Huntington's disease, a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the loss of medium spiny neurons and motor control problems. A new award will support research to develop a stem cell-based therapy that swaps sick brain cells for healthy ones.
Researchers at UVA have created a new imaging method that combines the advantages of MRI and gamma-ray imaging, enabling high-resolution medical diagnostics with minimal tracer material. The technique uses radioactive xenon isotopes to produce images with increased sensitivity and diagnostic power.
Researchers at Rice University have received a $2 million NIH grant to create a library of programmed bacteria that can produce therapeutic drugs on-site in response to dietary triggers. The project aims to advance the development of a biological control system for safely and effectively turning bacteria on and off.
Researchers developed a fractional order model to estimate Lithium-ion battery charge, reducing errors of up to 1% compared to traditional methods. The model replicated the battery's performance and provided accurate results, promising to reduce drivers' anxiety on the road.
A recent study by University of Tennessee professors found that most consumers skim over risk warnings on drug websites, ignoring important information about potential side effects. The researchers suggest presenting risks before benefits and highlighting unique risks with graphics to increase attention.
A new study published in Nature reveals that the visual cortex is involved in promoting plasticity of innate eye movements. Researchers used optogenetics to silence the visual cortex and observed a significant reduction in the activity of the optokinetic reflex, suggesting its role in mediating plasticity between the two reflexes.
Typhoon Songda transforms into an extra-tropical storm with a ragged eye, 23 nautical miles wide, and winds near 120.8 mph as it moves through the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The storm's energy source shifts from latent heat to baroclinic processes.
A study of over 1.2 million UK women found that lower education levels and living in deprived areas increased the risk of coronary heart disease due to smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Lifestyle factors accounted for most of the social inequalities in heart disease risk, with smoking being the most significant factor.
The US Food and Drug Administration is making surprise visits to heparin plants in China to verify animal origins. Researchers are also working on developing a synthetic version of the drug to diversify sources.
Researchers have successfully corrected the mutated gene responsible for sickle cell disease in stem cells using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. The study holds promise for a new treatment by re-infusing edited stem cells into patients, potentially alleviating symptoms and improving lifespan.
Researchers documented the killing of millions of animals in Brazil's Amazon Basin for their hides following the collapse of the Rubber Boom. Despite this, most land-based species appear to have survived the carnage, while aquatic species were more severely impacted.
A new method of micron-scale surface chemical patterning was developed at UCSB, allowing for the creation of engineered surfaces with patterned polymer brushes. This technology reduces processing time and adds versatility to design, making it suitable for industrial applications.
A new clinical trial confirms that general practitioner-prescribed treatments can significantly help women with heavy periods. The trial found that most women avoid surgical interventions and experience similar improvement in period heaviness regardless of treatment type.
Researchers found that framing spatial tests as social tasks eliminated the gender gap in performance, with women performing just as well as men. The study suggests that traditional measures of spatial ability may be underestimating women's abilities and limiting their accessibility to STEM fields.
A new study published in International Journal of Cancer found that men with prostate cancer who used snus were at increased risk of premature death. Snus users had higher levels of nicotine and exposure to carcinogens compared to never-users, suggesting a potential link between snus use and prostate cancer progression.
A randomized controlled trial found ZMapp to be safe and well-tolerated, with a 40% lower risk of death for those who received the treatment. However, the trial was conducted during a public health emergency and enrolled too few participants to determine definitively whether ZMapp is superior to standard care alone.
Researchers discovered vitamins A and C enhance epigenetic memory erasure by increasing TET enzyme activity, a crucial step for regenerative medicine. The study provides insights into the mechanisms of vitamin A and C action, with potential implications for treating vitamin A-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Researchers found that alemtuzumab improved disability scores by at least one point in nearly 28% of participants, compared to 15% of those receiving interferon. The treatment also showed significant improvements in thinking skills and mobility without tremor or clumsy movements.
A common nerve protein, neuropeptide Y (NPY), is elevated in the blood of patients with aggressive neuroblastoma, associated with poor survival rates and disease relapse. NPY's release from tumors into the bloodstream may also serve as a marker for metastatic disease.
