Researchers have discovered a molecular commonality between two progeroid syndromes and introduced a method for disease recognition that could lead to breakthroughs in therapy. By characterizing disruptions in DNA replication timing, the team identified a shared abnormality in the gene TP63.
A new study finds that children who don't drink tap water are more likely to have tooth decay, while those who do tend to have elevated blood lead levels. The study analyzed nearly 16,000 children and adolescents aged two to 19 years.
Mycobacteria use virulence factors to transmit TB-causing disease, infecting 1/3 of the world's population. The bacteria can sense molecular machine transport, adjusting protein levels accordingly.
Researchers at University of British Columbia developed a method to identify unwanted animal products in ground beef with 99% accuracy. The technique uses a laser-equipped spectrometer and statistical analysis to determine the presence and concentration of offal in meat samples.
A study published in Development and Psychopathology found that infants who experienced higher distress and received less physical contact had an underdeveloped molecular profile compared to those with more comfortable interaction. This effect was detectable four years later, pointing to the possibility of slower epigenetic aging.
Youth football players undergo brain changes, including alterations in the default mode network, after a single season of play. This study suggests that repeated subconcussive impacts can have a lasting effect on brain health.
Researchers at Osaka University developed a new strategy for multiple myeloma immunotherapy by identifying a novel therapeutic target, MMG49, specifically recognizing integrin β7. The resulting CAR-T treatment showed anti-MM effects without damaging normal blood cells.
Researchers found that sharks alter the feeding behavior of algae-eating fish, affecting where seaweeds grow on Fijian coral reefs. This change creates a trophic cascade, with seaweed flourishing on top of the reef during high tide when predators are present.
A study presented at the Radiological Society of North America annual meeting found characteristic injuries among patients referred to domestic abuse and sexual assault programs. These injuries, including soft tissue injuries and extremity fractures, can alert radiologists to potential intimate partner violence. The findings suggest a ...
A new study suggests that despite the rise in high-deductible health plans (HDHPs), most Americans who have them aren't pursuing consumer-like behaviors such as saving, shopping around, or discussing costs with healthcare providers. Key findings include low savings rates and limited engagement with providers.
Three new studies have identified key proteins in microbes found in extremely salty environments, enabling them to survive in cold, dry conditions. These findings have applications in green biotechnology and could lead to the removal of toxic contaminants like perchlorate from groundwater.
Researchers at RIKEN and partner institutions have made the most precise measurement to date of the proton's magnetic moment, achieving a precision of less than one part per billion. The study used a combination of advanced engineering techniques and precise frequency measurements to isolate a single proton in a Penning trap.
A new report by the University of Liverpool finds that nearly six in ten food and drink adverts shown during family programmes are for 'junk food', such as fast food and confectionery. The study highlights the need to extend existing regulations to restrict junk food advertising on TV until after the 9pm watershed.
The European Union has approved the renewal of glyphosate for five years, recognizing its importance in maintaining food production and affordability. However, experts emphasize the need to balance this decision with reducing pesticide use and finding alternative weed control methods.
A new technique, ligand-accelerated non-directed C-H functionalization, enables the late-stage modification of complex drug molecules to improve therapeutic properties. Researchers used a special ligand molecule called 2-pyridone to enhance palladium's reactivity with targeted C-H bonds.
The new guidelines, published in CMAJ, endorse pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) as highly effective strategies to prevent HIV infection. These biomedical interventions should be used alongside behavioral interventions like condoms and risk reduction counseling.
Research suggests that antibiotic use in mothers may alter the microbiome of their offspring, increasing the risk for inflammatory bowel disease. The study, published in Nature Microbiology, found that exposure to antibiotics can change the mix of bacterial species in maternal microbes, which are then passed on to their children.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine has identified a critical trigger for the damaging inflammation that causes macular degeneration. The enzyme cGAS plays a key role in detecting foreign DNA and is activated in the dry form of age-related macular degeneration, leading to vision loss.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a novel framework to benchmark and compare the performances of organic mixed conductors. By using electrochemical transistors, they evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of 10 newly developed materials, identifying top-performing conductors for specific applications.
A study by UMass Amherst researchers reveals that anaerobic microsites play a significant role in stabilizing soil carbon, contrary to previous assumptions. The team's findings suggest that these oxygen-free zones can protect up to 10 times more carbon from decomposition, posing a previously unrecognized threat to the global carbon cycle.
