Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) have multiple identities during muscle regeneration, driving symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Targeting FAPs with defined markers may prevent fibrosis and promote regeneration.
A global observational study found that consuming three servings of dairy per day is associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The study's findings support the potential benefits of dairy consumption for mortality and cardiovascular disease prevention, particularly in low-income countries.
Research suggests that early life stress can lead to increased levels of 'danger' molecules, which can overwhelm the body's natural system and cause chronic inflammation. This can ultimately result in a host of health problems, including cardiovascular disease.
A research team at the University of Turku discovered a link between HOXB13 and CIP2A genes and aggressiveness of prostate cancer. The simultaneous expression of these two gene variants predisposes men to get prostate cancer earlier in life and stimulates tumor formation.
A study by Durham University found that industry-certified particle masks are most effective at protecting people from volcanic ash, while surgical masks offer less protection. The study also showed that cloth materials like bandanas and T-shirts provide very poor filtration.
A team of researchers has discovered a novel colour-generation mechanism in the 'rainbow' weevil, which could lead to the creation of cosmetics with purer hues and digital displays with true colours from any angle. The mechanism is composed of three-dimensional crystalline structures made from chitin that control both size and volume f...
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center identified the enzyme cyclophilin A as a potential target for treating breast cancer. By inhibiting this enzyme, they were able to slow or halt the growth of breast cancer cells. The discovery builds on previous work and holds promise for rapid development of novel therapies.
NETenergy will commercialize its hybrid thermal energy storage technology to reduce cooling costs in commercial buildings. The $500,000 grant from the DOE will help construct a hybrid HVAC prototype and develop it for commercialization.
Scientists from the University of Luxembourg have identified a molecular mechanism responsible for colon cancer cell spread and metastasis. A small molecule cluster, miR-371~373, was found to regulate colon cancer metastasis in aggressive, fast-growing cancer cells. Reactivation of this cluster slowed down metastatic cell growth.
Researchers discovered that mice lacking a key gene, CMAH, can run stronger and longer with less fatigue. This gene loss may have contributed to humanity's ability to run long distances relatively tirelessly.
Tropical Depression Paul is moving westward, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph. The depression is expected to weaken into a remnant low on Wednesday due to stable air and cooler sea surface temperatures.
A new study of 96 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) found that those experiencing stress have higher levels of cancerous cells and cytokines in their blood. The researchers also discovered a link between stress and disease severity, even after controlling for other factors.
Researchers have identified an unusual biosynthetic pathway in bacteria that can produce a key feature of a phosphonate compound, which has antifungal properties. By deciphering this process, scientists aim to accelerate the search for new natural products with potential pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
A 10-year US study found the highest Salmonella enterica serotype Newport infection incidence in the South and among children under 5. Antimicrobial resistance rates were also highest, with 88% of isolates susceptible to all tested antimicrobials.
A new study from UC Berkeley Haas School of Business uses computational models to analyze how people treat others differently based on stereotypes. Researchers found that variations in perceived traits translate to differences in treatment, with warmer groups receiving more than competent ones.
The Suomi NPP satellite provided a visible image of Hurricane Helene's eye on September 10, measuring approximately 20 nautical miles in width. The storm showed signs of strengthening with strong thunderstorms and cold cloud tops before expected weakening on September 12.
Mothers with elevated blood glucose during pregnancy were more likely to develop type 2 diabetes a decade after giving birth. Children born to mothers with high blood glucose also had a higher risk of obesity, even when adjusted for the mother's BMI.
Researchers have successfully conducted a Phase I clinical trial in China, showing that stem cells extracted from baby teeth can regrow dental tissue, promoting healthy root development and increased blood flow. The treatment has been found safe and effective, with patients regaining sensation in their injured teeth.
A study of 1,826 adolescents found that higher current total activity was associated with lower VLDL and triglycerides, while longer-term activity showed similar results. The findings suggest that it's never too late to benefit from physical activity, but maintaining regular engagement is key.
Scientists have detected the geodesic acoustic mode at two locations within an experimental fusion reactor for the first time. This new experimental setup will be a useful diagnostic tool for investigating zonal flows and their role in the L-H transition, crucial for regulating turbulence and particle transport.
