University of Minnesota researchers report a novel encapsulation approach to identify and maintain dormant cancer cells in a quiescent state. This method involves immobilizing cells within a rigid silica-PEG matrix, which prevents movement and proliferation, allowing for differential response between cancer cell lines.
Researchers at UTHealth will investigate how genetic profiles interact with stressors like trauma exposure and HIV infection in cocaine addiction. The five-year study aims to develop more tailored treatments for this chronic public health problem.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown region of antithrombin protein plays a crucial role in preventing blood clots. This finding could lead to better-designed drugs for other blood disorders and improved treatments for patients with antithrombin deficiency.
Two Jefferson Lab researchers, Ted Rogers and Justin Stevens, received $750,000 in funding to advance their research on protons and the strong nuclear force. Rogers aims to improve understanding of quark movement, while Stevens seeks to gain insight into hybrid mesons and QCD.
Researchers have confirmed that cartilaginous fish fin and hypobranchial muscles develop via a similar mechanism to limb muscles in land-dwelling vertebrates and bony fish. Conserved genes, including Pax3 and Myod, were also identified.
A pilot program in five North Carolina schools reduced absenteeism among first- and second-grade students by an average of 10%. The Early Truancy Prevention Program, which involved teachers visiting homes to establish a positive connection with parents and students, showed strong evidence of effectiveness.
The study projects an increase in kinless adults among US citizens, particularly white and black Americans, from 2015-2060. The percentage of kinless adults is expected to more than double for white Americans and nearly triple for black Americans.
A recent study suggests that switching from cigarette smoking to vaping can lead to significant gains in life expectancy. Researchers estimate that around 6.6 million cigarette smokers could live substantially longer with e-cigarettes over a ten-year period.
A new study reveals that internal physical states can serve as contexts that cue specific learned behaviors, such as seeking food. Researchers found that rats conditioned to associate fullness with receiving treats pressed the lever far more often when they were full than hungry, suggesting a relapse pattern.
Researchers found that patients with high numbers of alterations detected in their DNA collected from blood samples had a higher response rate to treatment, and median survival was longer. The study suggests that counting mutations in the bloodstream could help predict response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Skipping breakfast increases the risk of atherosclerosis by up to 2.5 times, according to Spanish research. A high-energy breakfast reduces this risk, suggesting that eating habits play a crucial role in cardiovascular health.
Researchers found significant reductions in fatigue severity in people with MS who underwent transcranial direct current stimulation. The treatment, which is non-invasive and can be delivered remotely, showed promise in improving fatigue levels and quality of life for patients.
Researchers at UW Medicine have developed mini-kidney organoids that can track the early stages of polycystic kidney disease. By manipulating the micro-environment, they found that cyst formation can be increased or decreased.
Researchers found that the strength of olivine increases with decreasing grain size, indicating the mantle is weaker than believed. This discovery may help understand how tectonic plates form and deform.
A recent analysis revealed that proprietary Chinese medicines (pCMs) are frequently adulterated with undeclared agents, posing serious health hazards. The study identified 404 cases involving 487 adulterated pCMs or health products, with 65% of patients experiencing adverse effects.
A study found that counties with poor public health were more likely to shift towards Republican candidate Trump in the 2016 election. These counties had higher teen birth rates, lower healthcare resources and more rural populations than those supporting Democratic candidates.
Researchers observed that birds slowed down and increased vocal activity at the 'Tribute in Light Memorial' when illuminated by artificial light. The effects disappeared once the installation was extinguished, suggesting urban lighting may impact nocturnal bird migration patterns.
A study predicts that if large numbers of cigarette smokers switch to e-cigarettes, 6.6 million fewer premature deaths and 86.7 million fewer years of life lost could be avoided. The average smoker switching to e-cigarettes could increase their life expectancy by 0.5 years.
A study published in Frontiers in Neurology has found strong associations between healthy lifestyle factors and reduced pain levels in people with multiple sclerosis. Regular exercise was shown to increase pain threshold and tolerance, while a balanced diet and no smoking were also linked to lower pain levels.
Researchers found that birds learned about object properties through exploration before using them to solve tasks. The study suggested that playful exploration enables animals to gather information about their physical world, leading to creative problem-solving.
