Dr. Matthew Cave is awarded $4 million to investigate the long-term effects of environmental chemicals on liver health. He plans to explore how endocrine-disrupting chemicals like BPA contribute to fatty liver disease, using a flexible research approach.
A new study finds that many pediatric emergency department physicians do not discuss firearm injury prevention when discussing overall injury prevention issues. Despite the importance of primary prevention, only half as many clinicians provide counseling on firearm injury prevention compared to other topics.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have found a significant reduction in alcohol drinking behavior by mice that had been given a drug blocking a specific response from the immune system in the brain, highlighting the importance of the brain's immune system in driving desire to drink alcohol.
The Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE) project aims to develop sustainable yield increases through engineered photosynthesis. With a five-year, $45 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and others, RIPE seeks to provide new means to eradicate world hunger and malnutrition by 2030.
Researchers at Aarhus University discovered a detoxification process in the body's fat-metabolism that captures and inhibits toxic methylglyoxal, a key player in age-related diseases. This finding may explain why low-carbohydrate diets with plenty of fat promote healthy aging and prevent diseases.
A CCNY-led research team has discovered a new type of organelle, MSEVs, in the venom of a parasitic wasp. These mixed strategy extracellular vesicles have prokaryotic and eukaryotic properties and are involved in killing fruit fly blood cells by invading their immune system.
A new study found that overall child passenger safety education programs are successful, with improved placement of infants and toddlers in car seats. The research reviewed trends in child safety practices from 2009-2015 and identified areas for improvement, such as increasing top tether use and booster seat use.
Pediatric emergency departments are more likely to use ultrasounds over CT scans to diagnose abdominal pain in children due to reduced radiation exposure. According to the study, general emergency departments still rely heavily on CT scans for this purpose.
New research highlights the dangers of sliding down playgrounds with young children on your lap. The study found that most injuries occur when a child's foot catches on the edge and twists while sitting on an adult's lap, resulting in leg fractures.
Typhoon Talim's large eye was a distinctive feature in NASA's 3D image, showing intense rainfall on the western side and weaker rain to the east. Wind shear has pushed the upper-level eye northwest of the lower-level eye, with strongest storms on the western side.
Researchers found cereal rye consistently reduced Amaranthus spp. weed density, even without herbicides. Cereal rye has potential to control weeds by reducing population density within the first month of planting, potentially reducing selection for resistant weeds.
A study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics conference found a significant rise in pediatric patients testing positive for opioid addiction or dependency in US emergency departments. The number of ED visits by children aged 21 and younger increased from 32,235 in 2008 to 49,626 in 2013.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin found that spouses with a satisfying social network experience lower levels of physiological stress during marital conflicts. Having even a few close friends or family members to talk to outside of their marriage alleviates tension.
A recent study found that nearly one-quarter of school nurses reported administering epinephrine shots, often by nonmedical staff or students without known allergies. The survey also revealed that 10.8% of students with severe allergic reactions required more than one dose before emergency responders arrived.
Children's National Hospital implemented a quality-improvement initiative that reduces the number of unintended extubations in newborns, leading to significant savings. By limiting daily chest X-rays to twice a week, the hospital was able to reduce unplanned extubations and lower costs by $1.6 million annually.
A $1.5 million NSF grant will investigate the social and ecological dynamics of freshwater fisheries in Wisconsin's Northern Highland Lake District. The project aims to understand how human activities and ecological processes impact fish populations, with a focus on effective governance and communication between anglers and lake managers.
A new medicated skin patch has been developed that can transform white fat into brown fat locally, increasing metabolism and reducing fat. The patch was tested in obese mice with significant results, including a 20% reduction in treated side fat and lower fasting blood glucose levels.
A prototype Google Glass app, Holli, recognizes conversational prompts and provides suitable responses, improving social skills for children with autism spectrum disorder. Children find it easy to use and enjoy interacting with the technology.
A new global study reveals that countries have saved more lives over the past decade, particularly among children under 5, but persistent health problems such as obesity, conflict, and mental illness continue to hinder progress. The 'triad of troubles' poses a stubborn barrier to active lifestyles.
A new study published in Anesthesia & Analgesia found that delaying a child's tonsillectomy did not lower the risk of developing a mental disorder. Children under 5 who underwent minor surgery with anesthesia had a 26% increased risk of later diagnosis with a mental disorder.
