A new study found that student diversity alone is not enough to make a college campus feel inclusive, with institutions prioritizing selectivity and prestige instead. Researchers analyzed 1,845 institutions and found that more selective universities with fewer Pell Grant recipients were more likely to experience student-led activism.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have identified a new weakness in medulloblastoma, the most common form of childhood brain tumour, which could lead to more targeted treatments. The study found that high levels of BMI1 and low levels of CHD7 are associated with poor prognosis in aggressive human medulloblastoma.
Researchers from UC Davis predict certain traits, such as internal fertilization and long-distance mating signals, can help rare species persist during crises. These traits may provide advantages for chronically rare species when compared to more common species that are likely to face extinction during great extinction events.
Research reveals that variation within species has significant ecological consequences, often rivaling those of species themselves. The study found that trait differences can affect prey populations and grazing insects, leading to indirect effects on ecosystems.
A recent study found that drugs reviewed through FDA's expedited programs were approved in median development times of 7.1 years, significantly faster than those in non-expedited programs. This analysis provides new insights into the effectiveness of these accelerated review pathways for treating serious diseases.
Researchers at the University of Washington have created a system that allows 3D-printed plastic objects to wirelessly communicate with other WiFi-connected devices using backscatter techniques. These objects can sense useful data and send information to other smart devices, enabling applications such as automated laundry ordering and ...
Researchers found that a blood test for tumour DNA can predict the likelihood of aggressive skin cancer returning, with 33% of patients who tested positive being alive after five years compared to 65% of those who didn't. The study also revealed that patients with faults in genes BRAF and NRAS are more likely to experience a return wit...
A new study found that 50% of transgender young Canadians avoid healthcare because they're uncomfortable with doctors, leading to negative health outcomes. Increasing provider knowledge is crucial for improving the health of this vulnerable group.
Scientists at Fudan University have designed a high-rate and long-life lithium-ion battery with improved low-temperature performance. The battery system features a cold-enduring hard-carbon anode and a powerful lithium-rich cathode, with the initial lithiation step integrated.
A team of archaeologists and scientists revised the chronology of the last hunter-gatherers in the Near East, finding that they could live comfortably in the steppe zone. The Natufian Culture, which existed from 14,500 to 11,500 years ago, was previously thought to be limited to the Mediterranean woodland zone.
Researchers developed a tracking system using NFER sensors to monitor ICU nurses' daily tasks, enabling more efficient planning of nurse shifts and hospital unit design. The study aims to advance understanding of ICU nurses' workflow and improve healthcare delivery processes.
A study found that children aged 12-17 are more likely to contemplate, plan, and attempt suicide when parents do not engage in behaviors demonstrating care. Parents can mitigate this risk by expressing pride, helping with homework, and being emotionally engaged.
Researchers have discovered that visible light causes damage to skin cells, which is not blocked by conventional sunscreens. A colored sunscreen developed using nanoparticles coated with melanin provides protection against UVA, UVB and visible light.
Researchers found that infants raised in homes with multiple accents recognize words differently than those exposed to single accents. The study suggests that children from diverse linguistic environments process language uniquely and highlights the importance of considering accent variation when studying speech development.
A reevaluation of the Haarlem specimen reveals it to be a predator anchiornithid rather than Archaeopteryx, shedding new light on the evolutionary transition from reptiles to birds. The fossil's taxonomic analysis suggests that modern birds are direct descendants of carnivorous dinosaurs.
Research suggests breast cancer screening in the Netherlands has a marginal effect on mortality, with improved treatments associated with a 28% reduction. Overdiagnosis has steadily increased due to extended screening and digital mammography.
A new study suggests that augmented-reality technology can improve ocular balance in individuals with amblyopia, a condition where signals between the brain and one eye go awry. The technology, which delivers altered but complementary video to each eye in real time, forced participants to make use of both eyes cooperatively.
Researchers developed a new approach to monitoring algae blooms near lake shores, combining satellite and drone imaging for early detection. The tool offers near-daily updates, fast water quality monitoring, and better chorophyll a distribution maps.
The density and length of teeth on male bush-crickets' wings play a crucial role in altering the tone of their mating calls, with shorter files producing more musical calls and rigid files with higher tooth density producing lower tonal purity.
Researchers developed an algorithm to balance information exposure on social media, allowing users to see both sides of controversial discussions. The algorithm identifies and selects influential users who can spread balanced viewpoints, helping to break echo chambers.
