Researchers analyzed wheat microbiome under conventional, no-till, organic, and reduced chemical inputs management strategies, finding strong effects on microbial communities by wheat plant organ and age. The study provides foundational data for generating synthetic microbiomes to improve crop yields and disease resistance.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a second biological pathway that signals immune cells not to engulf and kill cancer cells. By blocking this newly discovered pathway, combining it with anti-CD47 antibody may enhance the immune system's ability to eradicate many types of cancers.
Researchers found that flamingo feces facilitate microbial 'filtering' of organic matter in saline wetlands, promoting denitrification and reducing nitrogen loads. Flamingos also stimulate bacterial activity, triggering cascading effects on prokaryotic abundance and viruses.
Researchers found that a specific part of the spike protein, called the RBD, is crucial for infection but also targets by antibodies. The RBD has three long loops that vary between strains, allowing it to modulate its affinity with host cells and evade immunity.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that a garlic compound can destroy important components in bacteria's communication systems, which involve regulatory RNA molecules. This discovery has led to further development of a potential treatment for patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic infections.
Researchers combined Hubble and Gaia data to measure the proper motion of 15 stars in the Sculptor Galaxy, revealing an unexpected preference in direction. The findings question current models of dark matter halos, suggesting that assumptions on star populations may be invalid.
MIT researchers have developed a new membrane-based system that can convert carbon dioxide into useful fuels for cars, trucks, and planes, as well as into chemical feedstocks. The process uses heat energy from solar or waste sources to store chemical energy in form of useful products.
Researchers found that hoverflies use a combination of visual, olfactory, and tactile cues to recognize flowers in different environments. The study's results suggest that pollinator preferences for flowers can vary significantly depending on the location and environmental conditions.
Research finds that companies caught in fake news scandals experience significant reputational damage, with the effects lingering for over two years. The study suggests that deceptive marketing tactics can lead to a prolonged negative impact on the offender's reputation.
Researchers have identified a promising new target for treating highly aggressive brain tumors like atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and medulloblastoma in children. The experimental PLK4 inhibitor was shown to shrink tumors and increase survival in an animal model, crossing the blood-brain barrier to target cancer cells.
A new study by Binghamton University found that most men tend to confuse sexual interest with consent, but perceptions vary more due to situational factors. The researchers identified a precedence effect, where men equate past behavior with future consent, and the influence of rape myths on men's perceptions.
The number of laboratory services associated with diagnoses of anaphylactic food reaction increased by 871 percent from 2007 to 2016, and billed charges for those services rose even more. Milk product allergy was the most expensive food allergy in terms of average costs and services per patient.
Researchers have found microorganisms in Atacama Desert soils that can potentially be used to create new treatments for HIV and combat antibiotic resistance. The discovery highlights the vast untapped resource of 'dark matter' microbes in extreme environments.
A new study at the University of Michigan identifies a pathway that links efferocytosis, the process of removing dead cells, to tumor growth in metastatic prostate cancer. The researchers found that a pro-inflammatory protein called CXCL5 accelerates tumor growth and sheds light on novel effective cancer therapies.
Scientists successfully synthesized cyanobacterial photosynthetic pigment PCB in animal cells, enabling convenient use of the PhyB-PIF system for optogenetic control. The development opens up new possibilities for studying intracellular signal transduction and manipulating cellular structures.
Phosphorus recycling was much lower in ancient oceans than today, limiting biological productivity and potentially causing a false negative in searches for life on other planets. Volcanic sulfate played a crucial role in phosphorus cycling before oxygen became abundant.
Astronomers used Hubble and Gaia data to directly measure the 3D motions of stars in the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy, achieving accuracy better than previous measurements. The results provide insights into dark matter distribution and test the cosmological model.
Biomolecules with high electrical charge surprisingly attract each other due to atomic-level binding at molecular ends. This paradoxical behavior has valuable implications for drug development and delivery into cells.
Scientists combined data from 16 NASA and LANL spacecraft to understand substorms, a phenomenon that can cause auroras, disrupt GPS communications, and damage power grids. The study revealed complex behavior during small substorms, highlighting the need for further research.
The study reveals huge inequalities persist with heart disease accounting for over 50% of all deaths in many middle income countries, compared to less than 30% in high income countries. The UK has the highest prevalence of adult obesity in males and 2nd highest in females, and ranks joint 5th for raised blood cholesterol.
