A study found that mothers who respond with less physiological regulation and more emotional neutrality when their infants are distressed are more likely to have insecurely attached babies. This suggests that a muted maternal response can lead to increased infant distress.
Scientists found caterpillars have only 50,000 times fewer microbes than human guts, suggesting most are ingested from surroundings. Caterpillars can grow and develop without microbes, challenging the idea of a universal microbiome among animals
A study by UC Berkeley researchers found that reference pricing is effective in reducing patient spending on prescription drugs. The policy promotes the use of cheaper alternatives over brand-name options, resulting in a 7% increase in prescriptions filled for low-price reference drugs and a 14% decrease in average price paid.
A team of researchers at Penn State University has discovered a new pathway for nonstandard RNA transcription using high-resolution crystal structure. This finding provides insights into the mechanism of reiterative transcription, which plays a key role in controlling gene expression.
Professor Marta Tienda argues that a federal guarantee of quality education is needed to close achievement gaps and restore US schools' international preeminence. The current system's focus on standards and high-stakes testing ignores education funding disparities, leading to unequal opportunities for learning.
A University of Illinois economist found that property transactions in Kenya did not show significant price changes due to the Millennium Villages Project, despite increased amenities and subsidies. Residents may be holding onto their land to wait for potential value increases, suggesting a lack of perceived benefits.
A potential Miocene-era breeding site of the extinct baleen whale Parietobalaena yamaokai has been identified in Hiroshima, Japan. The discovery suggests that the northern hemisphere may have supported a breeding ground for this species dating back over 15 million years.
A new study found that low-income patients with high blood pressure are three times less likely to take their medications as directed if their healthcare providers do not use a collaborative communication style. The researchers also found that discussing social issues like employment and housing can increase medication adherence.
A study published in JAMA found that oral steroid prednisolone did not reduce symptom duration or severity in nonasthmatic adults with acute lower respiratory tract infections. The study randomly assigned 401 adults to receive either prednisolone or a placebo for five days, but no significant treatment effects were observed.
Scientists from the University of Melbourne and Huazhong University of Science and Technology have successfully trapped individual quantum dots using an all-silicon nanoantenna. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency of nanosensors in detecting biomarkers at low concentrations.
Researchers at CNIC and FJD have demonstrated a bimodal postinfarction inflammatory reaction in human patients using advanced MRI technology. The study reveals two distinct edematous reactions occurring at different times after an infarction, with implications for clinical trials and future studies.
A new study published in Nature Communications suggests that methane hydrates in the Arctic Ocean are not a significant contributor to global warming. The researchers found that hydrates are already seeping methane for thousands of years, and this process is not affected by short-term temperature warming.
A comprehensive review highlights the importance of lifestyle modifications and emerging approaches to manage menopausal symptoms after breast cancer. Non-pharmacologic therapies and several promising emerging agents show promise for symptom relief with reduced breast cancer risk.
Researchers have developed a method using the coffee-ring effect to analyze multiple components in a single drop of water easily and quickly. The technique provides a cost-effective alternative to traditional methods, which can be overwhelming and expensive for individuals to conduct at home.
A Michigan State University study found that salespeople who control the emotional tone of their buyer-seller relationship by expressing gratitude can foster customer loyalty and gratitude. By going above and beyond, salespeople can potentially outperform even long-term relationships in terms of customer satisfaction.
Researchers developed a framework for designing tailored microstructure patterns in materials using a combination of theory and experiment. They successfully simulated the solidification process of an aluminum-silver-copper alloy, comparing their results with experimental photographs.
Despite receiving medical attention for an overdose, Medicaid patients in Pennsylvania continued to have high prescription opioid use. Medication-assisted treatment increased after the overdose event, but overall opioid prescribing and duration of use decreased.
A team of researchers from the University of Utah has investigated the bond dissociation energy property in transition metal silicides, including precise values for six specific compounds. The new method provides an accurate means of estimating bond dissociation energies, with smaller uncertainties than previous approaches.
Researchers at NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have developed a laboratory model to study tick-borne flaviviruses, including Powassan virus. The new model involves culturing organs from Ixodes scapularis ticks with flaviviruses, which can infect salivary glands and midgut.
A new study reveals that frontline supervisors use micro-power strategies to cope with their middle-manager status, leading to inconsistent treatment of employees and supervisees. These strategies, used on a case-by-case basis, create a system that functions differently depending on location, potentially damaging morale.