A study published in Obesity found that individuals with Type 2 diabetes and obesity who continue to binge eat while trying to lose weight drop significantly less weight than those who don't or stop binge eating. Researchers recommend targeting treatment for this behavior, such as cognitive behavioral therapy.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories and University of California Merced developed a new catalyst that uses molybdenum disulfide to increase surface area and handle higher temperatures than platinum. The innovative design allows for more efficient hydrogen production, reducing the cost of fuel cells.
Researchers developed a set of tools to assess the risk of violent extremism in college populations. Key findings include feelings of injustice, personal grievances, and marginalization as risk factors.
Researchers measured gas levels in comet 45P, revealing it doesn't match any studied before, with carbon monoxide and methane being detected. The team found a larger-than-average share of frozen methanol, raising questions about its origin.
Genetic research reveals swamp wallabies are part of the Macropus genus, which includes grey and red kangaroos. The study found shared retrotransposons with woodland wallabies, indicating a common ancestry around five to seven million years ago.
A study found that walking through traffic-polluted streets like Oxford Street in London can have negative effects on the heart and lungs, particularly in older adults. The study suggests that reducing vehicle emissions could help individuals enjoy the health benefits of physical activity.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a computational simulation that shows the potential of ultrafast laser pulses to switch electrons' spins in magnetic materials, enabling faster magnetic memory devices. The study suggests perovskite manganites and layered manganites as possible materials for testing their model.
High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and arachidonic acid, are associated with a reduced risk of asthma and rhinitis in children. The study found that children with higher blood levels of these fatty acids at age 8 were less likely to develop the diseases by age 16.
A new treatment approach for ovarian cancer has shown promising results in a mouse model. Combining drugs that reactivate dormant genes with those that activate the immune system led to greater tumor reduction and longer survival rates compared to single-drug treatments.
Researchers have discovered two super-Earths around the red dwarf star K2-18, one of which could be a scaled-up version of our own planet. The newly found planet, K2-18c, is likely too hot to support life, but its companion, K2-18b, has potential for liquid surface water and might harbor conditions suitable for life.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab successfully deploy dark fiber for seismic monitoring, detecting earthquakes and changes in permafrost conditions. The technique uses distributed acoustic sensing to measure seismic waves, providing comparable results to conventional seismometers.
Researchers found that certain bacterial strains can produce factors that increase or decrease the susceptibility of another bacterium to antibiotics. The study identified three specific factors: LasA, rhamnolipids, and HQNO, which could be used to create new antibiotics or develop genetic tests to detect antibiotic resistance
Researchers at Lobachevsky University are creating a neurochip that can transmit signals to healthy brain cells, potentially replacing damaged areas. The team aims to develop an artificial neural network of 100 nerve cells within three years.
A study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons found that female athletes experience a higher concussion injury rate than male athletes. Athletes with a prior concussion injury were three times more likely to suffer another contact sport-related concussion.
The European Union is requiring hybrid and pure electric vehicles to be equipped with acoustic vehicle alerting systems, which could lead to increased noise pollution. René Weinandy, head of Noise Abatement in Transport for the German Environment Agency, expressed concerns about the potential harm of these systems.
A new study found that a shorter course of radiation therapy using higher doses over fewer days may provide a better outcome for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. The study analyzed data from over 5,000 men and showed a significant 13% reduction in the risk of recurrence with hypofractionated radiation therapy (HRT) compared ...
Scientists at King's College London have discovered a seaweed compound that can protect human skin from UV radiation without harming marine ecosystems. The mycosporine-like amino acid, palythine, has been shown to absorb harmful rays and offer antioxidant protection against cellular damage.
Bill Schell, a Montana State University assistant professor, has been recognized as an ASEM Fellow for his contributions to engineering management and leadership. He is one of only 72 members to receive the award since 1988.
MIT engineers have devised a 3D printing technique that uses live bacteria cells to create interactive structures. The team printed a 'living tattoo' with branches that light up in response to different chemical stimuli, demonstrating the potential for wearable sensors and interactive displays.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that men infected with one type of HPV are 20 times more likely to be reinfected within a year. Vaccination before sexual contact is crucial in preventing initial infection, while vaccinating previously infected men could also reduce reinfection risk.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania discovered that nutrients regulate the brain's hunger alarm system. By associating unfamiliar foods with low calorie content, mice can temporarily turn off the neurons responsible for hunger, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing overeating and obesity.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed a new approach to analyzing complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs), enabling rapid and precise identification of their causes and impact on DNA and cellular formation. This breakthrough could lead to significant advances in diagnosing and treating genetic disorders and certain cancers.
