A new personality model, Trait-Reputation-Identity (TRI), combines self and peer ratings to gather feedback on big five personality traits. The model provides a robust method to determine agreement or divergence about an individual's personality traits, helping organizations improve hiring and employee performance.
The brain can distinguish between expected and unexpected visual motion by selectively silencing neurons sensitive to yaw during intentional turns. This allows flies to stabilize their flight path and shift their gaze without interference. The study provides insights into how the brain processes visual information to control behavior
The University of Utah is part of a national coalition aiming to reduce embodied energy and decrease emissions in US manufacturing. The goal is to achieve a 50% improvement in energy efficiency by 2027, saving billions in energy costs and creating new jobs for American workers.
Researchers found that B cells can capture proteins from pathogens and the body's own cells, leading to autoimmune inflammation. This error in protein uptake can trigger autoaggressive T cells, potentially causing autoimmune diseases.
Astronomers use Hubble observations to characterize the interstellar medium along Voyager 1 and 2's trajectories. The study reveals a rich, complex ecology with multiple clouds of hydrogen and other elements.
The American Thyroid Association has published new evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and managing thyroid disease during pregnancy. The Guidelines cover thyroid function testing, iodine nutrition, and treatment of thyroid disease during pregnancy and lactation.
Researchers found that Legionella pneumophila grows well in warm tap water installations with ample dissolved organic matter, supporting biofilm formation. The study suggests that microgram-per-liter concentrations of biodegradable compounds can induce bacterial growth on surfaces, promoting proliferation of the bacteria.
A new study from University of Utah researchers finds a correlation between drought and high-elevation aerosols in the western US, suggesting that wildfires are driving the increase in summer haze. Aerosol particles can trigger cloud formation, exerting their own influence on global temperature and climate.
A study published in Neurology suggests that elevated levels of brain protein tau following a sport-related concussion are associated with a longer recovery period and delayed return to play. Tau levels measured in blood may serve as a marker to help physicians determine an athlete's readiness to return to the game.
Researchers at MIT have designed a strong and lightweight material by compressing graphene flakes into sponge-like configurations, achieving 10 times the strength of steel while maintaining a low density of just 5%. The new material's unusual geometric configuration is key to its exceptional properties.
Researchers have created an open-source database to facilitate bioenergy research, confirming Miscanthus as the top US bioenergy crop. The database, BETYdb, contains over 40,000 records of yield data for various biomass crops, revealing that Miscanthus is 2.4 times more productive than switchgrass under different environmental conditions.
The USDA has allocated $2.9 million for research into integrated biorefineries, which aim to create biofuels and bioproducts from renewable energy sources. This funding will support projects that address the challenges of scaling up and operating these facilities, with the goal of enhancing US energy security and economic growth.
Researchers found a significant increase in large-scale tornado outbreaks in the US, with the number of extreme events doubling over the last half-century. The study suggests that vertical wind shear is driving this trend, rather than climate change.
Researchers at Cornell University have created a modular immune organoid that can replicate the anatomical structures found within lymph nodes. The 3-D organoid enables quicker and more plentiful replication of B cells, which are antibody-producing lymphocytes.
A new study by the British Psychological Society finds that people with different personality preferences experience varying degrees of stress when using email. Those with a big picture focus tend to check emails outside work hours, leading to increased stress levels.
Research by the British Psychological Society found that employees working for psychopathic and narcissistic leaders experience lower job satisfaction, higher depression rates, and more workplace bullying. These toxic bosses can create a hostile environment, leading to unhappy and dissatisfied employees seeking revenge.
A new national survey by Northeastern University and Harvard University found that 22% of current US gun owners acquired a gun within the past two years without a background check. The study also revealed significant differences in private firearm sales with and without background checks between states with and without regulations.
A study by Yale researchers found that older adults who visit the emergency department (ED) are at increased risk for disability and decline in physical abilities up to six months later. The discharged group had significantly higher disability scores than the control group, and were also more likely to be living in a nursing home.
A study integrating field and laboratory experiments with computer simulations found that perception plays a key role in the evolution of counterintuitive traits. Proportional perception limits the evolution of traits by making it difficult to perceive changes in large stimuli.
Astronomers have discovered three young star systems with doomed comets, suggesting a common mechanism for exocomet destruction. The study provides new insights into the past and present activity of comets in our solar system, potentially making life possible on terrestrial planets.
