Research found that oxytocin administration increased altruistic preference towards refugees among those with low xenophobia scores. Participants with high xenophobia scores showed no significant change in altruism levels after oxytocin administration, but did exhibit increased donations when combined with peer-derived norms.
A study published by the American Heart Association found that exposure to high levels of fine particulate matter increased stress hormone levels and negative metabolic changes in healthy young adults. Air purifiers reduced these effects, with significant benefits seen in blood pressure, insulin resistance, and biomarkers of inflammation.
Researchers have designed a complex sugar molecule that binds to galectin-1, enabling the immune system to recognize and attack tumor cells. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new drugs and rapid tests for early cancer detection.
The American workforce faces high levels of physical and emotional demands, including long work hours, unpleasant working conditions, and a lack of control over schedules. Despite these challenges, many workers report feeling supported by their bosses and colleagues.
Typhoon Banyan formed from Tropical Depression 14W and maintained its status with maximum sustained winds near 80 knots. The storm is forecast to intensify and turn north-northeast before becoming extratropical.
A study by Oregon Research Institute found that e-cigarette use among 8th and 9th graders is higher than national samples, closely linked to marijuana and tobacco use. The study tracked usage patterns from 8th grade through 9th grade, revealing high rates of addiction.
Researchers at University of Toronto have developed an injectable tissue patch that can be delivered through minimally invasive surgery to repair damaged organs. The patch uses lab-grown heart cells and has been shown to improve cardiac function after a heart attack in rat models.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have made a breakthrough in rechargeable zinc-air batteries by developing a new three-stage method that produces low-cost and high-performance catalysts. The new catalysts can be used to build rechargeable zinc-air batteries, overcoming one of the biggest hurdles preventing their widespread use.
A 11-year study on lake trout found that warmer years lead to reduced growth and diet changes, with a focus on smaller prey. The research suggests climate change impacts top predators' feeding behavior and energy acquisition.
The scientific evidence on cannabis for chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is inconclusive, with only low-strength evidence suggesting potential benefits. However, researchers found significant risks associated with cannabis use, including increased risk of motor vehicle accidents and psychotic symptoms.
A team of researchers has created a three-dimensional movie showing a virus preparing to infect a healthy cell. The study uses powerful algorithms and X-ray imaging equipment to reveal the sequential images of the virus's molecular machinery. The findings provide new insights into how viruses undergo changes during infection.
New research finds that binge-viewing TV shows can negatively impact sleep quality in young adults, leading to increased fatigue and insomnia. The study suggests that the intense engagement with content before bedtime causes mental arousal, disrupting sleep patterns.
PNNL scientist Jiwen Fan has received a $2.5 million DOE Early Career Research award to investigate severe thunderstorms in the central United States. The research aims to understand how storms form, change, and are influenced by factors such as urban heat islands and wildfires.
Scientists will measure lower corona in fine detail using new instruments during the Aug. 21, 2017 eclipse. This data will help characterize complex magnetic field and predict space weather events.
Sandro Ambuehl, an assistant professor at the University of Toronto, has received a three-year grant to investigate the impact of nudges on financial decision-making. He will collaborate with Stanford University economist B. Douglas Bernheim on the project.
A study by Georgia State University and Purdue University found that acute alcohol intoxication amplifies the link between heavy drinking patterns and intimate partner aggression. Impulsive individuals are more likely to commit violence when intoxicated, as they focus on emotional cues in the situation.
A study by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory found that changes in tweet opinion and emotion can signal rising health issues. Researchers analyzed 171 million anonymous tweets to identify patterns that correlate with medical visits for flu-like illnesses.
A study by Helmholtz Munich researchers found that liver inflammation leads to increased cholesterol levels in people with diabetes, promoting vascular diseases. This mechanism is crucial as it explains why some individuals with well-controlled blood sugar levels still experience long-term complications.
A study found that older cancer patients and their caregivers often differ in assessing the patient's physical abilities, with caregivers rating them as having poorer function. This disparity is associated with greater caregiver burden. The researchers suggest considering caregiver burden when assessing patients' needs.
Astronomer Rory Barnes finds that tidal locking is a major factor in the evolution of potentially habitable exoplanets, suggesting they may be more common than previously thought. The research suggests that even Earth's 'twin' could be tidally locked.
