Research by Montana State University's Selena Ahmed aims to understand the effects of weather variability on maple syrup production. The study found that warmer temperatures lead to higher levels of phenolic compounds, resulting in darker syrups with lower demand and prices.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology have developed biodegradable packaging that can keep food fresh for longer, reducing food waste and plastic usage. The packaging, made from cellulose composites with added ethereal oil and silver particles, degrades in nature in around two years.
Researchers explore how to cultivate innovative thinking in students by focusing on characteristics like abstract thinking, motivation, and creativity. The authors argue that education can improve individuals' ability to utilize existing traits rather than trying to create new ones.
Researchers at UC Davis Health found that doctors and patients often have differing priorities for pain treatment, with patients seeking to reduce pain intensity and physicians focusing on improving physical function. The study recommends pain-focused communication training to improve doctor-patient agreements.
A new home-based telemedicine program will be developed and pilot-tested to treat multiple sclerosis patients. The program, funded by a $100,000 Genentech grant, aims to improve care for people with advanced MS living in medically underserved communities.
Researchers from Mayo Clinic report that tumor genomic alterations did not differ significantly between chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant tumors. However, the study identified an uncommon type of aggressive breast cancer with a unique mutation in p53, which was less likely to respond to chemotherapy.
The 4DHeart project aims to bridge the gap between academia and industry, providing training for 6 predoctoral researchers in Europe. Students will be jointly supervised by academics and industry experts, gaining experience in research, innovation, and science communication.
When parent little auks were stressed, they reduced feeding and spent more time searching for food, impacting their offspring's nutrition. Despite this, the birds still displayed a care response to their chicks' begging behaviour.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that severe hypoglycemia is associated with nearly double the risk of cardiovascular disease or death in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Within three years of a dangerously low blood sugar episode, one-third of those in the study died.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital reveals that natural killer cells in patients with severe asthma are disabled from resolving inflammation, leading to ineffective corticosteroid treatment. Researchers also identified lipoxins as a potential therapeutic approach, as they preserve NK cell pro-resolving functions.
Researchers found that parenting by ADHD parents is less adequate, with more criticism and household chaos. However, they also rated their relationship to children more positively than non-ADHD parents. The study suggests a complex interplay between these factors and recommends future research on designing parent training programs.
Researchers tracked social media posts with specific tags before extreme weather events to identify areas at risk. This early warning system has the potential to improve prediction and monitoring of floods and other natural hazards, saving lives and protecting homes.
A new study aims to identify factors that result in long-term diabetes remission and better blood sugar control after bariatric surgery. Researchers will follow up with approximately 242 patients over five years to analyze hormone secretion, metabolism, and complications.
Citric acid's thermal degradation can form anhydrides, which are known to trigger allergic reactions. Researchers warn that these chemicals could be released in e-cigarette vapor, posing health risks.
Researchers discovered that spotted-wing flies use senses of smell, touch, and taste to choose ideal nursery sites. They prefer firm texture and volatile chemicals emitted by freshly ripened fruits.
Dendritic cells, which help activate and suppress immune responses, play a key role in maintaining the balance between self and non-self in the gut. The discovery of a signaling molecule, CD40, reveals how this balance can be disrupted, leading to severe colitis, but also highlights the importance of regulatory T-cells in maintaining i...
Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed a promising method to prevent aflatoxin contamination in crops, which could improve food security in developing countries. The transgenic corn plants produce small RNA molecules that suppress toxin production when infected with a fungus.
The discovery of 16 new fungus gnat species in the Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve sheds light on the region's remarkable biodiversity. The presence of a diverse array of parasitoid wasps suggests a high level of interdependence between rainforest species.
Researchers found that energy crops can be grown on CRP land without increasing nitrous oxide emissions in a small portion of the landscape. The study suggests that once established, large emissions from the footslope can be suppressed.
A new study suggests that ER visits can be effective 'teachable moments' for reducing drug use, with brief chats with counselors or virtual therapists showing promise. Participants who received the intervention had 21% fewer days of drug use compared to those in the control group.
A Rutgers study found that doctors who schedule flu shots for patients are three times more likely to get vaccinated. Patients are more receptive when their physicians take a proactive stance, increasing vaccination rates.