Researchers at USDA-Agricultural Research Service found that using less chicken litter than needed for maximum crop yields can increase farmer profits. The study aimed to calculate the optimal amount of chicken litter for cotton crops to balance yield and profitability.
Researchers found that golden eagles killed at a wind farm in California came from up to hundreds of miles away, posing a threat to global populations. The study's findings suggest that environmental assessments should consider bird populations across entire regions, not just local areas.
A study published by Oregon State University found that preschoolers' fine and gross motor skills are indicative of later performance on two key measures of kindergarten readiness. Children with strong motor skills showed better executive function skills and social behavior.
Research suggests that increasing plant diversity can limit the nutrient supply for insect pests, reducing their populations. By introducing different genotypes of the same crop species with varying nutrient levels, farmers may be able to control insects while maintaining consistent production.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill found that unvaccinated adults contribute to $7.1 billion in healthcare costs, accounting for 80% of vaccine-preventable disease expenses in 2015.
Researchers discovered that solar flares accelerate sunspot rotation speeds, revealing a complex relationship between the Sun's magnetic fields. This phenomenon challenges current theories on solar flares and has significant implications for understanding energy transport in eruptions.
Research suggests strenuous exercise has no significant impact on labor duration or risk of premature birth. Exercise is found to reduce excessive birthweight and lower the risk of C-section births. However, more research is needed in elite athletes to fully understand its effects during pregnancy.
A Purdue University study of an indigenous group of Maya people reinforces the link between Cesarean births and obesity. The study found that mothers who have high BMI and had a cesarean are going to have the fattest children in the village, with differences in child sizes suggesting birth method plays a role in development.
A smartphone app combined with a hand-held ECG monitor can detect atrial fibrillation with a high degree of accuracy. The condition affects nearly one in 10 people and is associated with a heightened risk of stroke and death.
Researchers used Real-time intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (RT-IMRI) to guide the transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons into brains modeled with Parkinson's disease. The study found that RT-IMRI guidance enhances cell survival and improves procedure efficacy and safety.
Research shows that excess nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, causes overactivity of the TRPV ion channel, leading to cell death and behavioral changes in Caenorhabditis elegans. The study provides clues to the mechanism causing cell death and links it to behavior.
A team of scientists identified how amyloid beta, associated with Alzheimer's, can induce cellular changes leading to Parkinson's. This discovery may provide an explanation for the co-occurrence of these neurodegenerative conditions and help researchers find ways to prevent such cases.
Despite major advances in molecular biology, genomics and CRISPR gene-editing technology, many details of plant stress signaling pathways remain a mystery. The Zhu lab has made significant contributions to understanding SOS, the first abiotic stress signaling pathway identified in plants, but identifying similar drought response pathwa...
Mothers who took antidepressants during pregnancy had a 37-percent increased risk of speech and/or language disorders in their offspring compared to mothers with depression but no treatment. The study, published online in JAMA Psychiatry, used a large sample population and followed children beyond age 3.
Researchers at ORNL developed a nanoscale catalyst that converts carbon dioxide directly into ethanol with high selectivity. The process uses low-cost materials and operates at room temperature in water, making it suitable for industrially relevant applications.
A phylogenetic analysis supports transoceanic dispersal of Amaurobioides genus across Southern Hemisphere continents. The study suggests that an ancestral population existed on ancient supercontinent Gondwana and dispersed eastward during the Miocene era.
Researchers found that salty snow and sea ice can increase nitrogen oxide levels in the air, affecting ozone formation. The study suggests incorporating these factors into future models to better predict Arctic air pollution.
Researchers found a dozen previously unknown RR Lyrae stars at the center of the Milky Way, indicating that galactic bulges may have formed through merging ancient globular clusters. The discovery provides strong evidence for an important theory of galactic evolution.
Tropical Depression 24W has formed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean with maximum sustained winds near 30 knots. The storm is forecasted to strengthen into a typhoon and make landfall in Luzon, northern Philippines by October 15.
A team of researchers found that widely accepted atrial fibrillation risk prediction algorithms do not accurately predict incidence when applied to electronic medical records. The study suggests that existing models may be incompatible with EMR data, leading to inconsistent predictions and potential misdiagnosis.
