The study aims to understand the long-term neurologic effects of mild TBI and other deployment-related conditions. It will analyze the impact of TBI on thinking ability, memory, mood, and focus, as well as explore biological factors that influence outcomes.
The study investigates the effects of surface area, total pore volume, and pore size distribution on Li-S battery performances. A porous carbon material with a high micropore volume ratio presents improved electrochemical performances, including high initial discharge capacity and cycle stability.
Research by Osaka University finds that noradrenaline modulates the primary visual cortex, reducing spontaneous neural activity and suppressing contrast sensitivity. This suggests a new therapeutic target for improving vision and machine learning in patients.
A novel, sensitive and stable photodetector has been created based on a semiconducting junction called GdNiO3/Nb-doped SrTiO3. The device eliminates the need for an external power source, allowing for efficient separation of photo-generated carriers.
Researchers developed a model to predict the impact of vaccine campaigns on invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease in young children in Mali. The study found that a two-dose schedule with booster would prevent 73% of iNTS cases and 43% of deaths.
Research reveals African penguins forage in wrong places due to climate change and fishing, leading to low survival rates. Models suggest breeding numbers could be 50% lower if birds can escape the ecological trap.
Researchers validated 70 genes associated with congenital heart disease in fruit flies, including those modifying histone structure. This approach may enable precise gene-editing techniques for tailored treatments.
Scientists have developed artificial pollinators using tiny drones coated with a sticky gel, which can pick up pollen from one flower and deposit it onto another. The innovation uses horse hairs to mimic the fuzzy exterior of a bee, allowing the drones to effectively collect and transfer pollen.
A Yale University review of animal studies found that therapies successful in animals fail in humans due to early intervention timing and narrow study designs. The researchers highlight the need for more accurate translation from animal models to human trials.
A woman in Argentina endured multiple strokes, resulting in extensive brain damage, yet remained functional. Despite lesions in both hemispheres, her cognitive abilities and emotional recognition remained near-normal.
The MMS spacecraft flies in a highly elliptical orbit around Earth, mapped in three dimensions using a tetrahedral formation. The mission uses GPS signals to calculate location and design maneuvers for precise control.
Researchers at OIST have developed a novel technique that targets lipid rafts on cancer cell membranes to block migration. The molecule works by physically pinning the cancer cell, causing it to rupture and leading to cell death.
Researchers at ANU have developed dynamic liquid materials that can be remotely controlled by changing wave patterns, enabling new techniques to manipulate micro-organisms. This breakthrough could lead to innovations in invisibility cloaking, superlenses and high-efficiency antennae.
A team of researchers from Universitêl Laval cast doubt on the idea that genetic redundancy makes organisms more resilient to genetic perturbations. They found that paralogous genes in bread yeast were more often necessary for cellular function than previously thought, highlighting a potential vulnerability to mutations.
Researchers developed a computer machine-learning model that accurately predicts which AML patients will go into remission following treatment. The model was trained using bone marrow data and medical histories of AML patients, achieving 100% accurate predictions for remission and 90% accurate predictions for relapse.
A UCLA-led team of scientists has discovered a white dwarf star with an atmosphere rich in carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, the components of water. The study suggests that the planetary system associated with the white dwarf contains materials necessary for life.
Researchers from the University of Maryland have developed a blood test that can help doctors diagnose schizophrenia more quickly. The test measures oxidative stress in blood samples, which may be linked to the disorder and its treatment response.
A new supplemental issue of The Gerontologist presents the findings of the largest national survey on LGBT older adults' health and well-being. Findings show that LGBT older adults face higher rates of disability, cardiovascular disease, depression, and social isolation.
A new research framework developed by the University of Queensland aims to identify and track ecosystem services at risk due to growing human demand. The framework allows for analysis of supply and demand, natural system condition, and future demand changes, providing a basis for global assessments.