Id genes have been linked to heart development for the first time, revealing a new tool to create large numbers of cardiac cells to regenerate damaged heart tissue. The study uses CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and high-throughput microRNA screening to identify the role Id genes play in heart development.
Scientists have created cyborg bacteria that can produce acetic acid from carbon dioxide using sunlight as energy, outperforming natural photosynthesis with an efficiency of over 80%. This technology has the potential to replace traditional petrochemical industries and provide a zero-waste solution.
Researchers found that six out of eight products saw a 0-7% drop in calorie sales after recipe changes. However, some customers swapped reformulated products for higher-calorie alternatives. The study suggests 'silent' product reformulation may help combat obesity by reducing calorie intake at low cost.
A recent survey of DNA fragments in human blood suggests that the majority of microbes inside us have never been seen before. The study, led by Stanford University researchers, found that nearly all non-human DNA fragments failed to match existing genetic databases, revealing a vast and diverse microbiome.
Researchers at the University of Vienna developed a quantum ruler for biomolecules using a novel arrangement of nanogratings and laser beams. The technique allows for precise measurement of molecular electronic properties, such as those of vitamins A, E, and K1, with high accuracy.
Research finds that intensive yoga and meditation retreats positively impact brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cortisol awakening response, and inflammatory markers. Participants experienced improved subjective wellbeing, mindfulness, and reduced anxiety and depression.
Research found that 5- and 6-year-olds attributed more mental states to characters of the same gender or geographic origin as them, highlighting early origins of social phenomena like dehumanization and bias between groups
Researchers suggest that plant hormones produced by plants can be synthesized by gut microbes, influencing inflammatory diseases. Consuming ABA-rich fruits and vegetables may help alleviate aspects of diabetes.
Researchers at ITMO University have developed a new approach for printing luminescent structures using europium-doped zirconia nanoparticle ink. The ink enables the fabrication of custom holograms with high stability and durability.
Researchers develop microorganisms that convert human urine and CO2 into chemicals to make new plastics and nutrients. The goal is to reduce waste and reuse resources for long-duration space missions, which require minimizing fuel costs by conserving weight.
Researchers found that largemouth bass stressed by air exposure are less likely to be caught by angling, suggesting a potential link between cortisol levels and fishing vulnerability. The study's findings have implications for fisheries management and the selection of fish populations for recreational fishing.
Researchers are developing a novel, non-invasive, infrared-light-based neuro-stimulation tool to map and image the effects of infrared light on the human brain. The goal is to modulate and improve brain waves and circuits, leading to potential improvements in memory and cognition.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University studied the stages of rock deformation and revealed a criterion that can predict the critical stage of fracture when rocks destroy. The study used acoustic emission signals to identify different energy distributions, which can indicate the transition to a critical state.
Researchers at the University of Basel developed a rapid test to diagnose Sp110 protein deficiency, a severe immune defect. The test uses flow cytometry to detect the presence of Sp110 protein in patient blood cells, enabling quick diagnosis in hours.
Researchers at The Institute of Cancer Research found a genetic weakness, BTK addiction, that makes oesophageal cancer cells sensitive to ibrutinib. This discovery could lead to a new approach to treatment for oesophageal cancer patients with MYC mutations.
Typhoon Hato is intensifying as it approaches mainland China, with extremely cold cloud top temperatures detected by NASA's AIRS instrument. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 65 knots, expected to strengthen further before making landfall.
A study published in JAMA Network finds that newer LDL-C reducing drugs are not cost-effective at current prices. To meet cost-effectiveness thresholds, prices would need to be reduced by more than two-thirds, according to a recent trial finding that these drugs reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events.
Long-term use of high-dose vitamin B6 and B12 supplements is associated with a two- to four-fold increased lung cancer risk in men. Male smokers taking these supplements were three times more likely to develop lung cancer, while those taking higher doses were approximately four times more likely.
Researchers discover latrophilin/CIRL receptor's mechanism of action, using ion channels and intracellular messengers to trigger signal cascades. The study uses Drosophila larvae and super-resolution microscopy to visualize receptor location and signal transmission.
Adult survivors of childhood cancer are more likely to experience financial burden from out-of-pocket healthcare costs, leading to behaviors that may harm their health. Survivors with higher costs were more likely to skip treatments, postpone medical care, and worry about accessing healthcare.
