Researchers assessed 6,711 adults with periodontal disease for 15 years and found participants with mild, moderate or severe gum disease were 1.9-2.2 times more likely to suffer an ischemic stroke than those without periodontal disease. The association was strongest in cardioembolic and thrombotic stroke subtypes.
Researchers have gained insight into the atomic and nuclear structure of heavy, radioactive elements for the first time. The technique involves laser ionization, which significantly increases sensitivity and accuracy, allowing for measurements of atoms per second.
A University of Washington project explores the effects of climate change and subsistence hunting on polar bears, while also shedding light on the cultural value of the species to indigenous peoples. The research aims to set polar bears in context as resources for others, clarifying misinformation about hunting.
A study published in the Journal of Food Science found that consumers expect higher quality and are willing to pay more for products labeled as 'all-natural'. The researchers used virtual reality technology to simulate a grocery store taste-test, where subjects preferred the all-natural product with a label.
A new study by an economist at The University of Texas at Dallas challenges accepted notions about the 1950s postwar economy. The research argues that policies from that era laid a foundation for future growth and protected the economy from volatility in inflation and gross domestic product.
Astronomers have confirmed the existence of seven small planets orbiting TRAPPIST-1, with sizes similar to Earth and temperatures comparable to those of Venus, Earth, and Mars. The inner six planets are likely rocky in composition and potentially harbor liquid water.
Researchers demonstrate resveratrol treatments can slow lung function decline and alveolar damage in mouse lungs. The study suggests direct lung administration of resveratrol may be an effective way to prevent chronic lung disease.
Research from Binghamton University suggests that integrating social information from experts and friends can decrease uncertainty in crowdfunding campaigns. For low-product complexity projects, funders rely on implicit social cues from friends to make decisions, while for high-complexity projects, explicit expert advice is preferred.
Researchers discovered that hawkmoths harness the pentose phosphate pathway to create antioxidants, reducing muscle damage from high-intensity flight. This metabolic strategy allows them to process sugary diets without succumbing to oxidative stress.
Researchers found that those who adapted to their hearing loss were more likely to sustain their careers, adopting strategies such as communicating via email and redefining success. Those who struggled often became isolated or hidden the loss, leading to decreased job satisfaction.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health found that women infected with genital herpes during early pregnancy had twice the odds of giving birth to a child later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The researchers suggested that the mother's immune response to HS...
A study by Prof. ZHANG Donghui and colleagues reveals details of the H' + CH4 substitution reaction, which proceeds through the back-side attack Walden inversion mechanism. The reaction exhibits a high threshold energy and different isotope effects for thermal rate constant and cross-sections.
Researchers explored growing cool season crops in California, finding canola achieved high yields and seed oil content, while camelina displayed greater cold and drought tolerance. The study recommends further research on more varieties of both crops for optimal growing conditions.
Research published in BMJ Open found that brainy teens are less likely to smoke, but more likely to drink alcohol and use cannabis. The study tracked the substance use of over 6,000 English teenagers from age 11 to 19, revealing persistent patterns into adulthood.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a chain reaction that shields breast cancer stem cells from chemotherapy, making them resistant to treatment. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs that block this pathway, improving chemotherapy effectiveness.
Scientists studied ageing phenomenon at nanoscale, finding that friction force doubles with time and load increase. This discovery supports fundamental theory describing ageing mechanism, shedding light on fault stability and earthquake prediction.
Preliminary study in mice suggests that aged gut bacteria can worsen brain damage after a stroke. Researchers found that mice treated with older gut bacteria had impaired recovery and higher levels of immune cells that worsen stroke severity.
Research reveals Mexican-American stroke survivors are more likely to receive home-based rehabilitation, while non-Hispanic whites get inpatient treatment. This disparity may contribute to worse outcomes for Mexican-Americans after stroke.
A new equation developed by a Nebraska researcher can correctly identify athletes who attempt to sandbag on the ImPACT test, informing better decisions about return-to-play protocols. The approach was found to be more effective than existing methods in detecting poor effort, with high accuracy rates.
Researchers at Northwestern University successfully integrated borophene with an organic material, forming a self-assembled monolayer next to the borophene sheet. This breakthrough enables the formation of well-controlled interfaces between distinct materials, which is crucial for creating diodes and photovoltaics.