Tropical Depression 15E is experiencing vertical wind shear due to the GOES-West satellite's observations. The National Hurricane Center expects no change in strength, but a chance for it to become a tropical storm in the coming days.
Plant geneticists have developed a new application of CRISPR technology to rapidly generate variants of crops that display improved traits. By mutating regulatory regions, the scientists can achieve subtle changes in yield traits, providing flexibility for improving crop yields. This method has the potential to break yield barriers and...
A study found that university students consistently believe their peers have more friends than they do, affecting their happiness. This misperception can be corrected through interventions to promote friendship formation, supporting students' transition to university life.
A study of over 600 colorectal surgeries found racial and socioeconomic disparities in pain management, with white patients more likely to receive optimal care. The findings highlight the importance of process measures in preventing these disparities, particularly for historically disadvantaged populations.
If DACA expires, the health care profession will face a serious challenge as many former beneficiaries experience adverse effects on mental health and psychological well-being. Health care organizations must proactively reach out to undocumented immigrants to reassure them of continued access to quality health care.
Researchers have found a subgroup of neurons in mice that drive the critical instinct of thirst, which decreases with increased water consumption. These neurons are connected to other brain regions and play a direct role in regulating thirst drive through goal-directed actions.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab developed graphene-wrapped magnesium nanocrystals with enhanced hydrogen storage properties. The study found that an atomically thin layer of oxidation forms on the crystals without degrading their performance.
A RAND Corporation report finds that repealing the Affordable Care Act would likely lead to increased demand for VA services and more uninsured veterans. The study estimates that older, low-income veterans are most at risk of losing health insurance coverage.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have confirmed that abnormalities in serotonin, a key neurotransmitter, are linked to SIDS deaths. The study found that altered serotonin expression in the brainstem is associated with some SIDS cases.
A genetic analysis of Papua New Guinea reveals a sharp genetic divide between highlanders and lowlanders, dating back 10,000 to 20,000 years. The study, led by Anders Bergström, genotyped 381 individuals from 85 language groups across PNG, finding strong genetic differentiation within both highland and lowland populations.
A global study of over 800 patients with Type 1 diabetes found that dapagliflozin, a Type 2 diabetes medicine, significantly improved blood sugar levels. The results demonstrate the drug's efficacy as an adjunct therapy to insulin, reducing A1C levels by more than 0.5% without severe hypoglycemia.
A Michigan State University study found that expressive writing helps chronically anxious individuals perform stressful tasks more efficiently by freeing up brain resources. By writing about their thoughts and feelings, participants used fewer cognitive resources, leading to improved task accuracy and reaction times.
Prellis Biologics has received $1.8 million in funding to develop patent-pending technologies for creating viable human organs using 3D printing. The company aims to solve the challenge of creating microvasculature, a crucial component of functional organs.
A new study confirms an association between sodium intake and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a 65% increase in risk for each extra gram consumed per day. The effect is even greater for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), with a 82% rise in risk.
The Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) successfully located a small ammonia leak on the International Space Station, confirming its safety status and avoiding a risky spacewalk. The instrument provided precise measurements of gas amounts and types, allowing operators to isolate and repair the leak.
Researchers create novel microparticles that can deliver multiple doses of a drug or vaccine with just one injection, using a biocompatible polymer and custom-built 3D printing method. The particles release drugs or vaccines at specific time intervals, mimicking the way a series of vaccines would be given, potentially improving patient...
Researchers have developed a method to infuse cotton fibers with fluorescent and magnetic properties, eliminating the need for chemical treatments. This breakthrough could enable the creation of sustainable fabrics with desirable properties.
A study of 562 older adults found that those admitted to hospice care during the last year of life were slightly older and more likely to have cognitive impairments. The most common conditions leading to death were frailty, organ failure, advanced dementia, and cancer.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered a rare genetic mutation in the ALK gene that causes peritoneal mesothelioma in young women with no history of asbestos or radiation therapy. Targeted therapy using FDA-approved drugs may be effective in treating these patients.
Tropical Storm Norma has formed in the Eastern Pacific, with NASA's Terra satellite capturing its development. The storm is expected to strengthen over the next 48 hours and could become a hurricane by late Friday.