Researchers conclude that warming climate causes gas hydrate breakdown, but emissions are small and mostly remain in undersea sediments. The study challenges the popular perception of catastrophic methane releases from hydrates.
African penguins are getting stuck in the wrong part of the sea due to fishing and climate change, leading to reduced food supply and higher mortality rates. Researchers suggest that translocating chicks to safe areas or implementing spatial fishing closures could help protect the endangered species.
Researchers found that bacteria can quickly adapt to antibiotic treatments by evolving dormancy mechanisms. Once tolerant, they rapidly acquire resistance mutations, making it difficult for antibiotics to kill them. This discovery has important implications for the development of new antibiotics.
A decline in automobile travel from 2003-2014 showed a significant reduction in car crash deaths, particularly among young men. Physical activity levels remained unchanged during this period.
A new study reveals gills originated earlier than thought, suggesting a link between active lifestyle and evolutionary history. Gills develop from the same embryonic tissue in jawed and jawless vertebrates, supporting a single origin of these respiratory organs.
Researchers have developed a new method of genetic engineering that creates artificial restriction enzymes with enhanced sequence specificity and defined sticky ends. This technology has the potential to revolutionize genomic research and gene editing by improving precision and reducing obstacles posed by existing restriction enzymes.
A computational model of emphysema has been developed to compare novel and traditional treatments, showing that mechanical forces play a critical role in disease progression. The study suggests that newer lung volume reduction techniques can achieve comparable outcomes as current surgical approaches.
Scientists developed a generative neural network to create new pharmaceutical medicines with specific properties. The network, trained on millions of molecular structures, identified 69 potential anticancer compounds and hundreds more using a powerful extension of the method.
A new ultra-low dose four-in-one pill has shown remarkable results in treating high blood pressure, with all patients experiencing significant drops in blood levels within 4 weeks. Researchers also found no side effects associated with the treatment, which could be a game-changer for patients worldwide.
Researchers identify factors determining when containment or aggressive treatment is best, providing new guidance for physicians and patients. Containment strategies can prolong treatment life and improve outcomes in certain situations.
The new method can pinpoint kidney damage in under three-quarters of an hour, using blood/urine with the help of fumarase. Researchers expect the method to be transferable to patients soon, and are currently testing it on patient blood samples.
A new study from Tufts University reveals that honey bees fine-tune their nutrient-seeking behavior based on the seasonality of their floral diet. Bees forage for minerals like calcium, magnesium, and potassium in water sources that reflect what's lacking in their pollen-based diet.
Researchers develop new method to analyze shale samples using NMR and molecular dynamics simulations, helping determine hydrocarbon presence and extraction difficulty. The approach improves identification of gas, oil, and water in organic shales.
A new MBL study has shed light on the origin of vertebrate gills, indicating they evolved around 600 million years ago. The research corrects a long-held misunderstanding that gills developed separately and independently in two vertebrate lineages.
Researchers at Lund University discovered that malaria mosquitos are sensitive to horseradish, similar to the effects of heat on vertebrates. This finding suggests a shared molecular mechanism underlying temperature sensing in insects and animals.
Two research papers use OMG observations to document how meltwater and ocean currents interact along Greenland's west coast, improving seafloor maps used to predict future melting and sea level rise. The study also reveals the role of meltwater in cooling warmer subsurface water and tracking its impact on glacier melt rates.
A team of researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine has identified a crucial enzyme, RAG-2, that enables precise DNA rearrangement during white blood cell development. This process is essential for producing novel antibodies that recognize and combat viruses and bacteria.
Researchers discovered that an algorithm called additive increase, multiplicative decrease (AIMD) is used both in engineered systems like the Internet and biological networks like the human brain. This finding sheds light on how the brain manages information and potentially helps understand learning disabilities.
A recent study published in Immunity reveals how killer cells coordinate with dendritic cells to create an army of immune cells. The research, conducted by the University of Bonn, found that killer cells form a team and trigger chemical signals to recruit other cell types, leading to a coordinated and strong immune response.