A study found that tweets about opioid misuse on Twitter were strongly correlated with state-by-state information from the National Surveys on Drug Usage and Health. The research used a list of keywords to extract relevant tweets, which were then clustered based on semantic distance and verified by medical toxicologists.
A recent study found that female adolescents from low-income households with wide salary gaps show changes to their brain maturation, indicating a higher risk of developing mental illness. The research suggests that social environment and income inequality can influence brain development.
New research found that students from less privileged backgrounds remain far less likely to participate in informal science learning experiences. Schools can play a leading role in encouraging interest in science among traditionally marginalized groups, argue researchers.
A new study identified over 11,000 miR-122 binding sites in a mouse model and found that three conserved target genes are associated with poor human HCC patient survival. The findings could help doctors predict liver cancer patient survival and develop an anticancer drug.
A study using fMRI scans found that reduced neural activity in teens at high risk of adult obesity may be an early predictor. The researchers discovered that lean adolescents with a family history of overweight parents showed less self-regulation activity than their peers.
Researchers found that serotonin can make neurons hyperactive and hypersensitive to stimuli in the brain, worsening tinnitus. The study has implications for treating anxiety or depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which may compound feelings of anxiety in patients with tinnitus.
NYU Tandon researchers develop novel microfluidic technology to study methane hydrate formation, measuring the impact of heat transfer and mass transfer on crystal propagation rates. The breakthrough could lead to new technologies for gas separations and efficient natural gas storage.
Researchers developed an algorithm using AI and big data to recognize dementia signatures two years before onset from a single amyloid PET scan. The tool could improve patient care and accelerate treatment research into Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study finds that megacities generate an average of $505 million in ecosystem services from trees, including air and water filtration, stormwater management, and energy savings. The value of tree benefits could be doubled by increasing tree cover, improving urban well-being and mitigating climate change.
Researchers at the University of Michigan and MIT have developed Vroom software that optimizes the end-to-end interaction between mobile devices and web servers. By bundling resources and sending 'dependency hints' to browsers, Vroom cuts median load times by half, from 10 seconds to 5 seconds.
A study found that patients with one normal BRCA gene and germline mutations in breast and ovarian cancers had better survival rates when treated with chemotherapy. The research team evaluated the genetic profiles of 160 tumors and discovered a relationship between BRCA gene retention and resistance to treatment. Patients with normal B...
New research reveals abstinence-only-until-marriage programs are ineffective in delaying sexual initiation and reducing risk behaviors. Comprehensive sex education has favorable effects on multiple adolescent behaviors, including delayed initiation of sexual activity.
Exposure to a complex environment with new sights, sounds, and experiences can strengthen infants' developing brains, helping maintain a smooth neural network. Environmental enrichment also plays a crucial role in strengthening motor and cognitive function in both children and adults.
A NASA infrared image shows former Tropical Storm Harvey's remnants causing heavy rainfall and gusty winds in the Yucatan Peninsula. The remnants have a high chance of reforming into a tropical cyclone over the next two to five days.
A new approach uses a polymer sponge implanted in fat tissue to reduce weight gain and blood-sugar levels in obese mice. The treatment, which 'gets the fat to talk' again, shows promise as a simpler alternative to current diabetes treatments.
A new study finds that quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) inhibit mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, and estrogenic functions. This raises concern about their impact on human health and potential reproductive harm.
A new blood test developed by TUM researchers can predict drug resistance in patients with advanced prostate cancer, analyzing AR-V7 RNA molecules for early detection. The test has shown high sensitivity and accuracy, identifying approximately one-fifth of patients with large amounts of resistant tumor cells.
Geologists at MIT found that ancient Earth's mantle was up to 200 degrees Celsius hotter, causing subducting plates to sink all the way to the bottom of the mantle. This led to a 'graveyard' of slabs atop the Earth's core, suggesting a significant change in how mantle convection and plate tectonic processes occurred.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed stretchable fuel cells that extract energy from sweat to power electronics. The biofuel cells generate 10 times more power per surface area than existing wearable biofuel cells.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found no correlation between thoracic kyphosis and physical function decline in those over 50. The study used CT scans to evaluate early signs of hyperkyphosis in a relatively young population, contradicting previous assumptions about its predictive value.