A Montana State University study examines 35 ecological vital signs in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, finding increased human population and density, as well as a changing climate, are affecting its overall health. The research also highlights opportunities for citizen scientists to gather data and contribute to ecosystem assessments.
A new test predicts advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients, accurately identifying 92% of those at risk. The tool uses the PRO-C3 biological marker and combines it with clinical information for highly accurate results.
A study by Gemma Scholes and colleagues found that newborn babies with congenital heart disease tend to have significantly enlarged kidneys. This contradicts previous assumptions about organ development in these infants. The type of congenital abnormality also influences kidney size, with some having larger or smaller than normal kidneys.
A new study from the University of Arizona found that transmasculine adolescents and nonbinary teens are at the greatest risk for attempting suicide. The research highlights the need for targeted suicide-prevention efforts, particularly among these vulnerable groups.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $16 million to 18 cross-disciplinary projects exploring the intersection of neural and cognitive systems. These innovative research approaches aim to tackle fundamental questions about the brain, developing new methods for studying neural activity and behavior.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new method of protecting artifacts by coating them with a single layer of graphene on top of metal leaves, doubling their protective quality. The technique, known as graphene gilding, offers enhanced mechanical resistance and cost-effectiveness.
NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captures Tropical Storm Barijat as a small and disorganized system with developing thunderstorms. The storm is forecast to steadily weaken after moving over southern China's Leizhou Peninsula.
Untreated gestational diabetes after pregnancy is associated with development of glucose metabolism disorders in mothers, but not childhood overweight/obesity. The study found that new criteria for gestational diabetes diagnosis may be relevant in assessing maternal risk.
Researchers found that EVL protein helps contain cancer cells within the original tumor site by regulating actin cytoskeleton, which may lead to combination treatments for patients with ER-positive tumors.
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist will join nationwide clinical trial networks, NeuroNEXT and NIH StrokeNet, to develop new treatments for neurological diseases and improve stroke prevention. The institution aims to enroll patients from historically underserved groups and make meaningful contributions to both networks.
A study in Japanese patients found that common genetic variations, including copy number variations (CNVs), underlie both autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. The researchers identified 12 CNV loci associated with these disorders and observed an overlap of pathogenic CNVs between the two conditions.
A new study found that Arctic tundra, particularly wetlands, acts as a net carbon sink, sequestering atmospheric CO2 through plant uptake and growth. The region's ability to absorb and store carbon makes it essential for determining the Arctic's role in climate change.
The American Gastroenterological Association has launched a new initiative to foster opportunities for underrepresented minorities in gastroenterology research and career development. The program aims to provide training, mentoring, and leadership skills to promote diversity in the field.
Researchers will develop AR experiences varying in visual immersion and interactivity to understand their impact on learning and engagement. The project aims to dispel misconceptions using AR to provide additional information about the Tar Pits' history and discoveries.
Clostridium difficile produces p-cresol to control intestinal microbiota and confer fitness advantage over natural protective bacteria. This compound may provide a novel drug target for reducing C. difficile infection.
A standardized protocol for FRET has been established, enabling precise measurement of distances within biomolecules. This breakthrough methodology can overcome size and stability limitations of other structural biology methods, leading to targeted drug development and new research opportunities.
Researchers found that nasal cells have a stronger antiviral response, while lung cells have a stronger defense against oxidative stress. This trade-off can make individuals more susceptible to rhinovirus infection when exposed to another stressor like cigarette smoke.
A new bacterial strain, Staphylococcus cornubiensis, has been identified from a skin infection in Cornwall. The strain is genetically unique and likely belongs to the Staphylococcus intermedius group, which is also associated with pets.
A new study from Binghamton University found that benevolent leadership styles have a positive impact on employee performance, while authoritarian leadership has negative effects. The researchers discovered that showing compassion to employees motivates them to be better workers and increases job satisfaction.
Katsuya Shimizu received the prize for his discovery of superconductivity in non-superconducting elements under high pressures with a Tc up to 29K. The Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston sponsors the award, recognizing outstanding contributions to the field.
Scientists have developed a method to create human lung organoids from embryonic stem cells, which can develop into mature alveolar type 1 and 2 cells. The study demonstrates the potential for these organoids to model human lung development, providing new insights into the disease.