A novel microfluidic device models human kidney function, exhibiting more natural cell behaviors than traditional culturing methods. The device's glomerular filtration system is crucial for healthy cell function and accurately predicting renal drug toxicity in humans.
Researchers found that combining a kinase inhibitor and an oncolytic herpes virus results in significantly increased antitumor efficacy against MPNST and neuroblastoma. The study suggests that this combination could lead to improved treatment options for patients with these rare cancers.
Researchers at UCSB discovered a way to confer electricity-generating ability on non-electrogenic bacteria by feeding them synthetic iron-containing molecules. This technique has potential applications for sustainable electricity generation and wastewater treatment.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new terahertz chip technology that can generate and capture intricate details of terahertz waves. The system uses tiny devices inside the microchip to read patterns created by the waves, enabling potential applications in medical imaging, communications, and drug development.
A researcher argues that permitting some individuals to continue self-injuring in mental health units can be a more respectful and less harmful approach than traditional methods. This harm reduction strategy aims to reduce the risk of serious injury while acknowledging the individual's autonomy.
New research uncovers a connection between Crohn's disease and spondyloarthritis, finding that IgA-coated E. coli bacteria trigger inflammation in Th17 cells. This discovery may lead to the development of diagnostic tools and therapies targeting both conditions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology create porous protein crystals with increased porosity, allowing for the accumulation and storage of exogenous molecules in living cells. The engineered crystals showed high stability and ability to retain fluorescent dyes in live cells.
Researchers found that high cortisol levels in hair samples tracked closely with standard diagnostic techniques for Cushing Syndrome. The study's findings suggest that hair analysis may prove useful as a less-invasive screening test or confirmatory tool for the condition.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have identified a new cause of brain defects in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) patients. The study reveals that a protein called connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) impedes oligodendrocyte development and myelination in the brains of TSC patients.
Chemists have developed a new technique called redox activated chemical tagging (ReACT) that selectively links chemicals to proteins. This method could transform the way drugs are developed, proteins are probed, and molecules are tracked and imaged.
Physicists at University of Bonn create method to quickly and precisely sort large numbers of atoms, pushing development of future quantum computers forward. The technique allows atoms to interact with each other in targeted manner to exploit quantum-mechanical effects for calculations.
Patients with primary non-English language fluency face disparities in completing kidney transplant evaluations, ultimately affecting their access to a transplant. Researchers found that linguistically isolated households were linked to lower likelihoods of transitioning to active waitlist status and incomplete evaluations.
A study by University of California San Francisco researchers found that installing a bedside interpreter-phone system improved understanding of healthcare procedures among patients with limited English. The system reduced errors and disparities in care, especially for Chinese- and Spanish-speaking patients.
The Reference Catalog of Galaxy SEDs (RCSED) contains value-added information about 800,000 galaxies, derived from the elaborated data analysis. The catalog presents properties such as stellar composition, brightness at various wavelengths, and galaxy spectra obtained by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
A large-scale study detected high levels of antibiotic resistance genes in estuaries along China's coastline, with some samples containing up to 100 million genes per gram of sediment. The study suggests that human activity, particularly inadequate wastewater treatment, is the primary cause of this environmental pollution.
Researchers have developed a direct radiolabeling method for nanomaterials using nanographene, eliminating the need for chelators. This approach significantly improves bioimaging accuracy and reduces biases. The method was tested in mice models and showed promising results.
A recent study found that antibiotic use among travelers increases the risk of contracting antibiotic-resistant ESBL intestinal bacteria. In fact, up to 80% of those taking antibiotics brought the most resistant strains back home with them. The use of antibiotics while traveling selects for the broadest spectrum of resistance.
A new study analyzing ancient horse fossils reveals that patterns of migration and environmental changes are key drivers of evolutionary development. Contrary to the rapid phenotypic evolution theory, researchers found no significant difference in body size evolution between lineages with high and low speciation rates, suggesting that ...