A joint Canada-France study reveals evidence of wildfires in the French Alps during an ice age 20,000 years ago. The presence of tree charcoal and macro-remains confirms that fires occurred in high mountain areas with no vegetation to burn, challenging long-held assumptions about climate and forest ecology.
Researchers have created a new climate risk classification system to account for potential existential threats from rapid global warming. The categories include catastrophic and unknown risks, which could play out by century's end, posing dangers such as species extinctions and human health risks.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg have developed a new model to isolate and study cancer stem cells from breast cancer patients. The team found that inhibiting the epigenetic regulator KDM4 can block proliferation of cancer stem cells, induce changes in their molecular make-up, and reduce tumor growth.
A study suggests that walkable neighborhoods reduce the risk of prediabetes among immigrant populations, with higher incidence rates found in less walkable areas. The research found significant differences in prediabetes development across ethnic groups, with some populations experiencing reduced risks in high walkability areas.
A recent study by University of Washington scientists reveals that old fish are greatly depleted in dozens of global populations, mainly caused by fishing pressure. This loss can lead to reduced diversity and stability in the marine food web.
New research reveals sepsis disrupts immune system function by impairing TRM recruitment to infected skin, increasing risk of life-threatening secondary infections. In mice, sepsis stymied TRM's ability to recruit bystander T and B cells to fight infection.
Researcher Benjamin J. Perrin is advancing knowledge of age-related hearing loss by exploring the function of sensory cells in the inner ear. He hopes to develop a maintenance-of-living-cells approach to prevent or restore hearing loss, with implications for millions of people.
A study found that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J (PTPRJ) inhibits leptin signaling, leading to leptin resistance. PTPRJ expression in the hypothalamus is up-regulated by diet-induced obesity, making it a potential target for improving obesity treatment.
Researchers found nine microRNAs in premature breast milk that target metabolic processes, regulating gastrointestinal function and energy use in premature babies. These findings suggest that breast milk may be optimized for premature infants' nutritional needs.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have identified a key protein complex involved in regulating brain cell identity, with high levels of Nup153 found to be necessary for maintaining precursor status. This finding may provide new insights into the underlying causes of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
A new study by USC researchers suggests that the TOMM40 gene, neighboring ApoE4 on chromosome 19, has a significant influence on late-life development of dementia and Alzheimer's. The research found that a TOMM40 variant was more influential than ApoE4 in decline of immediate memory.
Indiana University scientists have developed a new method to predict the effectiveness of molecules that extract toxic elements from the environment. The discovery could significantly reduce the volume of nuclear waste, as well as improve water purification and soil remediation techniques.
Researchers have found that titanium dioxide nanoparticles released from metal implants can interfere with bone formation and resorption, resulting in adverse effects. The review calls for further research to characterize the biological, physical, and chemical interactions between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and bone-forming cells.
Clinical evidence supports the use of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation to treat Crohn's disease-related fistulas, offering a safe and effective approach. The unique advantages of MSCs include ease of collection, low immunogenicity, and immunoregulatory activity.
Researchers reviewed the status of classical and quantum machine learning, exploring its potential to analyze both classical and quantum data. Quantum machines could accelerate processing timescales using quantum annealers and universal quantum computers.
Michigan State University will lead a $10 million U.S. Department of Energy grant to explore ways to boost camelina oilseed's yield. The team aims to achieve up to a 300-percent increase per acre in oil production by studying the plant's metabolic and gene expression networks.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new optical switch that can turn light on and off at trillionths of a second, enabling faster information processing. The breakthrough could also be used in biological imaging and chemical spectroscopy.
Researchers found that a weight loss of more than 10% can lead to a significant reduction in disease risk for individuals with metabolically unhealthy obesity. This intermediate goal can serve as a low-hanging fruit, providing documented protection against obesity-related metabolic diseases, and improving patient motivation through doc...
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $1.6M grant to UC Davis to analyze the complex relationships between surface water and groundwater supply, agricultural land use and economic wellbeing of rural, disadvantaged communities. The project aims to provide new insights for other regions facing similar issues and help local commun...
Researchers develop a highly selective, fast, and reusable catalytic system for the mild oxidation of cyclohexane to produce polyamide 6. The found [Fe(C5H5)2]/[P6.6.6.14][DCA] catalytic system can be applied to produce polyamide 6.