A study found that patients with kidney failure were less likely to have advance directives than those with other serious illnesses, but those who did had better end-of-life care. The presence of treatment-limiting directives and surrogate decision makers reduced hospitalizations, intensive procedures, and inpatient deaths.
Hemodialysis patients have altered blood clots that increase cardiovascular and other cause mortality risks. Dense blood clots found in kidney failure patients also affect fibrinogen protein modifications.
Researchers developed a mouse model to assess early tissue responses to biomaterials, including bioactive glass. The model's feasibility and reliability have been demonstrated using various biomaterials, enabling the design of novel biomaterials for regenerative medicine.
A study on bat preferences for nectar reveals that competition leads to a preference for dilute nectars. The researchers used computer-controlled flowers with varying sugar concentrations to simulate the feeding behavior of bats.
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) has awarded Janet Heine Barnett, Caren Diefenderfer, and Tevian Dray for their outstanding contributions to mathematics education. They were recognized for inspiring students, developing innovative teaching methods, and promoting quantitative literacy.
Researchers have developed a flexible transistor that can be stretched to twice its length without significant changes in conductivity. The breakthrough uses a semiconducting polymer confined within an elastic matrix, demonstrating effective transconductivity even under heavy stretching.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics advocates for extensive sharing of genomic data to improve patient care. Responsible data sharing will provide critical information for clinical laboratories and treating physicians, leading to advancements in personalized medicine.
The study reveals new ways in which receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and phosphatases interact, with surprising effects on cancer progression. The researchers found that some phosphatases promote RTK signalling, while others activate it to a halt.
New research from Organogenesis Inc. reveals that Apligraf can convert chronic venous leg ulcers into acute, healing wounds by modulating inflammatory and growth factor signaling. This breakthrough study published in Science Translational Medicine provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians treating chronic wounds.
A new analysis of an archaeological site in Tibet suggests that permanent residents may have set up camp thousands of years earlier than previously thought. The study's findings support previous genetic research and propose that the region's wet climate may have enabled permanent pre-agricultural peopling.
Researchers developed a new microscope that can chemically identify individual micron-sized particles using infrared spectroscopy without detectors. The instrument uses photothermal modulation of Mie scattering, allowing for non-destructive analysis and identification of multiple species simultaneously.
The Great Barrier Reef nearly drowned during the Last Interglacial period due to rapid sea-level rise from melting glaciers and polar ice sheets. The reef's shallow growth recommenced once the sea-level rise stabilized, but modern pressures such as pesticide run-off, warming temperatures, and dredging could threaten its survival.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to calculate the impact of intervention strategies on tsetse flies and humans. They found that combining medical screening with vector control could speed up elimination of sleeping sickness in high-burden areas, potentially achieving zero transmission by 2030.
Research reveals that 70% of respondents prefer a collaborative and supportive work environment, yet only 26% want a nurturing manager. Managers are often seen as missing the human touch in their approach to performance management.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a genetic driver of mixed lineage leukemia, a rare and deadly form of childhood leukemia. They identified a targeted molecular therapy that halts the proliferation of leukemic cells by stabilizing the wild-type MLL protein, which drives cancer.
A study published in Appetite found that children with more eating disorder symptoms at age nine also had a higher number of symptoms at age 12. The research identified three key areas to monitor for early intervention: body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and earlier onset of symptoms.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that high consumption of grilled, barbecued, and smoked meats may increase mortality risk after breast cancer diagnosis. The research evaluated the link between these meat types and survival time among 1508 Long Island women with breast cancer.
Julio Ottino, Northwestern University dean, receives prestigious Bernard M. Gordon Prize for Innovation in Engineering and Technology Education. Whole-Brain Engineering has transformed education at McCormick, Northwestern, beyond, emphasizing creativity, design, and divergent thinking.
Researchers found that hummingbird brains are uniquely attuned to detect fast visual motion in any direction. This discovery sheds light on the birds' remarkable ability to zoom and stop quickly while sipping nectar. The findings have implications for understanding flight behaviors, competitive interactions, and courtship displays.
A German multicenter study confirms the efficacy and safety of Lu-177-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, demonstrating a positive response rate of 45% and manageable side effects. The treatment offers an additional option for end-stage patients with high response rates and low toxicity.
