Osaka University researchers successfully delivered microRNAs to immune response cells in inflamed intestinal tracts using a super carbonate apatite (sCA), reducing inflammatory cytokines. The study showed that sCA could be used to treat a wide range of immunity and allergic disorders caused by immune responses.
New York University researchers discovered two ways to blow bubbles: pushing a steady wind on a soap film through a circular wand and gently driving an already-inflated film. This study has potential applications in consumer products with bubbles or droplets, such as sprays and foams.
A team of researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology has identified a previously unknown progenitor population with neutrophil characteristics, which promotes tumor growth. The discovery could serve as an early warning sign for cancer and drive new therapeutic approaches for treating neutropenia, chronic inflammation, and cancer.
Trevor Dyson-Hudson, MD, of Kessler Foundation, is honored for his outstanding contributions to improving the lives of individuals with spinal cord injury. He has made significant contributions to user guidelines for wheelchair maintenance and training, helping people remain active and confident.
Researchers found rapid changes in deep-sea fauna and biodiversity in the region during a global climate event known as the Younger Dryas. They also identified significant environmental overturn around 7,000 years ago due to mixing of different deep-sea waters.
A national approach is needed for trialing cannabinoids in children due to the lack of high-quality evidence and unregulated use of products. Collaboration among academics, industry, and provincial governments is required to conduct multiple-site clinical trials with long-term follow-up.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered that unconventional T cells play a crucial role in protecting infants from severe flu complications by promoting lung cell repair. This immune response differs from adults and may provide a new target for therapies to ease flu symptoms in infants.
Researchers identify key host-virus protein interactions that enable Zika to evade immune signaling and proliferate. The study provides insight into the viral life cycle and potential targets for antiviral drugs.
Scientists establish direct connection between macroscopic electric polarizations and microscopic electron densities, opening route for understanding and tailoring ferroelectric material properties. Ultrafast x-ray diffraction tool provides unique insight into complex material properties.
Researchers identified a gene mutation causing abnormal lymphatic circulation and restored normal vessel architecture using signal inhibitors. The study may lead to a new therapy for patients with central conducting lymphatic anomaly, a complex condition affecting immune function and fat transport.
Biological anthropologists from the University of Texas at Austin have discovered three previously unknown ancient primates in San Diego County. The fossils date back 42 million to 46 million years, with estimated weights ranging from 113 to 796 grams.
Researchers developed a novel imaging biomarker to quantify coronary artery inflammation, capturing changes in perivascular fat on CT angiography. This biomarker is associated with increased rates of death from any cause and cardiac causes.
Researchers discovered fossil parasites inside their hosts, describing four extinct wasp species that were unknown until now. The study provides major information on the evolution of parasitism and its impact on ecosystems.
A new study found that combining oral anticoagulants with antiplatelets worsened outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation, especially those without coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease. This challenges the use of combined therapy in these patients.
Scientists have developed a method to investigate all proteins in tissue samples that are modified by ADP-ribosylation, a stress response pathway. This allows for conclusions to be drawn about activated signaling pathways and potentially leads to new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for cancer and other diseases.
A mathematical model for malaria shows that competition between parasite strains within a human host reduces the odds of drug resistance developing in high-transmission settings. The model reveals how once a drug-resistant strain becomes established, it will spread faster in high-transmission areas than in low-transmission areas.
A research team at the University of Colorado School of Medicine has identified a potential target for treating pain during surgery, aiming to reduce the use of narcotics. By understanding how nociceptors work, researchers hope to develop new therapies and decrease post-surgical pain duration and intensity.
A study by environmental engineers at Duke University found that gold nanoparticles can be dismantled by microorganisms on aquatic plants, complicating laboratory experiments. This discovery highlights the importance of considering complex ecosystems in research design to ensure accurate results.
Researchers at UCSB and NCAR find that climate change is affecting the connection between El Niño and wildfires, leading to more extreme and frequent fires. As the Earth warms, El Niño events are expected to have a larger impact on fire risk in California and other fire-prone regions.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology have found substances that accumulate in plant leaves when mycorrhizal fungi successfully colonize roots, providing a new tool for studying fungal associations and breeding programs. The discovery has significant implications for global phosphate resources and food production.