Swiss researchers use neural networks to challenge the resolution limit of telescopes, recovering features that were previously invisible. The technique, inspired by a generative adversarial network, achieves better results than previous methods, such as deconvolution, and has vast potential for future astronomical observations.
Researchers discovered oxide nanostructures with diameters below 3nm display superior oxidation resistance than larger counterparts. The 'dynamic size effect' mechanism determines the stability of supported nanoparticles, enabling the development of anti-corrosion materials.
Researchers found that co-workers usually lack knowledge about who is competitively towards them, due to people masking their competitiveness. The study suggests a climate of friendly competition and clear boundaries can promote mutual healthy competition.
A new study published in Neuromodulation found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with computer games significantly improved cognitive measures in patients with multiple sclerosis. The treatment showed greater gains in complex attention and response times compared to those who played computer games alone.
Researchers found that tree death due to drought is consistent across environments worldwide, with denser wood and smaller leaves providing better resistance. Climate change implications include increased tree mortality and future global warming.
A study of 125,000 patients found that more than half with chronic kidney damage took PPIs without acute problems, highlighting the need for vigilance in monitoring kidney function. Doctors advise caution and only prescribe when necessary due to significant risks of kidney deterioration.
A new study uses condensed matter theory to investigate the role of personal initiative in overcoming inequality. The researchers find that, under certain conditions, sufficient individual initiative can lead to reduced inequality, but this effect is short-lived due to the disappearance of frustration.
Researchers found that narrowed eyes are associated with discrimination-related emotions like disgust and suspicion, while widened eyes convey information sensitivity. The study suggests our facial expressions communicate complex emotions through emotional embodiment.
A circadian hospital lighting system significantly reduced depressive mood symptoms among stroke patients admitted for long-term rehabilitation. Blue light exposure was found to boost alertness and elevate mood, leading researchers to recommend its inclusion as part of rehabilitation unit environments.
A new study reveals that high lipoprotein(a), a form of cholesterol, is responsible for 1 in 14 heart attacks and 1 in 7 cases of aortic valve disease. Researchers hope to raise awareness about the risk and stimulate development of new therapies to lower this form of cholesterol.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System found that asthma drugs Accolate and Singulair may prevent severe pneumonia by blocking the infection of alveolar air sacs. Early treatment with these drugs could potentially reduce mortality rates from influenza pneumonia, which can be deadly.
A new study found that psoriasis patients who developed depression were 37% more likely to develop psoriatic arthritis compared to those without depression. This highlights the need for early detection and prevention of depression in psoriasis patients.
By using an antibody-based technique, scientists inactivated GluA1 receptors at synapses, temporarily abolishing fear memory in mice. The researchers found that inactivation of GluA1 up to 2 hours after a fear-learning task resulted in the loss of fear memory.
A study found that the average distance from any point in the United States to the nearest forest increased by 14% between 1990 and 2000. This increase is more pronounced in rural areas than in urban settings, posing challenges for wildlife and broad effects on ecosystems.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is underway to test the safety and tolerability of an RSV vaccine in healthy adults. The study aims to assess the vaccine's ability to prompt an immune response and reduce the burden of this important disease.
Researchers discovered two new antibiotics in harmless skin bacteria that effectively fought off Staphylococcus aureus, a common cause of skin infections. Personalized lotions with these friendly bacteria prevented colonization in patients with Atopic Dermatitis, offering a potential solution to frequent skin infections.
Researchers isolated and grew good bacteria with antimicrobial properties to treat atopic dermatitis. The treatment successfully reduced Staphylococcus aureus on the skin, offering a new approach to managing the condition.
A new study suggests that warmer conditions could make years like 2015, with historically low snowpack levels, occur about once a decade, while snowpack similar to 2014 will happen every 4-5 years. The region's snowpack is highly sensitive to increasing temperatures.
Researchers have revealed the nanoscale architecture of a beetle's exoskeleton, composed of chitin fibers with unique twisting patterns. The discovery could lead to the development of lighter, stronger materials for various applications, including reducing drag in vehicles and airplanes.
Forest losses in western US and rural areas led to a 2.96% decline in national forest cover, equivalent to the size of Maine. This study highlights the importance of proactive conservation management to address habitat losses and species declines.