A recent study on lemurs found that a similar diet leads to identical gut microbiomes, highlighting the importance of diet in shaping microbial ecosystems. The researchers also discovered common metabolic pathways between lemurs and humans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), raising questions about their role in human health.
The report highlights the need for Europe to change its diet to improve consumer health and mitigate climate change. Scientists recommend decreasing animal protein consumption, introducing new incentives for affordable nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture practices.
Assistant Professor Nick Fang will receive $150,000 to help the Corps produce highly accurate hydrologic and hydraulic models. The project aims to create models that can map floodplains and aid in planning construction and maintenance of infrastructure.
A study published in mBio reveals a strong connection between the onset and severity of acute infectious mononucleosis (mono or 'kissing disease') and the T-cell population, specifically those that react to both EBV and influenza A virus. Individuals with severe cases of mono have higher levels of cross-reactive T-cells, while those wi...
Researchers have clarified the scientific name of the world's heaviest bony fish, identifying it as a 2,300 kilogram Mola alexandrini bump-head sunfish. The species was previously misclassified as Mola mola, but new study reveals its distinct characteristics.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism of estrogen action on heart physiology, revealing that xenoestrogens can influence cardiac function by regulating thyroid hormone production. This study highlights the potential risks of environmental estrogens on human health.
A new study reveals that ant colonies have unique personalities, with some being more aggressive than others. These differences are correlated with the health of the plants they inhabit, suggesting a complex relationship between colony behavior and host plant survival.
Tropical Cyclone Ockhi was found to produce very heavy rainfall, with storms northwest of the eye dropping precipitation at rates over 60 mm/hour. The storm's vertical wind shear caused it to weaken, leading to a final landfall near the Gulf of Khambhat on Dec. 6.
Researchers have proven the effectiveness of copper nanoparticles as a catalyst for organic synthesis reactions, which is an ideal alternative to toxic heavy metal catalysts like palladium. The use of copper nanoparticles offers numerous benefits, including lower costs, improved selectivity and yields, and recyclability.
A new RAND Corporation study finds that US transportation and water infrastructure funding is not broken, but a national consensus on priorities is needed. Targeted spending increases can largely eliminate maintenance backlogs by 2030, while federal capital funding can include resilience requirements for natural disasters and climate c...
A new study finds that short-term exposure to air pollution in urban areas like London can prevent the positive effects of exercise on cardiovascular and respiratory health. The research suggests that older adults should walk in green spaces away from built-up areas and pollution from traffic.
A nationwide study found that mandatory newborn screening policies for critical congenital heart defects significantly reduced infant cardiac deaths. The study, which analyzed data from 2007-2013, showed a notable decrease in early infant deaths due to these defects in states with implemented mandatory screening policies.
A study published in PeerJ found that the microbial community on the International Space Station is diverse and closely resembles homes on Earth. The research team compared the bacteria found on the ISS to data from other projects, including the Human Microbiome Project and the Wildlife of Our Homes study.
Three MIT Portugal PhD student projects have won the TecInnov Thales competition, focusing on energy, mobility and sustainability. Pedro Fraga's ASIST project aims to reduce inspection costs in critical infrastructures, while Diogo Henriques' indoor air quality monitoring system infers occupancy rates and comfort.
Researchers found seals exhibit high stress when great white sharks are present, particularly in areas with no escape routes. Seals show reduced stress at islands with kelp beds and reefs providing safe passage from predators.
A new study published in The Lancet found that short-term exposure to air pollution on city streets can cancel out the beneficial health effects of exercise in adults over 60. Researchers recommend stricter air quality limits and better traffic-control measures, as well as increasing access to green spaces for people to exercise.
Scientists have successfully developed a biologically accurate mass-production platform for bioengineering human liver tissues suitable for therapeutic transplant into people. The new process allows researchers to generate single batches of up to 20,000 genetically matched, three-dimensional and highly functional liver micro-buds.
Researchers discovered a hybrid electrolyte that combines aqueous and organic characteristics to increase the performance of vertical graphene nanosheets in supercapacitors. The hybrid electrolyte and potassium hydroxide activation improved nanostructure and charge storage capacity, resulting in fivefold improvements in capacitance.