A new user-friendly interface allows cell biologists to create complex biological models using the Virtual Cell supercomputer, expanding access to modeling capabilities. The updated version of VCell enables users to define molecules and explain interactions with minimal coding, reducing complexity and increasing usability.
KAUST researchers have demonstrated a scalable, efficient alternative technology to traditional electrical transistors, using mechanical vibrations excited by multifrequency electrical inputs. This novel technique enables the cascading of logic gates, resulting in lower complexity and higher integration densities.
A global research team of 22 scientists has created a comprehensive glossary of terms to describe cellular processes in plants, aiming to clarify confusion among experts. The lexicon covers key structures and processes involved in cytokinesis, a crucial phase of cell division that could accelerate breeding for sustainable materials.
A landmark study found that regular exercise can prevent future depression and that even small amounts of physical activity can deliver significant protection. The research involved 33,908 Norwegian adults and showed that 12% of cases of depression could have been prevented with just one hour of physical activity per week.
A new biomarker detects Alzheimer's disease in its preclinical phase, identifying individuals with impaired neuropsychological and neurophysiological functions. The discovery has high accuracy and sensitivity, offering a promising approach to early diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers identified a tiny viral protein, 3B3, that plays a key role in the replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus. This discovery could lead to the development of more effective vaccines against the disease.
A team of 98 scientists from 22 countries compiled a comprehensive database of past global temperature records spanning 1 CE to the present. The PAGES2k 2,000 Year Multiproxy Database contains 692 records from 648 locations, providing the largest body of climate records with high temporal resolution.
A study by Lancaster University found that women with troubled childhoods are more likely to have their children removed by the courts. Despite challenges, many women were able to turn their lives around and care for new babies with support from new partners and positive relationships.
A study by The Lancet Public Health found that US women must travel an average of 11 miles to access an abortion clinic, but one in five would need to travel over 43 miles. This disparity is particularly pronounced in rural areas, where some women face distances exceeding 180 miles for access.
The LIGO team detected gravitational waves from colliding black holes, providing a new way to explore the cosmos. Advanced optical interferometers enabled these breakthroughs, allowing scientists to study powerful astrophysical events.
Researchers found that two species of pumpkin toadlets produce sounds outside their hearing range due to an undeveloped inner ear, indicating they are insensitive to the sound of their own calls. This finding suggests that these frogs may be evolving towards a loss of acoustic communication.
Researchers found significant differences in diet between those buried in dolmens and caves, suggesting possible socioeconomic differences. The study used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to analyze bone collagen and found a more diverse diet in cave burials.
Research reveals eight mental models used by teachers to construct STEM-based lesson plans, highlighting the need for better understanding of STEM education's value and online classroom design. Implementing teacher leadership techniques in digital classrooms also improves communication patterns.
Research led by Dr. Carlos Arteaga has identified potential targets for treating chemotherapy-resistant triple negative breast cancer, including genes MCL1 and MYC. These genes can be targeted with specific drugs to slow or prevent chemotherapy resistance, improving the outlook for this aggressive form of breast cancer.
A new study found that surgical cancer centers in England are investing heavily in unproven technologies to stay competitive, despite a lack of evidence on their effectiveness. This trend has led to the closure of several centers, with patients often traveling to alternative facilities offering robotic surgery.
A study examining HIV virulence and its effect on the human immune system found that both CD4+ T cell decline and per-pathogen pathogenicity are heritable from donor to recipient. Heritability rates revealed a significant 17% impact, indicating that viral genotype plays a crucial role in infection severity.
A geochemist from MSU has assessed the oxidative environment and its changes inside asteroids from core to surface. The study reveals that variations in asteroid composition and structure significantly impact oxygen pressure.
Researchers will investigate how individual differences in stress response affect escalation of alcohol drinking after traumatic stress, with potential treatments for vulnerable populations. The study aims to identify neurobiological targets for treating alcohol abuse in PTSD patients.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory have successfully decomposed lignin into stable components using a phosphate-modified ceria catalyst, producing useful industrial precursors for nylon production. The process eliminates the need for hydrogen from natural gas and uses an energy-conserving alcohol-based hydrogenation process.
The durian tree relies on the pollination services of the island flying fox, which is critically endangered. The discovery has significant implications for Southeast Asia's tropical ecosystems and the lucrative durian industry.