A MGH team found that treating metastatic colorectal cancer with antiangiogenic drugs increases extracellular matrix components and stiffness, contributing to treatment resistance. Antiangiogenic therapy also attracts suppressor immune cells, reducing the immune response against tumors.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found variable accuracy of wrist-worn heart rate monitors, particularly during moderate exercise. The results suggest that these devices should be used with caution for individuals relying on them to track fitness or stay within safe heart rate thresholds.
Scientists have developed a more reliable method for detecting gluten in purified wheat starch, a common ingredient in gluten-free foods. The new technique identified higher amounts of gluten in 19 out of 26 starch samples than current testing methods.
RTI International is studying Appalachian states' opioid prevention and treatment policies to develop evidence-based recommendations. The study will analyze existing public health policies, identify best practices, and inform practical strategies for improving opioid-related programs and services.
A new study found that limited video game play time may provide benefits to children, including improved motor skills and higher school achievement scores. However, excessive gaming was linked to conduct problems, peer conflicts, and reduced social abilities.
Researchers created movies addressing personal values and future marriage prospects to challenge negative attitudes, with a persistent effect lasting at least a week. The approach shows promise in increasing discussion and sustainable change through entertainment-embedded public information.
The new guidelines, published by JAMA, were developed after comprehensive research using over 60 years of red blood cell transfusion data and 31 clinical trials. Transfusions at a lower level are recommended for critical care patients as well as those undergoing orthopedic and cardiac surgery.
The survey found that Americans fear government corruption, terrorism, and health concerns, with a shift towards more personal anxieties. Beliefs in conspiracy theories also emerged as a significant concern, with nearly half of respondents believing the government is concealing information.
Participants shared concerns about providers accessing their browsing history, verbal abuse, and harassment. Eleven Wikipedia editors expressed similar fears, despite helping shape the online resource.
Scientists have discovered a new mechanism by which Merkel cells in the skin transmit sensory information to nerve endings, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treating conditions like diabetes, cancer treatment, and fibromyalgia. This understanding may also enable preventive care for these patients.
The AABB has issued updated guidelines for red blood cell storage time and transfusion use, citing analysis of over 5,000 patients across 13 randomized clinical trials. The new recommendations suggest that stored blood is as safe as fresh blood for stable hospitalized patients.
A study found that high folate consumption is associated with increased risk of peripheral neuropathy in older adults with a specific genetic variant. The researchers recommend keeping folate intake close to the recommended amounts and obtaining nutrients from a balanced diet.
The article presents a comprehensive overview of in silico drug repurposing methods, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques. The authors emphasize the potential of incorporating deep learning approaches into modular workflows, which can accelerate development and reduce costs.
A pivotal Phase III clinical study is exploring the impact of vericiguat on patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The trial aims to assess whether adding vericiguat to standard treatment can improve heart and vascular function, reducing the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization.
A new series of studies found that men consider sexist jokes less hostile when presented in a lads' mag context, particularly among younger males and those with ambivalent sexism. The research suggests that exposure to extreme content can lead men to reject magazines altogether.
A new study suggests that parents' excessive use of smartphones around young children can lead to internal tension, conflicts, and negative interactions. The study's findings highlight the need for parents to set boundaries and prioritize family time to maintain emotional well-being.
A new study from Cornell Center for Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs finds that career development opportunities are crucial for food service directors to adopt healthier lunchroom changes. Food service directors who participate in professional organizations and trainings are more likely to be aware of the Smarter Lunch...
Research found that circumbinary planets can survive the late stages of their binary star's life by moving to wider orbits. Many such planets are likely to escape destruction and potentially become habitable for a short period.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic cancer develops rapidly through a 'big bang' process, where key alterations occur simultaneously. This finding provides new insights into the disease's aggressiveness and may lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers are developing an early-warning system for Pseudo-nitzschia phytoplankton, which produces a potent toxin causing amnesic shellfish poisoning. The new forecast system aims to protect human health and reduce economic disruption from algal blooms on the US Pacific coast.