Researchers have successfully used probiotic bacteria to boost the speed and effectiveness of natural processes that capture and remove pollutants from soil. The technology has shown promising results in cleaning up contaminated groundwater with trichloroethylene, a common pollutant found in industrial areas.
Researchers found that adolescents aged 11-17 spent over an hour less daily in their neighborhoods if residents had a high fear of crime, compared to kids from safer areas. The study used smartphone data to track kids' whereabouts and linked collective fear of crime to high-poverty neighborhoods.
A study found a nearly 60% increase in exclusion criteria for lung cancer trials from 1986 to 2016, making it difficult to conduct clinical trials. The rise in exclusions is largely due to new medical concerns and complexities with targeted therapies, which are often given in pill form.
A new study suggests that a tiny fraction of oceans, approximately 0.025 percent, could satisfy the world's fish demand through sustainable aquaculture. The research identifies tropical countries with high production potential, where food security issues are prevalent, as key areas for development.
Researchers at DGIST have identified a thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide that controls acute intracerebral hemorrhage by forming protein nanostructures in damaged cerebral blood vessels. The polypeptide also accelerates vascular restoration and stimulates brain tissue regeneration.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center report encouraging preclinical results on an experimental molecular treatment for heart failure. By inhibiting a protein that regulates the heart's response to adrenaline, they alleviated disease processes in mouse models of human heart failure.
Scientists have found that breast cancer cells spread to other parts of the body relatively late in disease development. This discovery supports the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, which can increase the chances of preventing cancer cell spread and improving survival rates.
A new study by CU Boulder researchers found that individual bacteria cells can feel their external environment through electrical signals, similar to vertebrates. This discovery could advance fundamental bacteria research and aid in developing drugs for infectious diseases.
Researchers analyzed climatological and sorghum yield data from Kansas, finding that temperatures above 33°C result in declining yields. Moderate and high temperature increases of 2°C and 4°C led to significant yield losses, with an average reduction of 10% per 1°C from 1-5°C.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that Gata4 can reduce post-heart attack fibrosis, leading to improved cardiac function in small animal models. The study's results suggest a novel role for Gata4 in heart regeneration and may lead to new treatments for heart failure.
Researchers at UTMB and Houston Methodist are growing lungs in space to understand how lung cells react to the change in gravity and extreme space environment. The goal is to develop therapeutics that could help astronauts and people on Earth with autoimmune diseases, hormone deficiencies, and other issues.
A study by UCSB marine scientists reveals the world's oceans have sufficient space to produce 15 billion metric tons of finfish annually, meeting global demand using less than 1% of ocean surface. Aquaculture could support human livelihoods and economic growth while providing food security.
Physicists from FAU and DESY have developed a method to improve X-ray image quality, enabling the visualization of individual atoms in molecules at higher resolutions. The new technique uses incoherent radiation and time-resolved snapshots to overcome limitations of conventional coherent imaging methods.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University found that smiley emojis in work-related e-mails decrease perceptions of competence and actually hinder information sharing. The study, conducted with participants from 29 countries, showed that e-mail messages without smileys were perceived as more competent and detailed.
A new study identifies chemically termolecular reactions, where three molecules participate in breaking and forming bonds, impacting flame propagation speeds and gas phase chemistry. This discovery opens up new possibilities in engine design and understanding planetary atmospheres.
A recent study predicts cancer drug resistance and sensitivity by analyzing genomic alterations and their interactions. Researchers used The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to create a map of oncogenic dependencies, revealing that certain genetic changes can make tumors resistant to some drugs while making them sensitive to others.
Researchers found that neutrophils lose oxygen-sensing protein, leading to overactive response to infection and chronic inflammation. Studying glucose regulation in neutrophils may lead to new treatments for patients with low oxygen levels and lung disease.
A new blood test can detect miniscule amounts of cancer DNA released into the blood, allowing for rapid detection of genetic mutations. This test has the potential to be personalized to recognize mutations unique to individual cancers.
Researchers detect granulins inside cells for the first time, suggesting a potential FTD treatment strategy by targeting lysosomal function. The discovery may have therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease as well.
A new study shows the Montreal Protocol significantly reduced US greenhouse gas emissions from 2008 to 2014, equivalent to 170 million tons of CO2 annually. The treaty's impact on climate-altering gases was a major side benefit of reducing ozone-depleting substances.