A team of NUS scientists has developed a prototype device that mimics natural photosynthesis to produce ethylene gas. The device uses only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, reducing the carbon footprint of ethylene production.
A new study reveals that specific barley varieties contribute to beer flavor beyond the malting process, with genetics and environment playing a significant role. The research found that breeding for malting quality does not necessarily result in brewing for flavor, providing insights for future barley breeding programs.
Researchers from UBC's Okanagan campus found that female grizzly bears with cubs prefer using wildlife overpasses to cross the highway, highlighting the importance of designing structures that prioritize bear safety. The study also suggests that a diverse range of crossing design types can help mitigate road-bear conflicts.
Researchers identify a fleeting, yet key structure that allows cells to break through tissues and spread to other parts of the body. A single protrusion bulges out from the cell surface, wedges a hole through the protective layer, and swells until the breach is wide enough for the entire cell to squeeze through.
Researchers found that patients with high levels of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) at diagnosis have lower overall survival rates and early mortality. IDO expression should routinely be measured during bone marrow biopsies to identify potential treatment targets.
A study conducted by Hokkaido University and Yamagata University found that nodding positively affects perceived attractiveness, likability, and approachability. Nodding increased these traits by 30% and 40%, respectively, compared to head shaking or motionlessness.
Researchers found that recreational use values may remain stable over decades, providing a reliable basis for policy changes on public lands. The study replicated a 1985 survey and explored the stability of value estimates over three decades.
Aalto University researchers developed Scanning Droplet Adhesion Microscopy (SDAM) to understand and characterize the wetting properties of superhydrophobic materials. The microscope is 1,000 times more precise than current techniques, enabling the creation of wetting maps that reveal microscopic defects on surfaces.
Researchers used video cameras to capture footage of cars accelerating through a traffic light, finding that packing tightly doesn't increase passing chances. Drivers should maintain a safe distance from the car in front when stopped at a light to reduce rear-end collision risks.
The SWOG and Hope Foundation's VA Integration Support Program provides $25,000 grants to VA medical centers to enroll veterans in targeted treatments and immunotherapies. Since program launch, 95 patients have enrolled in clinical trials, a 300% increase prior to the program.
A new study examines the potential health impacts of Republican and Democratic tax proposals on the US population's health. The research suggests that only policies raising top federal income tax rates and redistributing tax revenue to lower-income households can significantly reduce mortality rates, with estimated reductions ranging f...
A new computational framework simulates each stage of tree combustion, capturing detailed geometry and effects on branches and leaves. The method efficiently models the kinetic behavior of plants and their reaction to heat release in the combustion process.
University of Illinois researchers designed nanoparticles that specifically bind to breast cancer stem cells, delivering a drug that turns off key gene pathways. The treatment significantly decreased cancer cell growth and made cancer stem cells less able to cause recurrence.
Biologists document changes in teeth and skull structure in two mouse species over the past 50 years, with the white-footed mouse showing more pronounced changes. The findings suggest a reversal in population proportions and highlight the consequences of climate change for small mammals.
Researchers at Tel-Aviv University and Facebook develop a computational technique to animate still images with realistic facial expressions and emotions. The method enables subjects in a photo to come to life, expressing various emotions through subtle variations in facial expressions.
Researchers propose hypothesis that prenatal stress affects offspring in two ways: early stages leading to slow growth and later stages leading to fast growth. Study across 21 mammal species supports this idea, predicting outcomes in offspring development and performance.
An international team determined the 3-D structure of channelrhodopsin 2, a membrane protein used in optogenetics to control nerve cells. The study reveals how light manipulation can mimic nerve impulses, enabling fast and harmless cell activation.
A research team from Columbia University has developed a molecular taxonomy for hair disorders, which will help diagnose diseases affecting the hair follicles. The taxonomy was created by analyzing more than three million data points and identified nearly 5,000 biological terms shared by groups of hair genes.
A research team led by Whitehead Institute reveals how a key protein in plants can act imprecisely and how it can be successfully re-engineered to enhance specificity. The new study raises standards for bioengineering in the 21st century, using cutting-edge techniques like metabolomics.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have discovered a new defense mechanism in BRCA-deficient cancer cells that allows them to survive and thrive despite chemotherapy drugs. The study reveals the role of nucleases in degrading DNA replication forks, leading to increased chemotherapy sensitivity.