A study found that at least 1 in 3 gene expression studies contain mislabeled samples, leading to incorrect conclusions. Researchers used a sex-specific gene expression approach to detect mislabeling and found that 46% of human tissue datasets contained discrepancies.
Research at King's College London reveals that individuals with autism are more likely to make rational decisions by following their heads rather than their hearts. This is due to impaired emotional awareness and reduced susceptibility to the Framing Effect.
Researchers develop targeted epigenetic approach to treat aggressive forms of leukemia by inhibiting key chromatin regulators. This method demonstrates promising results in reversing leukemia-causing gene activity and promoting normal blood cell development.
Researchers discovered a nearly 4-fold increase in thyroid cancer among WTC-exposed firefighters, but this increased risk was not significant after controlling for biases. A separate finding showed a 1.4-fold increase in prostate cancer among WTC-exposed firefighters from 2005 to 2009.
A $1.65 million Department of Defense grant will support the development of a brain-machine-brain interface (BMBI) aimed at helping TBI and stroke patients regain motor function. The BMBI records signals from one part of the brain, processes them in real time, then bridges the injury by stimulating a second part of the brain.
A new study reveals that corals selectively feed on specific types of bacteria, promoting their growth and influencing the surrounding microbial community. This interaction drives microbial growth and nutrient cycling, with corals releasing complex compounds to stimulate bacterial growth.
A new study by the University of Southampton uses jellyfish to track marine animals' movements and locations, providing a powerful tool against food fraud. The research can also be used to maintain healthy sustainable fish stocks and ensure consumer confidence in marine eco-labelling.
The National Science Foundation grant will provide additional training for faculty to adapt teaching methodologies and create an 'accessibility toolkit' for deaf and hard-of-hearing students. The project aims to enhance inclusiveness in the classroom through student-centered pedagogy, universal design for teaching and learning.
Researchers have found that impaired insulin metabolism affects neighboring cells involved in wound healing, leading to slow and incomplete healing. This discovery opens up new possibilities for treating wounds in diabetics, with local treatment targeting insulin metabolism.
Rhode Island Hospital has been awarded a $500,000 CDC grant to investigate the relationship between antibiotics and multi-drug resistant bacteria. The research aims to identify patients at risk of acquiring these resistant bacteria by analyzing their microbiome.
A recent study found that exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of speech and language disorders in children. The study analyzed data from Finland and found that children whose mothers purchased SSRIs at least twice during pregnancy had a higher risk of speech/...
Researchers aim to improve thermoelectric performance in polymeric materials with $900,000 US Department of Energy funding. This study could yield new materials for efficient energy harvesting and waste heat recovery.
A study by King's College London has discovered a link between maternal obesity during pregnancy and increased blood pressure in children, with the 'fullness' hormone leptin playing a key role. Mice exposed to high levels of leptin in the womb developed high blood pressure and kidney damage later in life.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that adults who frequently tanned indoors were more likely to practice poor outdoor sun protection and have multiple sunburns. The results highlight the importance of emphasizing avoidance of indoor tanning and reiterating the need for sun protection and skin cancer screening.
A new study surveyed 587 scientists on their attitudes towards social media, revealing that most see benefits in using Twitter for communication and sharing research within the scholarly community. Despite professional benefits, relatively few academic scientists currently use these tools.
Researchers propose new model of megaflood-carved landscapes, suggesting that deep canyons can be formed in bedrock by significantly less water than previously thought. This study applies numerical flood models to the 'channeled scablands' in eastern Washington State and Mars, revealing that channels were likely formed by flood dischar...
The discovery of a 66-million-year-old bird fossil in Antarctica reveals the oldest known syrinx, a vocal organ that produces bird calls. The finding indicates that this organ may have originated late in the evolution of birds, suggesting that other dinosaurs were unable to produce similar sounds.
A new study reveals low rates of pregnancy screening among adolescent females with acute leukemia before receiving chemotherapy that can cause birth defects. The analysis found that adolescents with ALL had the lowest rates of pregnancy testing, and there was substantial variation in screening patterns across hospitals.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have developed a genetically modified fruit fly that can detect infectious prions in blood, leading to a potential breakthrough in diagnosing and preventing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). This new test could be faster, more versatile, and more sensitive than current methods.