A new study from the University of Colorado Denver finds that medical scribes significantly decrease patient wait times by about 13 minutes per patient. The presence of a scribe also reduces the time physicians spend completing patient charts, lowering overtime costs for emergency departments.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) have discovered a unique reaction pathway that utilizes molten sodium-based catalysts to efficiently convert natural gas into industrial products. The catalyst, which forms hydroxyl radicals from oxygen and water, has great potential for various catalytic reactions.
Researchers used historic accounts and modern methods to describe an extreme magnetic storm over Kyoto in the 18th century. The study provides valuable insights into past solar activity and its potential impact on future events.
A recent Kansas State University study uses holographic images to measure the size and shape of aerosol particles in the atmosphere. This technology has potential applications in climate science, such as understanding how particles scatter sunlight, and in biological weapons detection.
A study published in JAMA found that older adults taking blood-thinning medications are at a higher risk of hematuria-related complications, including emergency department visits and hospitalizations. The prevalence and severity of these complications are largely unknown, highlighting the need for further research.
Boston University School of Medicine researcher Hugo J. Aparicio is studying the associations between novel vascular biomarkers and cognitive dysfunction in a community-based study. The goal is to identify potential biomarkers for aging-related dementia, which could lead to earlier detection and treatment.
Researchers predict warming temperatures will alter forage growing season timing but have minimal effect on summer heat stress in dairy cattle. Poultry producers may benefit from lower energy costs, while beef cattle production could increase due to warmer conditions and more forage availability.
A Spanish research team found that urban house sparrows suffer from more stress due to toxic effects of air pollution and unhealthy diets compared to their country counterparts. This could have health implications for people living in cities.
A PSU study reveals nearly 300 aquatic species have landed on American shores since the 2011 Japanese tsunami, posing an environmental threat. The research highlights the importance of addressing human activities that contribute to marine pollution and invasive species.
Researchers used computational simulations to test the effectiveness of various radical pairs in avian magnetoreception. The results indicate that the current understanding of the radical-pair mechanism cannot explain the disruption of the bird's magnetic compass by certain radiofrequency magnetic fields.
The Critical Assessment of Metagenome Interpretation (CAMI) Challenge evaluated computational tools for metagenomes, assessing assemblers, binners, and taxonomic profilers. The benchmarking results provide performance overviews for developers and applied scientists, informing the selection of suitable software for research questions.
A new study from the University of Cambridge found that very old people are more likely to die comfortably in care homes or at home, compared to hospitals. The researchers highlight the need for improved training in end-of-life care for all staff and address the shortage of palliative care doctors in the NHS.
Researchers report on a new dosing regimen for actinium-225 labeled targeted alpha therapy, showing promising anti-tumor response in patients with PSMA-positive tumors. The treatment protocol balances treatment response with toxicity concerns to provide effective therapy with minimal side effects.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have discovered that wound healing is triggered by a complex series of calcium signals in cells. The team found that cells use both gap junctions and protein signaling to respond to injury, allowing them to differentiate between different types of wounds.
A Huddersfield-based company has partnered with the University of Huddersfield to leverage a Knowledge Transfer Programme (KTP) and develop modernized products for the rail industry. The partnership aims to reduce material usage, increase efficiency, and lower costs through the use of computer-aided design (CAD) software.
Researchers develop microneedle technology to increase topical anesthesia penetration, reducing patient discomfort during dental procedures. The method has shown promising results in preliminary tests, with patients tolerating deeper injections.
Researchers at Osaka University developed a new metal-free photocatalyst that absorbs a wider range of sunlight than before, producing visible and near-infrared light-driven hydrogen from water. This breakthrough could lead to cheap and clean hydrogen fuel, tackling the challenges of the hydrogen economy.
Researchers discovered that yeast cells form protein aggregates in response to stress, which are then dissolved when the stress passes. The aggregates serve as a protective mechanism for essential enzymes, enabling the cell to quickly recover from stress.
A new study suggests that decreased bullying exposure and family problems during childhood and adolescence could help reduce adult mental illness in extremely low birth weight preemies. Early mental health support for these individuals and their parents may also be beneficial.
