Researchers are working to develop strategies for eucalyptus plantations to cope with climate change, including more efficient water use and biological pest control methods. The conference will also discuss the potential for eucalyptus plantations to capture carbon in their wood and soil.
Scientists discover that as we age, a small molecule called microRNA-141-3p increases and silences key signaling molecules like SDF-1 in stem cells, leading to weaker bone formation. Restoring a youthful balance could be a novel approach to reducing age-related problems like osteoporosis.
Researchers ran largest computer simulations of neutron star crusts to understand the possible sources of gravitational waves. They found that the material deep inside the neutron star is incredibly stiff, with 'nuclear pasta' shapes causing it to assemble into unique structures.
Researchers at Henry Ford Health will explore genetic makeup of gliomas to identify new therapies, building on previous discoveries about DNA methylation and molecular signatures.
A study by University of Kansas professors found that mass shootings create a brief window of opportunity for policymakers to pass gun law reforms, with anxious people supporting changes in ideology and politics. However, this effect is short-lived as the public's emotional response to anxiety changes how they think about politics.
A novel cosmetic product has shown promise in covering facial scars, with patients reporting improved satisfaction with their appearance. The treatment's effectiveness varies depending on the location and degree of scarring, but the results suggest a potential long-term solution for those affected.
Researchers at University of Notre Dame discover that T-cell receptors can be more cross-reactive than previously thought, increasing the challenge of developing effective immunotherapies. This finding highlights the need to reassess predictions for building models for therapy and recognizing targets.
A new study published in PLOS Biology reveals certain nonlethal methods are effective for managing predators in agricultural landscapes. Livestock guardian dogs, livestock enclosures, and fladry were scientifically shown to be effective conflict deterrents.
Researchers at UNIGE found that the brain struggles to counter its natural inclination towards minimizing effort when faced with physical activity. The study, published in Neuropsychologia, suggests that our ancestors' need to conserve resources for survival has become obsolete in modern societies.
Research found that silver nanoparticles and soluble silver cause inflammation in zebrafish gills, with nanoparticles leading to longer-term effects. After exposure, fish recovered from the metal, but continued to exhibit altered gene expression levels.
The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral interventions focusing on dietary changes and increased physical activity for adults with a BMI of 30 or higher. Obesity is associated with increased risks of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, various types of cancer, disability, and death, particularly among adults younger than 65 years.
Cardiff University researchers calculate a novel system for scoring an area's safety, successfully predicting road casualties. The system uses factors like crossings, street type, and speed limits, with Liverpool deemed the most unsafe and Bath the safest.
Researchers found that consumers engage more with high-arousal negative content in the morning and boosted, cognitive-requirement posts in the afternoon. By aligning post schedules with target audiences' circadian rhythms, digital content platforms can increase traffic and advertising revenue.
A thought experiment by Renato Renner and Daniela Frauchiger reveals a paradoxical situation where indirect observation of a quantum mechanical object yields the opposite result of direct observation. The calculation shows that precisely this is not the case, creating a conundrum. While colleagues have proposed various solutions, none ...
Researchers found that people with general goals reported more happiness over time, especially six weeks after the initial experience. This approach may be beneficial for experiences like material purchases or vacations, leading to a longer-lasting positive emotional imprint.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed an injectable-targeted drug that demonstrates accelerated and improved bone fracture healing. The grant will support human trials for this novel treatment, which could also be used for other conditions such as dental implants and spinal fractures.
Researchers found that people who report lingering symptoms after ACL surgery tend to overload or underload their injured leg, leading to cartilage damage. The study suggests that restoring proper movement mechanics through physical therapy and strength training may improve chances of avoiding osteoarthritis.
Researchers identified five groups of PiggyBac transposases working together with PiggyMac to accurately delete specific pieces of DNA. This discovery sheds light on the mechanism of gene removal and its role in species development and evolution.
The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector has recorded its first particle tracks, signaling a major breakthrough in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The ProtoDUNE detector will be used to unlock the mysteries of neutrinos and study their behavior.
Scientists have demonstrated that adding aluminium atoms to active carbon delivery capsules increases the adsorption of chemotherapy drugs, like 5-Fluorouracil, onto targeted delivery devices. This could lead to more effective cancer treatments with fewer side effects by encapsulating chemo drugs into active carbon.