Researchers found that major Arctic rivers have increased alkalinity production over the past 40 years, potentially offsetting the negative effects of climate change. This increase in riverine alkalinity could be triggered by thawing permafrost, changes in acid deposition, and other human activities.
A new machine-learning algorithm, Best Match, has been introduced to improve the search results in PubMed, the world's largest biomedical literature database. The algorithm draws on user responses and click-through rates to provide more relevant results, increasing the click-through rate by 20% compared to chronological ordering.
A new phase has been proposed in the relationship between figs and wasps, revealing a sixth developmental cycle where insects other than wasps can insert their eggs into figs. This finding highlights the complex mutualism between figs and wasps, which have evolved over 65 million years.
Researchers at UT Austin have developed a new approach to treating cancer using enzyme therapy, which boosts the immune system by degrading kynurenine, a metabolite that suppresses the immune system. The treatment could prove effective in treating various types of cancers and is expected to initiate clinical trials soon.
Research shows that multiple facets of biodiversity, including species richness and plant evolutionary history, jointly reduce annual variation in grassland productivity. High-species-rich communities with diverse histories exhibit reduced biomass production variability.
A new type of breathing tube has been shown to increase cardiac arrest survival rates in a multicenter study. The device improved oxygen delivery and reduced errors compared to traditional intubation methods, resulting in higher survival rates among patients.
Purdue University researchers are developing a photoacoustic tomography system that provides real-time compositional information of body tissue without contrast agents. The technology has the potential to detect or monitor diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.
A study by researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that cell metabolism significantly influences autophagy, a survival program used by some tumor cells to evade treatment. The findings suggest that manipulating this pathway could lead to better cancer treatments and outcomes.
Researchers found that Australopithecus africanus had wider, splayed roots than Paranthropus robustus and Paranthropus boisei, indicating increased lateral chewing loads. The study suggests that the orientation of tooth roots provides valuable insights into the dietary ecology of ancient humans and their extinct relatives.
Researchers from the University of Surrey developed a fiber-based sensor that can detect lithium concentration levels in blood, providing an easy-to-use alternative to invasive blood samples. The sensor is ready to use and doesn't require pre-conditioning, making it ideal for people with bipolar disorder and depression.
Stanford researchers found that ketamine works as an antidepressant by activating the brain's opioid system. The study overturns previous beliefs about the drug's mechanism and presents new treatment opportunities for depression, pain, and opioid addiction.
A study found that people's likelihood of expressing gratitude is driven by predictions of recipient reactions, highlighting the importance of overcoming fear to write sincere thank-you notes. The research suggests that writing gratitude letters can improve well-being for both writers and recipients at little cost.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a method to control the fabrication of carbon nanotube thin films, producing colored thin films for various applications. The breakthrough uses aerosols of metal and carbon, with small doses of carbon dioxide tuning the growth of nanotubes.
A large study of Australian adults found that psychological distress was linked to a higher risk of heart attack and stroke. The researchers estimated that among women, high/very high psychological distress was associated with a 44 percent increased risk of stroke.
Limpets exhibit surprising sensory and self-healing abilities, detecting minor damage to their shells and remodelling them for strength. They actively repair structural weaknesses, restoring mechanical strength within a month.
Researchers discovered that cytomegalovirus uses protein IE1 to replicate after PP71 proteins decay, offering potential therapeutic avenues for treatment
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered how NF-2 gene mutations lead to hyper-responsiveness to growth factor signaling, driving out-of-control cellular proliferation. This phenomenon is mediated by macropinocytosis, a process that enables cells to engulf fluids and nutrients from their environment.
A new study finds that clinical quality registries for surgery often exclude treatment-related adverse events, leading to misleading conclusions. The study analyzed data from Finland and compared it with US and UK quality registers.
Researchers have developed a new method using TOF-SIMS to map the flow of biomolecules in and around solid tumors. This technique reveals how tumors signal to their microenvironment and sap local tissue resources.
HIV/AIDS research has led to significant advances in heart disease, hepatitis, and cancer. Scientists have better understood the vital role of CD4+ T cells in thwarting other infectious diseases and certain cancers.