A study published in Nature Immunology has found that a specific type of immune cell, called T follicular regulatory cells, plays a crucial role in preventing autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus after viral infections. These cells prevent the generation of self-reactive antibody responses whil...
Researchers studied the movement of acetone droplets on water using a simplified model and three independent approaches, finding that ignoring surface tension's curvature leads to accurate calculations. The study has implications for understanding complex phenomena like droplet gliding and measurements like the Langmuir balance.
Researchers at Kyushu University have successfully demonstrated persistent luminescence from organic materials, achieving long-lived emission lasting over an hour. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize various fields, including bio-imaging and safety applications.
Researchers sampled radiocesium at 8 beaches up to 100 km from Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant, finding highest levels in brackish groundwater beneath the beaches. The concentrations do not pose public health risks but have implications for nuclear power plant management.
Scientists have successfully tracked an electron leaving the vicinity of an atom as it absorbs light, allowing for the classification of quantum mechanical behavior of electrons from different atoms. The breakthrough could eventually lead to controlling electrons' behavior inside matter and creating new states of matter.
A new national report provides comprehensive guidelines for innovative water-saving techniques, emphasizing safe expansion of water reuse systems. Decentralized non-potable water systems, which use local water sources, are highlighted as a promising approach to reduce water consumption by up to 50 percent.
Researchers studied HIV drug combinations to understand why some drugs act synergistically while others do not. They found that virus protein mutations and host cell receptor density affect synergy, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers found skipping breakfast associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and poorer cardiometabolic health. Participants who skipped breakfast had higher waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting glucose levels.
Researchers aim to develop a new model incorporating environmental and neighborhood-level characteristics to better predict major cardiovascular disease. The project will include over 200,000 patients' electronic health records and neighborhood-level information.
A Johns Hopkins study of firearm-related injuries found decreasing incidence in some age groups, increasing trends in others, and higher costs for gunshot wounds. Firearm injuries are also linked to mental health disorders, with attempted suicides having the highest incidence among Medicare enrollees.
Researchers found that bilingual brains rely more on native language processes when learning a new language, but learn it faster. This study supports the hypothesis that early bilingualism is beneficial for language learners in later life.
Researchers detected Freon-40, a stable organohalogen molecule, around infant star system IRAS 16293-2422 and comet 67P/C-G using ALMA and Rosetta. This finding suggests that organohalogens may be an important element in the origin of life, rather than indicators of existing life.
Scientists have discovered a way to create and control skyrmions at will in specific locations, paving the way for a new form of data storage. This breakthrough enables the storage of vast amounts of data in a tiny area, potentially extending Moore's Law.
Researchers used a mathematical model to determine how cone cells in zebrafish arrange themselves into specific patterns. Small defects in the patterns lead to only one of two possible arrangements, emerging from differences in adhesion force between cells.
Researchers found that depressive symptoms are associated with difficulties in performing daily activities in older Japanese adults. Symptoms of depression, including loss of interest and feelings of helplessness, can increase the risk of institutionalization and disability.
Researchers compared GM soybean oil to conventional soybean, coconut, and olive oils, finding that GM soybean oil reduces obesity and insulin resistance but causes similar negative effects on diabetes and fatty liver as conventional soybean oil. Olive oil produced identical negative effects to Plenish.
Scientists have discovered a 'chiral spin mode' - a sea of electrons spinning in opposing circles that can transport information with little energy dissipation. This breakthrough paves the way for building novel electronic devices such as computers and processors with reduced energy loss.
Michael W. Young, a Rockefeller University biologist, has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his groundbreaking work on circadian rhythm. His research revealed the molecular mechanisms that govern biological clocks, which regulate sleep, eating behavior, and metabolism.
Two Northwestern University studies uncover how egg cells use innovative strategies to detect and prevent division errors, leading to birth defects and miscarriages. The research identifies essential proteins for cell division and a backup process that ensures the correct number of chromosomes is received by the embryo.
Researchers at the University of Limerick have discovered that applying pressure to crystals of lysozyme, a protein found in egg whites and tears, can generate electricity. This finding has significant implications for innovative applications such as electroactive coatings for medical implants.