A new project by Upside Energy and Heriot-Watt University aims to use machine learning and distributed AI to manage storage assets and provide real-time energy reserves. The goal is to relieve stress on the grid and reduce reliance on traditional power stations.
The UNC Catalyst initiative aims to create and share research tools to study rare diseases, addressing the lack of resources and expertise in this area. The partnership with Genetic Alliance and Structural Genomics Consortium will provide researchers with access to necessary tools and talent to accelerate solutions.
Scientists have identified the key molecule YAP that enables cancer cells to break free from their surroundings and continue growing and spreading. By understanding how YAP is controlled in cancer cells, researchers hope to find new ways to treat or prevent the spread of cancer.
A study by Salk Institute scientists reveals that adolescent roundworms exhibit erratic behavior when seeking food, unlike adult worms which show efficient behavior. This discovery provides insight into the drivers of neurological development and may shed light on human brain function and diseases.
A laboratory study found that alpha-synuclein, a protein involved in Parkinson's disease, can travel from the brain to the stomach via specific nerve pathways. The protein was detected in gastric nerve terminals six months after its initial midbrain expression.
The new therapy uses a kilohertz frequency electrical block of afferent vagus nerve pathways to stimulate the nerve while inhibiting unwanted nerve activity, increasing clinical efficacy and therapeutic benefit. This approach is reversible, controllable, and clinically feasible, providing a potential solution for chronic inflammatory d...
Researchers have identified a gene mutation driving the formation of metaplastic breast cancer, a subtype of triple negative breast cancer. A therapeutic compound has been validated to slow tumor growth and increase chemotherapy efficacy.
Vision problems are commonly reported in children with concussions and are independently associated with academic difficulty. Blurred vision and difficulty concentrating are among the most common symptoms affecting academic performance in pediatric patients.
An international team of scientists reports that Antarctica's climate change could trigger a strong sea level rise, similar to the one that occurred 15,000 years ago. Global warming is causing layering in the ocean, leading to stronger ice sheet melting.
Researchers have developed a method to control proteins inside live cells using light, allowing for unprecedented insight into the causes of disease. The technique uses previously inaccessible proteins to create flexible logic networks that can be manipulated in real-time.
A University of Alberta researcher has developed a method to treat surgical masks, making them effective against airborne viruses. By using a salt-based treatment, the mask's fibre filter can trap and kill viruses, reducing the risk of transmission.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University successfully created DNA nanotube bridges that connected two molecular landmarks on the surface of a lab dish. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new medical devices and technologies that can communicate directly with cells, potentially revolutionizing the field of nanotechnology.
A study by Yale researchers found that older lung cancer patients can spend an average of one in three days interacting with the healthcare system within the first 60 days after surgery or radiation therapy. Patients with a higher number of medical conditions treated with surgery had the most post-treatment burdens.
A new study by the University of Exeter found that climate change improves breeding chances for migratory geese in the Arctic, but increases the death rate among mothers. This is because warmer conditions require extra energy for laying eggs and make them more vulnerable to predators.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design have developed a compact optical amplifier that can amplify light by 17,000 times, strengthening the integrity of transmitted data. The device's efficiency enables new opportunities in low-cost broadband spectroscopy, precision manufacturing, and hyperspectral imaging.
Researchers found that female rats prefer dominant males who have experienced stress in adolescence, but reject submissive males with a history of stress. This study provides insight into the effects of environmental stress on reproduction and may lead to a better understanding of human reproductive capacity.
Scientists at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified gatekeeper genes that allow prostate cancer to progress and resist treatment. The study highlights opportunities to prevent or reverse this process, offering new insights into lineage plasticity and its application in other types of cancers.
Commonly prescribed acid suppression medications were linked with increased risks of intestinal infections with C. difficile and Campylobacter bacteria. Users should be vigilant about food hygiene due to the removal of stomach acid making them more susceptible to infection.
A study published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment found that black and Hispanic patients, as well as unemployed individuals and those with hepatitis C, are more likely to disengage from treatment programs for opioid dependence. Long-term engagement in therapy is crucial for treating this chronic condition, similar to hypert...
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have made a groundbreaking discovery in wound healing by transforming myofibroblasts into fat cells. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize dermatology and develop new treatments for conditions such as HIV-related complications and aging skin.