A new study suggests that Functional Family Therapy (FFT), a widely used treatment for troubled young people, may not be as effective as claimed. The review of existing research found mixed quality evidence and high rates of reoffending with FFT.
Hurricane Olivia is expected to bring heavy rainfall and strong winds to the Hawaiian Islands as it moves towards the state. The storm's cloud tops have temperatures near minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, capable of generating heavy rainfall.
A team of researchers has characterized the fates of individual phagocytes in the central nervous system, revealing that they can switch between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes. This discovery sheds light on the complex role of mononuclear phagocytes in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
A study found that patients with higher continuity with their prescribing physician received fewer risky opioid prescriptions and were less likely to be hospitalized for opioid-related causes. However, long-term opioid use was associated with lower continuity scores than other medications, highlighting the need for improved prescribing...
A recent study published in Nature Energy found that people in wealthy countries are less concerned about the reliability and affordability of their energy supplies. The research, which analyzed data from over 44,000 people across Europe, highlights the importance of including economic and social factors in energy security policy.
Scientists from TUM discovered that individual nerve cells create parallel connections to three areas of the brain, establishing feedback loops that reinforce salient stimuli while suppressing others. This automatic attention control mechanism is also shared by humans, revealing insights into perception and consciousness.
Tropical Storm Isaac's circulation center has shifted away from the bulk of clouds and precipitation, indicating wind shear is at play. NASA satellite data reveals a vertically stacked system of rotating winds, with wind shear pushing against the storm, weakening its rotation and balance.
A beetle that tricks bees into carrying it into their nests has adapted its deceptions to local hosts, according to research. The larvae of the beetle lure male digger bees with chemical signals mimicking female sex pheromones, allowing them to feed on bee eggs and provisions.
Jessica Metcalf, a microbe scientist at Colorado State University, has been awarded an early-career grant to study the impact of lifestyle changes and antibiotics on the human gut microbiome. Her research aims to understand how these factors shape the microbiome and its role in human health.
The study found that less food energy at depth makes it difficult for microbes to decompose organic carbon deposits, creating an underground storehouse. As a result, carbon is more likely to be stored long-term due to slower decomposition rates.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine reveals that more than half of women with breast cancer are now receiving their diagnosis over the phone. The researchers found a significant shift in diagnosis delivery method since 2007, when approximately 25 percent of patients learned about their diagnosis via phone.
Using fMRI scans, University of Pennsylvania researchers found that people who donated a kidney to an anonymous recipient were more sensitive to a stranger's fear and pain, with activation in the anterior insula brain region. This study provides the first clear link between real-world altruism and empathy for the pain of strangers.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a groundbreaking new treatment for tuberculosis (TB), targeting the bacteria's defenses rather than killing it directly. The compound shows promise in animal studies, offering hope for a more effective and less toxic treatment option.
Researchers have discovered how the biophysical properties of rotavirus particles account for their functions, which could lead to novel antiviral strategies. The study provides a detailed understanding of the interactions between protein shells, enabling the development of new treatments against infection.
NASA's Aqua satellite observed Hurricane Florence undergoing an eyewall replacement cycle, which may lead to increased rainfall and storm intensity. The storm is expected to make landfall in North Carolina or South Carolina on Thursday, September 13, with severe weather warnings already in effect.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have discovered that Clostridium difficile toxins penetrate intestinal cells by exploiting a protein called TRiC. Blocking or inhibiting TRiC can prevent cell poisoning, offering potential new strategies for combating these bacterial infections.
New research reveals genetic differences in skeletal muscle receptors contribute to varying responses to exercise, increasing risk of future high blood pressure.
A new study by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health suggests that an inhaled form of a high blood pressure medication may treat certain types of anxiety as well as pain. The treatment uses a short-acting nasal spray called amiloride, which targets physiological changes in brain functioning linked to anxiety and pain sensitivity.
A new study conducted in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia found that high-efficiency particulate arresting (HEPA) air purifiers can decrease fine particulate matter by 29% and lead to babies weighing up to 85 grams more at term. The results provide further evidence of the negative impact of air pollution exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth.