New experiments support distinct roles for ventral and dorsal brain pathways in processing information about objects. The dorsal pathway sees objects according to what they are and what is done with them, while the ventral pathway sees objects as they always are, clarifying their roles in visual processing.
A new study reveals that the chloroplast lineage split from its closest cyanobacterial ancestor over 2.1 billion years ago in low salinity environments, marking a crucial step in photosynthesis evolution. The association of the chloroplast with its eukaryotic host took place around 800-750 million years ago in marine environments.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered four genes that help Varroa mites survive and two that affect their reproduction. The team used RNA interference to identify the key genes, which could lead to reduced or eliminated mite populations. This breakthrough may also have applications beyond bee conservation.
Researchers from University of Bristol and Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz have found a critical point in the glass transition, enabling reconciliation of mutually incompatible interpretations. The study suggests that the thermodynamic and dynamic interpretations are different reflections of the same underlying phenomenon.
A single-center study in Brazil found Zika virus infection associated with a diverse spectrum of serious neurologic syndromes, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalitis. The study suggests serologic and molecular testing as an alternative diagnostic strategy in developing countries.
Scientists from ITMO University and Tampere University of Technology developed a new algorithm to increase the resolution of images obtained in lensless microscopes. The approach relies on diffraction patterns and computational methods, allowing for improved image quality without physical changes to the microscope.
A team of UCSB astrophysicists observed a supernova colliding with a nearby companion star, revealing surprising information about the mysterious star. The study demonstrates that the supernova collided with a non-white dwarf companion, implying the white dwarf was stealing matter from a larger companion to explode.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that light-to-moderate drinking can lower risk of mortality from all-causes and cardiovascular disease, while heavy consumption can increase risk. Moderate drinking was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have created exotic quantum states made from light by creating an optical 'well' that traps a super-photon. This achievement marks a significant step towards developing quantum circuits and improving quantum communication and computing capabilities.
A new study highlights the significance of educating men to encourage women to seek medical help earlier due to cultural and religious barriers. Community nurses are found to be the most effective channel in raising breast cancer awareness in India's urban areas.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a probe to detect direct-current (DC) energy, ensuring safe contact with electrical lines. The 'Hot Stick' probe can penetrate cable insulation and indicate whether a cable is fully discharged of energy.
A study led by Dr. Susana Minguet identified the protein Caveolin-1 as a key regulator of B cell organization and signaling. The team found that Caveolin-1 deficiency leads to autoimmune disease in animal models, highlighting a new strategy for treating autoimmunity.
Columbia University researchers successfully demonstrate current blockade using atomically precise molecular clusters at room temperature. The team created a single cluster of geometrically ordered atoms with an inorganic core and positioned linkers to connect it to two gold electrodes, achieving reproducible transport characteristics.
Researchers at UTSW Medical Center identified a cellular receptor central to the undesirable effects of antipsychotic drugs, which are essential medications for millions worldwide. Co-treating with a weight-loss drug that targets the serotonin 2c receptor prevented weight gain and improved metabolic profiles in mice.
In fiscal 2016-17, UCI researchers secured $378 million in grants and contracts, with a strong focus on health research and collaborations with companies. The funding reflects continued support for the university's world-class faculty, facilities, and community-based programs.
A study found that the brain's reward center is tricked into thinking expensive wine tastes better due to its higher price. The 'marketing placebo effect' plays a role in this phenomenon, where identical products are perceived differently based on their prices.
Researchers developed theories supported by 3D simulations to explain the formation and dissipation of galaxy jets. The simulations show that instabilities in space jets are triggered by the interaction with surrounding matter, known as the ambient medium.
A new assay called OSU-SpARKFuse detects genetic changes in cancer cells and identifies novel gene fusions. The assay was validated using control specimens and then used to assess 95 tissue samples from patients with advanced cancer.
Analysis of ancient Roman coins found that the defeat of Hannibal during the Second Punic War led to a significant increase in Spanish silver mining revenue, contributing to Rome's expansion. This finding provides tangible evidence of Rome's transition from regional power to empire.
Scientists at KAUST have found that the edge of a surface structure plays a crucial role in water-droplet formation during vapor harvesting. This discovery reveals that rough-edged structures mimicking nature can be highly effective in collecting atmospheric water vapor, potentially improving efficiency in regions with limited rainfall...