A novel brain network has been discovered that links chronic pain in Parkinson's disease to a specific region of the brain, including the subthalamic nucleus. This research provides new insights into pain processing and suggests a potential target for pain relief in PD and other neurological diseases.
A new study suggests that a heart-healthy diet may consist of foods previously thought to be detrimental, such as dairy products and meat. The research, which analyzed data from over 218,000 people across five continents, found that consuming these foods was associated with lower risks of cardiovascular disease and death.
Scientists developed a new mathematical model using game theory to explain the biodiversity paradox, which predicts that hundreds of plankton species can coexist in open sea water despite limited resources. The model shows that biodiversity increases exponentially with the number of resources, leading to a large number of potential spe...
Tropical Storm Lane underwent significant changes in its strength after being analyzed by NASA's Aqua satellite on August 27. The storm showed powerful thunderstorms east of its center but weakened due to wind shear, only to regain tropical storm status later that day.
Research suggests that dairy products can protect against total mortality and cerebrovascular causes, but milk consumption increases the risk of CHD. Public health officials should revise guidelines on dairy consumption, recommending fat-free or low-fat milk.
Tropical Depression 16E formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with coldest cloud tops reaching minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit. The depression is expected to strengthen into a tropical storm and potentially become a hurricane by Thursday.
A team of researchers identified three sources of non-independence in cultural variables: phylogenetic non-independence, spatial autocorrelation, and covariation. By controlling for these factors, they found that parasites have no more explanatory power for cultural traits than other environmental factors like biodiversity and climate.
Research reveals protein aggregates in bacteria provide protection against toxic stresses by encoding epigenetic memory. Cells with inherited aggregates display improved survival and faster recovery than those without.
Researchers at Princeton University have detected the Higgs boson's decay into two bottom quarks, a pathway that confirms theories about matter's nature. The detection gives scientists a new way to study the physical laws governing the universe.
Researchers found that teenagers have difficulty reading the emotions expressed in their peers' voices, particularly when it comes to tones of voice conveying anger, meanness, or happiness. However, they can accurately interpret adult tone of voices. This challenges the social interactions and relationships among teens.
NASA's Aqua satellite detected slight improvement in Tropical Storm Miriam's cloud pattern and convective organization on Aug. 27. The storm still exhibited wind shear effects, with coldest cloud top temperatures reaching -63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers on the International Space Station are studying ferrofluids with magnetic fields to create pump systems without mechanical moving parts. This could extend system lifetimes and improve performance in next-generation space vehicles.
Research reveals that pitcher plant communities converge in terms of microbial life and small animal populations, even across different continents. The study found that Asian and North American pitchers house similar species, such as bacteria and insects, and can even mimic each other's ecosystems.
Researchers sequenced eggplant and wild relative plastomes, finding a single event led to two lineages: one in Africa and the other in Asia. This dispersal resulted in the current wide distribution of eggplant relatives across Africa, linked to African elephant and impala seed dispersal.
A new randomized trial tested a revised set of criteria for diagnosing heart attacks, but found that using these criteria did not reduce the rate of recurrent heart attacks or cardiovascular deaths. The study suggested that the revised criteria could lead to more diagnoses and treatment, but with no adverse effects on patient outcomes.
A new compact hyperspectral system captures 5-D images with high speed and accuracy, benefiting applications such as optical-based sorting and personal medical monitoring. The system uses structured light to create detailed digital archives of historically valuable artifacts.
A clinical trial showed AI detected diabetic retinopathy as accurately as expert clinicians, with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 90%. Early detection may prevent vision loss, which affects 24,000 Americans annually.
Researchers found that deep brain stimulation affects different neural pathways for motor and cognitive functions. The treatment shows improved effects on motor control and fewer adverse cognitive effects.
A new study found that obesity blunts post-workout muscle building and repair in young adults. The research showed that obese individuals had reduced rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis after a weightlifting session compared to normal-weight peers.
Researchers found that reducing secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure patients did not improve survival or symptoms, suggesting the procedure is futile. Despite successful procedure completion, there was no significant difference in primary endpoint outcomes between intervention and medical treatment groups.