A new Penn Medicine study found that female axons are smaller and have fewer microtubules, making them more susceptible to concussion. Women athletes are more likely to experience concussions and worse outcomes than men, possibly due to these anatomical differences.
Researchers have developed ultra-thin and flat graphene metalenses that can concentrate terahertz beams to a spot, flip their polarization and modulate their intensity. These devices have the potential to revolutionize applications such as amplitude tunable lenses, lasers and dynamic holography.
A team of computer scientists has developed a novel, compact single-shot hyperspectral imaging method that captures images using a conventional DSLR camera equipped with an ordinary refractive prism. The new method achieves quality images without compromising accuracy, making hyperspectral imaging practical for ordinary users.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have developed liquid crystalline molecules with alkylthio groups containing sulfur, exhibiting nematic liquid crystal phases at room temperature. These molecules show improved optical properties and potential applications in liquid crystal displays and other fields.
New species of microbes named Pseudotrichonympha leei, lifesoni, and pearti are found in termites' guts and have long flagella resembling Geddy Lee's hair. The microbes also exhibit rhythmic movements, prompting researchers to name them after Rush musicians.
A decline in atmospheric CO2 levels triggered the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, a 400,000-year period with long-lasting effects on ice age cycles. The study suggests that changes in dust flux and ice sheet sensitivity contributed to the transition.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University found that our brains experience momentary unconscious gaps in visual perception when shifting attention. The study, published in Cerebral Cortex, discovered a brain mechanism underlying the phenomenon of mind's eye blink.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine will conduct clinical trials to test the PI3Ky inhibitor IPI-549 in combination with checkpoint inhibitors for head and neck cancers, aiming to boost immunotherapy effectiveness.
Research from SUNY Downstate found that novice military pilots can rapidly improve their visual scanning strategies in the cockpit by observing expert pilots' eye movements via eye tracking technology. This breakthrough could lead to a new type of training for aviators based on eye-movement analysis.
Researchers found that patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who receive comprehensive cardiovascular care from a cardiologist are more likely to survive the first year after diagnosis. This is associated with a 32% lower death rate compared to those who do not receive specialized care.
Neural recordings of wild bats reveal a layered structure in the superior colliculus facilitating rapid tracking and capturing of prey through echolocation. The study contributes to understanding of SC function during naturalistic behaviors, finding both sensory and motor neurons throughout the midbrain region.
Research at Oregon State University shows that flooding rivers is necessary for maintaining healthy ecosystems and biodiversity. Minor changes in flow patterns can harm plant communities, while severe effects occur when cyclical flooding is removed from the equation.
Researchers at Oregon State University found notable differences in the taste of beers malted from two barley varieties, revealing novel flavors that carry through malting and brewing into beer. The study's results have significant implications for the brewing industry, particularly for beer connoisseurs.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute of Science found that individuals on the autism spectrum exhibit distinct reactions to 'smells of fear' and 'calm sweat', including changes in anxiety levels. This suggests a possible underlying connection between smell, social cues, and early brain development in autism.
A new study finds that in-store product sampling has both immediate and sustained effects on sales, with smaller stores benefiting more. The model also reveals that repeated sampling for a single product increases returns and expands product categories.
Researchers discovered that RAGE protein plays a crucial role in repairing DNA damage and healing tissue in the lungs. Treatment with RAGE protein reversed scarring and restored functionality in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. The study provides new insights into molecular therapy for lung damage and offers potential therapeutic benefits.
Researchers have developed a new material that combines high-refractive-index material and magnetic garnet to yield ten times enhanced performance. The material, amorphous tantalum yttrium oxide, retains transmissivity after thermal treatment at 850°C.
Researchers at University of California - Santa Barbara found that about half of hydraulically fractured wells exist within 2 to 3 kilometers of domestic groundwater systems. The study analyzed data from nearly 27,000 wells in 14 states and suggests increased water monitoring efforts are needed to protect water quality.
Researchers found that providing real-time cues about sold items and current stock levels can be a viable strategy for offline merchants. Consumers tend to choose products with lower sales and fewer copies remaining in stock. However, when brand familiarity is factored in, the impact of stock level data diminishes.