Experts outperformed novices in robotic radical prostatectomy by completing the procedure faster, with fewer needle-driving attempts and less tissue trauma. A new training tutorial uses automated performance metrics to break down complex surgical steps into smaller, discrete parts.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found sarcolipin increases muscle energy expenditure and fat oxidization by uncoupling calcium ion transporter SERCA activity. This leads to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and fat burning, potentially helping people with obesity and type 2 diabetes
The project aims to develop tools to learn experientially about the harmful effects of transmitted collective traumas and their impact on hatreds and vengeance. Local events will be organized to test experiential learning tools, bringing together students, teachers, and community members.
A new study found that mechanically ventilated patients treated with vasopressor medications have a higher risk of developing ICU-associated weakness. The use of beta-adrenergic receptor-stimulating vasopressors like norepinephrine was associated with a three-fold increase in the odds of developing weakness.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a technique to visualize and film the high-speed switching processes of tiny magnetic structures. This method enables researchers to investigate magnetization behavior with sub-nanosecond time resolution, opening up new possibilities for optimizing magnetic components.
Researchers developed a novel HTS assay and miniaturized it to identify small molecule modulators of GPR119, a promising target for treating type 2 diabetes. The study screened over 500,000 compounds and identified 200 modulators, paving the way for new treatments.
A four-year, $6 million project aims to reduce stalk lodging in corn and sorghum using mathematical modeling and innovative technology. The team plans to breed stronger plants that can withstand various environmental factors, potentially increasing global food production by up to a billion people.
Scientists at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute have identified a potential strategy in fighting brain cancer by targeting a gene associated with circadian rhythms. Inhibiting this gene may inhibit cancer stem cells from renewing themselves and differentiating into glioblastoma cells.
A recent Finnish study found that adolescents with better aerobic fitness have more compliant arteries than their lower-fit peers, suggesting a link between anaerobic threshold and arterial stiffness. Regular physical activity starting in childhood may be the first line in preventing early arterial aging.
Researchers found that clots have different compositions and administering tPA can be as effective as thrombectomy given sufficient time. The study involved nearly 600 patients across five countries and provided definitive evidence on the value of giving patients tPA.
The study reveals that the extratropical circulation is less predictable than the tropical component due to large atmospheric internal variability. The connection between the EAP pattern and surface temperatures in eastern Russia can modulate the East Asian rainband, improving seasonal forecasts.
The new study reveals that different KRAS mutations have distinct effects on the KRAS protein's molecular-level function. The findings enhance understanding of cancer-causing mutations and may lead to the development of targeted drug therapies.
Researchers developed a DNA-based test to predict which patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are at risk of relapse. The test can identify treatment-resistant cancer cells three weeks after transplantation, allowing for earlier therapeutic intervention.
A new study published in JAMA found that immediately reducing nicotine in cigarettes leads to more rapid positive public health effects, including decreased exposure to toxic chemicals and increased smoke-free days. However, smokers may experience more severe withdrawal symptoms during the transition.
A study led by Prof. Erich Bornberg-Bauer revealed that de novo genes constantly emerge in non-coding DNA regions and can occasionally acquire functions in organisms over longer periods of time.
Researchers identified a specific neural network that helps regulate babies' brain activity in response to pain, similar to adults. Greater functional connectivity within this network was found to lead to lower brain activity in response to painful stimuli.
Researchers at the University of Illinois are developing a system that combines drones with existing ride-sharing vehicles to provide synergetic delivery service. The goal is to reduce delivery costs by solving the complex problem of the 'last mile' of delivery, which accounts for 50% of all delivery costs.
A new virus has been discovered that may help combat invasive fire ants by reducing their foraging activity and altering their dietary preferences. However, this could also impact the efficacy of conventional chemical control methods.
Super Typhoon Mangkhut strengthened into a Category 4 storm with sustained winds of 155mph. The National Weather Service predicts further intensification to Category 5 by Wednesday and Thursday.
A new study reveals a strong association between back pain, smoking, drinking, anxiety, depression, and school absenteeism in adolescents. Researchers found that teens experiencing frequent back pain are more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors and report mental health problems.