In a groundbreaking study, UNC School of Medicine scientists have uncovered the brain circuitry behind reward-seeking behavior, revealing two distinct populations of prefrontal neurons that promote or suppress motivation. The research has major implications for understanding addiction, depression, and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Scientists propose three main areas to fight malnutrition: Basic Nutrition focusing on nutrient science, Applied Nutrition on population health and wellbeing, and Clinical Nutrition on diagnosis and treatment. The goal is a better integration of knowledge in healthcare professionals' daily practice.
A new study reveals that headaches are a far more frequent symptom of stroke in children than adults. Headache was reported in 6% of children under age 3 and 46% of those 3 or older, according to the research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2017.
A tool developed at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center can help doctors identify patients at high risk for toxic side effects from chemotherapy. Researchers found that low measures of muscle quality and quantity are linked to serious side effects, including hospitalizations.
A new £250,000 grant will support the development of a cross-cultural scale to assess household water insecurity globally. The researchers aim to create a reliable method to measure how many people are affected by not having enough water for daily activities, with potential impacts on mental and physical health, economic productivity, ...
The genome of the parasitic mite Tropilaelaps mercedesae has been sequenced to better understand its interaction with honey bees and develop effective control strategies. The study revealed specific features in the mite genome shaped by its parasitic life history, highlighting the need for new targets in controlling the mites.
Researchers used brain scans to improve predictions of adolescent problem drug use, correctly identifying 2/3 of those who would abuse drugs. Novelty-seeking scores were associated with reduced anticipation in brain reward centers, a key predictor of future drug use.
Scientists have detected an artemisinin-resistant malaria parasite originating from West Africa for the first time in Africa, posing a significant threat to malaria control efforts. The finding confirms that the parasite carries a new mutation in the Kelch13 gene, which is the primary driver of resistance in Southeast Asia.
Grimes, assistant professor in UD's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, will use her fellowship to investigate how chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and Crohn's disease, arise from bacterial cell wall fragments. Her work aims to understand the immune system's response to these molecules.
Researchers at the University of York developed a Collaborative Care intervention to help older people with lower-severity depression. The study found that this simple and low-cost approach reduced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and improved quality of life in those who received it.
A novel agent has significantly reduced episodes of swelling in patients with a rare genetic disorder. The drug, lanadelumab, works by suppressing the production of bradykinin, which causes swelling, and has been shown to be well-tolerated in a phase 1b clinical trial.
Researchers have discovered neural circuits regulating sleep/wake cycles, providing new targets for therapies. The brain's complexity remains a major medical mystery, with ongoing research aiming to develop drugs that mimic orexin to wake people up and address metabolic disease and mood disorders.
Researchers are discovering new, eco-friendly catalysts in unexpected places, such as earthworm powder and plants that absorb high levels of metals from soil and water. This shift could reduce traditional animal and plant sources, decrease mining waste, and create more sustainable production methods for medicines, fuels, and electronics.
Researchers developed an experiment to detect quantum events in ultra-thin films, enhancing understanding of basic phenomena in nano-sized systems. The study uses a novel 'nano-trampoline' setup to measure specific heat and demonstrate the existence of quantum criticality.
A team of scientists at UC Riverside has identified five major microRNA expression peaks in the Aedes aegypti fat body following a blood meal. By disrupting these miRNAs, researchers hope to control mosquito reproduction and prevent the spread of diseases transmitted by these mosquitoes. The study provides insight into the regulatory g...
A study found that people who sleep for over nine hours each night have smaller brain volumes and double the risk of developing dementia in ten years. Early detection of cognitive impairment and dementia can lead to better healthcare decisions and improved quality of life.
Researchers have identified interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) as the trigger for inflammation during necroptosis, a recently described form of cell death. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease by targeting IL-1.
Scientists have detected antimicrobial protein fragments in Komodo dragon blood that help resist deadly infections. Eight peptides from the plasma showed significant potency against bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, offering a potential lead for new therapeutics.
A study by Utrecht University reveals that wintering mallards play a crucial role in dispersing plant seeds between isolated wetlands. The daily movement patterns of these birds are highly predictable from the landscape they inhabit, and their foraging behavior helps maintain connections between otherwise disconnected plant populations.
A new study reveals that obesity reprograms muscle stem cells through DNA methylation changes, impairing insulin sensitivity and metabolism in fully developed muscle cells. The research, conducted by doctoral student Cajsa Davegårdh at Lund University, found that pro-inflammatory genes like IL-32 play a crucial role in this process.