Research reveals that people deliberately avoid information that challenges their beliefs, leading to harm in individual wellbeing and societal polarization. By understanding the reasons behind information avoidance, governments and firms can develop effective strategies to reach their audiences.
Childhood bullying may lead to an increased risk of chronic stress exposure, which can contribute to the development of diseases such as depression, diabetes, and heart disease. Early-life stress exposure can also affect physiological systems' response to future stressors through epigenetic changes.
Researchers are exploring parallels between military counter-insurgency tactics and cancer treatment, focusing on targeted therapies that harness the patient's own resources. By adopting an intelligence-led approach, clinicians can adapt treatment strategies to tackle evolving tumour genetic codes.
Researchers successfully demonstrated a reliable and reproducible single molecule switch, enabling electric current to flow between electrodes through the molecule or not. The breakthrough could lead to advancements in molecular electronics.
A new study by Wayne State University researchers suggests that brain networks at rest are potentiated for action. Using fMRI data, the team found increased network interactions from the SMA to the dACC during rest periods.
Researchers at University of Alabama at Birmingham discovered endostatin's ability to decrease castration-resistant prostate cell growth in culture. Endostatin reduces oxidative stress and targets hormone receptors, shifting metabolism to scavenge reactive oxygen species.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered a potential method for separating toxic elements from nuclear waste using arsenic molecules. The breakthrough, published in Nature Communications, could make nuclear waste clean-up safer and more effective.
A novel vaccine developed by scientists at NIAID protected cattle from respiratory syncytial virus infection, with high levels of neutralizing antibodies and protection against viral replication. The vaccine's pre-F protein construct showed promise in a model that may be applied to human RSV vaccine development.
Researchers propose a $10 billion public-private partnership to fund new research on pain biology and development of non-addictive medications. The plan focuses on understanding individual variability in response to pain, biomarkers for drug efficacy, and complementary approaches such as acupuncture and mindfulness techniques.
A study by Arizona State University and Mayo Clinic identified several unique biomarkers, called autoantibodies, that can accurately diagnose Crohn's disease. The discovery has the potential to provide early warning for those at risk of major illnesses, including cancer, autism, and diabetes.
A Swedish twin registry study reveals that bilateral tinnitus has a strong genetic component, especially in men, while unilateral tinnitus is more influenced by environmental factors. The findings have important clinical implications for diagnosis, treatment, and public health.
Despite growing numbers of centenarians, Chinese oldest-old population faces poor physical and cognitive function. Research finds decreased mortality rates, but worsening physical and cognitive abilities among the aged.
A new study suggests that low gluten diets may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Researchers analyzed data from over 199,000 participants and found that those who consumed more gluten had lower risk of type 2 diabetes during a 30-year follow-up period.
Researchers at GW University have developed a new relative potency testing program for the Na-GST-1/Alhydrogel hookworm vaccine, showing it remains stable and immunogenic after five years of storage. This innovation aims to improve vaccine effectiveness in developing countries where hookworm infections are prevalent.
A study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology found that most women who become pregnant either stop or decrease drinking after a positive pregnancy test. The researchers suggest promoting early pregnancy awareness as an alternative to promoting alcohol abstinence among all women of childbearing age.
A nutrition study found that men with impaired glucose metabolism experience a negative impact on blood glucose regulation when consuming high-carbohydrate foods in the evening. In contrast, healthy men do not show a significant effect of carbohydrate timing on blood glucose levels.
A new study shows that even with PD-1 blockade, tumor-specific T cells require CD28 co-stimulation to expand and restore effective immune responses. This finding suggests that only a subset of tumor-specific CD8 T cells will proliferate after PD-1-directed therapy.
Researchers found that non-toxic amounts of ammonia increase the production of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which protects endothelial cells and prevents plaque buildup. Glutamine, an amino acid supplement, triggers this natural response.
Researchers use Scanning Tunneling Microscope to store and read information in individual holmium atoms, achieving unprecedented miniaturization of storage media. The discovery could revolutionize quantum computing and pave the way for high-density data storage.
A recent study published in Environmental Health found that women of childbearing age in the US are eating more fish while having lower blood mercury concentrations. The research indicates that tailored fish consumption advisories based on region and ethnic group would help women eat healthier and monitor their mercury intake better.