CVT-301, an inhaled form of levodopa, is being studied for its potential to restore motor function in people with Parkinson's disease experiencing OFF periods. The Phase 3 clinical program aims to confirm the efficacy and safety profile of CVT-301.
The updated AABB guidelines recommend a restrictive RBC transfusion threshold of 7-8 g/dl for hospitalized adult patients who are hemodynamically stable. The guidelines also suggest that patients should receive RBC units selected at any point within their licensed dating period, rather than limiting them to fresh units with a storage l...
A new UW study examines gender disparities across STEM fields and finds that a masculine culture discourages women from participating. The researchers identify three main factors: a masculine culture that makes women feel like they don't belong, a lack of pre-college experience in certain fields, and stereotypes about women's abilities.
Washington State University biologist Mechthild Tegeder has made a groundbreaking discovery in increasing soybean yield by up to 36% through the use of specialized bacteria. The breakthrough could help address global food security challenges while reducing environmental pollution.
The study highlights the risks of human presence on endangered ape populations, including disease transmission and habitat destruction. To mitigate these threats, Schultz proposes improving protocols and regulations for ecotourism and promoting understanding of interspecies disease transmission as a conservation threat.
A minimally-invasive procedure to fix an aortic aneurysm, called endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), may be associated with a higher risk of long-term complications, including mortality, compared to open surgery. Regular scans can help prevent these complications.
A new study from the University of Manchester explains the process of post-breastfeeding tissue remodeling, discovering that milk-producing cells are transformed into cannibalistic cell-eaters. The study found a key role for the protein Rac1 in this cellular switch, which helps reshape the breast back to its normal state after weaning.
Research conducted by Rush University Medical Center found that patients with hypothyroidism who have normal TSH levels are more likely to take antidepressants, be less physically active, and exhibit lower energy levels. These findings indicate that persistent symptoms may not be solely in the patient's head.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified a new therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes, IP6K1. The protein promotes fat accumulation by slowing down the breakdown of fat and enhancing weight gain in animal models.
Researchers aim to learn about physical parameters limiting drug delivery into brain tumors to improve treatment selection for unique tumors.
Researchers found that satellite cells differentiate into myofibres only when Prox1 is active. The study also revealed that Prox1 is expressed in adult slow muscle fibres, which have high metabolic activity and are linked to type 2 diabetes risk.
A new study found that Mexican-American youth with empathetic and caring behaviors towards others tend to perform better academically later on. Parents can play a significant role by encouraging these traits and maintaining boundaries while remaining engaged in their children's lives.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that shelter dogs spending more time resting during the day displayed better behavioral signs of well-being and performed better on a food reward test. The researchers suggest setting aside quiet time for dogs to rest may be beneficial for their welfare.
A team of researchers at the Salk Institute has found a way to obstruct the creation of fat molecules in cancer cells, stalling their growth. This approach involves inhibiting an enzyme called Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, which is crucial for lipid synthesis activity.
A recent UBC study found that directing building air handling units through a snow dump can reduce summer air-conditioning bills. The study's results show promising potential for this type of system to be used in large buildings and institutions.
Research predicts an increase in water availability in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia due to climate change, potentially allowing for two crops per year. However, increased sediment transport poses a challenge, highlighting the need for conservation practices and efficient irrigation development.
The University of Texas at Arlington has partnered with Apache Corporation to conduct a baseline water quality study of groundwater and surface water in the Alpine High resource play. The study aims to provide important data for future monitoring efforts and support responsible energy extraction processes.
A new polymer designed to detect acute kidney injury can identify the condition in its initial stages, allowing for simple treatment and good prognosis. The polymer selectively captures lipocalin-2, a protein biomarker for acute kidney injury.
A study found that Blue tits' migratory behavior is driven by their need for energy and environmental information. Lean and late-migrating individuals tend to explore new environments quicker than larger birds or those with more fat reserves, suggesting that foraging may be primarily driven by energy requirements.
