A peptide targeting senescent cells has shown evidence of improving healthspan in naturally-aged mice and mice genetically engineered to rapidly age. The approach reverses age-related loss of fur, poor kidney function, and frailty by blocking the ability of a protein implicated in senescence.
Researchers Claudia Kawas and Kristine Yaffe received the 2017 Potamkin Prize for their work on Alzheimer's disease epidemiology in the oldest-old population. Their studies highlight the critical role of modifiable risk factors in dementia prevention.
A new study recommends that pharmacies offer naloxone universally to patients taking opioid medications, without a prescription requirement. This could lead to a significant decrease in opioid-related overdose deaths.
Researchers from Michigan Medicine have identified a novel strategy to target the genetic anomaly that occurs in half of all prostate cancers. They developed large molecule peptides that can effectively target and degrade the ERG fusion with little impact on regular cell function.
Researchers at Uppsala University have discovered that antibodies against cartilage protein collagen II are associated with a good prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that patients with these antibodies showed increased signs of inflammation during the first six months after diagnosis, but no difference later on.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that poor oral health and food scarcity are major contributors to malnutrition in older adults. The research suggests that linking patients in need to existing food assistance programs, such as Meals on Wheels, can help address this issue.
The grant will support a 'Research Experiences for Undergraduates' program at FAU's SNMREC, focusing on ocean current resource assessment and system design. Student scholars will engage in hands-on research activities, seminars, and career mentoring.
Researchers developed a gene therapy that restored balance and hearing in genetically modified mice with Usher Syndrome. The study's positive results suggest potential for treating various inherited vestibular and hearing disorders in humans.
Scientists at UVA have discovered an unexpected connection between the immune system and the testes, which may explain why some cancer vaccines are failing to work. This finding could lead to new treatments for autoimmune disorders and male infertility, as doctors target specific antigens released by the testes.
Researchers used ALMA to detect emissions from two distant galaxies, revealing massive, dusty systems with high star formation rates and extended layers of gas. The galaxies are embedded in a large halo or disk of neutral hydrogen gas, indicating rapid growth and evolution.
The Keck School of Medicine is exploring the link between GERD and esophageal cancer, with a focus on inflammation, injury, and repair in the esophagus. The research aims to better understand how myofibroblasts contribute to esophageal cancer development.
Researchers have developed an adsorbent material from orange and grapefruit peels that can effectively remove heavy metals and organic compounds from wastewater. The new material has great potential as a sustainable alternative for industrial water treatment processes.
Researchers developed a modified Hi-C technique to identify incorrect scaffold positions and anchor sequences, achieving 99% genome assembly accuracy for human genomes. The technique was applied to assemble the genomes of two mosquito species, revealing shared ancestry that could aid in controlling disease-carrying vectors.
Researchers have identified a new molecular target, OR51B4 olfactory receptor, in colorectal cancer cells, which can be activated by the odorant troenan. This activation leads to inhibition of tumour growth, slowing down cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis.
Researchers developed high-speed computational software 'Parallel STEPS' to model neuronal interactions and functions. The new approach achieved significantly improved performance, enabling faster simulation of complex models and revealing new insights into individual neuron behavior.
A new diagnostic model, Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), has been proposed to address fundamental flaws in the current DSM-5 model. HiTOP allows for a continuous, dimensional assessment of psychopathology, enabling more personalized treatment and recognition of significant problems.
Researchers found no association between mosquito abundance and dengue virus risk, but longitudinal indicators showed individuals living with mosquito evidence were more likely to contract dengue. Alternative surveillance frameworks incorporating human outcomes may be necessary for effective dengue control programs.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new material that balances carbon dioxide sequestration and methane selectivity in natural gas production. The filter, made with a polymer-based sorbent, achieves optimal performance by adjusting the ratio of potassium, oxygen, and hydrogen activation reagents during processing.
Researchers at U of A have identified a potential target for treating multiple sclerosis by discovering an underlying defect in brain cells. The study found that two sub-components within a cell are miscommunicating in patients with MS, triggering dysfunction and toxicity for brain cells.
Researchers discovered that thin parts of neuronal membranes are vulnerable to amyloid-beta protein, which builds up in Alzheimer's disease. The study found that thinner membrane fragments allow plaque to penetrate the cell, leading to cell death and memory loss.