Children as young as five years old demonstrate an implicit pro-White bias when exposed to images of both White and Black children. The research suggests that positive and negative racial attitudes can follow distinct developmental trajectories, with younger children more likely to show automatic positivity toward their own racial group.
Research suggests that US arthritis prevalence is much higher than current estimates, especially among younger adults. The study found that 91.2 million US adults are affected by arthritis, with a significant impact on healthcare costs and productivity.
Rothamsted Research emphasizes the importance of accelerating UK agriculture to meet post-Brexit challenges through a focus on sustainable growth. The institute advocates for a dynamic, innovative model that prioritizes co-development, sharing, and engagement to drive impact.
Researchers at Imperial College London conducted a clinical trial using immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab on four patients with multi-drug resistant GTD. The study found that three out of four patients went into remission, with no signs of cancer recurrence for between five months to over two years.
Researchers developed a computational framework that automatically suggests complementary parts and placement for 3D modeling, improving efficiency and user control. The method can learn from un-annotated online data, making the process more efficient.
Brazilian researcher Juliano Cesar Silva Neves challenges the standard cosmological model by proposing the elimination of the spacetime singularity and the possibility of a prior contraction phase. The current expansion may be preceded by contraction, with potential vestiges still present in the universe.
Researchers traced ancient zircon minerals' chemical signatures to understand the recycling of carbon from the mantle to the surface. The study suggests a series of fortunate events led to optimal conditions for releasing anomalous amounts of carbon, which in turn shaped the modern carbon cycle.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown cellular communication method between neurons and immune cells in neuropathic pain. Blocking this method could prevent neuropathic pain without side effects.
Researchers from Princeton University and Uppsala University report the origin of a new lineage of Darwin's finches through hybridization between two distinct species. The study reveals that reproductive isolation was established in just two generations, with the new lineage becoming ecologically competitive and unique.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University discovered a new method of destroying cancer cells through a process called entosis, where one cell invades and digests another. The study reveals the five stages of entosis, which involves changes in structural and functional characteristics of both cells.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a method to tune the fluorescence wavelength of carbon nanotubes by tethering organic molecules. This enables fine control over the emission wavelength, with potential applications in biomedical devices and bioimaging.
A recent publication found that women with abnormal vaginal microbiota and undergoing IVF have a significantly lower chance of becoming pregnant compared to those with a normal Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota. Fertility clinics are now treating abnormal vaginal bacteria in women undergoing IVF to improve reproductive outcomes.
Researchers at Western University have developed a method to forecast tornadoes with 90% accuracy within a 100-kilometre radius by adding high-altitude turbulence data. This breakthrough could buy up to 20 minutes of additional warning time.
Researchers demonstrate fast and scalable holonomic quantum computation using Nitrogen-vacancy center electron spins in diamond, enabling high-fidelity operations with all-optical control. This work represents the first such achievement in solid-state quantum systems.
Research reveals a connection between genetic innate immunity deficiencies and high-risk children for dental caries. Children with defective salivary proteins are more susceptible to caries, even without bad eating habits or oral hygiene routines.
Researchers have developed a high-speed quantum encryption system that can transmit encryption codes five to 10 times faster than existing methods, potentially securing the future of the internet. The system uses photons of light and advanced detectors to encode and decode keys, making it secure from common attacks even with imperfect ...
Researchers from UNIGE and Roma Tre used thermal and experimental models to explain caldera resurgence, a process that prevents volcanic eruptions. The leftover magma behaves like a 'rubber sheet' due to its higher viscosity, stopping the new magma from reaching the surface.
Researchers discovered that flies can carry hundreds of different species of bacteria, many of which are harmful to humans. The study found that the legs and wings of flies have the highest microbial diversity.
Researchers at Kyushu University used spectro-electrochemistry to investigate the frequency shifts in infrared fluorescence of modified carbon nanotubes. They found that the gaps between electron energy levels depend on the elements bonded to the exterior of the nanotubes.
A new study suggests that understanding rainfall patterns is key to effectively addressing food insecurity among smallholder farms in Africa and Asia. Financial supports, such as cash or loans, were more frequently correlated with improved food security for drier farms, while agricultural inputs and practices were more effective for we...
Researchers found that flies can carry hundreds of different species of bacteria, including those harmful to humans. They propose using germ-free flies to pick up latent microbiomes and sequence them for early warning systems, useful in agriculture and public health surveillance.