Researchers used time-reversed convection modeling to reconstruct ancient mantle structure, finding a second upwelling contributing to the Deccan Traps eruption. A currently active hotspot, Réunion, was also active 65 million years ago.
Scientists are investigating how increased cell death from high blood pressure leads to inflammation and further increases blood pressure. They aim to identify targets that could block unintended results without suppressing the natural immune response.
Researchers at Harvard have developed a new flow battery that stores energy in organic molecules dissolved in neutral pH water. The battery loses only one percent of its capacity per 1000 cycles, making it long-lasting and cost-effective.
Tropical Cyclone Carlos was detected by NASA's Terra satellite as it moved south of La Reunion Island. The storm showed a tight circle of thunderstorms around its center and maximum sustained winds of 63.2 mph (102 kph). Further intensification is expected over the next 24 hours before weakening due to vertical wind shear
The team estimated the solar nebula's lifetime using ancient meteorites that formed 4.653 billion years ago, suggesting it disappeared within the first 4 million years of the solar system's formation. The findings indicate that gas giants Jupiter and Saturn must have formed early in the solar system's history.
Researchers developed hand-held spectrometers using meta-lenses, enabling real-time monitoring of pollutants and toxic chemicals. The devices can be customized and mass-produced, offering significant potential for applications in healthcare diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
Scientists have developed a new system to aid identification of potential drug targets and treatments for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The system uses genetic engineering techniques to quickly test the effects of chemicals on viral growth, identifying compounds that can block HPV replication.
A 24-patient outbreak was halted after identifying docusate as the underlying source of the bacteria, leading to a national recall. The investigation improved infection prevention practices for patients.
A team of biomedical scientists has identified a molecule that targets the EphA4 receptor, a gene associated with rapid ALS progression. The research aims to delay motor neuron death and explore potential applications in spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, and some cancers.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Health System have developed an algorithm that predicts bone marrow transplant patients' risk of developing graft-versus-host disease. The 'MAGIC algorithm' uses two proteins in blood samples to determine a patient's risk, allowing for early intervention and potentially saving lives.
A newly discovered beetle species, Nymphister kronaueri, has been found to hitch a ride on the back of army ants as a means of transportation. The beetle uses its strong mandibles to anchor itself tightly to the ant's body, mimicking the shape and appearance of the ant's abdomen.
Researchers at Uppsala and Umeå University found that the molecular composition of sediment organic matter controls methylmercury formation. Organic compounds from phytoplankton are linked to high mercury methylation rates, while carbon compounds from the watershed do not have this effect.
A new mobile Critical Care Recovery Program aims to bring post-ICU care to patients in their homes, improving brain health and reducing rehospitalization rates. The 12-month program will be followed by a multi-disciplinary team to develop personalized recovery plans.
A $2 million Gates Foundation grant will support the development of novel test protocols to accelerate the creation and deployment of next-generation vector control products. The project aims to improve the understanding of vector control approaches and produce better-informed products to combat malaria in Africa.
A new mathematical analysis provides guidance for treating infections and tumors with drug resistance, suggesting that containment may extend effective life and improve patient outcomes in some cases. The study identifies two main factors influencing the choice between containment and aggressive treatment.
Researchers developed a scalable metamaterial film that efficiently reflects solar energy while allowing objects to shed heat through infrared thermal radiation. The material has been successfully tested in field trials, demonstrating significant radiative cooling powers even under direct sunlight with zero energy consumption.
Scientists have confirmed novel theoretical work on Mott insulators, revealing a unique form of magnetism that arises when these materials are cooled below a critical temperature. This discovery helps to shed light on the complex interactions between electrons in these materials, which are crucial for developing new electronic devices.
A study by academics at the University of East Anglia suggests that insights from behavioral science can help design road signs to encourage drivers to switch off their engines while waiting at railway crossings. Researchers found that simple visual and written cues doubled the rate of people turning off their engines, with a more effe...