A University of Alberta study found that infant boys born to mothers with asthma have a reduced gut microbiome, particularly lower levels of Lactobacillus, which could lead to a preventative approach to reduce the risk of asthma. The study also suggests sex-specific differences in the impact of maternal asthma on infant gut microbes.
A self-help book based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been found to reduce symptoms of stress, burnout, and depression. Participants who used the book showed significant improvement in areas such as stress, burnout, and wellbeing compared to those in a waitlist group.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital reveals common clinical and radiologic patterns indicative of intimate partner violence (IPV) in radiology images. Radiologists can identify soft tissue injuries, extremity fractures, and facial fractures to spark a conversation with referring physicians about potential IPV.
Researchers have identified the METTL3 gene as a promising new drug target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a potentially lethal disease. Inhibiting this gene destroys AML cells while leaving healthy blood cells unaffected.
Researchers created origami-inspired artificial muscles that add strength to soft robots, allowing them to lift objects up to 1,000 times their own weight. The muscles are programmable, compact, and can be made for less than $1, opening the door to numerous applications in robotics, medicine, and space exploration.
A research team at DGIST has developed a technology to produce environmentally friendly water-borne semiconductor inks using surfactant, reducing the use of toxic organic solvents. The new ink has a relatively flat surface and is expected to be applied in various electronic devices such as transistors and photodiodes.
A new Canadian guideline recommends using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) to prevent HIV infection in high-risk individuals. The strategies are estimated to be cost-effective and may increase access to care.
Researchers identified AMIGO2 and PTK7 as key players in melanoma cell growth and survival. Targeting these proteins may lead to new treatments for metastatic melanoma.
Researchers find that oil industry revenue is helping accelerate carbon capture and storage (CCS) development, but may not be sufficient to meet the Paris Climate Agreement's emission reduction targets. CCS has the potential to slow global warming, but its deployment is currently limited.
Researchers found a link between negative emotions and higher opioid use in people with sickle cell disease, particularly with low pain levels. Negative thinking also played a role in short-acting opioid use, especially when pain was reported as high.
A Baylor University study found that white male gun owners experiencing economic stress are more emotionally and morally attached to their guns. They are also more likely to see violence against the US government as sometimes justified, according to researchers.
Monocytes play a pivotal role in osteoarthritis pain and progression. A study found that activated monocytes increase inflammation and body mass index, leading to worsened knee osteoarthritis. Researchers aim to explore the impact of exercise on older adults with OA.
The report examines how financial constraints, clinical expectations, and societal pressures impact reproductive autonomy. It also delves into the 'criminalization of pregnancy' causing racial disparities in reproductive autonomy.
Researchers at OIST created a device to study small-scale whirlpools and found that adding polymers reduces vortex intensity, saving energy. The discovery has implications for optimizing flows in lab-on-a-chip devices and improving inkjet printer resolution.
Large corporations are investing less in science, with publications by company scientists declining across industries since 1980. The value attributed to scientific research has dropped, while technical knowledge remains stable, suggesting a shift towards commercializing existing knowledge.
A new study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology demonstrates pain relief in humans using a Trk inhibitor. The study involved 20 participants and compared the inhibitor with pregabalin, ibuprofen, and placebo.
Leading lung cancer specialists call for immediate action to implement life-saving lung cancer screening programmes across Europe. The EU Position Statement on Lung Cancer Screening provides a detailed set of recommendations and a 'Call to Action' for policymakers to start planning within the next 18 months.
A systematic review of evidence reveals important gaps in knowledge about the safety and effectiveness of widespread off-label use of naloxone among patients, families, friends, and emergency responders. The study found that the majority of naloxone being administered nasally is probably the non-approved formulation, but little is know...
Researchers found that boron incorporation in InGaN material reduces electron collisions, increasing LED efficiency. The boron-based BInGaN material can be grown on top of GaN using existing techniques, making it suitable for high-power and efficient visible LEDs.
Cloud detection by satellites MODIS, CALIPSO, AIRS and CloudSAT onboard A-Train satellite constellation during severe haze episodes in winter 2015-2016 found haze impacts cloud observation. MODIS misclassified aerosol as cloud, suggesting caution when using its cloud product