Scientists from WCS have discovered a new species of wild ginger, Aframomum ngamikkense, in the Kabobo Massif, one of Africa's most biodiverse sites. The discovery underscores the importance of conservation efforts for this region, which has already yielded eight endemic species.
A study by UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center found that women diagnosed with cancer during their childbearing years are at a higher risk of delivering preterm and having babies with low birth weight. The study identified potential risks for mothers who are cancer survivors, including a greater risk of cesarean section deliveries.
Berkeley Lab researchers develop first 3-D atomic-scale model of P22 virus that identifies critical protein interactions crucial for its stability. The successful rendering allows peeking inside the virus' protein coats at resolution.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found significant changes in dopamine and serotonin transporters after a seven-day spiritual retreat, leading to increased positive emotions and self-transcendence. The study suggests that such retreats could prime the brain for spiritual experiences.
Researchers at Silicon Studio developed an algorithm that uses 'ensemble' and survival analysis methods to predict when users will leave a mobile game. The model can automatically adapt to different games and data, enabling companies to understand user needs and design more entertaining games.
Researchers detect 75% of a typical galaxy's star formation obscured by dust, revealing surprising findings about the early universe. The Large Millimeter Telescope allows for deeper observations, pushing our knowledge of dust production and metal enrichment over cosmic time.
Researchers at Aalto University have developed a manufacturing method for electrocatalysts using one hundredth of the usual amount of platinum, reducing costs and increasing functionality. The new material has been proven to be stable and usable in laboratory conditions.
Scientists at WashU Medicine have implicated SARM1 in the self-destruction of axons, a process that leads to nerve cell damage in neurodegenerative diseases. The study suggests that blocking this pathway could slow or prevent disease progression and has implications for treating peripheral neuropathy.
Human embryonic stem cells exist in two states: naïve and primed. Researchers have identified molecular flags on these cells, allowing them to track and investigate their transition. This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of gene activity changes during reprogramming.
Researchers created a mouse model to study how cerebral malaria leads to epilepsy in children and develop treatments. The model, developed by Penn State, is the first of its kind and has potential applications for preventing seizures and sudden unexplained death from epilepsy.
A study by University of Exeter researchers found that US Republicans are less likely to be critical of Obamacare when reminded about their own medical needs. When asked to assess the performance of the Affordable Care Act in a more personal context, Republicans viewed evidence in a more balanced way.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology found that oxygen isotopic compositions of sulfate and nitrate fluctuate seasonally, reflecting sunlight-driven changes in oxidation pathways. The study suggests that these fluctuations are not influenced by ozone variations.
Researchers at MIT and Stanford develop Splinter, a system that disguises database queries to protect user privacy. The system uses function secret sharing to split queries across multiple servers, making it impossible for anyone other than the user to determine what query was executed.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new tool to distinguish between immature and mature embryonic stem cells. These cells hold great potential for replacing damaged tissue and understanding early embryonic development.
A study by Kansas State University researcher Emily Mailey found that new moms who followed a more flexible approach to exercise increased physical activity and perceived barriers to be less surmountable. The flexible program allowed mothers to choose their favorite exercise, increasing prolonged physical activity.
A new study reveals that circular RNAs, previously thought to be non-coding, can encode for proteins. The discovery suggests an unexplored layer of gene activity and may have implications for understanding aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that a 2°C rise in sea surface temperature in June 2015 led to a 6°C rise on Dongsha Atoll, killing approximately 40% of the resident coral community. The researchers suggest that natural cooling mechanisms can no longer protect corals from the effects of global warming.
A new study led by University of Nebraska-Lincoln ecologist John Benson found that eastern coyotes hunt moose and other large prey far less frequently than does the eastern wolf. The findings suggest that eastern coyotes have not filled the ecological niche left vacant when the eastern wolf became threatened.
The CLUE Working Group conducted two systematic reviews to address thrombosis and hemorrhage risks after urological cancer operations and other forms of urological surgery. The studies found that anticoagulant prophylaxis is justified in high-risk patients, but not necessarily in low-risk procedures.