Researchers have engineered a bacteriophage called NanoLuc that causes E. coli O157:H7 to emit light, allowing for faster and cheaper detection of contaminated food products. The new method can detect as few as four bacteria in eight hours.
A University of Manchester study found that people with bipolar disorder are 2.63 times more likely to have experienced emotional, physical, or sexual abuse as children compared to the general population. This strong link has implications for treatment and personalized therapy plans.
A new study published in Nature found that plant diversity can suppress insect pests by being variable, not just low quality on average. Researchers discovered that bugs have narrow ranges of nutrient levels where they flourish, making it easier to control pests.
A recent study by Jacob Neiheisel found that liberal branding can affect election outcomes, with stronger influence on down-ballot races. The researcher analyzed campaign ads and survey data from the 2004 US presidential election, revealing that name-calling has a role in shaping voters' attitudes towards candidates.
Scientists at Michigan State University have developed a new framework to understand the complex relationships between urban water management and global sustainability. The study uses telecoupling processes to analyze the water dynamics of Beijing, China's capital city, and its impact on distant regions. By combining local and global p...
Researchers at Kansas State University have designed a soybean variety that protects against nematode parasites, which are the No. 1 soybean disease in the nation. The new variety could potentially save the soybean industry millions of dollars per year by controlling nematodes and their reproduction cycles.
A new study by Brown University researchers found that about 9,000 square kilometers of forestland were cleared from 2008 to 2012, exceeding PRODES monitoring data. This deforestation has significant ramifications, including nearly doubling Brazil's greenhouse gas emissions estimates.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a ultra-thin ferroelectric material called hafnium oxide (HfO2) that exhibits ferroelectricity below 450°C, making it compatible with silicon-based semiconductors and suitable for applications in novel random-access memory and transistors.
A recent study found that no single protein in royal jelly determines a honeybee's queen development. Instead, the nutrient mix is essential for larval growth and caste determination. The researchers' experiments produced intercastes with characteristics of both workers and queens.
A clinical trial using allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells will be conducted to test efficacy and safety for heart attack patients. The study aims to improve cardiac regeneration, ventricular function, and reduce scar tissue.
Researchers have developed soft robots that mimic human muscles, using muscle-like actuators to provide safe and efficient movement. These robots have the potential to be used in patient rehabilitation, handling fragile objects, biomimetic systems, and home care, among other applications.
A new approach using geospatial knowledge verifies and improves GlobeLand30 data by integrating natural, cultural, and temporal constraints. This method has greatly improved the overall accuracy of GlobeLand30-2010 to 83.50% with a kappa coefficient of 0.78.
The Vote Leave campaign used the NHS logo in their advertising, despite being warned by the Department of Health not to do so. The NHS logo is a registered trademark and was found to be misleadingly associated with funding for healthcare services.
Researchers at James Cook University found that complex roof shapes can lead to high forces on connections between the roof and house frame, increasing the risk of roof cladding loss. Poorly maintained houses or minor construction defects can exacerbate this issue.
Economist Christopher Smallwood argues that private top-up insurance could prevent declining healthcare standards in the NHS. He proposes a French-style scheme where treatment costs are covered by the state and individuals make contributions for minor treatments.
Researchers at University of Waterloo's IQC recorded interaction 10 times larger than previously seen between photons and qubit, enabling investigation of light-matter interactions in a new domain. The ultrastrong coupling may lead to exploration of new physics related to biological processes, exotic materials, and relativistic physics.
Researchers have confirmed that mutation-caused dysfunction in a process cells use to transport molecules within the cell plays a previously suspected but underappreciated role in promoting Alzheimer's disease. The study found that treating mutated neurons with a beta-secretase inhibitor rescued endocytosis and transcytosis functions.
Hurricane Nicole strengthens as it approaches Bermuda, with a large eye detected by NASA's GOES Project. The storm is expected to pass near or over Bermuda on Thursday, Oct. 13, with maximum sustained winds near 100 mph and higher gusts.
Academically talented US girls outperform boys in verbal abilities, while India's gifted girls trail behind in math but excel in language. The study analyzed 320,554 and 7,119 top-performing students from the US and India, respectively.