Researchers developed an engineered E. coli strain that converts formic acid and CO2 to pyruvate, producing cellular energy from formic acid through reconstructed one-carbon pathways. The strain efficiently utilizes formic acid as a carbon source while reducing glucose consumption.
A study found that bacteria in the intestines fuel tumor growth in the colon, with chronic inflammation having no effect on cancer development. Microbial therapy is considered a promising approach when more about bacterial flora composition is known.
Scientists have developed a comprehensive model of electrochemistry that combines existing theories to predict previously unexplained behavior. The Unified Electrochemical Band-Diagram Framework enables the prediction of material properties and behavior in any electrode, including batteries, supercapacitors, and catalysis.
Research in Florida Keys reveals coral growth rate stability but declining skeletal density due to ocean acidification. The study highlights an important distinction between acute mortality events and long-term trends in baseline growth rates.
Researchers from Georgetown University Medical Center found that electrical brain stimulation can enhance creative thinking. However, the use of these devices in children raises concerns about safety and regulation. The authors suggest educating users and making safer tools available to mitigate risks.
A study published in Neuropsychologia suggests that human brains are innately attracted to sedentary behaviors and must work harder to avoid them. The research found that participants were faster at moving towards active images but required more brain resources to move away from inactive images.
Researchers found that giant jararacas are more abundant in an urban park with fewer predators than a nearby nature reserve. The study suggests that the lesser presence of predators is the key factor explaining this phenomenon.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania discovered a common thread linking nearly all TNR expansion diseases: misfolded 3D genome patterns. Nearly all unstable repeats are located at genome folding boundaries, suggesting new research questions for diagnosis or treatment.
A Stanford study suggests using government payments to incentivize the oil industry to capture more carbon dioxide from human-related sources. This could lead to a 9.5% reduction in climate emissions, even with increased oil extraction. The proposal involves a reverse Dutch auction system to pilot-test the concept.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that medical schools have a median shortfall of nearly $27,500 per year, adding up to $110,000 for veterans, despite receiving the GI bill. This means that only 45% of medical school tuition is covered by aid compared to 85% for law and 100% for MBA programs.
A new study links Greenland ice sheet melting to natural climate patterns, the North Atlantic Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The findings suggest that these patterns could accelerate or decelerate melting by two decades earlier or later this century.
The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector has recorded its first particle tracks, signaling the start of a new chapter in DUNE's scientific mission to unlock neutrino mysteries. Scientists will operate the detector over several months to test technology and gather data for future research.
A study by Michigan State University found that managing email can hinder a manager's productivity and leadership abilities. Managers reported lower work progress and fewer effective leader behaviors when faced with high email demands, leading to decreased employee performance and increased stress.
Mitochondria use one-way doors called mitochondrial calcium uniporter channel complexes (MCUCs) to control access, but the exit door proteins are abundant only in areas far from the entrances. This separation allows mitochondria to operate at maximum efficiency even when stressed.
Researchers use artificial neural networks to predict crystal stability in garnets and perovskites, achieving accuracy up to 10 times that of previous models. The team's web application allows for fast computation of material properties on various devices.
Fading Post-Tropical Cyclone Florence reveals strongest thunderstorms in the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions. Cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit are associated with heavy rainfall.
Researchers at Imperial College London have identified six compounds that can prevent malaria parasites from maturing inside mosquitoes, reducing disease transmission. These compounds, which target the parasite's sexual forms, could be used to develop new antimalarial drugs that not only cure individuals but also protect communities.
A study found associations between air pollution and dementia diagnoses in London patients, with higher NO2 and PM2.5 levels linked to a 40% increased risk of dementia. The study's findings suggest that traffic-related air pollution may contribute to neurodegeneration, particularly for Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists at the University of Konstanz have gained detailed structural insights into DNA polymerases interacting with modified substrates. This knowledge can be used to advance genome sequencing and other areas of molecular biology-based diagnostics.
A study published in Cell Reports has identified Np63a as a driver of squamous cell carcinoma growth and found that activating tumor suppressor genes TGFB2 and RHOA can halt this process. This discovery provides a promising pathway for developing new cancer treatments.