Renewable biofuels have huge potential, but two main challenges need to be overcome: developing efficient microbial cell factories and converting biomass into sugars. The study suggests that improving these processes could make biomass-derived hydrocarbons a real alternative to fossil fuels.
Researchers created a 3D lung cell model system to investigate how carbon-based combustion byproducts interact with human epithelial tissue. The study found that charged particles tend to stick together before penetrating the gas-exchange barrier, while neutrally charged nanodots pass through the tissue more easily.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan have discovered that TEMPO, a well-known artificial anti-oxidant, is significantly more effective than nature's best option, vitamin E. The study found that TEMPO can convert free radicals to harmless molecules up to 100 times faster than vitamin E in certain environments.
The study reveals 21 new parasitoid wasp species, updating the genus count to 27 and providing a systematic revision. The wasps' unique characteristics, such as large size and vivid coloration, suggest they likely parasitize orthopterans like grasshoppers and crickets.
Researchers developed a model that predicts black carbon's direct radiative effect with high accuracy, considering particle size and mixing state. The study finds that accurately describing these factors is crucial to understanding black carbon's contribution to climate change.
Tropical peatlands have a natural biochemical defense mechanism that resists decay, even in warming temperatures and droughts. This mechanism is stabilized by high levels of aromatic compounds, which create a barrier protecting the peat from oxidation.
A recent study published in Open Heart reveals that UK heart failure patients are significantly more likely to die than their Japanese counterparts, with mortality rates being nearly twice as high. The disparity persists even after accounting for differences in patient severity and risk factors.
Researchers at University of Houston develop synthetic compound that inhibits two major pathways of pancreatic cancer. The drug, MA242, targets NFAT1 and MDM2, reducing tumor growth and progression.
Researchers found employees with a criminal record stayed in their sales or customer service roles on average 19 days longer than those without. They also discovered that some employers may benefit from hiring workers with a record, as these individuals can provide valuable labor for less cost.
A study from 2000-2017 found that active shooter incidents involving semiautomatic rifles resulted in a significantly higher number of wounded and killed individuals compared to those without semiautomatic rifles. Semiautomatic rifles were used in approximately 25% of the shootings, resulting in 898 people being wounded and 718 deaths.
Researchers developed a new framework combining three methods to find large DNA mutations in cancer cells. The approach reveals how these mutations contribute to cancer development and can help predict effective treatment plans.
Researchers discovered that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants interact with nuclear DNA mutations to determine the severity of heart disease in mice. Different mtDNA variants conferred either worsened or protected heart damage, suggesting a key role for mtDNA in cardiomyopathy progression.
Engineers at the University of British Columbia have developed a new ultrasound transducer that could lower costs to as low as $100. The device uses tiny vibrating drums made of polymer resin, reducing manufacturing costs.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a method to transform video content into another style, enabling applications like movie production and self-driving cars. The technique uses generative adversarial networks and incorporates temporal information to produce high-quality results.
A study by San Diego State University researchers found that about 1 percent of 9 and 10-year-old children surveyed self-identified as gay, bisexual or transgender. The study, utilizing the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development dataset, provides unprecedented insight into early identity development.
C. David Allis and Michael Grunstein receive the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for discovering histone modifications influence gene expression. John B. Glen wins the Lasker~DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award for developing propofol, a widely used anesthesia agent.
Researchers have successfully mapped the orange clownfish's genome using high-tech sequencing tools, creating a comprehensive genetic blueprint. The completed genome contains over 26,000 protein-coding genes and will aid in understanding reef fish biology, sex change, larval dispersal, and ocean acidification impacts.
A Baylor University study found that bereaved children whose late mothers were very religious are likely to be less religious after their mother's death. In contrast, children whose late mothers placed no importance on religion are more likely to become religious, particularly in prayer and importance of faith.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo developed a computational tool that can learn from headcam footage to predict where the user's focus will next be targeted. This approach combines visual saliency with gaze prediction, achieving better results than existing methods.
Researchers at Washington State University developed a new nanoparticle system that targets infections to release antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents. This breakthrough technology aims to improve treatment for sepsis and bacterial infections by reducing the spread of bacteria and inflammation.