A new invasive species, Anolis porcatus from Cuba, has been identified in the São Paulo coast of Brazil near the Port of Santos. The species, a generalist predator, competes with native lizards for resources and could potentially harm local ecosystems.
A new study from Indiana University Center for Aging Research and Regenstrief Institute found that the intensity of hospice services was similar across nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and patient homes, but with variations in service mix based on diagnosis and location.
Scientists have developed a new technique to produce human brain and muscle cells in just a few days, allowing for the creation of millions of functional cells. This breakthrough method, OPTi-OX, enables researchers to study diseases such as Alzheimer's and Multiple Sclerosis at unprecedented purities.
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) proposes a new classification system for mental disorders based on scientific evidence and illness symptoms. This approach addresses limitations of the DSM-5, such as unstable diagnoses and co-occurring disorders, by categorizing mental illnesses on a spectrum.
A recent study analyzing genome sequencing and epidemiologic data from 32 cancer types found that nearly two-thirds of mutations in these cancers are attributable to random errors. The researchers' approach offers a novel perspective on cancer development, highlighting the need for more research efforts focused on secondary prevention.
Research finds that dengue virus transmissions are often centered in and around homes, with a high percentage of cases related to individuals living within a short distance. The study's findings could aid in developing targeted mosquito control programs and reducing severe illness.
A network of clinical trials aims to find the right treatment for the right patient, using individual molecular profiles. The project will recruit 658 patients across the UK, with a focus on matching patients with suitable clinical trials already in progress.
A new study demonstrates that people use the word "you" in a general sense to distance themselves psychologically from negative experiences. Participants who used generic 'you' reported more psychological distance from their negative experiences, suggesting a coping mechanism.
A new study by UBC researchers found that inactive teenagers have weaker bones than their active peers. The four-year study measured bone strength and found that kids who didn't meet daily physical activity recommendations had significantly weaker bones.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital report achieving strong vaccine responses in newborn animals and monkeys using a new adjuvant formulation. The study demonstrates the potential for a single-dose vaccine to protect against life-threatening infections, promising to reduce infant mortality globally.
Researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified the active site in a commonly used catalyst for making methanol from CO2. They found that copper zinc oxide should give the best results, with a synergy between copper and zinc oxide accelerating the chemical transformation.
Joe Feser's $500,000 NSF grant will focus on manipulating heat transfer by phonons using embedded nanoparticles. The research aims to engineer materials with improved thermal properties for applications such as nanostructured electronic and optical materials.
A German survey found that overall awareness of heart failure has not increased over the past decade, with many adults lacking knowledge on its causes, presentation, prognosis, and treatment. The study emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about heart failure to improve early recognition and treatment.
Researchers at Tohoku University used large-scale hybrid quantum-classical simulations to explain ATP hydrolysis energy. They discovered the microscopic mechanism of AHE release in water, finding that electronic-state stabilization and hydration free energy compensate for each other.
Researchers developed minitablets with synthetic flavourings and coatings to enhance palatability, making it easier for cats to take medication. The study found that amino acids and vitamin B-based flavours were promising options, but further research is needed.
A new protocol has been shown to be safe and effective in assessing older people who have fallen. The guidelines reduce further 999 calls and left fewer people without continuing care after their fall by 11%.
Poor smell was associated with an 8% lower risk of mortality, while those with complete olfactory loss had a 19% higher risk of death. Olfactory assessments may provide insights into the aging brain and future research aims to pinpoint underlying biological processes.
The Association for Molecular Pathology published consensus recommendations to validate next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based oncology panels. The guidelines address NGS test development, optimization and familiarization, and best practices for establishing test performance characteristics.
Binghamton University researchers developed a micro-scale self-sustaining bacterial fuel cell that generated power for 13 straight days through symbiotic interactions of two types of bacteria. The cell produced an electrical current about 70 times greater than phototrophic bacteria alone.
Researchers aim to enhance couples' communication to reduce drug use and HIV infection risk among partnered gay men. The brief 3-session intervention integrates HIV testing and counseling into an existing evidence-based program.
Researchers at Colorado State University are using Google Street View cars equipped with methane analyzers to create a comprehensive inventory of urban methane leak sources. The project aims to help utility companies prioritize leak repairs based on emissions, reducing pipeline methane emissions by 30% and accelerating crucial repairs.