Conservationists from around the world gather to discuss a critical shift in thinking, recommending a more vigorous application of information from the fossil record. They suggest embracing novelty in ecosystems while preserving natural diversity, highlighting cases where conservation can benefit both humans and nature.
A new research hypothesis proposes that biodiversity is autocatalytic, with species enabling the existence of others and creating niches for coexistence. This view offers a possible answer to the fundamental question of why so many species can coexist in the same ecosystem.
A team of researchers has discovered a vast array of exceptionally preserved fossils, including delicate skeletons and soft tissues, from the immediate aftermath of the Ordovician mass extinction. The Anji Biota records an astonishing range of diverse sponge species, with many thriving in large and complex ecosystems.
An international team of researchers has developed a cell culture model that can reproduce the major elements of drusen, the hallmark deposit of AMD. The model confirms that RPE cells in early AMD are functional and that Bruch's membrane conditions play a key role in disease progression.
Research shows that extended lactation does not negatively affect milk quality or cheese-making property. In fact, protein and fat contents increase, making milk more suitable for production. The study found no negative impact on taste, contrary to previous fears.
Researchers found that older adults living in poor neighborhoods with high homicide rates experience more depressive symptoms. Neighborhood factors like violence, poverty, and safety perception contribute to depression, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions.
The UTIA project used aerial acoustic recordings to track at-risk avian species on DoD facilities, improving compliance with environmental regulations. The project was recognized as the DoD's Project of the Year for 2016 for resource conservation and resiliency.
Researchers have identified plausible gene variants that predispose some children to developing Kawasaki disease, a common acquired heart disease in children. A variation of the toll-like receptor 6 gene and another variant in tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 were linked to the pro-inflammatory state during KD's acute stage.
Conservationists should focus on preserving diverse ecosystem structures and functions, rather than just saving species. This approach can help create more resilient environments that can adapt to climate change and habitat loss. By studying the fossil record, experts hope to guide conservation efforts towards a more sustainable future.
The partnership aims to create a critical mass of expertise in key engineering areas, such as energy and advanced manufacturing. This collaboration will help the UK maintain its global standing in light of increasing international competition.
Researchers from GEOMAR suggest that subsea mining in coastal areas could be a promising alternative to deep-sea mining. The continental shelf, which has primarily been explored for oil and gas deposits, holds many mineral resources, including gold, nickel, and lead-zinc deposits.
Researchers developed dual-function nanorod LEDs that can emit, detect, and respond to light. These LEDs can be used in display arrays that adjust brightness based on ambient light conditions and recognize objects through touchless gestures or laser stylus input.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are studying 'Living Apart Together' (LAT) relationships among older adults, who are increasingly forming new partnerships without shared residences. LAT couples face challenges such as family caregiving and decision-making, highlighting the need for open discussions with families and partners.
A new study published in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders found an inverse correlation between brain stem volume and aggression in children with autism. The researchers discovered that a smaller brain stem is associated with greater aggression, suggesting a potential target for treatment.
Researchers identified a genetic signature in nerve cells supplying hands and feet, which is distinct from those in nearby muscles. This signature involves the coordinated activity of multiple genes and suggests that the evolution of extremities may be related to fine motor control, such as grasping.
A UBC Okanagan study used digital cameras to collect photos from older patients with atrial fibrillation, providing valuable insights into their daily care and environmental context. The images revealed nuances of living with a chronic condition in rural communities.
A new study reveals that disease-causing bacteria become resistant to antibiotics by acquiring mutations that allow them to tolerate the antibiotic. The research found that strains with pre-existing tolerant mutations developed resistance more quickly than those without tolerance.
An international team of neuroscientists has discovered that neurons coordinate their activity to improve motor control, shedding light on the brain's mechanisms. The findings may lead to better brain-machine interfaces for paralyzed patients.