Researchers at Insilico Medicine developed an Entangled Conditional Adversarial Autoencoder (ECAAE) that generates molecular structures based on various properties. The generated molecule demonstrated high activity and selectivity against a specific protein, laying the foundation for AI-powered drug discovery.
A study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology found that delayed childbearing is a significant contributor to the increase in multiple births in the US. Older women are more likely to have twins, triplets, and quadruplets, with risks increasing by three to six times depending on age and ethnicity.
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes from two 6th-century cemeteries in Hungary and Italy, shedding light on the lives of Longobard communities. The study found a strong relationship between genetic background and material culture, suggesting that these communities were aware of their differences and it influenced their social identity.
Researchers from the University of California, Irvine, and other institutions have developed a new method using deep machine learning to simulate cloud physics. The approach achieved stable and accurate multiyear simulations that included realistic precipitation extremes and tropical waves.
University of Tokyo researchers have developed a trans-omics approach that maps the interactions between molecules inside cells in response to insulin. This comprehensive understanding may lead to better therapies for type 2 diabetes by identifying potential drug targets and optimizing insulin regimens.
Researchers discovered that GTPases like EF-Tu can exist in a mixture of structures, rather than being fixed as 'on' or 'off'. This flexibility may help develop targeted drugs for bacterial infections and cancer treatment.
A Stanford University study found that lack of transparency in US home buyout programs leads to lower participation rates and perpetuates social inequality. The research suggests increasing clarity on decision criteria, community involvement, and emphasis on equitable relocation can improve the program's effectiveness.
Fifty ERC grant holders have been awarded Proof of Concept Grants to explore the commercial potential of their frontier research results. The grants aim to transform top science into practical innovations that can benefit society.
Researchers from Singapore University of Technology and Design have resolved a major mystery in 2D material Schottky diodes by employing a rigorous theoretical analysis. A new theory describes different variants under a unifying framework, laying down a foundation to unite prior contrasting models.
In a mouse model, researchers found that dysfunctional regulatory T-lymphocytes contribute to sustained inflammation and cardiac enlargement. Removing these cells restored normal function and reversed disease progression. This therapeutic approach suggests a new target for treating human heart failure.
A team of researchers from Clemson University and two other institutions is working to understand the genetics and structural mechanics behind stalk lodging in corn and sorghum. The study aims to break down complex traits into smaller, intermediate characteristics that can be easily grasped at both genetic and structural levels.
New York University has received nearly $66 million in funding from the National Institutes of Health to investigate how environmental factors impact children's health. The ECHO initiative will explore how early life exposures affect brain development, obesity risk, and overall well-being.
Coronary angiography is essential for detecting acutely occluded epicardial coronary arteries in resuscitated individuals with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Numerous cohort studies have shown an association between survival and early coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention.
A new study from Duke University reveals racial wealth inequality is a key contributor to urban unrest. The racial wealth gap has worsened over the past 50 years, with black and Latino households holding significantly less wealth than white households.
Researchers discovered a link between BSEP inhibition and FXR activation, explaining the weak concordance between BSEP inhibition potency and cholestatic DILI incidence. The C-DILI assay has been shown to have high in vitro-in vivo correlation among compounds known to have a risk of DILI.
New research found that for every one-degree-Celsius increase in temperature, mountaintop species shift upslope by 100 metres, resulting in shrinking inhabited areas and dramatic population declines. This supports predictions of extinctions among top species due to global warming.
A study found that brain teaser questions give interviewers power and speak to their dark personality traits, such as narcissism and sadistic tendencies. Participants who support the use of these questions were less socially competent and relied heavily on intuition in the hiring process.
Researchers identified BAP1-regulated target genes and mechanisms linking ferroptosis to tumor suppression in various cancers. Treatment with ROS inducer resulted in increased ferroptosis-related cell death in BAP1 cancer cells, suggesting a potential new area of therapy research.
Researchers developed a predictive model to identify the most beneficial 3D distortions for controlling edge localized modes (ELMs) in tokamaks. The KSTAR facility validated these predictions with remarkable accuracy, paving the way for ITER's successful operation.
Scientists at Kyoto University have discovered a protein, AIP1, that plays a crucial role in regulating cell arrangement during wing development in fruitflies. The study reveals how cells sense and respond to tissue tension, which is essential for shaping tissues like wings.