A study published in Radiology found that thermal ablation is a safe and effective treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, delivering comparable survival rates to stereotactic radiotherapy. The one-time treatment also offers direct access to the tumor, enabling biopsy samples and potentially lower costs.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered that ubiquitination influences GPCR function and promotes inflammation. Existing cancer drugs targeting enzymes involved in ubiquitination may be repurposed to treat vascular inflammation.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its Outstanding Poster Award, recognizing outstanding scientific achievements in biophysics. The student winners were selected for their research on HERG kinetics, while the postdoctoral winner was recognized for her work on cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Researchers discover mannose reduces body fat, improves fitness, and modifies the gut microbiome in mice with a high-fat diet. The study sheds light on the role of the microbiome in obesity and its potential for treating weight-related diseases.
Scientists detected alterations in capillary blood flow around the face caused by body position change, revealing a response to hydrostatic pressure difference and external stimuli. The non-contact method provides valuable information on peripheral blood flow regulation, potentially leading to new investigations of body responses.
A new study suggests that peatlands may develop a chemistry similar to tropical peats, stabilizing against further decomposition and releasing less carbon into the atmosphere. This could mitigate the potential for substantial carbon losses due to climate change.
Residents in certain specialties, such as urology and neurology, were more likely to report burnout symptoms. High levels of anxiety during medical school were associated with burnout symptoms during residency across all specialties.
Researchers from NIST developed a laser power sensor that can be built into manufacturing devices for real-time measurements. The 'smart mirror' uses radiation pressure to measure the force of light on a reflective surface, providing high accuracy and sensitivity for lasers of hundreds of watts.
Researchers reconstructed a drastic climate change event in southern France using tree-ring width measurements and chemical analyses. They found that the region experienced increased air mass transport from the North Atlantic and regional variability in precipitation, leading to extreme weather conditions.
Tropical Depression Joyce's cloud top temperatures are as cold as minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, generating heavy rainfall. The depression is forecast to weaken and become a remnant low over the next couple of days.
Researchers at UTMB successfully adapted a Zika virus vaccine to target and kill glioblastoma, the deadliest form of brain tumor. The altered vaccine effectively destroyed cancerous brain cells in mice without harming healthy ones.
The enVision platform detects diseases in 30 minutes to an hour, with costs under S$1 per test. The technology uses enzyme-assisted nanocomplexes to identify nucleic acids and has demonstrated superior sensitivity and specificity compared to clinical gold standard.
Researchers identified a neuronal BRAF somatic mutation causing intrinsic epileptogenicity in pediatric brain tumors, leading to a potential new therapeutic target. The mutation arose from neural stem cells and was found to alleviate seizures in animal models treated with the BRAF inhibitor Vemurafenib.
A new study has detected BFDV in eight countries, raising fears for threatened species. The virus is believed to have originated in Australasia and can cause severe health issues in parrots.
Researchers found that people's dislike of wasps is largely due to a lack of knowledge about their role in regulating pest populations and disease-carrying insects. The study suggests that changing public attitudes towards wasps could help protect the ecosystem's biodiversity.
A simulation by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers suggests that direct collapse black holes (DCBH) would produce specific kinds of intense radiation, including X-rays and ultraviolet emission. They also predict the formation of massive metal-free stars, a finding unexpected at first but making sense in hindsight.
Scientists used ecological niche models to predict habitat suitability and invasion risk for over 900 lakes in Minnesota and Wisconsin. The models found relatively high risk of invasion in central Minnesota and eastern Wisconsin waters.
New research shows that the timing and order of introduction of gut bacteria after birth significantly impact the development of the microbiome. This discovery could eventually allow doctors to establish beneficial gut bacteria in infants right after birth, potentially warding off serious chronic diseases.
Researchers have successfully deployed a Zika virus vaccine to target and kill human glioblastoma brain cancer stem cells in mice, offering a potential new treatment option. The vaccine demonstrated effectiveness in delaying tumor development and prolonging survival time in mouse models.
Research from INSEAD reveals that perceiving oneself as busy can boost self-control and lead to healthier decisions, such as exercising or saving for retirement.