A global research team led by Professor Mike Stratton will study genetic samples from five continents to understand the causes of cancer. The project aims to identify unknown causes, determine environmental factors, and figure out how they lead to cancer.
A new study examines marine pebble tools from an Upper Paleolithic burial site in Italy and finds that flat, oblong pebbles were brought up from the beach, used as spatulas to apply ochre paste, then broken and discarded. The intent may have been to 'kill' the tools, thereby discharging their symbolic power.
A new study by CSIC researchers reveals that environmental factors were the primary driver of horse diversification over 20 million years. The team found that newly evolved species were ecologically similar, with external factors such as ecosystem fragmentation and energy availability playing a key role.
York University scientists have developed a 3D beating heart tissue created from three cell types that beat together as one entity. This breakthrough will facilitate better and earlier drug testing, eliminating harmful medications sooner.
A RIT researcher is working on developing security measures for deeply-embedded systems in medical devices like pacemakers, to prevent cyberattacks and data breaches. The goal is to ensure patient safety and data integrity.
Researchers discovered a subpopulation of beta cells that resists immune attack and acquires stemness to persist despite immune attack. This finding may lead to therapies targeting these cells to restore insulin production in type 1 diabetic patients.
A new study found that women who have a false positive result from a screening mammogram are more likely to delay or forgo their subsequent screening mammogram. This delay can increase the risk of late-stage breast cancer diagnosis, which can lead to poorer treatment outcomes.
Researchers discovered that malaria parasites produce HMBPP, which stimulates red blood cells to release carbon dioxide and volatile compounds attracting malaria mosquitoes. The parasite uses this system to transfer from one host to another, making it harder to control the spread of malaria.
A study published in Journal of Clinical Investigation--Insight found that omega-3 fatty acid products can reduce IgE production, a common allergen responsible for asthma symptoms. However, patients with severe asthma who rely on high-dose oral steroids may not benefit from fish oil supplementation.
Researchers identified a gatekeeper protein SMARCB1 that prevents aggressive pancreatic cancer cells from transitioning into a resistant type. Depletion of SMARCB1 leads to mesenchymal status, a mobile and invasive cell state, making these cells vulnerable to therapies targeting proteostasis.
The flashlight fish uses its bioluminescent light organs to detect prey in the dark, adjusting flash frequency to the context. Researchers also found that the fish blink at a high rate during feeding and are regulated by lighting conditions.
Research suggests that recreational amphetamine use may hasten the biological ageing of the heart, with effects seen in both men and women. The study found that amphetamine users showed signs of premature ageing of the heart, even after accounting for other cardiovascular risk factors.
A new film developed by Yao Zhai and colleagues can dissipate the sun's thermal energy, resulting in a cooling effect. The material is lightweight, easily conforms to curved surfaces, and relatively easy to mass produce, making it a promising solution for passive radiative cooling.
Researchers from GW University and St. George's University of London discovered a mutation in the INPP5K gene linked to short stature, muscle weakness, intellectual disability, and cataracts. This finding suggests a new type of congenital muscular dystrophy, with potential for targeted therapies.
A new study found that people unconsciously map sounds to shapes, influencing awareness before conscious recognition. The 'bouba-kiki' effect, observed across cultures and age groups, shows that soft-sounding words pair with round shapes and sharp-sounding words with angular shapes.
The journal focuses on virus evolution and publishes work that benefits science, technology, and medicine. It offers fast decision times, timely publication, and high-quality peer review with an international editorial board.
Research suggests that both patient genetics and HIV viral genome mutations impact disease progression, with human genetic variation explaining 8.4% of variation in viral load.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet shows that executive cognitive functions in children and young people can be quantified and linked to their performance on the football pitch. The study found strong results for simpler forms of executive function, such as working memory, to be associated with success.
A study found that while 77% of participants take selfies regularly, 82% would prefer fewer selfies on social media. Participants perceived their own selfies as more self-ironic and authentic, while those taken by others were seen as less authentic.