymes and nutrients.
Scientists have developed a novel technique to study human embryo implantation, allowing for the first time to observe molecular and cellular processes up to day 14 after fertilization. This breakthrough expands understanding of human development and may shed light on early miscarriages and infertility causes.
The specialty medical home approach aims to provide comprehensive, cost-effective care for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. This model focuses on patient-centered care, social support, and mental health, addressing high rates of emotional difficulties and poor social support experienced by these patients.
Researchers found that a chemical byproduct of ketamine metabolism is responsible for its rapid antidepressant action, unlike the anesthetic and dissociative effects. This discovery holds promise for developing more robust and safer treatments for depression.
A large study published in The BMJ found that people with a heavy body shape from childhood to middle age have the highest mortality rate. Those who remained lean throughout life had the lowest mortality risk, with a 15-year risk of death being 11.8% in women and 20.3% in men.
Researchers at Lund University found that long-eared bats use their large ears and body shape to generate lift, challenging previous assumptions about flying animals. This discovery could lead to new aerodynamic control mechanisms for drones.
Scientists at the University of Bristol have developed a novel way to produce new antibiotics, increasing production by over 2,000 per cent. This breakthrough could lead to cost-effective treatments for resistant strains of tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus.
A North Carolina State University study surveyed elementary students' priorities for wildlife conservation, finding that children's choices mirrored those of conservation biologists. Students prioritized species with rapid population declines and those important in nature over other attributes.
A study found that human responses and statistical calculations align in making decisions, indicating an objective calculation of confidence. The model suggests that the brain produces feelings of confidence inform decisions like computers pull patterns from data.
Researchers at Oregon State University have created a new technology to induce and control boiling bubble formation. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency of steam boilers in large electric generating facilities. The approach uses piezoelectric inkjet printing and zinc oxide nanostructures to precisely control bub...
The study found a significant increase in obesity rates from 1999 to 2014, with no decline in any age group, despite clinical and policy efforts targeting the issue. The data suggests that more than 4.5 million US children and adolescents have severe obesity.
Researchers discovered unique starspots on nearby star Zeta Andromedae, differing significantly from the Sun's spots. The findings offer a rare glimpse into the Sun's infancy and challenge current theories about star magnetic fields.
A leading public health expert argues that the NHS is safer within the European Union due to international trade agreements protecting public services. The UK's withdrawal from the EU threatens the NHS more than the EU itself, according to Professor Martin McKee.
Astrophysicists have observed a distant star in Andromeda with a different positioning of sunspots, indicating a magnetic field driven by unique internal dynamics. The star's rapid rotation creates a powerful magnetic field, resulting in asymmetrical distribution of sunspots on its surface.
Researchers studied how tree crickets adjust their ears to match the changing frequency of their song with rising temperatures. By analyzing nerve cell reactions and ear vibrations, they found that tree cricket ears can adapt at a cellular level to recognize specific frequencies.
A CU Anschutz study finds that breast milk hormones impact the development of healthy bacteria in infants' guts, potentially protecting them from intestinal inflammation, obesity, and diseases. Researchers found a positive association between insulin, leptin, and microbial diversity in the infant's stool.
A new study suggests a genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and autism, adding to the growing understanding that many psychiatric diseases share common roots. The research identified 84 rare genetic variations linked to bipolar disorder that were also associated with schizophrenia and autism.
A new study has found that certain sugars produced by the body play a crucial role in the development of colitis and colon cancer. The researchers genetically modified mice to lack these sugars, revealing that their mucous layer vanished and they developed colitis and a form of colon cancer.