The University of Pittsburgh has established a new NSF-funded research center, SHREC, to focus on mission-critical computing in space, high-performance computing, and resilient computing. The center aims to bring in $1 million in annual external funding and collaborate with industry partners.
UK researchers found a link between delayed hospital discharges and rising mortality rates, with increased funding needed for the NHS and adult social care to address this issue. The study suggests that each additional day of delay in discharge is associated with an increase in deaths.
A 38-year-old man suffered serious liver damage after using Epsom salts to treat gallstones. He was advised to stop taking the salts and drink plenty of fluids after rapid worsening of fibrosis prompted by excessive salt intake.
D.J. Seo, a UTA professor, will use a $281,790 grant to implement hyper-resolution modeling in the National Water Model, allowing for street-resolving details and more accurate flooding predictions. The resulting model will enable officials to pinpoint specific neighborhoods impacted by flooding.
Researchers found that video game genres impact cognitive training, with strategy games offering unique benefits for memory and processing speed. Strategy games were associated with improved white matter connectivity in brain regions related to memory, while action games were linked to a brain region governing mood.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that the cost of compounded medication to prevent preterm births is significantly lower than the brand-name version. The analysis showed that the compounded form costs an average of $206 per pregnancy, compared to $10,917 for the brand-name version.
A study published in Health Affairs found that communication-and-resolution programs significantly improve patient safety while reducing liability costs. The programs, which include apologies and explanations for medical errors, lead to a low percentage of events resulting in lawsuits, with only 5% leading to malpractice claims.
Researchers successfully used CRISPR-Cas9 to eliminate the mutated myocilin protein, which led to lowered intraocular pressure and prevented glaucomatous damage in mouse eyes. This breakthrough study could pave the way for a new therapy to treat myocilin glaucoma in humans.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic found that nearly 40% of physicians hesitate to seek mental health care due to concerns about their medical license. The researchers discovered that states with licensing requirements asking about past mental health conditions have more reluctant physicians.
The NeuBtracker microscope allows for the simultaneous observation of neuronal activity and behavioral responses in zebrafish. This enables researchers to test the effects of substances on both brain activity and behavior, opening up new avenues for drug discovery and metabolic research.
Researchers found that stress reduces our capacity to detect new threats by impairing how well we track and update predictions of potentially dangerous circumstances. Stress also impairs flexibility in decision making, resulting in a slower rate of learning.
A study published by JAMA Network found that recent immigrants in Ontario, Canada, received significantly more aggressive end-of-life care compared to other residents. This disparity was seen in higher rates of intensive care admissions, mechanical ventilation, and dialysis.
A new survey reveals that 21% of adults in the US have personally experienced a medical error, often having lasting impacts on their physical and emotional health. The survey also highlights the importance of patient safety, with most respondents believing patients and families play a role in improving care.
Scientists suggest that life began on Earth when meteorites splashed down and leached essential elements into warm little ponds. The 'warm little ponds' concept has been proven plausible through extensive research and calculations.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that game-based interventions can increase physical activity among adults. In a 12-week clinical trial, participants who engaged with gamification elements showed significant improvements in step goal achievements and average daily steps compared to those in the control group.
Researchers at Kumamoto University discovered that pressure can be generated by stacking graphene oxide nanosheets and that this pressure increases with heat treatment. The study found a maximum pressure of 38 x 10^6 Pa, which can be adjusted by changing the heat treatment temperature.
A study published in CMAJ found that financial incentives for physicians to see patients sooner after discharge did not influence their behavior, with no significant improvement in follow-up rates. The incentive program, introduced in Ontario in 2006, aimed to reduce costly readmissions by encouraging early physician follow-up.
A researcher at the University of Pennsylvania will conduct a randomized, controlled study comparing home-based and office-based phototherapy treatments for psoriasis. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these treatments and fill an evidence gap in the treatment of this chronic autoimmune disease.
Researchers discovered a new method to create large crystalline lipid scaffolds with pore sizes five times that of regular lipids. These structures can now support much bigger proteins and encapsulate larger drug molecules than ever before.
Research analyzed medical records of 110 male and 102 female athletes with first-time concussion diagnoses, revealing a median duration of symptoms was 28 days for girls compared to 11 days for boys. Symptoms resolved within three weeks for 75% of boys but only 42% of girls.