Researchers have developed a new CRISPR delivery system, CRISPR-Gold, that can repair the mutation causing Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The system achieves an 18-times-higher correction rate and improves muscle strength and agility in mice.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered a novel approach to tissue regeneration, utilizing extracellular vesicles to stimulate cell production and facilitate tissue repair. The study shows promise in treating bone fractures, osteoporosis, and cartilage damage, with potential applications for widespread use.
Researchers found associations between genetic variations and limited dietary variety, struggles for control during mealtime, and bitter taste perception. This study aims to understand the interplay of nature and nurture in shaping picky eating behavior in early childhood.
Researchers developed a portable blood analyzer that can detect hemoglobin levels in whole blood samples using optical absorbance. The device is smaller than a toaster and can be used anywhere to monitor anemia prevalence and diagnose related conditions.
A new study reveals that amorphous ice, formed when water is cooled to low temperatures, exhibits a previously undetected internal pattern known as disordered hyperuniformity. This finding may help explain water's unique properties and challenge the definition of glass.
Researchers used flat worms to study the role of migrating stem cells in cancer. They found that regulatory genes controlling cell migration are also essential for planarian stem cells, providing a promising model for understanding human cancers.
A team of scientists has identified a protein called TOX that drives the initiation and growth of an aggressive form of leukemia. TOX is expressed in 95 percent of human T-ALL cases and required for cancer's growth and persistence, offering new targeted treatment approaches.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new method called quantitative deformability cytometry (q-DC) to rapidly determine a single cell's stiffness and size. This technique allows for standardized measurements of single cells and could lead to improved cancer treatments by tracking patient progress and predicting drug effectiveness.
The paper investigates differences between minimum and maximum information levels, introducing new theorems and concepts like overall info difference and typical ratios. It also explores inverse problems and applies comprehensive analysis to derive new insights.
Patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation using non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) may be at increased risk of major bleeding when combined with certain medications that share metabolic pathways. Concurrent use of amiodarone, fluconazole, rifampin, and phenytoin significantly increases the incidence rate of major bleeding.
A new study suggests that integrated sepsis screening and treatment protocols can increase the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to higher healthcare facility-onset C. difficile infection (CDI) rates. Researchers found an increased rate of HCFO CDI during and following sepsis care bundle implementation.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic found that TRPV1 protein plays a critical role in airway disease through mucus production, cough reflex stimulation and airway narrowing. The study suggests that targeting this protein may lead to new strategies to reduce the impact of RSV infections in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic children.
Midlife women experience significant weight gain, mainly in the midsection, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Researchers recommend primary care providers screen for overweight and establish behavioral interventions, including psychological support and physical activity.
Research shows prairie strips reduce soil and nutrient loss from steep ground, providing habitat for wildlife. Integrating prairie strips with rowcrops increases biodiversity and ecosystem services, with minimal impacts on crop production.
Researchers fine-tune DNA-based thin films to achieve a range of refractive indexes four times greater than silicon, enabling the creation of thinner optical fibers. This could lead to applications in photodynamic therapy, optogenetics, and biosensors.
A study by University of California San Diego School of Medicine researchers reveals that a simple blood test can predict which patients will respond to checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies, with 45% of patients showing significant response. The findings suggest that patients with high numbers of genomic alterations in their tumo...
Researchers at Osaka University developed a non-invasive imaging technique using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to quantify cancer severity. The method, called non-labeling multiphoton microscopy (NL-MPM), uses second harmonic generation and autofluorescence to detect malignancy with high accuracy.
A team of scientists discovered a global spike in nickel at the time of the Great Permian Extinction, suggesting massive Siberian volcanic eruptions caused significant environmental changes. The eruptions led to intense global warming and depleted oxygen in oceans, contributing to the extinction of over 90% of species.
Scientists at NGM Bio have uncovered the molecular biology and mechanisms of Growth and Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), a hormone regulating body weight. The study reveals potential therapeutics for diseases of excess and insufficient body weight, including obesity and cachexia.
Cancer survivors experience significant cognitive impairment due to chemotherapy, which can impact multitasking, memory and concentration. Researchers are developing strategies to prevent this condition without reducing chemotherapy efficacy, aiming to improve quality of life for millions of cancer patients.
A new study by Jacob Weiner found that less competitive wheat varieties produce higher yields when grown in groups, challenging traditional plant breeding methods. This finding could lead to a shift towards group selection and the development of more efficient agricultural practices.