Researchers found that removing GRASP1 protein reduced mice's ability to learn and recall information. The protein plays a crucial role in recycling receptors in brain cells, which is essential for strengthening neural connections required for learning and memory.
Researchers used enhanced Arctic weather data to predict 2015's extreme cold waves, improving forecast accuracy by 10-30%. The additional data helped assess initial atmospheric conditions and dynamics of the polar vortex, enabling more precise forecasts.
University of Minnesota researchers developed a magnetic tunnel junction that can be switched by a pulse of light lasting one trillionth of a second, breaking the current speed record. The device has the potential to enable faster writing speeds and revolutionize information technology advances.
Researchers found that H. pylori bacteria can alter the structure of white blood cells, known as neutrophils, allowing them to survive within the human body. This change enables the bacteria to evade the immune system, but also shares characteristics with tumor-associated neutrophils that may limit cancer growth.
A new study introduces a steel alloy with a laminated nanosubstructure, inspired by bone structure, which is more resistant to cracking under repeated stress. This development has potential to improve the safety of buildings and components that experience cyclic loads.
Researchers have characterized the structure of a protein from sand flies that can convey immunity to Leishmania parasites. The SALO protein showed promise in inducing long-term protection against leishmaniasis in mice, with no appreciable similarities to human proteins.
A pilot study by Oregon State University found a significant relationship between exposure to flame retardants and externalizing behaviors such as aggression, defiance, and hyperactivity in children aged 3-5. Higher exposure rates were associated with less responsible behavior and more social issues.
A team of researchers at MIT has developed a novel material with a laminated nanostructure that reduces metal fatigue, allowing it to deform without spreading microcracks. This breakthrough could lead to improved structural components in industries such as aerospace and automotive.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created an exact model for diffusion in magnesium alloys, allowing for accurate predictions of impurity atoms' movement. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new lightweight structural metals for automotive and aerospace applications.
A retrospective analysis of 30,112 home-care clients with dementia found that chronic comorbidities significantly increase the risk of hospitalizations and emergency department visits. The study suggests that targeting high-risk individuals may help prioritize healthcare resources.
A new study published in Nature Cell Biology reveals that the SHANK protein plays a crucial role in preventing the spread of breast cancer cells by regulating cell adhesion. The research also found that gene mutations in SHANK are linked to autism, demonstrating the protein's importance in both brain development and tumor invasion.
Rippleshot uses machine learning and data analytics to detect payment-card fraud, identifying at-risk cards and suggesting counteractions to prevent loss. The Innovate Indiana Fund investment will help expand the company's technical team and product offerings for merchants and banks.
The Rice University's Baker Institute will examine the dynamic effects of major fiscal policies with a new $3.2 million grant from the Charles Koch Foundation. The program aims to inform policymakers and the general public about potential reforms, with a focus on reducing budget deficits and growing income inequality.
Researchers have created a way to make metamaterials with a single inclusion, providing easier fabrication and tailoring light-matter interactions. This 'photonic doping' technique has implications for flexible photonics, information processing systems, and telecommunications applications.
A new intervention developed by Bar-Ilan University scientists can control parasite migration by creating an unfavorable environment or damaging cell health. This research has the potential to lead to the development of drugs to treat and prevent diseases such as African sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis, and Chagas' disease.
Cyclone Enawo brought record-breaking rainfall to Madagascar, with the eastern side experiencing strong onshore flow due to its clockwise rotation. NASA's IMERG data analysis reveals the storm's extensive moisture flow from the Indian Ocean, posing a risk of flooding and landslides.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have discovered a new group of quiescent intestinal stem cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. These cells, estimated to be one in ten compared to active stem cells, play a crucial role in tissue regeneration and can produce any type of intestinal cell.
Researchers at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences developed a chemical computer that can recognize the shape of a sphere with great accuracy. The system uses a network of oscillating droplets, where each droplet acts as a 'neuronal' unit, to process information and make decisions.
Researchers discovered that robber flies employ a constant bearing angle strategy and 'lock on' to their prey at a distance, allowing them to capture small targets. The flies' eyes have been found to have a high spatial resolution, enabling them to detect prey items up to 100 body lengths away.